Dec, 2025
Caveat Oculus: Data Brokers, Surveillance Capitalism, and the Threat to Homeland Security
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security; Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.)
Yarbrough, Jesse A.
From the thesis: "This thesis examines what threats the data broker industry and surveillance capitalism pose to individuals, organizations, and homeland security. Through a qualitative analysis of open-source material grounded in social contract theory, it argues that the commercial collection, aggregation, and sale of personal data produce an inescapable digital panopticon. This system enables harms ranging from fraud and stalking to microtargeting of military, law enforcement, and government personnel by foreign adversaries. Current legal frameworks, including Fourth Amendment jurisprudence and notice-and-consent models, are inadequate, creating a coercive environment where privacy is eroded and meaningful consent is illusory. The research highlights a paradox: the data streams used by security agencies for legitimate purposes are exploited by adversaries to create vulnerabilities. This thesis concludes that entrenched, unregulated data infrastructure constitutes a persistent security threat ripe for weaponization. It contends that infrastructures enabling personalization and operational benefits also fuel coercion, discrimination, and physical threats. Thus, it recommends federal regulation establishing fiduciary duties for data collectors coupled with robust digital literacy education, immediate personal security mitigations for vulnerable practitioners, and the development of capabilities by the United States to leverage this data ecosystem offensively against foreign threats."
    Details
  • URL
  • Author
    Yarbrough, Jesse A.
  • Publishers
    Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
    Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.)
  • Date
    Dec, 2025
  • Copyright
    Public Domain
  • Retrieved From
    Naval Postgraduate School, Dudley Knox Library: calhoun.nps.edu/
  • Format
    pdf
  • Media Type
    application/pdf
  • Source
    Cohort CA2401/2402
  • Subjects
    Selling--Databases
    Data protection--Law and legislation
    Data privacy
    Data collection platforms
    Electronic surveillance--Law and legislation
  • Resource Groups
    Thesis (CHDS)
    Thesis (NPS)
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