From the Purpose and Summary: "H.R. 3138, the 'State and Local Cybersecurity Act,' seeks to foster stronger partnerships between the Federal government and State and local governments to defend State and local networks against cyber attacks from sophisticated foreign adversaries or cyber criminals. It does so by authorizing a new Department of Homeland Security (DHS) grant program to address cybersecurity vulnerabilities on State and local government networks. This new $500 million grant program includes a graduating cost-share to incentivize States to increase funding for cybersecurity in their budgets. Under the bill, State, Tribal, and Territorial governments would be required to develop comprehensive cybersecurity plans to guide the use of grant funds. The bill also requires the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) to develop a strategy to improve the cybersecurity of State, local, Tribal, and Territorial governments, set baseline objectives for State and local cybersecurity efforts, and, among other things, identify Federal resources that could be made available to State and local governments for cybersecurity purposes. CISA would also be required to assess the feasibility of a short-term rotational program for certain cybersecurity professionals in State, local, Tribal, and Territorial workforces to be detailed to the Agency. Lastly, H.R. 3138 establishes a State and Local Cybersecurity Resilience Committee comprised of representatives from State, local, Tribal, and Territorial governments to advise and provide situational awareness to CISA regarding the cybersecurity needs of such governments."