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Presidential Policy Directive 23: U.S. Security Sector Assistance Policy [Fact Sheet]
This Fact Sheet defines "security sector assistance" as it pertains to U.S. assistance to build the capabilities of allies and partner nations. The goals of U.S. security sector assistance are to help other nations address common security issues, promote support for U.S. interests and universal values, and to strengthen the collective security of the U.S. and partner nations.
United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary
2013-04-05
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Homeland Security Presidential Directive 8 Annex 1
"This Annex is intended to further enhance the preparedness of the United States by formally establishing a standard and comprehensive approach to national planning. It is meant to provide guidance for conducting planning in
accordance with the Homeland Security Management System in the National Strategy for Homeland Security of 2007."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
2007-12-03
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Presidential Decision Directive 62: Protection Against Unconventional Threats to the Homeland and Americans Overseas
"In 1995, I reaffirmed and elaborated United States counterterrorism policy in PDD-39. [Presidential Decision Directive] That policy directive remains valid. Because of our military superiority, potential enemies, be they nations, terrorist groups, or criminal organizations, are increasingly likely to attack us in unconventional ways. Adversaries will be tempted to exploit vulnerabilities in our critical infrastructure, impede continuity of government operations, use weapons of mass destruction against civilians in our cities, disrupt our transportation systems, attack us when we gather as a community at special events, and prey on our citizens overseas. As this cluster of threats matures in the coming century, I am determined that we will be prepared to deter them, prevent them, or, if necessary, limit the damage they can inflict. Success requires that we recognize the common nature of these threats, the need for an integrated response, and, in the case of critical infrastructure protection, the importance of a public-private partnership."
United States. White House Office
1998-05-22
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Homeland Security Presidential Directive 15: [Classified]
National Security Presidential Directive 46/Homeland Security Presidential Directive 15, known as the "War on Terror" directive is reported to be a directive that will clarify and coordinate the role of government agencies in the war on terror. Presently the directive is classified. According to reports, agencies' duties related to the war have had gaps and overlaps resulting in competing agency jurisdiction. Departments such as the Defense Department and the State Department as well as several other agencies will have a clearer idea of their mission and how they relate to each other. Officials site the Quadrennial Defense Review of 2005 as establishing the framework for this directive.
2006-03-08
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Homeland Security Presidential Directive 16: [Classified]
National Security Presidential Directive 47/ Homeland Security Presidential Directive 16 are classified directives that address aviation security. According to the Rules and Regulations Plan for the Emergency Security Control of Air Traffic (ESCAT) ( Federal Register volume 71, no. 203/Friday, October 20, 2006), where they are referenced, the directives change how air traffic would be controlled in the event of a terrorist attack. Decisions on shutting down airspace would be given to the Department of Defense with the President as the only civilian to have veto power. The new plan allows the Department of Defense to determine when to call an Air Defense Emergency and to decide what airspace sectors would be involved in a shutdown, a change seen as being friendly to the economic community. The plan does not define an "end" to an emergency.
United States. White House Office
Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-
2006-06-22
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Cost of Malicious Cyber Activity to the U.S. Economy
"This report examines the substantial economic costs that malicious cyber activity imposes on the U.S. economy. Cyber threats are ever-evolving and may come from sophisticated adversaries. Due to common vulnerabilities, instances of security breaches occur across firms and in patterns that are difficult to anticipate. Importantly, cyberattacks and cyber theft impose externalities that may lead to rational underinvestment in cybersecurity by the private sectorrelative to the socially optimal level of investment. Firms in critical infrastructure sectors may generate especially large negative spillover effects to the wider economy. Insufficient data may impair cybersecurity efforts. Successful protection against cyber threats requires cooperation across firms and between private and public sectors."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2018-02
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Declaring a National Emergency Concerning the Southern Border of the United States: Proclamation 9844 by the President of the United States of America, February 15, 2019
Proclamation 9844 issued by the president on February 15, 2019, declares a state of national emergency at the southern border to address the issues of illegal immigration and criminal trafficking into the United States: "The current situation at the southern border presents a border security and humanitarian crisis that threatens core national security interests and constitutes a national emergency. The southern border is a major entry point for criminals, gang members, and illicit narcotics. The problem of large-scale unlawful migration through the southern border is long-standing, and despite the executive branch's exercise of existing statutory authorities, the situation has worsened in certain respects in recent years. [...] Because of the gravity of the current emergency situation, it is necessary for the Armed Forces to provide additional support to address the crisis."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2019-02-15
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Addressing Mass Migration Through the Southern Border of the United States: Proclamation 9842 by the President of the United States of America, February 7, 2019
Proclamation 9842 issued by the president on February 7, 2019 is a 90 day extension of Proclamation 9822 issued on November 9, 2018. Proclamation 9822 established that any asylum seekers attempting to enter the U.S. must enter at a legal port of entry to be processed accordingly. Aliens attempting entry through illegal ports will be ineligible for asylum claims. The president states in Proclamation 9842: "The problem of large numbers of aliens traveling through Mexico to enter our country unlawfully or without proper documentation has not materially improved, and indeed in several respects has worsened, since November 9, 2018. [...] I must act to protect the national interest, and to maintain an effectively functioning asylum system for legitimate asylum seekers who demonstrate that they have fled persecution and warrant the many special benefits associated with being granted asylum."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2019-02-07
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Presidential Policy Directive 20 [Fact Sheet]
"The President recently signed a classified Presidential directive relating to cyber operations. [...] The policy takes into account the evolution of the threat and our growing experience. The policy establishes principles and processes for the use of cyber operations so that cyber tools are integrated with the full array of national security tools we have at our disposal. The policy provides a whole-of-government approach consistent with the values that we promote domestically and internationally as we have previously articulated in the International Strategy for Cyberspace."
United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary
Obama, Barack
2013-01
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Addressing Mass Migration Through the Southern Border of the United States: Proclamation 9822 by the President of the United States of America, November 9, 2018
Proclamation 9822 issued by the president on Nov 9, 2018, establishes that any asylum seekers attempting to enter the U.S. must enter at a legal port of entry to be processed accordingly. Aliens attempting entry through illegal ports will be ineligible for asylum claims: "The continuing and threatened mass migration of aliens with no basis for admission into the United States through our southern border has precipitated a crisis and undermines the integrity of our borders. I therefore must take immediate action to protect the national interest, and to maintain the effectiveness of the asylum system for legitimate asylum seekers who demonstrate that they have fled persecution and warrant the many special benefits associated with asylum."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2018-11-09
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National Security Decision Directive 108: Soviet Camouflage, Concealment and Deception
"The Soviet Union has developed a doctrine of 'maskirovka' which calls for the use of camouflage, concealment and deception (CC&D) in defense-related programs and in the conduct of military operations. They define maskirovka as a set of measures to deceive, or mislead, the enemy with respect to Soviet national security capabilities, actions, and intentions. These measures include concealment, simulation, diversionary actions and disinformation. […] Integral to development and deployment of strategic and tactical weapons systems, is establishment and execution of a plan for maskirovka. A Soviet Directorate for strategic maskirovka has been established and its directives are carried out by numerous elements of the Soviet government. Additionally, the Soviets have established a program to counter western signal and imagery intelligence collection. The Soviets may be attempting to deceive the West regarding the intent and purpose of basic policies, e.g., arms control. […] Several recent discoveries reveal that the Soviet maskirovka program has enjoyed previously unsuspected success and that it is apparently entering a new and improved phase. Many of these discoveries resulted only after concentrated and intensive examination of intelligence accumulated over many years."
United States. White House Office
Reagan, Ronald
1983-10-12
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Presidential Policy Directive 4: National Space Policy of the United States of America
"The legacy of success in space and its transformation also presents new challenges. When the space age began, the opportunities to use space were limited to only a few nations, and there were limited consequences for irresponsible or unintentional behavior. Now, we find ourselves in a world where the benefits of space permeate almost every facet of our lives. The growth and evolution of the global economy has ushered in an ever-increasing number of nations and organizations using space. The now-ubiquitous and interconnected nature of space capabilities and the world's growing dependence on them mean that irresponsible acts in space can have damaging consequences for all of us. For example, decades of space activity have littered Earth's orbit with debris; and as the world's space-faring nations continue to increase activities in space, the chance for a collision increases correspondingly. As the leading space-faring nation, the United States is committed to addressing these challenges. But this cannot be the responsibility of the United States alone. All nations have the right to use and explore space, but with this right also comes responsibility. The United States, therefore, calls on all nations to work together to adopt approaches for responsible activity in space to preserve this right for the benefit of future generations. From the outset of humanity's ascent into space, this Nation declared its commitment to enhance the welfare of humankind by cooperating with others to maintain the freedom of space. The United States hereby renews its pledge of cooperation in the belief that with strengthened inter¬national collaboration and reinvigorated U.S. leadership, all nations and peoples--space-faring and space-benefiting--will find their horizons broadened, their knowledge enhanced, and their lives greatly improved."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2010-06-28
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Homeland Security Presidential Directive 4: National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction [Unclassified Version]
Issued by the White House in 2002, Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD)4 lays out the "three pillars" in the fight against weapons of mass destruction: counterproliferation to combat WMD use; strengthened nonproliferation to combat WMD proliferation; and consequence management to respond to WMD use. The Strategy also details the four "cross-cutting enabling functions" to be pursued: intelligence collection and analysis on WMD, delivery systems, and related technologies; research and development to improve our ability to respond to evolving threats; bilateral and multilateral cooperation; and targeted strategies against hostile states and terrorists.
United States. White House Office
Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-
2002-12
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National Biodefense Strategy 2018
"It is a vital interest of the United States to manage the risk of biological incidents. In today's interconnected world, biological incidents have the potential to cost thousands of American lives, cause significant anxiety, and greatly impact travel and trade. [...] Biological threats--whether naturally occurring, accidental, or deliberate in origin--are among the most serious threats facing the United States and the international community. [...] Health security means taking care of the American people in the face of biological threats to our homeland and to our interests abroad. [...] The health of the American people depends on our ability to stem infectious disease outbreaks at their source, wherever and however they occur. America's biodefense enterprise needs to be nimble enough to address emerging infectious disease threats, the risks associated with the accelerating pace of biotechnology, and threats posed by terrorist groups or adversaries seeking to use biological weapons. [...] This National Biodefense Strategy highlights the President's commitment to protect the American people and our way of life, laying out a clear pathway and set of objectives to effectively counter threats from naturally occurring, accidental, and deliberate biological events. It is broader than a Federal Government strategy. It is a call to action for state, local, territorial, and tribal (SLTT) entities, other governments, practitioners, physicians, scientists, educators, and industry."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2018
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Presidential Policy Directive 19: Protecting Whistleblowers with Access to Classified Information
"This Presidential Policy Directive ensures that employees (1) serving in the Intelligence Community or (2) who are eligible for access to classified information can effectively report waste, fraud, and abuse while protecting classified national security information. It prohibits retaliation against employees for reporting waste, fraud, and abuse. [...] Any officer or employee of a Covered Agency who has authority to take, direct others to take, recommend, or approve any Personnel Action, shall not, with respect to such authority, take or fail to take, or threaten to take or fail to take, a Personnel Action with respect to any employee serving in an Intelligence Community Element as a reprisal for a Protected Disclosure."
United States. White House Office
Obama, Barack
2012-10-10
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National Security Decision Directive 238: Basic National Security Strategy
"Significant progress has been made during the past six years in strengthening the position of the United States in world affairs. The constancy of purpose we have demonstrated in defending U.S. global interests and pursuing our policy objectives has strengthened global security. Yet, important changes have evolved in international affairs that must be considered as we further develop our strategy of peace for the future. This directive supersedes NSDD-32 [National Security Decision Directive 32] and its supporting documents as the primary source of U.S. national security strategy. It shall serve as the starting point for further development of policy and strategy where appropriate. Policy guidance now in effect is being reviewed to ensure its consistency with this document. Supplemental directives will be structured to ensure conformance with this guidance."
United States. White House Office
Reagan, Ronald
1986-09-02
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Suspension of Entry as Immigrants and Nonimmigrants of Certain Additional Persons Who Pose a Risk of Transmitting 2019 Novel Coronavirus: Proclamation 9993 by the President of the United States of America, March 11, 2020
Proclamation 9993 issued by the president on March 11, 2020 states: "The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a component of the Department of Health and Human Services, has determined that the virus [COVID-19] presents a serious public health threat, and CDC continues to take steps to prevent its spread. But CDC, along with State and local health departments, has limited resources, and the public health system could be overwhelmed if sustained human-to-human transmission of the virus occurred in the United States on a large scale. Sustained human-to-human transmission has the potential to cause cascading public health, economic, national security, and societal consequences."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2020-03-11
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Proclamation on Declaring a National Emergency Concerning the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak
From the Website: "In December 2019, a novel (new) coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] ('the virus') was first detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China, causing outbreaks of the coronavirus disease COVID-19 that has now spread globally. The Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) declared a public health emergency on January 31, 2020, under section 319 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 247d), in response to COVID-19."
United States. White House Office
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2020-03-13
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Declaring a National Emergency Concerning the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak: Proclamation 9994 by the President of the United States of America, March 13, 2020
From the Document: "In December 2019, a novel (new) coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2 (''the virus'') was first detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China, causing outbreaks of the coronavirus disease COVID-19 that has now spread globally. The Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) declared a public health emergency on January 31, 2020, under section 319 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 247d), in response to COVID-19. I have taken sweeping action to control the spread of the virus in the United States, including by suspending entry of foreign nationals seeking entry who had been physically present within the prior 14 days in certain jurisdictions where COVID-19 outbreaks have occurred, including the People's Republic of China, the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the Schengen Area of Europe. [...] As of March 12, 2020, 1,645 people from 47 States have been infected with the virus that causes COVID-19. It is incumbent on hospitals and medical facilities throughout the country to assess their preparedness posture and be prepared to surge capacity and capability. Additional measures, however, are needed to successfully contain and combat the virus in the United States."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2020-03-13
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Space Policy Directive 3: National Space Traffic Management Policy
From the Policy: "For decades, the United States has effectively reaped the benefits of operating in space to enhance our national security, civil, and commercial sectors. Our society now depends on space technologies and space-based capabilities for communications, navigation, weather forecasting, and much more. Given the significance of space activities, the United States considers the continued unfettered access to and freedom to operate in space of vital interest to advance the security, economic prosperity, and scientific knowledge of the Nation. [...] The future space operating environment will also be shaped by a significant increase in the volume and diversity of commercial activity in space. Emerging commercial ventures such as satellite servicing, debris removal, in-space manufacturing, and tourism, as well as new technologies enabling small satellites and very large constellations of satellites, are increasingly outpacing efforts to develop and implement government policies and processes to address these new activities. To maintain U.S. leadership in space, we must develop a new approach to space traffic management (STM) that addresses current and future operational risks. This new approach must set priorities for space situational awareness (SSA) and STM innovation in science and technology (S&T), incorporate national security considerations, encourage growth of the U.S. commercial space sector, establish an updated STM architecture, and promote space safety standards and best practices across the international community."
United States. White House Office
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2018-06-18
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Space Policy Directive-4: Establishment of the United States Space Force
"Space is integral to our way of life, our national security, and modern warfare. Although United States space systems have historically maintained a technological advantage over those of our potential adversaries, those potential adversaries are now advancing their space capabilities and actively developing ways to deny our use of space in a crisis or conflict. It is imperative that the United States adapt its national security organizations, policies, doctrine, and capabilities to deter aggression and protect our interests. Toward that end, the Department of Defense shall take actions under existing authority to marshal its space resources to deter and counter threats in space, and to develop a legislative proposal to establish a United States Space Force as a sixth branch of the United States Armed Forces within the Department of the Air Force. This is an important step toward a future military department for space. Under this proposal, the United States Space Force would be authorized to organize, train, and equip military space forces of the United States to ensure unfettered access to, and freedom to operate in, space, and to provide vital capabilities to joint and coalition forces in peacetime and across the spectrum of conflict."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2019-02-25
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Space Policy Directive 1: Reinvigorating America's Human Space Exploration Program
This directive is an amendment to Presidential Policy Directive-4. "Presidential Policy Directive-4 of June 28, 2010 (National Space Policy), is amended as follows: The paragraph beginning 'Set far-reaching exploration milestones' is deleted and replaced with the following: 'Lead an innovative and sustainable program of exploration with commercial and international partners to enable human expansion across the solar system and to bring back to Earth new knowledge and opportunities. Beginning with missions beyond low-Earth orbit, the United States will lead the return of humans to the Moon for long-term exploration and utilization, followed by human missions to Mars and other destinations;.'"
United States. White House Office
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2017-12-11
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Space Policy Directive-2: Streamlining Regulations on Commercial Use of Space
From the Policy: "It is the policy of the executive branch to be prudent and responsible when spending taxpayer funds, and to recognize how government actions, including Federal regulations, affect private resources. It is therefore important that regulations adopted and enforced by the executive branch promote economic growth; minimize uncertainty for taxpayers, investors, and private industry; protect national security, public-safety, and foreign policy interests; and encourage American leadership in space commerce."
United States. White House Office
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2018-05-24
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Suspension of Entry of Immigrants and Nonimmigrants Who Present a Risk to the United States Labor Market During the Economic Recovery Following the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: Proclamation 10052 by the President of the United States of America, June 22, 2020
Proclamation 10052 was issued by the President on June 22, 2020. From the Document: "Historically, when recovering from economic shocks that cause significant contractions in productivity, recoveries in employment lag behind improvements in economic activity. This predictive outcome demonstrates that, assuming the conclusion of the economic contraction, the United States economy will likely require several months to return to pre-contraction economic output, and additional months to restore stable labor demand. In light of the above, I have determined that the entry, through December 31, 2020, of certain aliens as immigrants and nonimmigrants would be detrimental to the interests of the United States."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2020-06-22
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Space Policy Directive-5: Cybersecurity Principles for Space Systems
From the Background: "The United States considers unfettered freedom to operate in space vital to advancing the security, economic prosperity, and scientific knowledge of the Nation. Space systems enable key functions such as global communications; positioning, navigation, and timing; scientific observation; exploration; weather monitoring; and multiple vital national security applications. Therefore, it is essential to protect space systems from cyber incidents in order to prevent disruptions to their ability to provide reliable and efficient contributions to the operations of the Nation's critical infrastructure. Space systems are reliant on information systems and networks from design conceptualization through launch and flight operations. Further, the transmission of command and control and mission information between space vehicles and ground networks relies on the use of radio-frequency-dependent wireless communication channels. These systems, networks, and channels can be vulnerable to malicious activities that can deny, degrade, or disrupt space operations, or even destroy satellites. [...] The National Cyber Strategy of September 2018 states that my Administration will enhance efforts to protect our space assets and supporting infrastructure from evolving cyber threats, and will work with industry and international partners to strengthen the cyber resilience of existing and future space systems."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2020-09-04
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Executive Order 13893: Increasing Government Accountability for Administrative Actions by Reinvigorating Administrative PAYGO
From the Purpose, Section 1: "In May 2005, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) implemented a budget-neutrality requirement on executive branch administrative actions affecting mandatory spending. This mechanism, commonly referred to as 'Administrative pay-as-you-go' (Administrative PAYGO), requires each executive department and agency (agency) to include one or more proposals for reducing mandatory spending whenever an agency proposes to undertake a discretionary administrative action that would increase mandatory spending. In practice, however, agencies have applied this requirement with varying degrees of stringency, sometimes resulting in higher mandatory spending. Accordingly, institutionalizing and reinvigorating Administrative PAYGO through this order is a prudent approach to keeping mandatory spending under control."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2019-10-10
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Executive Order 13871: Imposing Sanctions With Respect to the Iron, Steel, Aluminum, and Copper Sectors of Iran
This Executive Order addresses economic and trade sanctions against Iran to prevent the development and proliferation of weapons in Iran.
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2019-05-08
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Executive Order 13873: Securing the Information and Communications Technology and Services Supply Chain
From the Document: "[F]oreign adversaries are increasingly creating and exploiting vulnerabilities in information and communications technology and services, which store and communicate vast amounts of sensitive information, facilitate the digital economy, and support critical infrastructure and vital emergency services, in order to commit malicious cyber-enabled actions, including economic and industrial espionage against the United States and its people. I further find that the unrestricted acquisition or use in the United States of information and communications technology or services designed, developed, manufactured, or supplied by persons owned by, controlled by, or subject to the jurisdiction or direction of foreign adversaries augments the ability of foreign adversaries to create and exploit vulnerabilities in information and communications technology or services, with potentially catastrophic effects, and thereby constitutes an unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States. This threat exists both in the case of individual acquisitions or uses of such technology or services, and when acquisitions or uses of such technologies are considered as a class. [...] In light of these findings, I hereby declare a national emergency with respect to this threat."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2019-05-15
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Executive Order 13883: Administration of Proliferation Sanctions and Amendment of Executive Order 12851
This Executive Order extends authority to the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the U.S. Secretary of State to administer economic sanctions on any nation involved in weapons proliferation when the president or acting authority has issued sanctions in accordance with the Chemical and Biological Weapons Control and Warfare Elimination Act of 1991.
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2019-08-01
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Executive Order 13886: Modernizing Sanctions To Combat Terrorism
From the Document: "I, DONALD J. TRUMP, President of the United States of America, find that it is necessary to consolidate and enhance sanctions to combat acts of terrorism and threats of terrorism by foreign terrorists, acts that are recognized and condemned in the above-referenced United Nations Security Council resolutions. Accordingly, I hereby terminate the national emergency declared in Executive Order 12947 of January 23, 1995, and revoke Executive Order 12947, as amended by Executive Order 13099 of August 20, 1998. In order to build upon the initial steps taken in Executive Order 12947, to further strengthen and consolidate sanctions to combat the continuing threat posed by international terrorism, and in order to take additional steps to deal with the national emergency declared in Executive Order 13224 of September 23, 2001, with respect to the continuing and immediate threat of grave acts of terrorism and threats of terrorism committed by foreign terrorists, which include acts of terrorism that threaten the Middle East peace process[.]"
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2019-09-09
