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Nonprofit Security Grant Program and Protecting Houses of Worship: A View from the American Jewish Community, Joint Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Recovery and the Subcommittee on Intelligence and Counterterrorism of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Seventeenth Congress, Second Session, February 8, 2022

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This is the February 8, 2022 hearing on "Nonprofit Security Grant Program and Protecting Houses of Worship: A View from the American Jewish Community," held before the U.S. House Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Recovery and the Subcommittee on Intelligence and Counterterrorism of the Committee on Homeland Security. From the Opening Statement of Val Butler Demings: "As someone who spent nearly 3 decades in law enforcement, I was extremely troubled to see neo-Nazis shouting anti-Semitic slurs while parading through the streets of Central Florida. I am relieved that the individuals who viciously attacked a Jewish student have been charged with hate crime assault and grand theft. For one of the group's leaders this is the second time he has been charged with committing violent acts against innocent bystanders this year. These hateful and violent acts followed several incidents in which anti-Semitic flyers were left outside homes across Central Florida. [...] As the terrorism landscape has grown more complex and houses of worship are increasingly being targeted, the demand for this program has risen exponentially. To meet this demand, Congress has increased funding for Nonprofit Security Grant Program. Even with the recent increases, we still see a growing need for organizations to access this funding. With the risk of attacks against faith-based communities, we must continue to invest in their security." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Charlie Cytron-Walker, Yosef Konikov, Eric Fingerhut, and Michael Masters.

United States. Government Publishing Office

2022
How Are American Jews Faring in an Era of Rising Antisemitism?

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From the Document: "Antisemitism has been on the rise globally over the last two decades, but until recently, most American Jews have felt relatively immune to it. That is no longer the case. Social tensions in America have heightened to the point of openly expressed hatreds directed against various minority groups--Blacks, Asians, Latinos, LGBTQ [lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer or questioning] people--and, as part of this angry mood, Jew-hatred has revived energetically in both word and deed. The threats to personal and communal well-being are evident at the street level and are also given prominent voice within segments of the country's political and cultural life. In the first instance, anti-Jewish hostility takes the form of physical assaults against Jews and vandalism, damage, and destruction of Jewish schools, synagogues, community centers, cemeteries, memorials, and other Jewish institutions. Politically and ideologically, such hatred is expressed in impassioned verbal attacks on Israel and its supporters and widely disseminated conspiratorial notions of Jewish 'power,' 'influence,' and 'control.' Anti-Jewish animus of both kinds has become strident in recent years and shows no signs of diminishing. It is no wonder, then, that a new sense of unease is palpable in Jewish communities throughout the country[.]"

National Defense University. Institute for National Strategic Studies

Rosenfeld, Alvin H. (Alvin Hirsch), 1938-

2021-12-23
Failure to Protect: How Tech Giants Fail to Act on User Reports of Antisemitism

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From the Introduction: "This report shows how social media companies fail to act on anti-Jewish hate on their platforms. As a result of their failure to enforce their own rules, social media platforms like Facebook have become safe places to spread racism and propaganda against Jews. Our research concludes that the platforms are failing to remove hateful and antisemitic content even after it is specifically reported and flagged. Our methodology sidesteps debates about algorithms and claims by the companies about automated hate removal that they refuse to have independently verified. Instead, we measured the effectiveness of the platforms' opposition to antisemitism by assessing what they do with user reports of anti-Jewish hatred. CCDH [Center for Countering Digital Hate] researchers, using the platforms' own reporting tools, reported hundreds of examples of clear, grotesque antisemitism to Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube and TikTok over a six-week period in 2021. We found that the platforms acted on fewer than 1 in 6 reported examples of antisemitism. The posts that we reported for this analysis received up to 7.3 million impressions. Facebook and Twitter showed the poorest rate of enforcement action."

Center for Countering Digital Hate

2021-07-30
Antisemitism Within Anti-Vaccination Conspiracy Theories

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From the Document: "Moonshot has conducted an initial investigation into the presence of antisemitism within discourses surrounding anti-vaccination conspiracy theories. The first section of this report provides an overview of the key narratives identified, based on data collected since the onset of the pandemic in January 2020. Moonshot's custom suite of open source intelligence tools and techniques were used to quantify and catalogue instances of antisemitic language used in conjunction with discussions of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] vaccines. We analysed relevant global English language posts from 4chan, BitChute and Twitter, along with UK-specific English language content on Gab and Telegram. Dates for data collection differed by platform, but all data was gathered between 1 January 2020 and 31 March 2021."

Moonshot

2021-06
Antisemitism in Europe: Implications for U.S. Policy

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From the Executive Summary: "Are Jews able to live openly and freely as Jews, in whatever manner they wish? The answer to this question is fundamental for judging antisemitism in any country. The factors that go into that assessment include: (1) Prevalence of antisemitic attitudes among the general population; (2) Number and nature (or severity) of antisemitic incidents; (3) Tolerance for antisemitic rhetoric in public, whether in politics or media; and (4) Actions (or inaction) by governments to counter and prevent antisemitism. This latter category may include physical security for Jewish institutions, public denunciations of antisemitism by political leaders, prosecution of antisemitic hate crimes, and education against antisemitism. For the purpose of this study, researchers asked questions on those topics of Jewish community leaders and government officials in 11 countries. These inquiries were informed and complemented by desk research to develop profiles of how antisemitism manifests in each country and how governments are addressing antisemitism. Those 11 country profiles constitute Part I of this report."

United States Commission on International Religious Freedom

Weinberg, David A.; Srulevitch, Andrew

2021-04-14?
Annual Report of the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom

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From the Introduction and Overview: "USCIRF [United States Commission on International Religious Freedom]'s 2021 Annual Report assesses religious freedom violations and progress during calendar year 2020 in 26 countries and makes independent recommendations for U.S. policy. [...] The report's primary focus is on two groups of countries: first, those that USCIRF recommends the State Department should designate as 'countries of particular concern,' or CPCs, under IRFA [International Religious Freedom Act], and second, those that USCIRF recommends the State Department should place on its Special Watch List (SWL). The report also includes USCIRF's recommendations of violent nonstate actors for designation by the State Department as 'entities of particular concern,' or EPCs, under IRFA. In addition, the report analyzes the U.S. government's implementation of IRFA during the reporting year and provides recommendations to bolster overall U.S. efforts to advance freedom of religion or belief abroad. It also includes a section discussing key trends and developments in religious freedom globally during the reporting period, including in countries that are not recommended for CPC or SWL status. This year, that section covers COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] and religious freedom, attacks on houses of worship, political unrest leading to religious freedom violations, blasphemy laws, global antisemitism, and China's international influence on religious freedom and human rights. Finally, the report's last section highlights key USCIRF recommendations that the U.S. government has implemented since USCIRF's previous annual report."

United States Commission on International Religious Freedom

Manchin, Gayle; Perkins, Tony; Bhargava, Anurima . . .

2021-04
Rise of Antisemitism Online During the Pandemic: A Study of French and German Content

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From the Executive Summary: "This report, conducted by the Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD), presents a data-driven snapshot of the proliferation of Covid-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] related online antisemitic content in French and German on Twitter, Facebook and Telegram. The study provides insight into the nature and volume of antisemitic content across selected accounts in France and Germany, analysing the platforms where such content is found, as well as the most prominent antisemitic narratives - comparing key similarities and differences between these different language contexts."

European Commission; Institute for Strategic Dialogue

Comerford, Milo; Gerster, Lea

2021-04
Malgorithm: How Instagram's Algorithm Publishes Misinformation and Hate to Millions During a Pandemic

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From the Introduction: "When it launched in 2010, Instagram - the social media giant acquired by Facebook in 2012 - was a pitched as a simple and fun app for sharing photos with friends and family. Since then, it has become a networked behemoth profiting from the promotion of dangerous misinformation and conspiracy theories. Malgorithm, the latest report from the Center for Countering Digital Hate, shows how the Instagram algorithm has been actively pushing radicalising, extremist misinformation to users. Users are being encouraged to view radical material, and then, once hooked, cross-fertilized with content from other limbs of the radical worldview. If a user follows anti-vaxxers, they are fed QAnon conspiracism and antisemitic hate; if they engage with conspiracies, they are fed electoral and anti-vaxx misinformation. This is a purposeful tactic. Social media companies constantly seek to maximize user engagement. Quite simply, more user time on Instagram means more ad revenue."

Center for Countering Digital Hate

2021-03-09
Public Law 116-326: Special Envoy to Monitor and Combat Anti-Semitism Act

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From the Document: "An Act [t]o amend the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956 to monitor and combat anti-Semitism globally, and for other purposes."

United States. Government Publishing Office

2021-01-13
Assessing the Threat from Accelerationists and Militia Extremists, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Intelligence and Counterterrorism of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, Second Session, July 16, 2020

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This is the July 16, 2020 hearing on "Assessing the Threat from Accelerationists and Militia Extremists," held before the House Subcommittee on Intelligence and Counterterrorism of the Committee on Homeland Security. From the opening statement of Max Rose: "This hearing will look at a range of violent, anti-Government actors, movements, and organizations, highlighting recent threats from militia extremists and accelerationists, including the Boogaloo movement, who seek to accelerate society toward violent collapse. [...] Some of these extremist movements stem from ideologies that are decades old. Others are relatively new. These threats range from decentralized and leaderless accelerationist networks to more structured militia groups. Anti-Government extremism is one of the common threads, but we often see overlap with anti-immigrant, anti-Semitic, anti-Black, anti-Muslim ideologies, bringing these extremists into common cause with others who are extremist in nature. Together, we have a collective opportunity to discuss the current threat landscape from these movements so we can develop an understanding of how they have flourished in our communities and in on-line spaces." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: J.J. MacNab, John K. Donohue, and Heidi L. Beirich.

United States. Government Publishing Office

2021
Resisting Anti-Semitisim and Xenophobia in Europe, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Europe, Eurasia, Energy, and the Environment of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, Second Session, January 29, 2020

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This is the January 29, 2020 hearing on "Resisting Anti-Semitisim and Xenophobia in Europe," held before the U.S. House Subcommittee on Europe, Eurasia, Energy, and the Environment of the Committee on Foreign Affairs. From the opening statement of William R. Keating: "Anti-Semitism and hate is something we must work tirelessly to address in government and across civil society, but at its core, we cannot forget the deeply personal nature of these harms. [...] Hate speech, discrimination, and violence based on a person's identity, be it creed, race, sexual orientation, place of origin or otherwise, is a scourge we cannot afford to ignore at anytime. It is also important to note that given the focus of the subcommittee, our hearing today addresses these trends in Europe; however, we are seeing similar concerning trends, sadly, right here in the United States." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Alfred Munzer, Deborah E. Lipstadt, Ira Forman, Christie J. Edwards, Robert Williams, and Andrew Baker.

United States. Government Publishing Office

2021
From Anti-Vaxxers to Antisemitism: Conspiracy Theory in the COVID-19 Pandemic

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From the Background: "As the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic forced countries into lockdown, several medical research laboratories began expedited clinical trials in a race to develop a COVID-19 vaccine that would limit the infection rate, death tolls and allow societies and economies to return to some normalcy. More than 150 coronavirus vaccines are in development across the world, including in the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Germany, China, Brazil, Australia, Russia and Israel. For many governments and populations, the ability to vaccinate against COVID-19 would be considered a celebration for public health. Whilst clinical trials usually take between ten and fifteen years to bring a vaccine into public circulation, the global spread of COVID-19 has required vaccine manufacturers to speed up their clinical trial process, before the vaccines are sent to health regulatory agencies such as NICE [National Institute for Health and Care Excellence] for approval. Whilst many remain hopeful for the development of a functioning vaccine, decisions to compress the clinical process by running trial phases simultaneously has generated anxiety about the vaccine's safety among segments of the population. Country-wide and regional lockdowns have exacerbated some individual's levels of anxiety, mental health issues and loneliness, in addition to an increasing amount of time spent on the internet and social media. For many with concerns about public health measures, Facebook groups promoting conspiracy theories provide easy answers to users desiring certainty."

Great Britain. HM Government

Arthurton, Lewis

2020-10
First Responder's Toolbox: Threat of Terrorism and Hate Crimes Against Jewish Communities in the United States

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From the Scope: "This product provides awareness of and suggestions for mitigating terrorist threats and hate crimes against Jewish communities. Law enforcement can use the following information as tools to identify terrorist threats, evidence of hate crimes, and the individuals or groups committing these crimes. Some images, speech, and activities that include anti-Semitic messages are First Amendment-protected."

National Counterterrorism Center (U.S.)

Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team

2020-08-04
Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 238, Special Envoy to Monitor and Combat Anti-Semitism Act

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This is the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Cost Estimate as reported by the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations on June 3, 2020. From the Document: "The State Department's Office of the Special Envoy to Monitor and Combat Anti-Semitism is headed by a Special Envoy who is appointed by the Secretary of State. S. 238 would elevate that position to the rank of ambassador and require that the Special Envoy be nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The bill also would codify that the ambassador would be responsible for coordinating federal efforts to reduce anti-Semitism in foreign countries."

United States. Congressional Budget Office

2020-06-05
Weaponising COVID-19: Far-Right Antisemitism in the United Kingdom and United States

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From the Introduction: "Far-right extremists have historically blamed Jewish people for a range of international problems and national crises, and the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] global pandemic is no different. There has been an explosion of antisemitic conspiracy theories online, populating social media channels as mainstream news coverage on the new coronavirus gathered pace. [...] [T]his report provides a concise overview of how the COVID-19 global pandemic is being exploited by far-right organisations in the UK and US in order to generate antisemitic violence and hatred. It also seeks to develop a critical understanding of how new instances of social crisis (such as the COVID-19 global pandemic) are being integrated into existing conspiratorial frameworks used by far-right organisations. As well as identifying areas of convergence between British and American far-right organisations in their antisemitic exploitation of the COVID-19 pandemic, the report also pinpoints potential instances of transatlantic collaboration on this front. The report focuses on antisemitic coronavirus-related material produced, uploaded, and shared by two far-right organisations - the British National Socialist Movement (BNSM) and the US based National Socialist Movement (NSM)."

Henry Jackson Society

Ehsan, Rakib

2020-05
How to Spot COVID-19 Conspiracy Theories

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From the Document: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic is a fertile breeding ground for conspiracy theories. When people suffer a loss of control or feel threatened, they become more vulnerable to believing conspiracies. For example, the Black Death in the 14th century inspired anti-Semitic hysteria and when cholera broke out in Russia in 1892, blame fell on doctors and crowds hunted down anybody in a white coat. How do we avoid being misled by baseless conspiracy theories? Conspiracy theories are identified by telltale thought patterns. Learning these patterns is key to inoculating ourselves and society against the corrosive influence of conspiracy theories."

George Mason University. Center for Climate Change Communication

Lewandowsky, Stephan; Cook, John; Ecker, Ullrich . . .

2020-05
Deadly New Virus Intersects with History's Oldest Hate: 'Report & Analysis'

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From the Introduction: "By now everyone is painfully aware that the twenty-first century lacks immunity to not only contagious diseases but ancient ideological plagues like anti-Semitism. The current moment is particularly dangerous because of new efforts to harm Jews by exploiting well-founded concerns about the Coronavirus. This essay puts under the microscope current examples of the threatening conjunction of anxieties about this new virus with thousand-year-old prejudices demonizing Jews not just as Christ killers and Shylocks but as disease purveyors. COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] is a novel virus, for which there is still no vaccine like that invented by Dr. Jonas Salk to end the scourge of polio; but the manipulation of such pandemics by anti-Semites has historical roots going back millennia. Our focus will be the highly-relevant history of what might be called 'medicalized' anti-Semitism."

Simon Wiesenthal Center

Brackman, Harold David

2020-04
Confronting the Rise in Anti-Semitic Domestic Terrorism, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Intelligence and Counterterrorism of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, Second Session, January 15, 2020

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This is the January 15, 2020 hearing "Confronting the Rise in Anti-Semitic Domestic Terrorism" held before the House Subcommittee on Intelligence and Counterterrorism of the Committee on Homeland Security. From the opening statement of Max Rose: "Over 100 years ago, my great grandfather came to New York City fleeing anti-Semitism, and he came to New York City and he came to America because this country is not just a country. It stands for something. It has been a beacon that if you are fleeing hate, it has been a beacon for freedom. Today we consider how can we ensure that our best days are not in our rearview mirror. We look forward to considering everything from appointing Federal officials, FBI, DHS Task Force. How do we regulate social media? How do we increase funding to make sure that no person is afraid to pray, whether at a church, a synagogue, a mosque? Today we consider the rise of anti-Semitism across the political spectrum because we realize this is not a problem for any political party, and this is not certainly something that we should subject to the hyper-partisanship and divisiveness that has taken over this town." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Jonathan Greenblatt, Nathan Diament, Clifford D. May, Eugene Kontorovich, John J. Miller, John R. Allen, and Paul Goldenberg.

United States. Government Publishing Office

2020
Confronting the Rise in Anti-Semitic Domestic Terrorism, Part II, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Intelligence and Counterterrorism of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, Second Session, February 26, 2020

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This is the February 26, 2020 hearing on "Confronting the Rise in Anti-Semitic Domestic Terrorism, Part II" before the House Subcommittee on Intelligence and Counterterrorism of the Committee on Homeland Security. From Max Rose's Opening Statement: "Today, we have representatives from the FBI and DHS to discuss the Federal Government's response to the rise in anti-Semitic domestic terrorism. I'm glad to see two representatives from DHS who briefed this committee earlier this month on the Department's approach to targeted violence and terrorism. I'm also glad to have FBI at the table. Their work countering all forms of terrorism is crucial--and I am looking forward to hearing how they are approaching the issue of anti-Semitic domestic terrorism." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Jill Sanborn, Elizabeth Neumann, and Brian Harrell.

United States. Government Publishing Office

2020
Coronavirus and the Plague of Antisemitism

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From the Introduction: "No matter how much genuine suffering there is, antisemites will always react to it by blaming Jews, and then find a way to spread their particular venom to others. The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic that is currently gripping the entire world is no exception. One example is the phenomenon of coordinated antisemitic 'zoombombing', whereby racists and trolls invade virtual synagogue services and other meetings that are held on Zoom and other video conferencing sites to spread antisemitic abuse. Another is the explosion of antisemitic conspiracy theories that began to populate social media as soon as news emerged of a dangerous new virus spreading across the world. CST [Community Security Trust] has tracked and recorded antisemitic posts on mainstream sites like Facebook and Twitter, and in more obscure corners of the internet where extremists gather, like 4Chan and Gab, all of which are consumed with the same hateful obsession: that the Jews must be behind this awful new menace, and that this crisis is the latest opportunity to spread their hatred."

Community Security Trust

2020
Executive Order 13899: Combating Anti-Semitism

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From Section 1: "Anti-Semitic incidents have increased since 2013, and students, in particular, continue to face anti-Semitic harassment in schools and on university and college campuses. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VI), 42 U.S.C. 2000d 'et seq.,' prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, and national origin in programs and activities receiving Federal financial assistance. While Title VI does not cover discrimination based on religion, individuals who face discrimination on the basis of race, color, or national origin do not lose protection under Title VI for also being a member of a group that shares common religious practices. Discrimination against Jews may give rise to a Title VI violation when the discrimination is based on an individual's race, color, or national origin. It shall be the policy of the executive branch to enforce Title VI against prohibited forms of discrimination rooted in anti-Semitism as vigorously as against all other forms of discrimination prohibited by Title VI."

United States. Office of the Federal Register

Trump, Donald, 1946-

2019-12-11
H. Res. 364: Resolution Condemning the Horrific Anti-Semitic Attack on the Chabad of Poway Synagogue near San Diego, California, on April 27, 2019, May 9, 2019

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From the Document: "'Resolved', That the House of Representatives-- (1) condemns the horrific anti-Semitic attack on the Chabad of Poway Synagogue near San Diego, California, on April 27, 2019, which killed 1 individual and injured 3 others; (2) honors the memory of Lori Gilbert Kaye, who was killed in the attack; (3) expresses hope for a full and speedy recovery for the individuals injured in the attack; (4) offers heartfelt condolences to-- (A) the Chabad of Poway congregation; (B) the San Diego area Jewish community; and (C) the friends and family of those individuals affected by the tragedy; (5) recognizes the dedicated service of the law enforcement emergency response officials and medical professionals who responded to the attack and cared for the victims; and (6) reaffirms the commitment of the United States to condemn-- (A) anti-Semitism; (B) White supremacy; (C) White nationalism; and (D) all forms of hatred."

United States. Government Publishing Office

2019-05-09
Public Law 115-434: Combating European Anti-Semitism Act of 2017

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From the Document: "An Act [t]o require continued and enhanced annual reporting to Congress in the Annual Report on International Religious Freedom on anti-Semitic incidents in Europe, the safety and security of European Jewish communities, and the efforts of the United States to partner with European governments, the European Union, and civil society groups, to combat anti-Semitism, and for other purposes."

United States. Government Publishing Office

2019-01-14
H. Rept. 115-1113: Legislative Review and Oversight Activities, Report, December 31, 2018

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From the Summary of Legislative Activity: "By unanimous consent, the chair called up the following measures and amendments, previously provided to members, to be considered 'en bloc': 1. H. Res. 54 [House Resolution] (Sires), Reaffirming the United States-Argentina partnership and recognizing Argentina's economic reforms; [...] 2. H. Res. 92 (Wilson), Condemning North Korea's development of multiple intercontinental ballistic missiles, and for other purposes; [...] 3. H. Res. 137 (Cicilline), Honoring the life of Shimon Peres. 4. H. Res. 145 (Torres), Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives regarding the fight against corruption in Central America; [...] 5. H. Res. 187 (Bass), Relating to efforts to respond to the famine in South Sudan; [...] 6. H.R. 390 (Smith), Iraq and Syria Genocide Emergency Relief and Accountability Act of 2017; [...] 7. H.R. 479 (Poe), North Korea State Sponsor of Terrorism Designation Act; [...] 8. H.R. 672 (Lowey), Combating European Anti-Semitism Act of 2017; [...] 9. H.R. 1644 (Royce), Korean Interdiction and Modernization of Sanctions Act."

United States. Government Publishing Office

2018-12-31
[November 27, 2018 Letter to the Acting Attorney General Matthew Whitaker, the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation Christopher A. Wray, and the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Kirstjen M. Nielsen]

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From the Letter: "As you are no doubt aware, Members of the House Judiciary Committee have written repeatedly to the Trump Administration and Chairman Goodlatte on matters related to domestic terrorism, countering violent extremism, domestic surveillance, and the unfair profiling of racial, religious, and ethnic minority groups. To date, we have received little or no substantive response to any of these communications. According to the latest FBI reporting, hate crimes increased 17 percent last year [...] The report also shows that hate crimes motivated by anti-Semitism rose by 27 percent. We have reason to believe that even these troubling numbers fail to capture the extent of the problem[.]"

United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary

Nadler, Jerrold

2018-11-27
Public Law 115-58: Joint Resolution Condemning the Violence and Domestic Terrorist Attack That Took Place During Events Between August 11 and August 12, 2017, in Charlottesville, Virginia, Recognizing the First Responders Who Lost Their Lives While Monitoring the Events, Offering Deepest Condolences to the Families and Friends of Those Individuals Who Were Killed and Deepest Sympathies and Support to Those Individuals Who Were Injured by the Violence, Expressing Support for the Charlottesville Community, Rejecting White Nationalists, White Supremacists, the Ku Klux Klan, Neo-Nazis, and Other Hate Groups, and Urging the President and the President's Cabinet to Use All Available Resources to Address the Threats Posed by Those Groups

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From the Document: "Whereas, on the night of Friday, August 11, 2017, a day before a White nationalist demonstration was scheduled to occur in Charlottesville, Virginia, hundreds of torch-bearing White nationalists, White supremacists, Klansmen, and neo-Nazis chanted racist, anti-Semitic, and anti-immigrant slogans and violently engaged with counter-demonstrators on and around the grounds of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville; Whereas, on Saturday, August 12, 2017, ahead of the scheduled start time of the planned march, protestors and counter-demonstrators gathered at Emancipation Park in Charlottesville; Whereas the extremist demonstration turned violent, culminating in the death of peaceful counter-demonstrator Heather Heyer and injuries to 19 other individuals after a neo-Nazi sympathizer allegedly drove a vehicle into a crowd, an act that resulted in a charge of second degree murder, 3 counts of malicious wounding, and 1 count of hit and run[.]"

United States. Government Publishing Office

2018-01-03
Examining Anti-Semitism on College Campuses, Hearing Before the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifteenth Congress, First Session, November 7, 2017

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This is the November 7, 2017 hearing on "Examining Anti-Semitism on College Campuses," held before the U.S. House Committee on the Judiciary. From the opening statement of Bob Goodlatte: "Racism, sexism, and anti-Semitism among other forms of animus are abhorrent whenever they appear, including on America's college campuses. While our Federal civil rights laws have long addressed discrimination based on race, sex, and ethnicity, a debate is ongoing whether anti-Semitism on college campuses warrants a unique response compared to how harassment based on race or sex, for example, is addressed. This hearing will examine that question among others." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Andrew Baker, Pamela Nadell, Abraham Cooper, Barry Trachtenberg, Paul Clement, Sandra Hagee Parker,Jonathan Greenblatt, Suzanne Nossel, and Ken Stern.

United States. Government Publishing Office

2018
Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 672, Combating European Anti-Semitism Act of 2017

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From the Document: "H.R. 672 would require the Department of State to expand its annual report on international religious freedom to provide more detailed information about anti-Semitism in Europe and efforts to combat it. On the basis of costs for similar requirements, CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing the bill would cost less than $500,000 over the 2018-2022 period; such spending would be subject to the availability of appropriated funds. Enacting H.R. 672 would not affect direct spending or revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply. CBO estimates that enacting H.R. 672 would not increase net direct spending or on-budget deficits in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2028. H.R. 672 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act and would not affect the budgets of state, local, or tribal governments. The CBO staff contact for this estimate is Sunita D'Monte. The estimate was approved by H. Samuel Papenfuss, Deputy Assistant Director for Budget Analysis."

United States. Congressional Budget Office

2017-04-07
Anti-Semitism Across Borders, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifteenth Congress, First Session, March 22, 2017

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This is the March 22, 2017 hearing titled, "Anti-Semitism Across Borders," held before the U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations of the Committee on Foreign Affairs. From the opening statement of Christopher H. Smith, U.S. Representative from New Jersey's 4th Congressional District and Chairman of the Subcommittee: "The Jewish people have survived and thrived from the times of biblical antiquity to the present day--quite a feat when you consider all of the civilizations that have come and gone: The Hittites, the Assyrians, the Egyptians, Persians, Greece, and Rome. The presence of Jews has enriched the cultures of many civilizations and countries, from the Americas, to Ethiopia, to China. But just as the Jewish people have endured, so too, has anti-Semite hatred. This hatred has ranged from prejudiced slurs whispered in private to the murder of more than 6 million Jews in the Holocaust. Seventy-two years after the Holocaust ended, anti-Semites continue to target the Jewish people for discrimination, destruction of property, and even death. This hearing will explore global threats to Jewish communities, the underlying ideologies, and what actions the United States and other countries and international organizations should take." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Paul Goldenberg, Stacy Burdett, Andrew Baker, and Mark Weitzman.

United States. Government Publishing Office

2017
CSCE 114-2-1: Update on the OSCE: Religious Freedom, Anti-Semitism, and the Rule of Law, Hearing Before the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, One Hundred Fourteenth Congress, Second Session, February 11, 2016

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This is the February 11, 2016 hearing on "Update on the OSCE: Religious Freedom, Anti-Semitism, and the Rule of Law" held before the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe. From the opening statement of Christopher H. Smith: "Today we'll discuss several human rights issues and human rights crises in Europe and Eurasia. With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, many people expected that freedom, democracy and peace would spread throughout Europe and Eurasia. And I remember-I have been in Congress now for 36 years, and we all talked about the peace dividend. Unfortunately, the peace dividend was very short on dividend, and new challenges very quickly emerged. And yet now the religious freedom of Christians and people of other faiths is being regularly violated. Russia invaded its neighbor Ukraine, illegally annexed Crimea, and is fueling and funding violent proxies in Eastern Donbas region of that country. Deadly anti-Semitism is again stalking European Jewish communities. The worst refugee and migrants' crisis in Europe since World War II has engulfed the entire continent. Autocrats are using the law and acting outside the law to crush democratic opposition to their despotism." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: David Schweikert, Michael Georg Link, Benjamin L. Cardin, and Bryan Ardouny.

United States. Government Publishing Office

2016

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