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Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation in South-Central Oregon
From the Abstract: "The South-Central Oregon Adaptation Partnership (SCOAP) was developed to identify climate change issues relevant for resource management on federal lands in south-central Oregon. [...] This science-management partnership assessed the vulnerability of natural resources to climate change and developed adaptation options that minimize negative impacts of climate change and facilitate transition of diverse ecosystems to a warmer climate. The vulnerability assessment focused on water resources and infrastructure, fisheries and aquatic organisms, vegetation, wildlife, recreation, and ecosystem services. The vulnerability assessment shows that the effects of climate change on hydrology in south-central Oregon will be highly significant. [...] Increased frequency and extent of wildfire and insect outbreaks will be the primary facilitator of vegetation change, in some cases leading to altered structure and function of ecosystems (e.g., more forest area in younger age classes). Vegetation change will alter wildlife habitat, with both positive and negative effects depending on animal species and ecosystem. [...] Recreationists modify their activities according to current conditions, but recreation management by federal agencies has generally not been so flexible. Of the ecosystem services considered in the assessment, timber supply and carbon sequestration may be affected. [...] Many existing management practices are already 'climate smart' or require minor adjustment to make them so. Long-term monitoring is needed to detect climate change effects on natural resources, and evaluate the effectiveness of adaptation options."
United States. Department of Agriculture; United States. Forest Service
Halofsky, Jessica E.; Peterson, David L.; Ho, Joanne J.
2019-09
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Contained or Contagious? The Future of Infectious Disease in Ageing Societies
From the Introduction: "Increased longevity should be celebrated as one of society's greatest accomplishments. However, there is still a lot of work to be done to adapt to the new profile of our ageing society if we are to maximise the potential benefits of longevity. And health systems have a key role to play in this. [...] [A]lthough we've made huge strides in combatting infectious disease, through improvements in hygiene and sanitation, clean water and preventative health interventions such as vaccinations, there is no room for complacency. Recent decades have seen renewed infectious disease pandemics. A number of risk factors are currently increasing the likelihood of future outbreaks: these include complacency around vaccination uptake, lack of awareness of the risks of infectious disease, anti-microbial resistance, climate change and global population migration. In an ageing society, in which more of the population have multiple conditions, there tends to be a higher incidence rate of infectious disease as well as a higher rate of medical complications resulting from disease."
International Longevity Center UK
Parsey, Lily
2019-09
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Changes in the Arctic: Background and Issues for Congress [Updated August 2, 2019]
From the Summary: "The diminishment of Arctic sea ice has led to increased human activities in the Arctic, and has heightened interest in, and concerns about, the region's future. The United States, by virtue of Alaska, is an Arctic country and has substantial interests in the region. Record low extents of Arctic sea ice over the past decade have focused scientific and policy attention on links to global climate change and projected ice-free seasons in the Arctic within decades. These changes have potential consequences for weather in the United States, access to mineral and biological resources in the Arctic, the economies and cultures of peoples in the region, and national security."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald; Comay, Laura B.; Folger, Peter (Peter Franklin) . . .
2019-08-02
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Regional Resilience Toolkit: 5 Steps to Build Large Scale Resilience to Natural Disasters
From the Introduction: "Cities, regions, and states across the country are facing natural disasters that can have devastating effects on life, property, the economy, and ecosystems. Climate change is already having observable effects on the environment, and past conditions are no longer a reliable indication of the type or extent of disasters communities will face in the future. As more and more communities face the effects of natural disasters, decision makers and community members need tools and guidance to help them take action that can both protect them from natural disasters while also creating great places to live, work, and play. This Regional Resilience Toolkit provides: [1] A coordinated process for meeting many different state and federal planning requirements. [2] Communication and outreach guidance and resources for engaging a broad coalition of stakeholders across a region. [3] Guidance for project teams who are conducting vulnerability assessments, writing required plans, and implementing projects. [4] Clear information and tools that can be used with an advisory group and to bring in decision makers and community leaders to guide the overall action plan and ensure its successful implementation. [5] Detailed appendices with worksheets to help inform and guide work, as well as additional information and resources for each step."
United States. Environmental Protection Agency; United States. Department of Homeland Security; Association of Bay Area Governments
Brechwald, Dana; Chakos, Arrietta; Hall, Abby . . .
2019-07
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Implications of Climate Change for the U.S. Army
From the Executive Summary: "Current conversations about climate change and its impacts are often rancorous and politically charged. As an organization that is, by law, non-partisan, the Department of Defense (DoD) is precariously unprepared for the national security implications of climate change-induced global security challenges. This study examines the implications of climate change for the United States Army. This includes national security challenges associated with or worsened by climate change, and organizational challenges arising from climate change-related issues in the domestic environment. Given that, the study's starting point is the implications of climate change for the U.S. Army, and the Army is therefore the focus of the analysis and recommendations. That said, much of the analysis involves DoD and other elements of the government, and most of the Army-specific recommendations have parallels that apply to other military services."
Army War College (U.S.)
Hill, Andrew A.; Jahn, Molly; Thomas, Nicole . . .
2019-07?
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Potential Impacts of Accelerated Climate Change
From the Abstract: "This study is part of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission's (NRC) Probabilistic Flood Hazard Assessment (PFHA) research plan that aims to develop regulatory tools and guidance to support and enhance the NRC's capacity to perform thorough and efficient reviews of license applications and license amendment requests. [...] Drawing primarily from the climate assessment reports and peer-reviewed literature, this Year 2 annual report summarizes the observed climate, its past changes, and its projected changes, as well as 21st century hydrologic impacts in the Southeast Region."
United States. Department of Energy; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (U.S.)
Leung, L.R.; Prasad, R.
2019-07
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Climate Change and Agricultural Risk Management into the 21st Century
From the Document: "This study uses statistical, geophysical, and economic models to explore the mechanisms by which climate change could affect future costs of farm safety net programs to the Federal Government. This approach first simulates the potential impact of climate change on yields of major commodities, then quantifies the implications of yield change on planting decisions and prices, which in turn affects the cost of risk management programs. This allows for analysis of three different pathways by which cost increases could occur: (1) the direct impact of climate on yield risk, (2) the indirect effect of yield risk on price risk, and (3) the impact of changed average yield, production, and price on the total value insured (liabilities). While farm safety net policies change over time, this study uses the current version of the FCIP's [Federal Crop Insurance Program] Revenue Protection program as a heuristic: a program that reduces both yield and price risk as past programs have, and as future policies may."
United States. Department of Agriculture
Crane-Droesch, Andrew; Marshall, Elizabeth; Rosch, Stephanie . . .
2019-07
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Climate Resilience: DOD Needs to Assess Risk and Provide Guidance on Use of Climate Projections in Installation Master Plans and Facilities Designs, Report to Congressional Requesters
From the Document: "DOD manages a global real-estate portfolio with an almost $1.2 trillion estimated replacement value. Since 2010, DOD has identified climate change as a threat to its operations and installations. In January 2019, DOD stated that the effects of a changing climate are a national security issue with potential impacts to the department's missions, operational plans, and installations. GAO [Government Accountability Office] was asked to assess DOD's progress in developing a means to account for potentially damaging weather in its facilities project designs."
United States. Government Accountability Office
Maurer, Diana
2019-06
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H. Rept. 116-85: To Require a Report on the Effects of Climate Change on the Coast Guard, and for Other Purposes, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, Report to Accompany H.R. 1322, May 24, 2019
From the Purpose: "The purpose of H.R. 1322 is to direct the Coast guard to submit a report on vulnerabilities of Coast Guard installations and mission capabilities resulting from the impacts of climate change over the next 20 years."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2019-05-24
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Hardrock Mining: Availability of Selected Data Related to Mining on Federal Lands
From the Document: "The federal government manages about 650 million acres, or 29 percent, of the 2.27 billion acres of land in the United States. Five land management agencies--the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), National Park Service (NPS), and Bureau of Reclamation in the Department of the Interior, and the Forest Service in the Department of Agriculture--manage about 96 percent of this federal land. These agencies manage the lands under their jurisdictions for a variety of uses. For example, BLM and the Forest Service manage their lands for multiple uses, such as mining, timber, wildlife conservation, grazing, and recreation. In addition to the land management agencies, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), within Interior, provides science about mineral resources, natural hazards, and the effects of climate and land-use change, among other things."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2019-05-16
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Pacific Islands [May 10, 2019]
From the Overview: "The Pacific Islands region in the Southwest Pacific is attracting increasing attention from U.S. foreign policy experts, largely driven by the People's Republic of China's (PRC's) expanding engagement in the region. Other concerns include climate change and sea level rise; challenges related to illegal fishing and the sustainability of fisheries in the region; and issues related to self-determination and decolonization. The region has strategic significance for the United States because it hosts key U.S. military installations and because Pacific nations are reliable supporters of U.S. diplomatic initiatives, particularly at the United Nations."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Lum, Thomas G. (Thomas Gong), 1961-; Vaughn, Bruce, 1963-
2019-05-10
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: The Effects of Climate Change on Homeland Security [video]
From the Webpage Description: "CHDS [Center for Homeland Defense and Security] alumni Dr. Michael Larranaga and Dr. John Comiskey discuss the results of their examination of the potential threats that climate change could have on the nation's homeland security and provide solutions to combat these growing threats. During their investigation, they concluded the data from the U.N and the U.S. National Climate Assessment is accurate, and that the effects of climate change could significantly hinder our ability to combat terrorism, respond to natural disasters, secure the borders, detect cyber threats, and build resilient communities. They also offer their recommendations for what the homeland security enterprise, as well as individuals, can do to prepare for and mitigate the risks associated with climate change." The duration of this video is 19 minutes and 55 seconds.
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Larrañaga, Michael D.; Comiskey, John G.
2019-05-10
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Integrating Social and Behavior Change in Climate Change Adaptation: An Introductory Guide
From the Introduction: "The purpose of this guide is to strengthen USAID's [United States Agency for International Development] understanding of SBC [social and behavior change] concepts and how to put them into practice to address climate change risks through integrated programming. More broadly, this guide can be used by USAID's implementing partners and development practitioners interested in learning more about the potential application of SBC in climate change adaptation efforts, and likewise using this knowledge in programming."
United States. Agency for International Development
2019-05
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 1322, a Bill to Require a Report on the Effects of Climate Change on the Coast Guard, and for Other Purposes, March 27, 2019
From the Document: "H.R. 1322 would require the Coast Guard (USCG) to report to the Congress, within one year, on the agency's potential vulnerability to climate-related hazards. For example, the bill would require the USCG to identify the 10 installations that are most vulnerable to risks of rising sea tides, increased flooding, droughts, desertification, wildfires, thawing permafrost, or any other risks identified by the Commandant. The bill would require the USCG to report on potential means of mitigating such risks to those installations and, more broadly, to discuss how climate-related changes affect the agency's operations, particularly with regard to humanitarian assistance. Using information from the USCG, CBO [Congressional Budget Office] expects that implementing H.R. 1322 would not significantly affect the federal budget. Based on the historical cost of similar efforts, CBO estimates that any change in federal spending to complete the required report--which would be subject to appropriation--would not exceed $500,000."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2019-04-25
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Drilling Under New Wyoming Leases on Hold as Judge Requires BLM to Reconsider Impacts on Climate [Change April 16, 2019]
From the Document: "A recent decision in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia Circuit has paused oil and gas exploration and production activity in certain leased areas of Wyoming and hinted at heightened requirements that the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) must satisfy to comply with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) before issuing oil and gas leases. Specifically, the decision will require BLM to conduct a more thorough review of the potential climate change impacts of certain oil and gas leases before allowing the lessees to conduct drilling operations."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Vann, Adam
2019-04-16
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Potential Implications of U.S. Withdrawal from the Paris Agreement on Climate Change [Updated April 5, 2019]
From the Document: "On June 1, 2017, President Trump announced his intent to withdraw the United States from the Paris Agreement (PA), an international accord to address climate change over the coming century. In a December 2018 meeting of the Parties, an official U.S. statement reiterated the intent to withdraw 'absent the identification of terms that are more favorable to the American people.' Congress may wish to consider implications of the President's intent in several dimensions: foreign policy, economic, environmental, and legal."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Leggett, Jane A.
2019-04-05
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Attaching a Price to Greenhouse Gas Emissions with a Carbon Tax or Emissions Fee: Considerations and Potential Impacts [March 22, 2019]
From the Document: "The U.S. Fourth National Climate Assessment, released in 2018, concluded that 'the impacts of global climate change are already being felt in the United States and are projected to intensify in the future--but the severity of future impacts will depend largely on actions taken to reduce greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions and to adapt to the changes that will occur.' Members of Congress and stakeholders articulate a wide range of perspectives over what to do, if anything, about GHG emissions, future climate change, and related impacts. If Congress were to consider establishing a program to reduce GHG emissions, one option would be to attach a price to GHG emissions with a carbon tax or GHG emissions fee. In the 115th Congress, Members introduced nine bills to establish a carbon tax or emissions fee program. However, many Members have expressed their opposition to such an approach. In particular, in the 115th Congress, the House passed a resolution 'expressing the sense of Congress that a carbon tax would be detrimental to the United States economy.'"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Ramseur, Jonathan L.; Leggett, Jane A.
2019-03-22
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Management of the Colorado River: Water Allocations, Drought, and the Federal Role [Updated March 21, 2019]
From the Document: "The Colorado River Basin covers more than 246,000 square miles in seven U.S. states (Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and California) and Mexico. Pursuant to federal law, the Bureau of Reclamation (part of the Department of the Interior) manages much of the basin's water supplies. Colorado River water is used primarily for agricultural irrigation and municipal and industrial (M&I) uses, but it also is important for power production, fish and wildlife, and recreational uses. In recent years, consumptive uses of Colorado River water have exceeded natural flows. This causes an imbalance in the basin's available supplies and competing demands. A drought in the basin dating to 2000 has raised the prospect of water delivery curtailments and decreased hydropower production, among other things. In the future, observers expect that increasing demand for supplies, coupled with the effects of climate change, will further increase the strain on the basin's limited water supplies."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Stern, Charles V.; Sheikh, Pervaze A.
2019-03-21
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Electric Grid Based on 100% Renewable Energy? [March 6, 2019]
From the Document: "A recent assessment by the U.S. Global Change Research Program found that if greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions continue at current rates and adaptation actions are not undertaken, climate change impacts will damage U.S. infrastructure, communities, and the economy. This finding combined with significant GHG emissions from the electric power industry has led to an increased focus on U.S. energy policy. With growing amounts of today's electricity coming from renewable sources, some stakeholders advocate a shift of U.S. national electric power generation to come from sources that do not emit carbon dioxide. Some observers see greater electrification of the U.S. economy (extending to the transportation sector and electric vehicles) as one way to mitigate climate change. In addition, there have been a variety of discussions advocating a Green New Deal, including the companion House and Senate resolutions, with some calling for U.S. electric power generation to come 100% from renewable electricity by 2030. For several years, experts have attempted to assess the technical feasibility, needed infrastructure, and potential costs and benefits of converting to electricity generated solely or predominantly from renewable sources."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Campbell, Richard J.
2019-03-06
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Management of the Colorado River: Water Allocations, Drought, and the Federal Role [March 1, 2019]
From the Document: "The Colorado River Basin covers more than 246,000 square miles in seven U.S. states (Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and California) and Mexico. Pursuant to federal law, the Bureau of Reclamation (part of the Department of the Interior) manages much of the basin's water supplies. Colorado River water is used primarily for agricultural irrigation and municipal and industrial (M&I) uses, but it also is important for power production, fish and wildlife, and recreational uses. In recent years, consumptive uses of Colorado River water have exceeded natural flows. This causes an imbalance in the basin's available supplies and competing demands. A drought in the basin dating to 2000 has raised the prospect of water delivery curtailments and decreased hydropower production, among other things. In the future, observers expect that increasing demand for supplies, coupled with the effects of climate change, will further increase the strain on the basin's limited water supplies."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Stern, Charles V.; Sheikh, Pervaze A.
2019-03-01
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Policy Summary: The Nexus of Fragility and Climate Risks
From the Introduction: "Coping with climate change and variability can be particularly challenging for fragile states. Fragility results when interactions between state and society fail to meet critical public needs, and the public accordingly perceives outcomes as illegitimate, ineffective, or both. Countries with high levels of fragility often have weak institutions and limited capacity to respond to climate-related challenges. Meanwhile, challenges posed by climate change and variability may heighten fragility by further straining a state's capacity to govern effectively and legitimately. Understanding where fragility and climate risks co-occur is important for both policy makers and development practitioners."
United States. Agency for International Development
Moran, Ashley; Busby, Joshua W.; Raleigh, Clionadh . . .
2019-03
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Brief Comparison of Two Climate Change Mitigation Approaches: Cap-and-Trade and Carbon Tax (Or Fee) [February 12, 2019]
From the Document: "Almost all climate scientists agree that greenhouse gas (GHG) emission increases have contributed to observed climate change and that continued increases in GHG emissions will contribute to future climate change. Although a variety of efforts seeking to reduce GHG emissions are currently underway on the international level and in individual states or regional partnerships, federal policymakers and stakeholders have different viewpoints over what to do--if anything--about GHG emissions, future climate change, and related impacts. For policymakers considering actions to reduce GHG emissions, various policy instruments are available. Over the last 15 years, many legislative proposals have involved market-based approaches, such as a GHG emissions cap-and-trade system or a carbon tax. These particular approaches may be considered in the 116th Congress and are discussed below. The information below provides an overview of two approaches while briefly addressing their similarities and differences."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Ramseur, Jonathan L.
2019-02-12
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Heat Waves and Human Health: Emerging Evidence and Experience to Inform Risk Management in a Warming World
From the Key Messages: "This report provides a starting point to inform risk management in a warming world with a specific emphasis on experiences in the developing world. It is structured as follows: [1] What are heat waves? describes the physical characteristics of extreme heat, including heat waves, and common indices used to assess and measure heat stress. [2] How do heat waves impact health? summarizes how heat waves directly and indirectly impact mortality and morbidity, describing dimensions of heat vulnerability. [3] Heat waves under a changing climate summarizes the likely changes to spatial and temporal aspects of heat waves under changing climatic conditions. [4] What is being done to manage heat risk? summarizes the global experience in developing robust preparedness, response and adaptation mechanisms, including HHAPs [heat-health action plans] and HEWSs [heat wave early warning system]. [5] Moving forward identifies critical gaps in managing heat risk and considers actions that can enrich the global response to heat waves."
United States. Agency for International Development. Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance
Ebi, Kristie L.; Zermoglio, Fernanda; Lee, Veronique
2019-02
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Creating a Climate Resilient America: Business Views on the Costs of the Climate Crisis, Hearing Before the Select Committee on the Climate Crisis, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, First Session, July 25, 2019
This is the July 25, 2019 hearing on "Creating a Climate Resilient America: Business Views on the Costs of the Climate Crisis" held before the U.S. House Select Committee on the Climate Crisis. From the opening statement of Kathy Castor:
"Today, we are examining the escalating risks and costs of the climate crisis. When we look at these risks, we see some big numbers. And when businesses across America look at the growing risks, they also see huge peril ahead. In 2017 alone, insurance companies paid out a record $135 billion in climate losses, with $100 billion just in the United States. The world's largest businesses estimate that they face nearly $1 trillion of climate-related risks. That is trillion with a T. The risks have gotten so large, the Federal Reserve is now interested. This fall, the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco is hosting its first conference on how the banking system will deal with climate change. The Fed has identified climate change as one of three forces transforming the economy this century, and experts there recognize the need to understand the financial implications of it to fulfill their obligation to foster financial stability." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Paula DiPerna, Garvin Jabusch, Jay Walker, and Francis Bouchard.
United States. Government Publishing Office
2019
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Hearing on the Costs of Climate Change: from Coasts to Heartland, Health to Security, Hearing Before the Committee on the Budget, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, First Session, Hearing Held in Washington, D.C., July 24, 2019
This is the July 24, 2019 hearing on "Costs of Climate Change: from Coasts to Heartland, Health to Security" held before the U.S. House Committee on the Budget. From the opening statement of John A. Yarmuth: "Today we will hear from experts on the looming threat of climate change to our coastal communities, agricultural economies, public health, and national security, and the implications for the federal budget. The devastating effects of climate change are already upon us. Families have lost their homes to record storms and raging wildfires, and lost loved ones to sicknesses stemming from heat waves and degraded air quality. Our farmers are grappling with changing growing seasons and declining crop yields, while approximately half of all U.S. military sites and two-thirds of the most critical installations are threatened by climate change. Without serious action, climate-related federal spending will continue to rise, and American families will not only have to grapple with the effects of climate change, they will have to foot the bill for the spiraling costs." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Ann Phillips, Stefani Grant, Georges Benjamin, David Titley, and Rich Powell.
United States. Government Publishing Office
2019
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Increasing Resiliency, Mitigating Risk: Examining the Research and Extension Needs of Producers, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Biotechnology, Horticulture, and Research of the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, First Session, June 12, 2019
This is the June 12, 2019 hearing on "Increasing Resiliency, Mitigating Risk: Examining the Research and Extension Needs of Producers," held before the U.S. House Subcommittee on Biotechnology, Horticulture, and Research of the Committee on Agriculture. From the Opening Statement of Stacey E. Plaskett: "[W]e have seen intense flooding in the Midwest, hurricanes in the Southeast, and wildfires out West. [...] These disasters, driven by an increasingly variable climate, pose serious threats to the domestic agricultural industry and the rural communities depending on this sector. [...] To remain economically viable and to protect already slim margins, producers seek to create resilient operations by mitigating risk when possible. Advancements in technology and management practices are made possible by robust agriculture research efforts, a topic that is squarely within the jurisdiction of this Subcommittee. [...] As we seek to develop mitigation and adaptation strategies aimed at combating climate change, farmers and agricultural researchers must have a seat at the table. Their understanding of working the land is vital, and their voices must be heard. Farmers and ranchers are an integral partner in the fight against climate change." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: David W. Wolfe, Robert W. Godfrey, Brise S. Tencer, Sam Godwin, and Fred G. Gmitter.
United States. Government Publishing Office
2019
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Courage Under Fire: Examining Government Preparedness and Response to Wildfires in California, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Environment of the Committee on Oversight and Reform, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, First Session, August 20, 2019
This is the August 20, 2019 hearing on "Courage Under Fire: Examining Government Preparedness and Response to Wildfires in California," held before the U.S. House Subcommittee on Environment of the Committee on Oversight and Reform. From the Opening Statement of Harley Rouda: "First, we will examine the status of the recovery from the two deadliest wildfires in the state's history in 2017 and 2018, as well as challenges we are facing going into the peak of the 2019 wildfire season. [...] The second goal of this hearing is to underscore the enormous public health consequences of wildfires, especially when fires ravage densely populated areas. [...] Finally, this hearing will demonstrate that if we in the Federal Government do not take action on climate change, we are digging our own graves fire by fire, hurricane by hurricane, heatwave by heatwave." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Robert Fenton, Randy Moore, Mark Ghilarducci, Dan Johnson, Max Moritz, Afif El-Hasan, Brent Berkompas, and Drew Smith.
United States. Government Publishing Office
2019
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Major Coral Reefs of Maui Nui, Hawai'i--Distribution, Physical Characteristics, Oceanographic Controls, and Environmental Threats
From the Executive Summary: "Coral reefs are widely recognized as critical to Hawaiʻi's economy, food resources, and protection from damaging storm waves. Yet overfishing, land-based pollution, and climate change are threatening the health and sustainability of those reefs, and accordingly, both the Federal and State governments have called for protection and effective management. In 2000, the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force stated that 20 percent of coral reefs should be protected by 2010. In 2016, the Governor of Hawaiʻi committed to effective management of 30 percent of Hawaiian coastal habitats by 2030 to protect coral reefs. At present, the amount of coral protected in the main Hawaiian Islands is less than 1 percent. Most of the large, highly diverse coral reef tracts in the main Hawaiian Islands surround the four islands of Maui, Molokaʻi, Lānaʻi, and Kahoʻolawe, collectively known as Maui Nui. This report provides fundamental information on the location, extent, coral cover, threats, and connectivity of these major coral reef tracts in Maui Nui essential for identifying areas for management and protection."
United States. Department of the Interior; Geological Survey (U.S.)
Field, Michael E.; Storlazzi, Curt D.; Gibbs, Ann E. . . .
2019
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Improving the Federal Response: Perspectives on the State of Emergency Management, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Recovery of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, First Session, March 13, 2019
This is the March 13, 2019 hearing titled "Improving the Federal Response: Perspectives on the State of Emergency Management," held before the House Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Recovery of the Committee on Homeland Security. From the opening statement of Donald M. Payne Jr.: "As we have seen the last few years, disasters are affecting communities across America more frequently and more intensely. Storms are getting worse. Climate change will only continue that trend, unfortunately. […] Research shows that for every dollar we invest in mitigation funding, we save $6 from reduced damage after a disaster. However, FEMA's Pre-Disaster Mitigation Fund still gets shortchanged every year. That needs to change. This is not just true for disasters, but all aspects of preparedness. States and local governments need more support in preparing for terrorist attacks, too. As the nature of terrorism threats are changing, with increasing lone-wolf and domestic extremist attacks, State and local governments need Federal assistance to build up their response capabilities." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Louis V. Bucchere, Steve Reaves, Martin "Marty" Senterfitt, and James Waters.
United States. Government Publishing Office
2019
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Climate Change, Part I: The History of a Consensus and the Causes of Inaction, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Environment of the Committee on Oversight and Reform, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, First Session, April 9, 2019
This is the April 9, 2019 hearing titled "Climate Change, Part I: The History of a Consensus and the Causes of Inaction," held before the House Subcommittee on Environment of the Committee on Oversight and Reform. From the opening statement of Harley Rouda: "The subcommittee will come to order. Without objection, the chair is authorized to declare a recess of the committee at any time. This committee is convening the first in a series of hearings on climate change and the history of a consensus and the causes of inaction." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Jeffrey Sachs, Tim Wirth, Michael Oppenheimer, and Nicolas Loris.
United States. Government Publishing Office
2019
