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Selected Homeland Security Issues in the 116th Congress [Updated November 26, 2019]
From the Document: "In 2001, in the wake of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 'homeland security' went from being a concept discussed among a relatively small cadre of policymakers and strategic thinkers to one broadly discussed among policymakers, including a broad swath of those in Congress. Debates over how to implement coordinated homeland security policy led to the passage of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (P.L. 107-296), the establishment of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and extensive legislative activity in the ensuing years. Initially, homeland security was largely seen as counterterrorism activities. Today, homeland security is a broad and complex network of interrelated issues, in policymaking terms. For example, in its executive summary, the Quadrennial Homeland Security Review issued in 2014 delineated the missions of the homeland security enterprise as follows: prevent terrorism and enhance security; secure and manage the borders; enforce and administer immigration laws; safeguard and secure cyberspace; and strengthen national preparedness and resilience. This report compiles a series of Insights by CRS [Congressional Research Services] experts across an array of homeland security issues that may come before the 116th Congress."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Painter, William L.; DeVine, Michael E.; Finklea, Kristin . . .
2019-11-26
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CBP, ICE, TSA, and Secret Service Have Taken Steps to Address Illegal and Prescription Opioid Use
From the Document: "We determined that from fiscal years 2015 through 2018, in the midst of a growing opioid epidemic, U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), Transportation Security Administration (TSA), and United States Secret Service (Secret Service) appropriately disciplined employees whose drug test results indicated illegal opioid use, based on their employee standards of conduct and tables of offenses and penalties. Additionally, during the same period, components either have implemented or are taking steps to evaluate whether employees using prescription opioids can effectively conduct their duties. For example, components established policies prohibiting the use of prescription opioids that may impact an employee's ability to work, in addition to requiring employees to report such prescription opioid use. Components have also implemented or are in the process of implementing measures to evaluate the fitness for duty of employees using prescription opioids. These policies establish consistent standards components can use to ensure they are allowing employees to use legally prescribed opioids, while also ensuring their workforce is capable of effectively performing their duties."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General
2019-11-21
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Israel and the Palestinians: Chronology of a Two-State Solution [Updated November 20, 2019]
From the Document: "The idea of a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict developed gradually in the years after Israel captured the West Bank and Gaza Strip in the 1967 ArabIsraeli war. This product highlights the evolution of this idea. In 2002, U.S. policy became explicitly supportive of creating a Palestinian state alongside Israel. Since then, unsuccessful negotiating efforts and other developments have led many observers to doubt the viability of a twostate solution. These doubts have grown during the Trump Administration amid speculation that the plan the Administration has pledged to release may use economic measures to elicit Palestinian concessions on core issues of dispute with Israelis (security, borders, settlements, Jerusalem, Palestinian refugees), without specifically calling for an independent Palestinian state."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Zanotti, Jim
2019-11-20
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Test Results for Write-Protected Drive: Apricorn ASK3z Secure Key Firmware Version 0401
From the Introduction: "The Computer Forensics Tool Testing (CFTT) program is a joint project of the Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate (DHS S&T), the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Programs Office and Information Technology Laboratory (ITL). CFTT is supported by other organizations, including the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the U.S. Department of Defense Cyber Crime Center, U.S. Internal Revenue Service Criminal Investigation Division Electronic Crimes Program, and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security's Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Secret Service. The objective of the CFTT program is to provide measurable assurance to practitioners, researchers, and other applicable users that the tools used in computer forensics investigations provide accurate results. Accomplishing this requires the development of specifications and test methods for computer forensics tools and subsequent testing of specific tools against those specifications."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Science and Technology Directorate
2019-11-20
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Major Management and Performance Challenges Facing the Department of Homeland Security [November 2019]
From the Document "Pursuant to the 'Reports Consolidation Act of 2000', the Office of Inspector General must issue an annual statement summarizing what the Inspector General considers the most serious management and performance challenges facing the Department of Homeland Security and assessing its progress in addressing them. [...] Based on our recent and prior audits, inspections, special reviews, and investigations, we consider the most serious management and performance challenges currently facing DHS to be: [1] Managing Programs and Operations Effectively and Efficiently during times of Changes in Leadership, Vacancies, and Hiring Difficulties; [2] Coordinating Efforts to Address the Sharp Increase in Migrants Seeking to Enter the United States through our Southern Border; [3] Ensuring Cybersecurity in an Age When Confidentiality, Integrity, and the Availability of Information Technology Are Essential to Mission Operations; [4] Ensuring Proper Financial Planning, Payments, and Internal Controls; and [5] Improving FEMA's Disaster Response and Recovery Efforts."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General
2019-11-13
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Antidumping and Countervailing Duties: Information on Actions by Commerce and CBP to Address Reported Weaknesses in Duty Collection Processes, Briefing for Senate and House Appropriations Homeland Security Subcommittees
From the Document: "The United States assesses antidumping (AD) duties on products imported at unfairly low prices and countervailing (CV) duties on products subsidized by foreign governments to address injury to domestic industries. The U.S. system for determining AD/CV duties involves the setting of an initial estimated duty rate upon the entry of goods into U.S. commerce, followed by the retrospective assessment of a final duty rate. The Department of Commerce (Commerce) sets an initial estimated AD/CV duty rate, based on a calculation of the estimated margin of dumping or the estimated amount of subsidy, and later determines a final duty rate based on the actual amount of dumping or subsidization that occurred. U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is responsible for collecting the estimated duties owed at the time of entry, which are based on the initial rate. [...] In 2016, we reported that CBP continued to face challenges collecting payment on supplemental AD/CV duty bills, attributable in part to the U.S. government's retrospective assessment of final duties owed and the complex and lengthy process for determining final AD/CV duty rates. According to Commerce, the United States is the only major user of AD/CV duty trade remedies that implements a retrospective system of duty assessment."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2019-11-07
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Hiring in Rural States (Fiscal Year 2019 Report to Congress)
From the Executive Summary: "Hiring and retention of a qualified workforce continues to be a top priority for DHS in order to ensure mission readiness to safeguard the American people, our homeland, and our values. While much attention is placed in areas where there is a large DHS presence, such as the Southwest Border, DHS must ensure that it can operate fully and effectively in all parts of the United States, including in states with small populations. The purpose of this report is to describe the challenges in hiring and retaining staff in rural and noncontiguous states. This report contains data and analysis on these challenges and the effect that vacancies have on the Department's ability to accomplish its mission in these states."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Directorate for Management
2019-11-07
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Global Terrorism: Threats to the Homeland, Hearing Before the House Committee on Homeland Security, Testimony of Mr. Russell Travers, Acting Director, National Counterterrorism Center, Office of the Director of National Intelligence
From the Testimony: "The US and its allies continue to pursue an aggressive global campaign against a complex array of terrorist actors. Operating across Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, US and partner forces have killed or captured thousands of terrorist leaders and operatives since September 11th, exemplified this past weekend in the heroic removal of the brutal ISIS [Islamic State of Syria and Iraq] in Iraq and Syria leader, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. These removals degrade the ability of terrorists to organize, communicate, and strike the US. Working unilaterally or with partner-nations, the US has disrupted numerous attack plots, saving the lives of countless potential victims. At home, federal, state, and local intelligence and law enforcement agencies--working in close cooperation--continue to counter terrorist activity. Enhanced border security efforts have constrained groups' ability to infiltrate the US, and we now assess the most predominant terrorist threat to the Homeland to emanate from US-based lone actors. Additionally, the US government and private sector allies have made significant strides curtailing terrorists' online presence."
United States. Office of the Director of National Intelligence
Travers, Russell E.
2019-10-30
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Antidumping/Countervailing Duty Collection of New Shipper Single Entry Bonds (Fiscal Year 2019 Report to Congress)
From the Document: "This report provides information concerning each Antidurnping/ Countervailing Duty (AD/CVD) order for which more than $25 million in assessed AD/CVDs secured by single entry bonds (SEB) accepted by CBP [U.S. Customs and Border Protection] pursuant to 19 U.S.C. § 1675(a)(2)(B)(iii) remains uncollected more than 2 years after the dates of liquidation of the secured entries."
U.S. Customs and Border Protection
2019-10-22
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Georgia: Background and U.S. Policy [Updated October 17, 2019]
From the Document: "Georgia is one of the United States' closest partners among the states that gained their independence after the USSR collapsed in 1991. With a history of strong economic aid and security cooperation, the United States has deepened its strategic partnership with Georgia since Russia's 2008 invasion of Georgia and 2014 invasion of Ukraine. U.S. policy expressly supports Georgia's sovereignty and territorial integrity within its internationally recognized borders, and Georgia is a leading recipient of U.S. aid to Europe and Eurasia. Many observers consider Georgia to be one of the most democratic states in the post-Soviet region, even as the country faces ongoing governance challenges. The center-left Georgian Dream-Democratic Georgia party (GD) holds a dominant political position, with about 70% of seats in parliament. Although Georgia faces high rates of poverty and underemployment, its economy has performed better since 2017 than it did in the previous four years."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Welt, Cory
2019-10-17
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Comparing DHS Component Funding, FY2020: In Brief [October 15, 2019]
From the Document: "The homeland security appropriations bill includes all annual appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), providing resources to every departmental component. This report reviews the budget authority provided to DHS for FY2019 and requested by the Trump Administration for FY2020, as well as the funding levels proposed by the House and Senate Appropriations Committees in their reported legislation for FY2020. In the process, it also includes information on DHS funding from two enacted FY2019 supplemental appropriations measures: P.L. 116-20, a disaster relief supplemental; and P.L. 116-26, a supplemental appropriations bill funding humanitarian and security operations at the U.S.-Mexico border. The report provides a look at the resources available to DHS components that are described in appropriations committee reports, and examines 'net discretionary annual appropriations' for DHS--a perspective on the net impact of legislation funding DHS on congressionally tracked budget totals."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Painter, William L.
2019-10-15
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Unaccompanied Alien Children: An Overview [Updated October 9, 2019]
From the Summary: "The number of unaccompanied alien children (UAC, unaccompanied children) apprehended at the Southwest border between U.S. ports of entry while attempting to enter the United States without authorization has increased substantially in recent years: from 16,067 in FY2011 to 24,481 in FY2012 to 38,759 in FY2013. In FY2014, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Customs and Border Protection (CBP) apprehended 68,541 UAC, a record at that time. Since FY2014, UAC apprehensions have fluctuated considerably, declining to 39,970 in FY2015, increasing to 59,692 in FY2016, declining to 41,435 in FY2017, and increasing to 50,036 in FY2018. In the first 11 months of FY2019, they reached 72,873, a level that now exceeds the FY2014 peak."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Kandel, William
2019-10-09
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Legal Authority to Repurpose Funds for Border Barrier Construction [Updated October 2, 2019]
From the Document: "President Trump has prioritized the construction of border barriers along the U.S.-Mexico border. Over the course of negotiations for FY2019 appropriations, the Administration asked Congress to appropriate $5.7 billion to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) for that purpose. When Congress appropriated $1.375 billion to DHS for border fencing, the President announced that his Administration would fund the construction of border barriers by repurposing funds appropriated to the Department of Defense (DOD) and transferring funds from the Department of the Treasury."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Elsea, Jennifer K.; Liu, Edward C.; Hayes, Benjamin
2019-10-02
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Vision and Strategy 2030 Air and Marine Operations: 'Safeguarding the Nation from the Air and Sea'
From the Executive Summary: "The mission of Air and Marine Operations (AMO) is to safeguard our nation by anticipating and confronting security threats through our aviation and maritime law enforcement expertise, innovative capabilities, and partnerships at the border and beyond. We achieve our mission by monitoring thousands of miles of air, maritime, and land borders around the clock; defending the United States against terrorist threats; detecting and deterring illicit trafficking in persons, drugs, weapons, money, and other goods; and disrupting criminal networks. AMO Vision and Strategy 2030 ties together a diverse set of mission areas with a unified roadmap that accounts for emerging threats, current and forecasted trends at home and abroad, and a structured plan for ensuring we continue to realize our vision--to be the nation's leading aviation and maritime law enforcement organization--over the next 10 years."
U.S. Customs and Border Protection
2019-10
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Homeland Security Acquisitions: Opportunities Exist to Further Improve DHS's Oversight of Test and Evaluation Activities, Report to Congressional Requesters
From the Highlights: "DHS invests several billion dollars in major acquisition programs each year to support its many missions. Conducting T&E [test and evaluation] of program capabilities is a critical aspect of DHS's acquisition process to ensure systems work as intended before being delivered to end users, such as Border Patrol agents. GAO [Government Accountability Office] was asked to review DHS's T&E activities for major acquisition programs. This report examines, among other objectives, the extent to which DHS has (1) assessed programs' test results and used this information to make acquisition decisions; (2) policies and guidance that reflect key T&E practices; and (3) a workforce to effectively oversee programs' T&E activities."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2019-10
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2019 Global Health Security Index: Building Collective Action and Accountability
From the Executive Summary: "Biological threats--natural, intentional, or accidental--in any country can pose risks to global health, international security, and the worldwide economy. Because infectious diseases know no borders, all countries must prioritize and exercise the capabilities required to prevent, detect, and rapidly respond to public health emergencies. Every country also must be transparent about its capabilities to assure neighbors it can stop an outbreak from becoming an international catastrophe. In turn, global leaders and international organizations bear a collective responsibility for developing and maintaining robust global capability to counter infectious disease threats. This capability includes ensuring that financing is available to fill gaps in epidemic and pandemic preparedness. These steps will save lives and achieve a safer and more secure world. [...] The GHS [Global Health Security] Index is intended to be a key resource in the face of increasing risks of high-consequence and globally catastrophic biological events and in light of major gaps in international financing for preparedness. These risks are magnified by a rapidly changing and interconnected world; increasing political instability; urbanization; climate change; and rapid technology advances that make it easier, cheaper, and faster to create and engineer pathogens."
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Nuclear Threat Initiative; Economist Intelligence Unit (New York, N.Y.)
Cameron, Elizabeth E.; Nuzzo, Jennifer B.; Bell, Jessica . . .
2019-10
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Immigration Enforcement Actions: 2018
From the Introduction: "The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) engages in immigration enforcement actions to prevent unlawful entry into the United States and to apprehend and repatriate aliens who have violated or failed to comply with U.S. immigration laws. The primary responsibility for the enforcement of immigration law within DHS rests with U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). CBP primarily enforces immigration laws along the borders and at ports of entry (POE), ICE is responsible for interior enforcement and detention and removal operations, and USCIS adjudicates applications and petitions for immigration and naturalization benefits. The '2018 Immigration Enforcement Actions Annual Flow Report', authored by the DHS Office of Immigration Statistics (OIS), presents information on DHS immigration enforcement actions during 2018. This includes determinations of inadmissibility by CBP Office of Field Operations (OFO) officers, apprehensions by CBP U.S. Border Patrol (USBP) agents, and ICE administrative arrests, initiations of removal proceedings, intakes into immigration detention, and repatriation through removal or return."
United States. Office of Immigration Statistics
Guo, Mike; Baugh, Ryan
2019-10
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Military Funding for Southwest Border Barriers [Updated September 27, 2019]
From the Document: "The Department of Defense (DOD, or the Department) has played a prominent role in the Trump Administration's border security strategy because of controversies related to $13.3 billion in defense funding it has sought to use for border barrier construction projects not otherwise authorized by Congress. These defense funds would comprise a complex mix of DOD program savings and unobligated military construction funds from past years ($6.1 billion), as well as a request for new appropriations in FY2020 ($7.2 billion). An additional $2 billion in non-DOD appropriations are often cited as part of the Administration's overall border funding plan. These include $1.375 billion in previously enacted FY2019 Department of Homeland Security (DHS) appropriations, and $601 million in contributions from a Treasury Forfeiture Fund (TFF) that manages seized assets. Altogether, these defense and non-defense funds would total $15.3 billion, of which 87% would be DOD funds."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Mann, Christopher T.
2019-09-27
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Removal of Aliens Claiming U.S.-Born Children: Second Half, Calendar Year 2018 (Fiscal Year 2018 Report to Congress)
From the Legislative Language: "This document responds to the reporting requirements set forth in the Joint Explanatory Statement and House Report 115-239, which accompany the Fiscal Year 2018 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 115-141). The Joint Explanatory Statement includes the following provision: The Department shall continue to submit quarterly Border Security Status reports and data on the deportation of parents of U.S.-born children semiannually, as in prior years. House Report 115-239 states: Consistent with prior years, ICE [U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement] shall also continue submitting semiannual reports to the Committees on the removal of parents of U.S. citizen minors. This report has been prepared pursuant to the report language and covers data for the second half of calendar year (CY) 2018, from July 1, 2018, through December 31, 2018."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
2019-09-27
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H. Rept. 116-217: Providing for Consideration of the Bill (H.R. 2203) to Increase Transparency, Accountability, and Community Engagement Within the Department of Homeland Security, Provide Independent Oversight of Border Security Activities, Improve Training for Agents and Officers of U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and for Other Purposes; Providing for Consideration of the Bill (H.R. 3525) to Amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to Direct the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection to Establish Uniform Processes for Medical Screening of Individuals Interdicted Between Ports of Entry, and for Other Purposes; Providing for Consideration of the Resolution (H. Res. 576) Expressing the Sense of the House of Representatives with Respect to the Whistleblower Complaint of August 12, 2019, Made to the Inspector General of the Intelligence Community; and for Other Purposes, Report to Accompany H. Res. 577, September 24, 2019
From the Document: "The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 2203, the Homeland Security Improvement Act, under a closed rule. The resolution provides one hour of debate equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on Homeland Security. The resolution waives all points of order against consideration of the bill. The resolution provides that an amendment in the nature of a substitute consisting of the text of Rules Committee Print 116-27, modified by the amendment printed in this report, shall be considered as adopted and the bill, as amended, shall be considered as read. The resolution waives all points of order against provisions in the bill, as amended. The resolution provides one motion to recommit with or without instructions. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 3525, the U.S. Border Patrol Medical Screening Standards Act, under a closed rule."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2019-09-24
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Effects of Rules Committee Print 116-27, the Homeland Security Improvement Act
of 2019, as Reported by the House Committee on Homeland Security, with Modifications
From the Document: "Rules Committee Print 116-27, a modified version of the text of H.R. 2203, as reported by the House Committee on Homeland Security, would make several changes to immigration policy and to the operations and oversight of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Among those changes, section 208 of the bill would terminate DHS's Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP) and U.S. Customs and Border Protection's policy of limiting the number of prospective asylum applicants who may cross the international border based on the space available at the port of entry (known as metering). Ending MPP and metering would allow more aliens (non-U.S. nationals) who have expressed a fear of returning to their country of nationality to enter the United States while awaiting removal proceedings before an immigration judge. It is at such proceedings that affected aliens have the opportunity to seek relief from removal."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2019-09-24
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S&T is Not Effectively Coordinating Research and Development Efforts Across DHS
From the Document: "S&T [Science and Technology Directorate] did not fully comply with requirements of the 'Homeland Security Act of 2002', as amended, by not effectively coordinating and integrating department-wide R&D [research and development] activities. In August 2015, S&T established IPTs [Integrated Product Team] as the central mechanism to identify, track, and coordinate department-wide priority R&D efforts. However, S&T did not follow its IPT process as intended. Specifically: [1] not all components submitted all information on capability gaps to the IPTs because some components believed they were not required to do so, and S&T believed it did not have the authority to enforce the requirement; [2] S&T did not effectively gather, track, and manage data on the Department's R&D gaps and activities because the tools it had to capture the data were redundant, and S&T had not developed policies and procedures for integrating the data from them into a single, comprehensive database; and, [3] S&T did not adequately monitor the IPT process to ensure it was effective because, according to S&T, it had limited staffing and the IPT process is restructuring. Consequently, S&T may not be able to provide the Secretary of Homeland Security and Congress with an accurate profile of the Department's R&D activities or funding needs for a wide range of missions, including securing the border, detecting nuclear devices, and screening airline passengers."
United States. Department of Defense. Office of the Inspector General
2019-09-18
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H. Rept. 116-211: U.S. Border Patrol Medical Screening Standards Act, Report Together with Minority Views to Accompany H.R. 3525, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, September 18, 2019
From the Purpose and Summary: "H.R. 3525, the 'U.S. Border Patrol Medical Screening Standards Act,' improves on existing medical screenings performed by U.S. Border Patrol. The bill requires U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), in conjunction with the Chief Medical Officer (CMO) of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS or Department), to establish uniform standards and training for an initial medical screening of all individuals apprehended by U.S. Border Patrol, with priority given to children under the age of 18. The bill provides deadlines for screenings to be completed and specifies elements that must be a part of the screening. These efforts would establish a consistent medical screening process to be carried out by trained personnel at all U.S. borders. To further improve medical screenings by U.S. Border Patrol, H.R. 3525 requires the Department to establish a pediatric medical presence along the border, research innovative solutions to address any capability gaps, and mandates the use of electronic health records for individuals in DHS custody. These are critical steps to safeguard against further deaths at our borders."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2019-09-18
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Legal Authority to Repurpose Funds for Border Barrier Construction [September 10, 2019]
From the Document: "President Trump has prioritized the construction of border barriers along the U.S.-Mexico border. Over the course of negotiations for FY2019 appropriations, the Administration asked Congress to appropriate $5.7 billion to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) for that purpose. When Congress appropriated $1.375 billion to DHS for border fencing, the President announced that his Administration would fund the construction of border barriers by repurposing funds appropriated to the Department of Defense (DOD) and transferring funds from the Department of the Treasury."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Elsea, Jennifer; Hayes, Benjamin; Liu, Edward C.
2019-09-10
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Department of Homeland Security: Review of Report on Agency Estimates of Foreign Nationals Unlawfully Residing in the U.S., Letter to Congressional Committees
This is a September 10, 2019 letter and draft report regarding a Department of Homeland Security Review, from Rebecca Gambler, Director of Homeland Security and Justice. From the Letter: "Under U.S. immigration law, there are various types of immigration benefits that provide lawful immigration status or presence in the United States on a temporary or permanent basis. Foreign nationals in the United States without valid immigration status or protection are unlawfully present. Information about the size and composition of the unlawfully present population can help inform immigration and border security-related policy decisions. The Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) Office of Immigration Statistics (OIS) has the primary responsibility for collecting and disseminating statistical information and analysis used in evaluating the impacts of immigration laws, migration flows, and immigration enforcement."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2019-09-10
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S. Rept. 116-94: Protecting America's Food and Agriculture Act of 2019, Report to Accompany S. 2107, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, September 10, 2019
From the Purpose and Summary: "The purpose of S. 2107, the Protecting America's Food & Agriculture Act of 2019, is to ensure the safe and secure trade of food and agriculture across our nation's borders by properly staffing ports of entry with trained agricultural inspection personnel. This bill authorizes the Commissioner of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) under the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to hire, train and assign 240 new Agricultural Specialists above attrition levels each year until the total number is equal to or sustains the staffing requirements identified in the Agriculture Resource Allocation Model. The bill also authorizes CBP to hire, train, and assign 200 new Agriculture Technicians every year until the total number is equal to or sustains the staffing requirements identified in the Mission and Operational Support Resource Allocation Model. In addition, CBP may hire, train and assign 20 agriculture canine teams each year for the first three fiscal years following the enactment of this bill. The bill also authorizes funding to support the hiring and training of the specialists, technicians and canine teams. The bill also requires the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to provide a report to Congress on the coordination and effectiveness of inspections by CBP, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and other Federal agencies, and the training and working environment of Agricultural Specialists."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2019-09-10
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Congress and the War in Yemen: Oversight and Legislation 2015-2019 [Updated September 6, 2019]
From the Summary: "This CRS [Congressional Research Service] report provides an overview of the role Congress has played in shaping U.S. policy toward the conflict in Yemen, with summary tables providing information on various legislative proposals considered in the 114th , 115th , and 116th Congresses. These proposals have reflected a range of congressional perspectives and priorities, including [1] the authorization of the activities of the U.S. Armed Forces related to the conflict; [2] the extent of U.S. logistical, material, advisory, and intelligence support for the coalition led by Saudi Arabia; [3] the approval, disapproval, or conditioning of U.S. arms sales to Saudi Arabia; [4] the appropriation of funds for U.S. operations in support of the Saudi-led coalition; [5] the conduct of the Saudi-led coalition's air campaign and its adherence to international humanitarian law and the laws of armed conflict; [6] the demand for greater humanitarian access to Yemen; [7] the call for a wider government assessment of U.S. policy toward Yemen and U.S. support to parties to the conflict; [8] the nature and extent of U.S.-Saudi counterterrorism and border security cooperation; and [9] the role of Iran in supplying missile technology and other weapons to the forces of the Houthi movement."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sharp, Jeremy Maxwell; Collins, Sarah R.; Blanchard, Christopher M.
2019-09-06
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DHS Border Barrier Funding [Updated September 6, 2019]
From the Introduction: "Congress and the Donald J. Trump Administration are debating enhancing and expanding barriers on the southwest border. The extent of these barriers, and how construction of these barriers will be funded has become a central part of the interactions between Congress and the Trump Administration on border security and funding legislation for the broader federal government. An authoritative compilation of data on the details of federal investment in border barriers is missing from the debate. [...] This report briefly contextualizes the history of U.S. enforcement of the U.S.-Mexico border, before turning to funding for border barriers within the contemporary period, accounting for changing appropriations structures."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Painter, William L.; Singer, Audrey
2019-09-06
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 1639, CBP Workload Staffing Model Act
This is the September 5, 2019 Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate as reported by the House Committee on Homeland Security on March 28, 2019. From the Document: "H.R. 1639 would direct the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to develop and implement a workload staffing model and a workforce tracking system for the Border Patrol (BP) and for Customs Air and Marine Operations (AMO). The bill would require the DHS Inspector General (IG) to review the staffing model."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2019-09-05
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Memorandum for Acting Under Secretary of Defense, (Comptroller)/Chief Financial Officer: Military Construction Necessary to Support the Use of Armed Forces in Addressing the National Emergency at the Southern Border
From the Document: "On February 15, 2019, in accordance with the National Emergencies Act, the President declared that a national emergency exists at the southern border requiring the use of the armed forces. This declaration made available, among other statutes, 10 U.S.C. § 2808, which authorizes the Secretary of Defense, without regard to any other provision of law, to undertake military construction projects not otherwise authorized by law that are necessary to support the use of the armed forces in connection with the national emergency. Based on analysis and advice from the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and input from the Commander, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and the Department of the Interior and pursuant to the authority granted to me in Section 2808, I have determined that 11 military construction projects (as listed in Attachment A) along the international border with Mexico, with an estimated total cost of $3 .6 billion, are necessary to support the use of the armed forces in connection with the national emergency."
United States. Department of Defense
2019-09-03
