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Immigration Legislation and Issues in the 116th Congress [Updated June 19, 2020]
From the Summary: "The House and the Senate have considered measures on a variety of immigration issues in the 116th Congress. These issues include border security, immigration enforcement, legalization of unauthorized immigrants, temporary and permanent immigration, and humanitarian admissions. Several immigration measures were enacted into law. Among them are the Northern Mariana Islands Long-Term Legal Residents Relief Act (P.L. 116-24) and the Citizenship for Children of Military Members and Civil Servants Act (P.L. 116-133). The 116th Congress also enacted immigration provisions as part of larger defense and appropriations bills. [...] This report discusses these and other immigration-related issues that have seen legislative action in the 116th Congress."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Bruno, Andorra; Kandel, William; Wilson, Jill, 1974-
2020-06-19
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Capping Report: CBP Struggled to Provide Adequate Detention Conditions During 2019 Migrant Surge
From the Document: "U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is responsible for providing short-term detention for aliens arriving in the United States without valid travel documents, in compliance with the 'National Standards on Transport, Escort, Detention, and Search'. During fiscal year 2019, there was a surge in Southwest Border crossings between ports of entry, resulting in 851,508 Border Patrol apprehensions and contributing to what senior CBP officials described as an 'unprecedented border security and humanitarian crisis.' Our unannounced inspections revealed that under these challenging circumstances, CBP struggled to meet detention standards. This capping report, which supplements two Management Alerts published last year about issues requiring DHS' immediate attention (OIG-19-46 and OIG-19-51), summarizes our observations of the 21 Border Patrol facilities and CBP ports of entry we inspected in 2019. Several Border Patrol stations we visited exceeded their maximum capacity."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General
2020-06-12
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Immigration Legislation and Issues in the 116th Congress [June 12, 2020]
From the Introduction: "The 116th Congress has seen considerable committee and floor action on immigration legislation, particularly in the House. The House and/or the Senate have acted on bills addressing a range of immigration issue areas, including border security, immigration enforcement, legalization of unauthorized immigrants, temporary and permanent immigration, and humanitarian admissions. Some of these bills include amendments to the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), the basis of U.S. immigration law. Several immigration provisions were enacted as part of larger appropriations and defense authorization bills. These provisions variously address the H-2B [Temporary Non-Agricultural Workers] visa, U.S. refugee admissions, Afghan special immigrant visas, and the immigration status of Liberians who are long-time U.S. residents, among other issues. Through FY2019 and FY2020 consolidated appropriations measures, the 116th Congress extended the EB-5 [Employment Based Immigration- Fifth Preference] Regional Center Program for immigrant investors, the E-Verify employment eligibility verification system, and two other immigration programs, all of which are now authorized through September 30, 2020. The 116th Congress also enacted stand-alone measures concerning immigration in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands and citizenship for children born abroad to parents who are U.S. military servicemembers or U.S. government employees. This report discusses these and other immigration-related measures that have received legislative action in the 116th Congress."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Bruno, Andorra; Kandel, William; Wilson, Jill, 1974-
2020-06-12
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Army Security Force Assistance Brigades (SFABS) [Updated June 11, 2020]
From the Document: "Security Force Assistance (SFA) is defined as 'unified action to generate, employ, and sustain local, host nation or regional security forces in support of a legitimate authority.' By definition 'security forces include not only military forces, but also police, border forces, and other paramilitary organizations, as well as other local and regional forces.' SFA involves organizing, training, equipping, rebuilding, and advising foreign security forces (FSF)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Feickert, Andrew
2020-06-11
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 5828, DHS Illicit Cross-Border Tunnel Defense Act
This is the Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate as ordered reported by the House Committee on Homeland Security on February 12, 2020. From the Document: "H.R. 5828 would authorize the appropriation of $1 million in 2021 and in 2022 for Customs and Border Patrol (CBP) to remediate illicit tunnels that cross the nation's border. The bill also would require CBP to produce a strategic plan for identifying and remediating such tunnels, including an assessment of technology, personnel, and resource needs for future remediation operations, and to report to the Congress on the implementation of the plan within one year."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2020-06-09
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Test Results for Disk Imaging Tool: Cinolink Dual HDD Dock
From the Introduction: "The Computer Forensics Tool Testing (CFTT) program is a joint project of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology Directorate (S&T), the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Programs Office and Information Technology Laboratory (ITL). CFTT is supported by other organizations, including the Federal Bureau of Investigation; the U.S. Department of Defense Cyber Crime Center; U.S. Internal Revenue Service Criminal Investigation Division Electronic Crimes Program; and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security's Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and U.S. Secret Service. The objective of the CFTT program is to provide measurable assurance to practitioners, researchers, and other applicable users that the tools used in computer forensics investigations provide accurate results. Accomplishing this requires the development of specifications and test methods for computer forensics tools and subsequent testing of specific tools against those specifications. [...] This document reports the results from testing the disk imaging function of the Cinolink Dual HDD Dock using the CFTT Federated Testing Test Suite for Disk Imaging, Version 5."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Science and Technology Directorate
2020-06
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Test Results for Disk Imaging Tool: Roadkil's Disk Image Version 1.6
From the Introduction: "The Computer Forensics Tool Testing (CFTT) program is a joint project of the Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate (DHS S&T), the National Institute of Justice, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Programs Office and Information Technology Laboratory. CFTT is supported by other organizations, including the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the U.S. Department of Defense Cyber Crime Center, U.S. Internal Revenue Service Criminal Investigation Division Electronic Crimes Program, and the DHS Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Secret Service. The objective of the CFTT program is to provide measurable assurance to practitioners, researchers, and other applicable users that the tools used in computer forensics investigations provide accurate results. Accomplishing this requires the development of specifications and test methods for computer forensics tools and subsequent testing of specific tools against those specifications. [...] This document reports the results from testing the disk imaging function of Roadkil's Disk Image Version 1.6 using the CFTT Federated Testing Test Suite for Disk Imaging, Version 5."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Science and Technology Directorate
2020-06
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S. Rept. 116-229: Synthetic Opioid Exposure Prevention and Training Act, Report to Accompany H.R. 4739, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, June 1, 2020
From the Purpose and Summary: "The purpose of H.R. 4739, the Synthetic Opioid Exposure Prevention and Training Act, is to require the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to develop a policy that specifies effective protocols and procedures for the safe handling of, and exposure to, synthetic opioids such as fentanyl by CBP officers, agents, other personnel, and canines. It also requires mandatory and recurring training on the handling of synthetic opioids and how to access and administer opioid receptor antagonists. The Act requires the Commissioner to regularly monitor the implementation of the policy, and as necessary, revise the protocols and procedures. Finally, the Act requires the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) Office of Inspector General (OIG) to conduct a compliance audit within three years following the enactment of this Act."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2020-06-01
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Quality of Life Crossborder Collaboration on Public Health: The 2009 U.S. - Mexico Response to H1N1
From the Key Findings: "[1] The United States, Mexico, and Canada had been formally planning for a possible pandemic originating in Asia since shortly after the 2003 SARS [severe acute respiratory syndrome] outbreak. The Security and Prosperity Partnership, begun in 2005 by the Bush, Fox, and Martin administrations, became the key forum to develop truly regional plans for pandemic response. [2] Although H1N1 [Swine flu] developed into a pandemic and thus quickly superseded efforts at containment, years of collaborative efforts to track and address infectious diseases by federal, state, and local agencies along the U.S.-Mexico border helped communication and monitoring of the disease. As is the case with many pandemics, H1N1 developed and spread very quickly. As such, there was little time to develop new mechanisms or relationships. Officials had to rely on the prior planning where they could and improvise where there were no plans. [3] Addressing pandemics in the U.S.-Mexico requires close coordination across agencies and borders. [...] [4] Because of the rapid spread of H1N1 that surpassed border controls and the importance of crossborder U.S.-Mexico trade to both economies, a consensus developed in the spring of 2009 among U.S. and Mexican officials that closing the U.S.-Mexico border was neither desirable nor helpful."
Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
Lee, Erik
2020-06
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Food Security in Asia and the Pacific Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
From the Document: "The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has heightened food security risks in Asia and the Pacific. Disruptions to domestic and international food supply chains-- caused as rising health risks led to major travel restrictions--have undermined food availability and accessibility. Domestically, disruptions in the upstream food supply chains have arisen from mobility restrictions and worker illnesses during planting and harvesting, in addition to hindered operations in processing, trucking, logistics, and trading. Losses of employment and income are also reducing food consumption, leaving vulnerable groups at risk of hunger and malnutrition. Basic food handouts are often limited and may not meet the nutritional needs of children and pregnant women. Internationally, border closures and export restrictions could imply limited availability and affordability of certain food items for countries that rely on imports."
Asian Development Bank
Kim, Kijin; Kim, Sunae; Park, Cyn-Young
2020-06
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Openness is as Important Now as it Has Ever Been
From the Document: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic has shaken the world. Faced with the lack of medical treatment or a vaccine, nations around the globe have opted for the only remedy known against the easily communicable virus -namely, the adoption of social distancing measures that curtail its contagion. As the pandemic rolled from Wuhan, China, to other nations, international borders closed, quarantines were imposed on newcomers and, overall, international mobility came to a near-complete halt. In the United States, the President's announcement on restrictions placed on international arrivals from 26 countries on March 11, 2020,2 led to the State Department's suspension of exchange programs, which allow qualified foreign-nationals to participate in work- and study-based exchange visitor programs, for, at least, 60 days. Participants in these exchange visitor programs include foreign-born medical school graduates who complete their residency requirements and sub-specialty training in the United States prior to going back home for two years before they can return to the United States-usually through an H1-B or L-1 visa. [...] An important challenge in recovering from the pandemic will be fighting perceptions of immigrants as economic and security threats. And instead creating and maintaining an open economy that welcomes the international exchange of ideas that has characterized and fueled growth in the United States for decades."
Utah State University. Center for Growth and Opportunity
Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina
2020-06
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Test Results for String Search Tool: EnCase Version 8.09.00.192
From the Introduction: "The Computer Forensics Tool Testing (CFTT) program is a joint project of the Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate (DHS S&T), the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Programs Office and Information Technology Laboratory (ITL). CFTT is supported by other organizations, including the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the U.S. Department of Defense Cyber Crime Center, U.S. Internal Revenue Service Criminal Investigation Division Electronic Crimes Program, and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security's Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Secret Service. The objective of the CFTT program is to provide measurable assurance to practitioners, researchers, and other applicable users that the tools used in computer forensics investigations provide accurate results. Accomplishing this requires the development of specifications and test methods for computer forensics tools and subsequent testing of specific tools against those specifications."
National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.). Office of Law Enforcement Standards; United States. Department of Homeland Security. Science and Technology Directorate
2020-06
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Army Security Force Assistance Brigades (SFABs) [Updated June 1, 2020]
From the Document: "Security Force Assistance (SFA) is defined as 'unified action to generate, employ, and sustain local, host nation or regional security forces in support of a legitimate authority.' By definition 'security forces include not only military forces, but also police, border forces, and other paramilitary organizations, as well as other local and regional forces.' SFA involves organizing, training, equipping, rebuilding, and advising foreign security forces (FSF)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Feickert, Andrew
2020-06-01
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Master Question List for COVID-19 (Caused by SARS-CoV-2): Weekly Report 26 May 2020
From the Foreword: "The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is paying close attention to the evolving Coronavirus Infectious Disease (COVID-19) situation in order to protect our nation. DHS is working very closely with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), other federal agencies, and public health officials to implement public health control measures related to travelers and materials crossing our borders from the affected regions. Based on the response to a similar product generated in 2014 in response to the Ebolavirus outbreak in West Africa, the DHS Science and Technology Directorate (DHS S&T) developed the following 'master question list' that quickly summarizes what is known, what additional information is needed, and who may be working to address such fundamental questions as, 'What is the infectious dose?' and 'How long does the virus persist in the environment?' The Master Question List (MQL) is intended to quickly present the current state of available information to government decision makers in the operational response to COVID-19 and allow structured and scientifically guided discussions across the federal government without burdening them with the need to review scientific reports, and to prevent duplication of efforts by highlighting and coordinating research."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Science and Technology Directorate
2020-05-26
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Army Security Force Assistance Brigades (SFABs) [Updated May 18, 2020]
From the Document: "Security Force Assistance (SFA) is defined as 'unified action to generate, employ, and sustain local, host nation or regional security forces in support of a legitimate authority.' By definition 'security forces include not only military forces, but also police, border forces, and other paramilitary organizations, as well as other local and regional forces.' SFA involves organizing, training, equipping, rebuilding, and advising foreign security forces (FSF)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Feickert, Andrew
2020-05-18
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How COVID-19 Restrictions and the Economic Consequences Are Likely to Impact Migrant Smuggling and Cross-Border Trafficking in Persons to Europe and North America
From the Executive Summary: "The unprecedented crisis that COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] has suddenly unleashed upon the world is affecting all aspects of society and is likely to have an effect on the routes and characteristics of both regular and irregular migration. Smuggling of migrants and trafficking in persons will also be affected in certain ways by the crisis. Many factors shape the dynamics of these two criminal phenomena, from the international political and security landscape to macro socio-economic dynamics and national law enforcement capacity - all of which have been affected by the global pandemic. The impacts of the COVID-19 crisis, and of the measures adopted by governments to contain it, differ across the globe, and the effects of these measures on smuggling of migrants and trafficking in persons are likely to vary from country to country and from region to region. This Research Brief analyses possible scenarios of how smuggling of migrants and cross-border trafficking in persons are likely to be affected by the COVID-19 crisis along mixed migration routes to two important destination regions: North America and Europe."
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
Sarrica, Fabrizio; Healy, Claire; Serio, Giulia . . .
2020-05-14?
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Mexico: Background and U.S. Relations [Updated May 12, 2020]
From the Introduction: "This report provides an overview of political and economic conditions in Mexico, followed by assessments of selected issues of congressional interest in Mexico: security and foreign aid, extraditions, human rights, trade, migration, energy, water, and border environmental issues."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Seelke, Clare Ribando
2020-05-12
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CBP's ACAS Program Did Not Always Prevent Air Carriers from Transporting High-Risk Cargo into the United States
From the Document: "Air cargo shipments pose significant threats to national security. CBP [U.S. Customs and Border Protection] and TSA established the ACAS [Air Cargo Advance Screening] Program with the goal of identifying and preventing high-risk cargo from entering the United States. We conducted this audit to determine to what extent the ACAS program prevents air carriers from transporting high-risk cargo from foreign airports into the United States."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General
2020-05-11
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Special Commentary: 'Hole' of Government: What COVID-19 Reveals About American Security Planning
From the Document: "The coronavirus, COVID-19, typifies the 'compound' nature of today's security threats. This deadly adversary is inimical to accepted international laws and conventions regarding warfare and human security protections. It is a true omnivore, respecting no borders and consuming all classes, genders, races, and faiths. This adversary has driven mass societal disruption and managed in about four months' time to infect over 1.2 million (confirmed cases) with nearly 72,000 deaths, in the United States alone. Worldwide economic recession, even depression, seems likely and national publics now question their governments' capacity and will to contain the adversary. Should governments fail to do so (most experts agree that the opportunity to contain COVID-19 is lost), big-data computer projections predict as many as 173,000 could die in the United States by the end of May 2020. The yet untold damage from such a toll across all sectors--political, economic, and societal--is incalculable. The potential for a global paradigm shift in the way we should perceive these threats is real."
Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute
Wilson, Isaiah, III
2020-05-06
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Test Results for Write-Protected Drive: Apricorn Padlock DT Firmware Version 0510
From the Introduction: "The Computer Forensics Tool Testing (CFTT) program is a joint project of the Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate (DHS S&T), the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Programs Office and Information Technology Laboratory (ITL). CFTT is supported by other organizations, including the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the U.S. Department of Defense Cyber Crime Center, U.S. Internal Revenue Service Criminal Investigation Division Electronic Crimes Program, and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security's Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Secret Service. The objective of the CFTT program is to provide measurable assurance to practitioners, researchers, and other applicable users that the tools used in computer forensics investigations provide accurate results. Accomplishing this requires the development of specifications and test methods for computer forensics tools and subsequent testing of specific tools against those specifications. [...] This document reports the results from testing the read-only function of the Apricorn Padlock DT device firmware version 0510 using the CFTT Federated Testing Test Suite for Hardware Write Blocking, Version 3.1."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Science and Technology Directorate
2020-05
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Test Results for Write-Protected Drive: Apricorn L3 Fortress Firmware Version 0510 [May 2020]
From the Introduction: "The Computer Forensics Tool Testing (CFTT) program is a joint project of the Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate (DHS S&T), the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Programs Office and Information Technology Laboratory (ITL). CFTT is supported by other organizations, including the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the U.S. Department of Defense Cyber Crime Center, U.S. Internal Revenue Service Criminal Investigation Division Electronic Crimes Program, the DHS Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Secret Service. The objective of the CFTT program is to provide measurable assurance to practitioners, researchers, and other applicable users that the tools used in computer forensics investigations provide accurate results. Accomplishing this requires the development of specifications and test methods for computer forensics tools and subsequent testing of specific tools against those specifications."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Science and Technology Directorate
2020-05
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COVID-19 and the Food and Agriculture Sector: Issues and Policy Responses
From the Document: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic is a global health crisis that is already having devastating impacts on the world economy -both directly and through necessary measures to contain the spread of the disease. These impacts are also being felt by the food and agriculture sector. While the supply of food has held up well to date, in many countries, the measures put in place to contain the spread of the virus are starting to disrupt the supply of agro-food products to markets and consumers, both within and across borders. The sector is also experiencing a substantial shift in the composition and -for some commodities -the level of demand. How damaging these impacts turn out to be for food security, nutrition and the livelihoods of farmers, fishers and others working along the food supply chain will depend in large part on policy responses over the short, medium and long term. In the short term, governments must manage multiple demands -responding to the health crisis, managing the consequences of the shock to the economy, and ensuring the smooth functioning of the food system. While the pandemic poses some serious challenges for the food system in the short term, it is also an opportunity to accelerate transformations in the food and agriculture sector to build its resilience in the face of a range of challenges, including climate change."
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
2020-04-29
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Mexico: Background and U.S. Relations [Updated April 29, 2020]
From the Introduction: "The 116th Congress has demonstrated renewed interest in Mexico, a neighboring country and top trading partner with which the United States has a close, but complicated relationship. [...] In recent decades, U.S.-Mexican relations have improved as the countries have become close trade partners and worked to address crime, the environment, and other issues of shared concern. Nevertheless, the history of U.S. military and diplomatic intervention in Mexico and the asymmetry in the relationship continue to provoke periodic tension. As the United States-Mexico-Canada Free Trade Agreement (USMCA), approved by Congress in January 2020, enters into force on July 1, 2020, its implementation is likely to receive congressional attention. Congress remains concerned about the effects of organized-crime-related violence in Mexico on U.S. security interests and U.S. citizens' safety in Mexico and has increased oversight of U.S.-Mexican security cooperation. Congress may appropriate foreign assistance for Mexico and oversee bilateral efforts to address U.S.-bound unauthorized migration, illegal drug flows, and the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This report provides an overview of political and economic conditions in Mexico, followed by assessments of selected issues of congressional interest in Mexico: security and foreign aid, extraditions, human rights, trade, migration, energy, water, and environmental issues at the border."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Seelke, Clare Ribando
2020-04-29
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Department of Homeland Security: Fiscal Year 2020 Expenditure Plan: U.S. Customs and Border Protection - Procurement, Construction, and Improvements (Fiscal Year 2020 Report to Congress)
From the Document: "This report provides an expenditure plan for U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) for Procurement, Construction, and Improvements (PC&I) appropriations enacted in P.L. 116-93 and for prior-year balances as reported at the time that Section 208 was enacted. Those balances were identified to the Appropriations Committees through DHS's submission of its Monthly Execution Report (MER) covering the period through December 31, 2019. Differences in funding amounts are attributable to rounding and accounting updates that have occurred since submission of the MER."
United States. Department of Homeland Security; U.S. Customs and Border Protection
2020-04-29
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COVID-19: Restrictions on Travelers at U.S. Land Borders [Updated April 23, 2020]
From the Document: "New actions by the federal government in response to the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic restrict the entry of certain foreign nationals into the United States. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), within the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), have recently issued orders regarding travelers arriving at land ports of entry (POEs) at both the northern and southern borders of the United States."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Singer, Audrey
2020-04-23
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Power of Siberia: A Natural Gas Pipeline Brings Russia and China Closer [April 21, 2020]
From the Overview: "The 'Power of Siberia,' the first natural gas pipeline to bring Russian gas into China, began operations in December 2019. The pipeline's initial capacity, 5 billion cubic meters (BCM), would meet 1.3% of China's 2018 natural gas consumption. As the pipeline reaches its full capacity of 38 BCM by 2025, natural gas likely will be able to displace coal in China's northwest region in the long term. The Power of Siberia pipeline runs just over 1,400 miles from Russia's Chayanda natural gas field and connects to China along the border of Heilongjiang province; the pipeline will eventually extend from the Kovykta field (another 400 miles) in Siberia. [...] Congress may consider how this long-term energy arrangement between Russia and China may affect U.S. foreign policy and security."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Ratner, Michael; Greenley, Heather L.
2020-04-21
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Deportation of Parents of U.S.-Born Children: First Half, Calendar Year 2019 (Fiscal Year 2019 Report to Congress )
From the Document: "U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is responsible for enforcing federal laws that govern border control, customs, trade, and immigration in order to promote homeland security and public safety. ICE Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO) deportation officers enforce the Nation's immigration laws by identifying and arresting removable aliens; detaining, releasing on bond, or placing apprehended removable aliens on supervised release, including alternatives to detention as appropriate; and removing aliens from the United States. [...] During the reporting period, ICE sought orders of removal in the cases of 10,513 aliens who claimed to have at least one U.S.-born child. ICE obtained 4,104 final orders of removal for aliens who claimed to have at least one U.S.-born child. ICE removed 14,324 aliens who claimed to have at least one U.S.-born child."
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
2020-04-13
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 4739, Synthetic Opioid Exposure Prevention and Training Act [April 8, 2020]
This is the Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate as ordered reported by the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs on March 11, 2020. From the Document: "H.R. 4739 would require Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to issue a strategy to protect border agents from synthetic opioids. Protection measures would include training, establishing safe handling procedures, and ensuring the availability of personal protective equipment to agents at risk of opioid exposure. CBP is currently carrying out activities similar to those required by H.R. 4739. Thus, CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing the act would not have a significant cost; any spending would be subject to the availability of appropriated funds."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2020-04-08
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Commission Recommendation of 8.4.2020 on a Common Union Toolbox for the Use of Technology and Data to Combat and Exit from the Covid-19 Crisis, in Particular Concerning Mobile Applications and the Use of Anonymised Mobility Data
From the Document: "(1) This recommendation sets up a process for developing a common approach, referred to as a Toolbox, to use digital means to address the crisis. The Toolbox will consist of practical measures for making effective use of technologies and data, with a focus on two areas in particular: (1) A pan-European approach for the use of mobile applications, coordinated at Union level, for empowering citizens to take effective and more targeted social distancing measures, and for warning, preventing and contact tracing to help limit the propagation of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] disease. This will involve a methodology monitoring and sharing assessments of effectiveness of these applications, their interoperability and cross-border implications, and their respect for security, privacy and data protection; and (2) A common scheme for using anonymized and aggregated data on mobility of populations in order (i) to model and predict the evolution of the disease, (ii) to monitor the effectiveness of decision-making by Member States' authorities on measures such as social distancing and confinement, and (iii) to inform a coordinated strategy for exiting from the COVID-19 crisis."
European Commission
2020-04-08
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Reps. Grijalva, Thompson, Vela, and Kirkpatrick Express COVID-19 Concerns, Demand a Halt to Border Wall Construction in Letter to DOJ, DOD, and DHS
From the Letter: "In repeated letters over several weeks now, members of Congress have raised to you the grave risks that continued border wall construction efforts during the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic poses for border residents, Native American burial grounds and sacred sites, federal employees, and contracted workers, as well as broader efforts to halt the spread of the coronavirus. [...] At a time when we are all taking extraordinary steps to limit the death toll and economic devastation wrought by this unprecedented pandemic, it is deeply concerning to learn that government officials, contractors and construction workers in border communities will defy public health orders and continue border wall construction unabated, perhaps even accelerating construction in our border communities. Workers are congregating in rural, remote border towns such as Ajo and Douglas, Arizona, and Columbus, New Mexico, endangering workers and residents, threatening to overwhelm extremely limited medical facilities. In Ajo, Arizona, there is one market, no drugstore, and no hospital. For the safety of these workers and our communities, border wall construction should immediately stop."
United States. Congress
2020-04-08
