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Border Security Analysis Between Ports of Entry
"We discuss the application of systems analysis tools and techniques to the development of counters to WMD smuggling across borders between legal ports of entry. This specific problem space is a mixture of threats, terrain, defensive technologies, and both smuggler and border enforcement tactics -- all of which are subject to analysis. Various analytic techniques have been combined into a set applicable to border enforcement operations. This analysis leads to selection of specific Border Security solution sets which are then tested in a virtual test bed. We show an example illustrating employment of these techniques on a segment of the Iraq-Iran border."
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Hibbard, Wilthea J.; Greenwalt, Robert; Henderer, Bruce D.
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Canada-U.S. Enhanced Resiliency Experiment Series (CAUSE V) After Action Report
From the Executive Summary: "The Beyond the Border (BTB) Action Plan, released in 2011, outlined joint priorities and specific initiatives for cross-border collaboration between Canada and the United States (U.S.). This partnership is focused on enhancing the coordination of multi-agency emergency management (EM) responses during binational disasters. In order to enhance cross-border Emergency Manager (EM) capabilities, interoperability and situational awareness (SA), Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC) Centre for Security Science (CSS), Public Safety (PS) Canada and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology Directorate (S&T) have collaborated to design the Canada-U.S. Enhanced (CAUSE) Resiliency experiment series. This series used a scenario-based approach to simulate the use of interoperable and emerging technologies during cross-border emergencies. In November 2017, the fifth experiment in the series, CAUSE V, took place in British Columbia (BC), Canada and the state of Washington (WA), U.S. This experiment provided an opportunity to test and explore a suite of emerging technologies and applications to support an interoperable cross-border response to simulated flooding and lahar flows. The objectives of this experiment were to test emerging technologies and the use of digital volunteers in supporting interoperable communications and information sharing between cross-border EM organizations."
United States. Department of Homeland Security; Canada
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United States House of Representatives Committee on the Judiciary [website]
This website includes information about the Judiciary Committee, a section on hearings and the schedule, issues and views, and the latest news and media. "the jurisdiction of the the House Committee on the Judiciary as follows: the judiciary and judicial proceedings, civil and criminal; administrative practice and procedure; apportionment of representatives; bankruptcy, mutiny, espionage, and counterfeiting; civil liberties; constitutional amendments; criminal law enforcement; federal courts and judges, and local courts in the territories and possessions; immigration policy and non-border enforcement; interstate compacts generally; claims against the United States; members of Congress, attendance of members, delegates, and the resident commissioner; and their acceptance of incompatible offices; national penitentiaries; patents, the patent and trademark office, copyrights, and trademarks; presidential succession; protection of trade and commerce against unlawful restraints and monopolies; revision and codification of the statutes of the United States; state and territorial boundary lines; [and] subversive activities affecting the internal security of the United States"
United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary
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United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration, Refugees and Border Security [website]
This is the website for the Senate Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration, Refugees and Border Security, the jurisdiction of which includes: "(1) Immigration, citizenship, and refugee laws; (2) Oversight of the immigration functions of the Department of Homeland Security, including U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and Ombudsman Citizenship and Immigration Services; (3) Oversight of the immigration-related functions of the Department of Justice, the Department of State, the Department of Health and Human Services Office of Refugee Resettlement, and the Department of Labor; (4) Oversight of international migration, internally displaced persons, and refugee laws and policy; and (5) Private immigration relief bills." The site includes information about the chairman and ranking member, as well as hearings and news.
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary
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APIS: Advance Passenger Information System
This website of the Customs and Border Protection (CBP) agency provides information about the Advance Passenger Information System (APIS) program. More specifically, "established for commercial airline and vessel operators, APIS enhances border security by providing officers with pre-arrival and departure manifest data on all passengers and crew members."
U.S. Customs and Border Protection
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Finding the Enemy Within: Towards a Framework for Domestic Intelligence
This report is chapter four of five chapters in the series: Threats at Our Threshold: Homeland Defense and Homeland Security in the New Century: A Compilation of the Proceedings of the First Annual Homeland Defense and Homeland Security Conference. The following is taken from the introduction of the report: "Of all the issues that we have wrestled with since 9/11, perhaps none has received more consideration or attention in discussions on homeland security than the acknowledged shortcomings of intelligence--in collection, analysis, and sharing--prior to the September 2001 attacks. In the United States, intelligence collection is split between agencies that look outside of our borders (e.g., the military, the Central Intelligence Agency [CIA]) and those that look inward (the Federal Bureau of Investigation [FBI]). And while there has been significant attention paid to the reorganization, revitalization and resourcing of our foreign intelligence services, far less attention has been paid to the domestic side of the equation. There is, however, a clear new need and many new activities emerging to bolster intelligence capabilities to support post-9/11 homeland security/defense missions. And yet the increase in domestic intelligence (DI) collection has moved forward with little public discussion, no apparent framework, and little oversight. This raises the prospect of an emerging domestic intelligence 'system' where all the pieces don't fit together, pieces are missing or redundant, and there is no framework for protecting individual liberties. To address DI responsibly requires answering fundamental questions about what agencies should be responsible for collecting intelligence within the United States; what types of domestic information the government should collect, and how it should be used; and how the government needs to coordinate and oversee the process to assure effectiveness and protection of civil liberties."
Army War College (U.S.). Center for Strategic Leadership
Heyman, David
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FAST: Free and Secure Trade [Mexico]
"The FAST [Free and Secure Trade] program is a bilateral initiative between the United States and Mexico designed to ensure security and safety while enhancing the economic prosperity of both countries. In developing this program, Mexico and the United States have agreed to coordinate to the maximum extent possible, their commercial processes for clearance of commercial shipments at the border. This will promote free and secure trade by using common risk-management principles, supply chain security, industry partnership, and advanced technology to improve the efficiency of screening and clearing commercial traffic at our shared border."
U.S. Customs and Border Protection
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U.S. Customs and Border Protection: Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT)
In order to develop, enhance, and maintain effective security processes throughout the global supply chain, U.S. Customs continues to accept applications in various international supply chain categories. Requirements for FAST (Free And Secure Trade), a joint border initiative between the United States and Canada, and C-TPAT programs are outlined.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection
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San Diego State University: Graduate Program in Homeland Security [website]
The San Diego State University Homeland Security Program (HSEC) offers "Interdisciplinary graduate study leading to the Master of Science degree in Homeland Security. Our Program was the first of its kind in the nation, taking advantage of the unique learning and research opportunities offered by the "living laboratory" that is the San Diego-Baja border region. The HSEC Program provides a vibrant and challenging learning environment where scholarly, educational, and research endeavors are applied to real-world challenges associated with man-made and natural emergencies and critical incidents on the local, national, and global levels. We have over 150 active graduate students who bring their diverse professional, disciplinary, and cultural backgrounds into the learning and research processes. We are focused on positive solutions such as International Trade Optimization as championed by Assistant Secretary of DHS for International Affairs and also Chief Diplomatic Officer, Alan Bersin, through our relationships with dozens of federal agencies, NGOs, and non-profit organizations."
San Diego State University
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National Security & Veterans Affairs: Homeland Security
This webpage lists a variety of reports about homeland security funding by agency, state, tribes and other demographic information. Additionally there are reports about border patrol arrests.
U.S. Census Bureau
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U.S. Department of Homeland Security: Science and Technology [website]
"Technology and threats evolve rapidly in today's ever-changing environment. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology Directorate (S&T) monitors those threats and capitalizes on technological advancements at a rapid pace, developing solutions and bridging capability gaps at a pace that mirrors the speed of life. S&T's mission is to help strengthen America's security and resiliency by providing assessments, analysis and reports and developing innovative technology solutions for the Homeland Security Enterprise. Created by Congress in 2003, S&T conducts basic and applied research, development, demonstration, testing and evaluation activities relevant to DHS. S&T strives to address current capability gaps while preparing for future challenges. Projects are organized into six primary areas that directly support DHS components, as well as federal, state and local first responders: First responders: Expanding first responder capabilities and improving their effectiveness, efficiency and safety; Borders and maritime security: Enhancing security at our nation's borders and waterways without impeding the flow of commerce; Cybersecurity: Contributing to a safe, secure and resilient cyber environment; Chemical and biological defense: Detecting, protecting against, responding to and recovering from chemical and biological incidents; Explosives: Protecting citizens and infrastructure from the devastating effects of explosives; and Resilience: Improving the nation's preparedness for natural and man-made catastrophes."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
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Immigration and Customs Enforcement: Customs and Border Protection FY18 Budget Request, Hearing before the Homeland Security Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, United States House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifteenth Congress, First Session, June 13, 2017
This is the June 13, 2017 hearing on "Immigration and Customs Enforcement & Customs and Border Protection FY18 Budget Request," held before the U.S. House Committee on Appropriations, Subcommittee on Homeland Security. From the opening statement of John Carter: "Let me state at the outset that I support the proposed budget increases for both CBP and ICE. Thankfully, illegal migration is down. However, the border is still vulnerable and gaining operational control remains an imperative. In my opinion, technology solutions that improve situational awareness, and infrastructure that slows illegal crossings, make the country safer." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: John Carter, Thomas D. Homan, John P. Wagner, and Carla L. Provost.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations
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U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement [website]
"U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) enforces federal laws governing border control, customs, trade and immigration to promote homeland security and public safety. ICE was created in 2003 through a merger of the investigative and interior enforcement elements of the former U.S. Customs Service and the Immigration and Naturalization Service. ICE now has more than 20,000 employees in more than 400 offices in the United States and 46 foreign countries. The agency has an annual budget of approximately $6 billion, primarily devoted to two operational directorates - Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO) and Homeland Security Investigations (HSI). These two operational directorates are supported by Management and Administration (M&A) and Office of the Principal Legal Advisor (OPLA) to advance the ICE mission."
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
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U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) [website]
This agency serves as the single unified border agency of the US. Their priority mission is to prevent terrorists and terrorism weapons from entering the US through improved security at our borders and ports of entry.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection
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Biometric Passports: Hearing Before the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, One Hundred Eighth Congress, Second Session, June 15, 2004
From the opening statement of Orrin G. Hatch: "The purpose of these hearings is to make sure that the United States government is taking every possible step to protect this country and its citizens from the evil intentions of terrorists and that every available resource is focused toward that end. Implementation of the biometric passport program will be an important resource in our fight against terrorism and we should be vigilant in our efforts to fully implement this program. Today, we focus our attention on the biometric passport requirement set out in the Enhanced Border Security and Visa Entry Reform Act. This legislation provided crucial tools to tighten immigration procedures and close loopholes in our border security which were, in my view, of paramount importance after the catastrophic attacks this Nation suffered on September 11, 2001. I was proud to be an original cosponsor of this legislation and am disappointed that more than 2 years after its enactment, we are faced with the reality that the biometric passport deadline of October 26, 2004, will not be met." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include the following: Dianne Feinstein, Orrin G. Hatch, Patrick J. Leahy, Maria Cantwell, Maura Harty, and Asa Hutchinson.
United States. Government Printing Office
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United States Customs and Border Protection: Forms [website]
U.S. Customs and Border Protection maintains a website with all Customs forms that are publicly available. Due to the transition to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, all current Customs forms have been modified to reflect the CBP identifier. Forms with additional changes to text and/or format may be identified by the new revision date. In addition to an extensive list of forms, the site contains updates on special forms and a troubleshooter for opening files and form corrections.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection
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Security Management [Website]
Security Management calls itself, "The Security Professional's Central Web Connection." Many relevant issues included in this website are the following: Terrorism, Homeland Security, the Patriot Act, Border Security, and other topics. The website contains analysis and links to current security issues.
ASIS International
2006
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One-Stop Travelers' Redress [website]
"The Department of Homeland Security's Travel Redress Inquiry Program (DHS TRIP) is a single point of contact for individuals who have inquiries or seek resolution regarding difficulties they experienced during their travel screening at transportation hubs--like airports and train stations--or crossing U.S. borders, including: denied or delayed airline boarding; denied or delayed entry into and exit from the U.S. at a port of entry or border checkpoint; continuously referred to additional (secondary) screening."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
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DHS Traveler Redress Inquiry Program (DHS TRIP) [website]
"The Department of Homeland Security's Travel Redress Inquiry Program (DHS TRIP) is a single point of contact for individuals who have inquiries or seek resolution regarding difficulties they experienced during their travel screening at transportation hubs--like airports and train stations--or crossing U.S. borders, including: denied or delayed airline boarding; denied or delayed entry into and exit from the U.S. at a port of entry or border checkpoint; continuously referred to additional (secondary) screening."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
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Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum [website]
"The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) is a regional economic forum established in 1989 to leverage the growing interdependence of the Asia-Pacific. APEC's 21 members aim to create greater prosperity for the people of the region by promoting balanced, inclusive, sustainable, innovative and secure growth and by accelerating regional economic integration. [...] APEC ensures that goods, services, investment and people move easily across borders. Members facilitate this trade through faster customs procedures at borders; more favorable business climates behind the border; and aligning regulations and standards across the region." APEC's projects and working groups focus on a number of issues related to homeland security, including: Agriculture, Anti-Corruption, Counter-Terrorism, Customs, Data Privacy, Emergency Preparedness, Energy, Food Security, Free Trade Agreements and Regional Trade Agreements, Import Regulation, Intellectual Property, Ocean and Fisheries, Science and Technology, Services Trade, Supply Chain Connectivity, Sustainable Development, Telecommunications and Information, and Tourism, among others.
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum
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President Bush Discusses Border Security and Immigration Reform in Arizona [May 18, 2006]
From President Bush's Discussion on Border Security and Immigration Reform in Arizona: "I'm down here to talk about the immigration issue. And this is an important issue. It really is. It's an important debate our country is having. We need to have -- we need to secure our border, and we need fair and effective immigration laws. The other night I spoke to the country about the way I see it, and I'm looking forward to working with the United States Congress to get something done. There's a lot of politics in Washington, D.C. And it's time to get rid of all the politics and do what's right for the United States of America and help you do your job. And that's why I've come to this part of the world. I wanted to hear firsthand from David and Ronald Colburn what they need to get the job done, and where we're making progress and where we aren't making progress."
United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary
Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-
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Sustainable WMD Nonproliferation Strategy for East Africa: Connecting the WMD Nonproliferation Agenda with Local Border Security Needs to Achieve Mutually Beneficial Outcomes
"Over the course of the last 60 years, the international community built a weapons of mass destruction (WMD) nonproliferation regime aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear, biological and chemical weapons. The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and the Conventions on Chemical and Biological Weapons are key pillars of that regime. More recent additions include such measures as United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540 and the Proliferation Security Initiative. Despite the myriad of national and international measures to prevent the spread of WMD, there are significant problems on the horizon. Like his predecessors, President Barack Obama has stated unequivocally that the American people face no greater danger than a terrorist attack with a nuclear weapon. He has further asserted that the success in preventing terrorist acquisition of a WMD depends upon broad consensus of all nations. Many other world leaders have joined President Obama in his call to action." Note: This document has been added to the Homeland Security Digital Library in agreement with the Project on Advanced Systems and Concepts for Countering WMD (PASCC) as part of the PASCC collection. Permission to download and/or retrieve this resource has been obtained through PASCC.
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Contemporary Conflict
Bergenäs, Johan; Finlay, Brian D.
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H. Rept. 115-505:
"The Committee on Homeland Security, to whom was referred the bill (H.R. 3548) to make certain improvements to the security of the international borders of the United States, and for other purposes, having considered the same, report favorably thereon with an amendment and recommend that the bill as amended do pass."
United States. Government Publishing Office
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Limits and Prospects of Military Analogies for Homeland Security: Goldwater-Nichols and Network-Centric Warfare
This report is part of chapter two of five chapters in the series: Threats at Our Threshold: Homeland Defense and Homeland Security in the New Century: A Compilation of the Proceedings of the First Annual Homeland Defense and Homeland Security Conference. The following is taken from the introduction of the report: "Since the attacks of 9/11, the United States has sought to strengthen its ability to prevent terrorist attacks and respond to high-consequence events affecting the U.S. homeland. Washington's tactic of choice to improve counterterrorism and homeland security has been to reorganize the federal government. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) was created in 2003 to rationalize assets and centralize activities related to borders, domestic asset protection, preparedness and response, information integration and dissemination, and science and technology. The Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) was created to better coordinate the fragmented intelligence community Washington's decision to turn to far-reaching reorganization in response to new national security challenges has significant historical precedent. The National Security Act of 1947 created the Department of Defense (DoD) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to help the United States meet the security challenges it faced after World War II. It took another decade, however, to establish the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), deterrence and various other critical institutions and concepts to fight the Cold War effectively. For every step in the right direction, there were missteps, trial and error. It took another 39 years before Congress passed the Goldwater-Nichols Act to foster 'jointness' among the military services, something that Dwight Eisenhower had lobbied for both as a general and as President. U.S. efforts to address homeland security and counterterrorism represent the most significant federal reorganization since 1947. But the 'big bang' creation of both the DHS and DNI are not sufficient. Reorganization is only a step in refashioning government and society to meet the challenges of global terrorism and homeland security."
Army War College (U.S.). Center for Strategic Leadership
Prieto, Daniel B.
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Schumer Homeland Security Report: One Year Later: Is the Federal Government Doing Enough to Make New York Safer? Grading the Federal Homeland Security Effort in New York and the Nation
This report grades the performance of Border/Port Security, Aviation Security, Northern Border Security, Nuclear Plant Security, Immigration, Water Supply Security, Cyber Security, and Combating Terrorism one year after the terrorist attacks of 9/11.
United States. Congress. Senate
Schumer, Charles E.
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Border and Transportation Security: Connecting the Dots for a Proactive Approach
"This paper addresses community policing strategies for preventing and responding to terrorism. The community policing philosophy is an important resource for preparing for and responding to acts of terrorism. While there is no one commonly recognized definition of community policing, this paper presents one possible definition that will be applied to preventing and responding to terrorist events."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Chapman, Robert; Scheider, Matthew; Seelman, Michael F.
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President's 2006 Budget: Homeland Security
"The Presidents 2006 Budget will continue to ensure the security of the Nations borders, ports, and transportation systems with enhanced screening of goods and people through programs such as the new Screening Coordination and Operations Office; an increase for the United States Visitor and Immigrant Status Indicator Technology (US-VISIT) system; additional radiological and nuclear inspection equipment; and expansion of the Container Security Initiative. The Presidents 2006 Budget will also enhance enforcement, border, and port security with increases to the Border Patrol; continued execution of the Arizona Border Control Initiative (ABCI); improvements to the Coast Guard; and new, threat-focused State and local assistance grants."
United States. Office of Management and Budget
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Fact Sheet: Testing of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technology at Land Borders
"The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is testing the US-VISIT Programs next phase of implementation, which uses radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to more efficiently record the entries and exits of visitors issued Forms I-94 at our land borders. Five U.S. land border ports will test the RFID technology from August 4, 2005, through early summer of 2006. The ports are Nogales East (Deconcini) and Nogales West (Mariposa) in Arizona; Alexandria Bay (Thousand Islands) in New York; and Pacific Highway and Peace Arch in Washington state. The five test locations were chosen to thoroughly evaluate the capability of this technology in a variety of weather and traffic conditions as US-VISIT will only deploy a fully tested system."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
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U.S. Customs Service: Strategic Plan: Fiscal Years 2000-2005
"For nearly 125 years, Customs funded virtually the entire government, and paid for the nation's early growth and infrastructure. Today, Customs is still a sizeable source of revenue for the Federal government, but along with the growth of our nation, its responsibilities and mission have significantly expanded and become more complex. Over the next five years, Customs seeks to enhance its efforts to build a Customs Service that takes action, holds people accountable, and achieves business results building on the tradition on which the agency was founded: to serve and protect the American public. As Customs enters the 21st century, the following significant challenges face the organization and its workforce: Focusing on integrity, accountability, discipline, training, automation, trade growth, border security, integrated air and marine interdiction, and high impact investigations; Continuing to facilitate the flow of legitimate commerce and travelers while at the same time identifying, disrupting and dismantling entities that threaten the legitimate flow of commerce; Continuing Customs efforts to identify, disrupt and dismantle narcotics and related money laundering organizations; Maintaining a forward-thinking and creative approach to the deployment of technology and automation; Hiring, training and retaining qualified employees in a highly competitive marketplace; and Meeting the demands of the external stakeholders while achieving our mission and performance goals."
U.S. Customs and Border Protection
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Budget in Brief: Fiscal Year 2005 Budget Request
The State Department believes the FY 2005 performance budget identifies the resources required for a proactive U.S. foreign policy, and aims to provide adequate funding to meet the President's commitments in the campaigns waged. The FY 2005 budget request for Department of State appropriations totals $8.552 billion. This amount represents an increase of $364 million over the FY 2004 level, including supplementals. The request sustains key components of the State Department's operations and infrastructure, as well as U.S. engagement abroad through public diplomacy and international organizations. Moreover, it builds on initiatives for people, security, and information technology to meet new requirements in the post-September 11 environment. The requested resources will enable the State Department to: support the war on terrorism; strengthen protection of U.S. borders; meet critical staffing needs; continue to construct and upgrade secure diplomatic facilities; exploit information technology; build alliances of common interests through public diplomacy; conduct strategic educational and cultural exchanges; fulfill U.S. commitments to international organizations; and finally, back international peacekeeping.
United States. Department of State
