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Terrorist Watchlist Checks and Air Passenger Prescreening [December 30, 2009]
"Considerable controversy continues to surround U.S. air passenger prescreening and terrorist watchlist checks. In the past, such controversy centered around diverted international flights and misidentified passengers. Another issue surfaced on Christmas Day 2009, when an air passenger attempted to ignite an explosive device on a Detroit-bound flight from Amsterdam. Although U.S. counterterrorism officials reportedly had created a record on the air passenger in the Terrorist Identities Datamart Environment (TIDE), which is maintained at the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC), it does not appear that the NCTC ever nominated him for entry into the U.S. government's consolidated Terrorist Screening Database, which is maintained at the Terrorist Screening Center. Therefore, he would not have been placed on watchlists used by front-line, air passenger prescreening agencies, principally the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Transportation Security Administration (TSA), and Customs and Border Protection (CBP)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Krouse, William J.; Elias, Bartholomew
2009-12-30
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Trafficking in Persons: U.S. Policy and Issues for Congress [Updated June 20, 2007]
"Trafficking in people for prostitution and forced labor is one of the most prolific areas of international criminal activity and is of significant concern to the United States and the international community. The overwhelming majority of those trafficked are women and children. According to the most recent Department of State estimates, roughly 800,000 people are trafficked across borders each year. If trafficking within countries is included in the total world figures, official U.S. estimates are that some 2 to 4 million people are trafficked annually. However, there are even higher estimates, ranging from 4 to 27 million for total numbers of forced or bonded laborers. As many as 17,500 people are believed to be trafficked to the United States each year. Human trafficking is now a leading source of profits for organized crime, together with drugs and weapons, generating billions of dollars. Trafficking in persons affects virtually every country in the world. […] In the 110th Congress, The Implementing the 9/11 Commission Recommendations Act of 2007, H.R. 1 (Thompson), approved by the House and referred to the Senate on January 9, 2007, would direct the Secretary of Homeland Security to provide specified funding and administrative support to strengthen the Human Smuggling and Trafficking Center. A related bill, the Improving America's Security Act of 2007, S. 4 (Reid), has been introduced in the Senate. The Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2007, H.R. 270 (Smith), introduced on January 5, 2007, would authorize funds for anti-trafficking programs for FY2008 through FY2010. Another bill, the Congressional Commission on the Abolition of Modern-Day Slavery Act, H.R. 2522 (Lewis), introduced on May 24, 2007, would establish a Commission to evaluate the effectiveness of current U.S. anti-slavery efforts, including anti-TIP programs, and make recommendations."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Seelke, Clare Ribando
2007-06-20
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U.S.-EU Cooperation Against Terrorism [October 3, 2012]
"The September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the United States, and subsequent deadly incidents in Europe such as the Madrid and London bombings in 2004 and 2005, gave new momentum to European Union (EU) initiatives to combat terrorism and improve police, judicial, and intelligence cooperation among its current 27 member states. Over the last decade, the EU has sought to speed up its efforts to harmonize national laws and bring down barriers among member states' law enforcement authorities so that information can be meaningfully shared and suspects apprehended expeditiously. Among other steps, the EU has established a common definition of terrorism and a common list of terrorist groups, an EU arrest warrant, enhanced tools to stem terrorist financing, and new measures to strengthen external EU border controls and improve aviation security. As part of its drive to bolster its counterterrorism capabilities, the EU has also made promoting cooperation with the United States a top priority. Washington has largely welcomed these efforts, recognizing that they may help root out terrorist cells both in Europe and elsewhere, and prevent future attacks against the United States or its interests abroad. […] U.S.-EU cooperation against terrorism has led to a new dynamic in U.S.-EU relations by fostering dialogue on law enforcement and homeland security issues previously reserved for bilateral discussions. Nevertheless, some challenges persist in fostering closer U.S.-EU cooperation in these fields. [...] This report examines the evolution of U.S.-EU counterterrorism cooperation and the ongoing challenges that may be of interest in the 112th Congress."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Archick, Kristin
2012-10-03
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U.S.-Mexican Security Cooperation: The Merida Initiative and Beyond [July 29, 2010]
"In recent years, U.S.-Mexican security cooperation has increased significantly, largely as a result of the development and implementation of the Mérida Initiative, a counterdrug and anticrime assistance package for Mexico and Central America that was first proposed in October 2007. With the recent approval of the FY2010 Supplemental Appropriations measure (H.R. 4899), Congress has provided almost $1.8 billion for the Mérida Initiative. Congress provided $248 million of that funding to Central America and included an additional $42 million for Caribbean countries. However, Congress has dedicated the vast majority of the funds--roughly $1.5 billion--to support programs in Mexico, with an emphasis on training and equipping Mexican military and police forces engaged in counterdrug efforts. Escalating drug trafficking-related violence in Mexico and the increasing control that Mexican drug trafficking organizations (DTOs) have over the illicit drug market in the United States have focused congressional attention on the efficacy of U.S-Mexican efforts and related domestic initiatives in both countries. With funding for the original Mérida Initiative technically ending in FY2010 and new initiatives underway for Central America and the Caribbean, the Obama Administration proposed a new four-pillar strategy for U.S.-Mexican security cooperation in its FY2011 budget request. That strategy focuses on: 1) disrupting organized criminal groups; 2) institutionalizing the rule of law; 3) building a 21st century border; and 4) building strong and resilient communities."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Finklea, Kristin M.; Seelke, Clare Ribando
2010-07-29
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Visa Waiver Program [Updated October 18, 2004]
"The USA PATRIOT Act enacted a requirement that by October 1, 2003, all aliens applying for admission under the VWP must have machine-readable passports; however, the act allows the Secretary of State to waive the requirement until September 30, 2007, and the requirement was waived for 22 of the 27 countries participating in the visa waiver program (VWP. In addition, the Enhanced Border Security and Visa Reform Act of 2002 requires that by October 26, 2004, all countries participating in the VWP must issue their nationals machine-readable passports that incorporate biometric identifiers; however, the deadline was extended until October 26, 2004 by P.L. 108-299. Notably, The 9/11 Commission Report recommends that DHS complete as quickly as possible a biometric entry-exit screening system. S. 2845 as passed by the Senate, would require that each VWP country, as a condition of being in the VWP, have a program to issue tamper-resident, machine-readable visa documents that incorporate biometric identifiers which are compatible with the biometric identifiers used in the US-VISIT program. There is no comparable provision in the House-passed version of S. 2845. Additional legislation, H.R. 4550, would require those entering under the VWP to undergo an electronic verification of admissibility before embarkation. Other bills would suspend the VWP (H.R. 2235, H.R. 3522, and H.R. 3534). H.R. 3956/S. 2844 would add Poland to the program. This report will be updated if legislative action occurs."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Siskin, Alison
2004-10-18
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U.S. Immigration Policy on Haitian Migrants [May 17, 2011]
"The environmental, social, and political conditions in Haiti have long prompted congressional interest in U.S. policy on Haitian migrants, particularly those attempting to reach the United States by boat. While some observers assert that such arrivals by Haitians are a breach in border security, others maintain that these Haitians are asylum seekers following a decades old practice of Haitians coming by boat without legal immigration documents. Migrant interdiction and mandatory detention are key components of U.S. policy toward Haitian migrants, but human rights advocates express concern that Haitians are not afforded the same treatment as other asylum seekers. The devastation caused last year by the January 12, 2010, earthquake in Haiti led Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Secretary Janet Napolitano to grant Temporary Protected Status (TPS) to Haitians in the United States at the time of the earthquake. The scale of humanitarian crisis-- estimated thousands of Haitians dead and collapse of the infrastructure in the capital city of Port au Prince--resulted in this TPS announcement. On May 17, 2011, Secretary Napolitano redesignated TPS for Haitians through January 22, 2013. The extension also enables eligible individuals who arrived up to one year after the earthquake in Haiti to receive TPS."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Wasem, Ruth Ellen
2011-05-17
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U.S.-Mexican Security Cooperation: The Merida Initiative and Beyond [February 16, 2011]
"In recent years, U.S.-Mexican security cooperation has increased significantly, largely as a result of the development and implementation of the Mérida Initiative, a counterdrug and anticrime assistance package for Mexico and Central America that was first proposed in October 2007. With the enactment of the FY2010 Supplemental Appropriations Act (P.L. 111-212) in July 2010, Congress has provided almost $1.8 billion for the Mérida Initiative. Congress provided $248 million of that funding to Central America and included an additional $42 million for Caribbean countries. However, Congress dedicated the vast majority of the funds--roughly $1.5 billion--to support programs in Mexico, with an early emphasis on training and equipping Mexican military and police forces engaged in counterdrug efforts. Escalating drug trafficking-related violence in Mexico has focused congressional attention on the efficacy of U.S-Mexican efforts. Reducing violence associated with organized crime (including drug trafficking), which, by Mexican government estimates, has resulted in more than 34,500 deaths since President Felipe Calderón took office in December 2006, has remained a focus of the Mérida Initiative. With funding for the original Mérida Initiative technically ending in FY2010 and new initiatives underway for Central America and the Caribbean, the Obama Administration worked with the Mexican government to develop a new four-pillar strategy for U.S.-Mexican security cooperation. That strategy, outlined in the FY2011 budget request, focuses on (1) disrupting organized criminal groups; (2) institutionalizing the rule of law; (3) building a 21st century border; and (4) building strong and resilient communities."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Seelke, Clare Ribando; Finklea, Kristin M.
2011-02-16
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U.S.-Mexican Security Cooperation: The Mérida Initiative and Beyond [January 31, 2011]
"In recent years, U.S.-Mexican security cooperation has increased significantly, largely as a result of the development and implementation of the Mérida Initiative, a counterdrug and anticrime assistance package for Mexico and Central America that was first proposed in October 2007. With the enactment of the FY2010 Supplemental Appropriations Act (P.L. 111-212) in July 2010, Congress has provided almost $1.8 billion for the Mérida Initiative. Congress provided $248 million of that funding to Central America and included an additional $42 million for Caribbean countries. However, Congress dedicated the vast majority of the funds--roughly $1.5 billion--to support programs in Mexico, with an early emphasis on training and equipping Mexican military and police forces engaged in counterdrug efforts. Escalating drug trafficking-related violence in Mexico has focused congressional attention on the efficacy of U.S-Mexican efforts. Reducing violence associated with organized crime (including drug trafficking), which, by Mexican government estimates, has resulted in more than 34,600 deaths since President Felipe Calderón took office in December 2006, has remained a focus of the Mérida Initiative. [...] The 112th Congress is likely to continue funding and overseeing the Mérida Initiative, as well as examining the degree to which the U.S. and Mexican governments are fulfilling their pledges to tackle domestic problems contributing to drug trafficking in the region. Congress may also examine the degree to which the Administration's new strategy for the Mérida Initiative complements other counterdrug and border security efforts. Given current budget constraints, Congress may also debate how best to measure the impact of current and future Mérida Initiative programs."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Seelke, Clare Ribando; Finklea, Kristin M.
2011-01-31
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U.S.-Mexican Security Cooperation: The Mérida Initiative and Beyond [June 29, 2017]
"Ten years after the Mexican government launched an aggressive, military-led campaign against drug trafficking and organized crime, violent crime continues to threaten citizen security and governance in parts of Mexico, including in cities along the U.S. southwest border. Organized crime-related violence in Mexico declined from 2011 to 2014 but rose in 2015 and again in 2016. Analysts estimate that the violence may have claimed more than 109,000 lives since December 2006. High-profile cases-particularly the enforced disappearance and murder of 43 students in Guerrero in September 2014-have drawn attention to the problem of human rights abuses involving security forces. Numerous cases of corruption by former governors, some of whom have fled the country, have increased concerns about impunity."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Seelke, Clare Ribando; Finklea, Kristin M.
2017-06-29
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Global Health Security: USAID and CDC Funding, Activities, and Assessments of Countries' Capacities to Address Infectious Disease Threats Before COVID-19 Onset, Report to Congressional Committees
From the Highlights: "The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in December 2019 demonstrated that infectious diseases can lead to catastrophic loss of life and sustained damage to the global economy. USAID [U.S. Agency for International Development] and CDC [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] have led U.S. efforts to strengthen GHS [global health security]--that is, global capacity to prepare for, detect, and respond to infectious disease threats and to reduce or prevent their spread across borders. These efforts include work related to the multilateral GHSA [Global Health Security Agenda] initiative, which aims to accelerate progress toward compliance with international health regulations and other agreements. House Report 114-693 contained a provision for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to review the use of GHS funds. In this report, GAO examines, for the 5 fiscal years before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, (1) the status of USAID's and CDC's GHS funding and activities and (2) U.S. agencies' assessments, at the end of fiscal year 2019, of GHSA partner countries' capacities to address infectious disease threats and of challenges these countries faced in building capacity."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-04
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War On Drugs: Legislation in the 108th Congress and Related Developments [Updated June 9, 2003]
"In recent years, Congress has taken an increasingly punitive stance toward drug addicts and casual users alike. A different approach has been taken by certain countries in Europe and elsewhere that are experimenting with less restrictive policies such as decriminalization and 'harm reduction' measures. The 108th Congress will receive strong encouragement from the Executive Branch to continue the all-out war on drugs. [...] Other drug control issues likely to be taken up in the first session include the drug control budget for FY2004 and confirmation by the Senate of a new head of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) due to the move of the previous DEA administrator to the position of Under Secretary for Border and Transportation Security in the new Department of Homeland Security. Other issues could also be the subject of congressional studies, investigations, and oversight hearings, if not legislation. These include state ballot initiatives regarding medical marijuana and drug treatment in lieu of incarceration, the effects of state budget deficits on the states' drug control efforts, and the impact of the anti-terrorism effort on the drug war. Other current developments concerning the war on drugs, both in the Executive Branch and elsewhere, are of likely interest to the 108th Congress. These include the President's drug-control strategy for FY2004, the success of the drug war as measured by national surveys of drug use, and actions taken by DEA against industrial hemp products and medical marijuana providers."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Eddy, Mark
2003-06-09
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War On Drugs: Legislation in the 108th Congress and Related Developments [Updated July 27, 2003]
"In recent years, Congress has taken an increasingly punitive stance toward drug addicts and casual users alike. A different approach has been taken by certain countries in Europe and elsewhere that are experimenting with less restrictive policies such as decriminalization and 'harm reduction' measures. The 108th Congress will receive strong encouragement from the Executive Branch to continue the all-out war on drugs. [...] Other drug control issues likely to be taken up in the first session include the drug control budget for FY2004 and confirmation by the Senate of a new head of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) due to the move of the previous DEA administrator to the position of Under Secretary for Border and Transportation Security in the new Department of Homeland Security. Additional issues that could be considered by the 108th Congress include state ballot initiatives regarding medical marijuana and drug treatment in lieu of incarceration, the effects of state budget deficits on the states' drug control efforts, and the impact of the anti-terrorism effort on the drug war."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Eddy, Mark
2003-07-23
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Homeland Defense: Ramping Up, But What's the Glide Path?
"The attacks of September 11, 2001 have brought about massive increases in spending for homeland security and have established defense of the homeland as a primary responsibility of the Defense Department. DoD's most recent Quadrennial Defense Review clearly states that defense of the continental United States has become a top priority for the military: 'The highest priority of the United States military is to defend the nation from all enemies. The United States will maintain sufficient military forces to protect the U.S. domestic population, its territory and its critical defense-related infrastructure against attacks emanating from outside U.S. borders as appropriate under U.S. law.'"
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Contemporary Conflict
Bravo, IIiana P.
2002-03
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Review and Assessment of United States Strategy to Combat Terrorism
The striking difference between the terrorism on September 11, 2001 (9/11), and previous terrorist events was the magnitude and success of these attacks in a society where it never happened before. In response, the Bush administration is leading a worldwide campaign against terrorism. Using unclassified sources, this research project reviews and assesses United States strategy to combat terrorism. The strength in evolving U.S. strategy to combat terrorism lies in its dependence on all elements of national power ranging from diplomacy, international cooperation and constructive engagement to economic sanctions, covert action, physical security enhancement and military force. These initiatives should be continued. This paper will discuss the strengths and deficiencies of selected elements in U.S. counter-terrorism policy and recommend changes to increase effectiveness of U.S. strategy to combat terrorism. Overall, the U.S. strategy appears to be effective. However, specific elements in U.S. strategy - organizations to combat terrorism, diplomatic policy to strike at roots of terrorism anti-Americanism, intelligence collection, allied and coalition involvement in counter-terrorism, use of the military, border controls, the media, and WMD nonproliferation - must be improved in order to make it more effective.
Army War College (U.S.)
Rainer, Richard A., Jr.
2002-04-09
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Many Countries Benefit from U.S. Antiterrorism Training
The State Department's Antiterrorism Assistance Program (ATA) has trained over 25,000 foreign police and security forces from 117 different countries in measures designed to combat, deter, and solve terrorist crimes in their countries. ATA Director Alan O. Bigler says that "in the process the program is improving both bilateral and international cooperation in the fight against terrorism." The assessment team considers five basic areas, which are seen as fundamental in any nation's defense against terrorism. Collectively they establish the framework for determining a country's ability to deter and respond to terrorist threats. In general terms, this framework involves the government's ability to: enforce the law, preserve the peace, and protect life and property; protect its national leadership, the seat and functions of government, and its resident diplomatic corps, including that of the United States; control its international borders; protect its critical infrastructure; and manage crises that have national implications. A major new area of training for ATA addresses the problems of managing the effects of a terrorist attack using chemical, biological, or radioactive materials, which are referred to as WMD. Such attacks present significant problems that are new, different, and of much greater scope than terrorist incidents involving conventional weapons. In addition to providing individual students with enhanced training, there are numerous examples where ATA training has directly thwarted or solved several major terrorist incidents or major crimes. To learn more about ATA, the program office operates its own Internet Web site, which can be found at http://www.diplomaticsecurity.org.
United States. Department of State
Bigler, Alan O.
2001-11
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National Drug Control Strategy: FY 2003 Budget Summary (February 2002)
Funding by department for FY 2001 to FY 2003 is displayed in Table 1. Demand
reduction efforts by the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Education, and ONDCP will fund new and innovative approaches for drug treatment, provide basic research on drug use, and continue prevention efforts aimed at children and adolescents. Resources for supply-reduction programs in the Departments of Justice, Treasury, Transportation, State, and Defense will continue enforcement operations targeting domestic sources of illegal drugs; enhance interdiction efforts along trafficking routes to the United States, support security along the Southwest Border, and aid efforts in Colombia and the Andean region.
United States. White House Office
2003
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Viewpoints: Improving Tribal Relations in Homeland Security [video]
In this Viewpoints interview, "Dr. James Tindall discusses tribal relations with federal and state entities regarding homeland security, bringing up issues such as tribal sovereignty, training, funding, and border jurisdiction."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Tindall, James A., 1953-
2011-04-04
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Department of Homeland Security, Homeland Security Advisory Council Public Meeting, Friday, June 5, 2009
"The Homeland Security Advisory Council (HSAC) convened at 10:15 a.m. in Ballroom B of the University of New Mexico Student Union, MSC03 2200, BLDG. 60, Suite 3020, 1 UNM, Albuquerque, NM 87131. Judge William Webster, Chair, was presiding. [...] On today's agenda, the Secretary will swear in the HSAC members. You will hear from Secretary Napolitano, Attorney General Eric Holder, and Director Gil Kerlikowske who will be speaking. Today's public meeting is being watched live at several state and local fusion centers on the southwest border and the El Paso Intelligence Center."
President's Homeland Security Advisory Council (U.S.)
2009-06-05
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Remarks of President Barack Obama in State of the Union Address -- As Prepared for Delivery [January 25, 2011]
In his January 25, 2011 State of the Union Address, President Barack Obama presents an agenda to restore the nation's economy and "win the future." President Obama discusses the need to maintain America's leadership by out-innovating, out-educating, and out-building America's global competition. He also speaks of the need to reform the way government works and to take responsibility of the deficit. On national security, President Obama discusses the passage of the New START treaty, diplomatic efforts regarding Iran and North Korea, Iraq and Afghanistan, and the fight against al Qaeda and their affiliates. In regards to immigration, the President states the need to "protect our borders, enforce our laws and address the millions of undocumented workers who are now living in the shadows."
United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary
2011-01-25
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Press Gaggle by Deputy Press Secretary Bill Burton aboard Air Force One en Route Austin, Texas [August 9, 2010]
In this August 9, 2010 press gaggle, Deputy Press Secretary Bill Burton answers questions on border security, U.S. Attorneys, and Justice Department negotiations with BP, among other topics.
United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary
2010-08-09
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Fact Sheet: Transnational Organized Crime: Growing Risk to U.S. and Global Interests
"Certain types of international crime -- terrorism, human trafficking, drug trafficking, and contraband smuggling -- involve serious violence and physical harm. Other forms -- fraud, extortion, money laundering, bribery, economic espionage, intellectual property theft, and counterfeiting -- don't require guns to cause major damage. Consequences include the loss of profits, productivity, and jobs for Americans at home, as well as negative public health consequences. Moreover, new categories of cybercrime continue to emerge and expand in both scale and sophistication. For the United States, international crime poses threats on three broad, interrelated fronts. First, the impact is felt directly on the streets of virtually every community in America. Drugs, migrants, firearms, counterfeit merchandise, child pornography, and other contraband are illegally smuggled into the United States every year, undermining our border security and inflicting harm on society and individuals. Transnational criminal gangs commit crimes affecting the safety and well being of Americans--often collaborating with peers beyond the territory of United States, and vice versa. Few (if any) threats from abroad have a more visible and pervasive impact on the lives of U.S. citizens than transnational crime."
United States. Department of State
2010-09-10
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Defeating Terrorism in Syria: A New Way Forward, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Terrorism, Nonproliferation, and Trade of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, United States House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifteenth Congress, First Session, February 14, 2017
This is the hearing compilation for the February 14, 2017 hearing "Defeating Terrorism in Syria: A New Way Forward" before the House Subcommittee on Terrorism, Nonproliferation, and Trade. From the statement of Hassan Hassan: "Stability in Syria is an important national security interest for the United States. Much of Syria is a geographic space controlled or dominated by Al Qaeda and the Islamic State. The country borders key regional partners. The persistent refugee crisis threatens the stability of Europe. The two-pronged threat of international terrorism, emanating from both Al Qaeda and the Islamic State, is fuelled by the continuing conflict. Despite the grim situation in the country, the US government has an opportunity to stem the challenges presented by the two international terrorist organisations and their enablers. [...] The strategy I am proposing is a baseline. It requires minimal American commitment, building on what the US is already doing in Syria against the Islamic State, without which any fight against jihadism is doomed to fail. Pre-existing resources and hard power should be supplemented with a policy that deliberately immunizes the liberated areas from falling back to extremist forces. This strategy is not an invitation for American occupation or long-term 'nation-building' that President Donald Trump has explicitly criticized. Instead, it is both realistic and essential, expanding on battlefield victories already scored over the last two-and-a-half years of Operation Inherent Resolve against the Islamic State in northern, eastern and southern Syria." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Hassan Hassan, Frederic C. Hof, and Melissa Dalton.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs
2017-02-14
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U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Language Access Plan [November 2016]
"This Language Access Plan (LAP) implements the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) language access policy and establishes a system within U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to implement Executive Order 13166, Improving Access to Services for Persons with Limited English Proficiency (LEP) (August 11, 2000), which requires, among other things, that each Federal agency 'examine the services it provides and develop and implement a system by which LEP persons can meaningfully access those services consistent with, and without unduly burdening, the fundamental mission of the agency.' In addition to describing CBP's current language access activities, the Plan includes steps to improve and increase language services for LEP individuals in operations, services, activities, and programs across CBP."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
2016-11-18
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Evolution of the Global SOF Enterprise from a Partner Perspective
"Military leaders of all branches and departments confront foreign policy on behalf of their governments, developing capacities and resilience to win the current fight against an adversary that in many cases is unknown or has a complex leadership structure. Knowing whom to trust and who is willing to support a nation's efforts becomes important as leaders build a 'coalition of the willing.' Through the Global Special Operations Forces Network (GSN), Special Operations Forces (SOF) can execute integrated campaigning with partners to facilitate dialogue across borders, shortening lines of communication and continuing development of high technology solutions. As information is transmitted across the world in seconds, timely planning and coordination in support of an operation becomes more important than ever in order to protect soldiers and win the current fight. It has become apparent that the growing complexity of each mission demands an ever-increasing ability for situational awareness. The creation and implementation of the GSN by partner nations has created cost-effective coordination solutions and, through that, increased security for deployed personnel across the globe. Moreover, enhanced understanding by political leaders and senior military officials on how to exploit the vast opportunities the GSN provides in support of creating a coalition has yielded progress in the fight against Daesh."
Joint Special Operations University (U.S.)
Lysgard, Asbjorn
2016-10
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Posture of the Department of the Army, Hearing Before the Committee on Armed Services, United States Senate, One Hundred Fourteenth Congress, Second Session, April 7, 2016
This testimony compilation is from the April 7, 2016 hearing on "Posture of the Department of the Army" before the U.S. Senate Committee on Armed Services. From the statement of Patrick J. Murphy: "The United States Army is the most formidable ground combat force on earth. America's Army has convincingly demonstrated its competence and effectiveness in diverse missions overseas and in the homeland. Today, these missions include: fighting terrorists around the world; training Afghan and Iraqi Army forces; peacekeeping in the Sinai Peninsula and Kosovo; missile defense in the Persian Gulf; security assistance in Africa and South America; deterrence in Europe, the Republic of Korea, and Kuwait; rapid deployment global contingency forces; and response forces for the homeland. Additionally, we maintain 12,000 miles of U.S. waterways; respond to hurricanes, floods, and severe snowstorms; patrol our Southwest border; and assist with the response to the outbreak of pandemic diseases. In support of these U.S. Geographic Combatant Command missions, the Army has approximately 190,000 Soldiers deployed to 140 countries. Largely due to deliberate investments in Soldier training, equipping, and leader development, today's Army continues to excel at these diverse and enduring missions. However, we cannot become complacent, remain static, and look to the past or present to be a guarantor of future victory. To sustain this high performance and remain prepared for potential contingencies, the Army must make the most of the resources entrusted to us by the American people. This ultimately requires a balance of competing requirements--readiness, end strength, and modernization--to ensure America's Army remains ready to fight and win both today and in the future." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Patrick J. Murphy and Mark A. Milley.
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services
2016-04-07
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South Asian Voices [website]
"South Asian Voices (SAV) is an online platform for strategic analysis on South Asia. Hosted by theStimson Center in Washington, D.C., SAV seeks to encourage emerging policy analysts and academics from the region to engage in critical inquiry and free-flowing debate on South Asia's security, political, and economic affairs. SAV provides greater visibility and deepened debate across borders to a rising generation of strategic thinkers on the subcontinent. Contributors put forth innovative analysis, challenge misperceptions, and engage in respectful, thoughtful commentary to enhance understanding of the region. SAV editors engage contributors in a thorough, collaborative review process to ensure their voices are heard by scholars and policymakers in Islamabad, New Delhi, Washington, and beyond. Views presented on SAV do not necessarily reflect the institutional positions of the Stimson Center. SAV does not offer financial compensation to authors. However, it does work to promote visibility of their work throughout South Asia and the United States. High quality submissions will be prominently featured on the site, engaged with by leading experts, promoted through social media, discussed in SAV podcasts, and cross-published in other leading online platforms or magazines. A small number of Visiting Fellowships are also offered biannually to outstanding analysts who contribute a substantial number of high quality submissions. SAV Visiting Fellows are hosted for one month at the Stimson Center in Washington, D.C. to develop a research project, meet with leading scholars and policy makers, and publish articles in different venues."
Henry L. Stimson Center
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Privacy Impact Assessment Update for the Electronic System for travel Authorization (ESTA) [September 1, 2016]
From the Abstract: "The Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA) is a web-based application and screening system used to determine whether citizens and nationals from countries participating in the Visa Waiver Program (VWP)1 are eligible to travel to the United States. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is publishing this update to the Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) for ESTA, last updated on June 20, 2016, to provide notice and assess the privacy risks associated with recent enhancements to the ESTA application questionnaire, including the addition of an optional field for social media usernames or identifiers for all ESTA applicants."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
2016-09-01
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Privacy Impact Assessment for the Central Index System (CIS)
From the Abstract: "The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) maintains the Central Index System (CIS). CIS contains information on the status of applicants and petitioners seeking immigrant and non-immigrant benefits to include: lawful permanent residents, naturalized citizens, United States border crossers, aliens who illegally entered the United States, aliens who have been issued employment authorization documents, individuals who petitioned for benefits on behalf of family members, and other individuals subject to the provisions of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA). USCIS is updating and reissuing the CIS Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) to clarify CIS' functionalities and to update the systems interconnected to CIS."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2017-04-07
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Crime, Law and Social Change [website]
"Crime, Law and Social Change publishes peer reviewed, original research articles addressing crime and the political economy of crime, whether at the global, national, regional or local levels, anywhere in the world. The Journal often presents work on financial crime, corruption, organized criminal groups, criminal enterprises and illegal markets, state crime, terrorism and security issues, cybercrime, cross-border crime and environmental crime. In addition, Crime, Law and Social Change welcomes criminological research in the areas of human rights, comparative and international criminal justice, compensation and justice for serious crime victims, international criminal law and cooperation. Finally, the Journal publishes multi-disciplinary criminological research focusing on gender, age, racial and ethnic equality issues."
Springer Publishing Company
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Global Trends 2010
"In fall 1996, the National Intelligence Council (NIC) and the Institute for National Strategic Studies (INSS) held a series of conferences at National Defense University to identify key global trends and their impact on major regions and countries of the globe. The exercise was designed to help describe and assess major features of the political world as they will appear in the year 2010. [...] The structure of international relations has been based primarily on relations between states, not developments within them. This was true whether under balance of power politics of the 19th century, superpower diplomacy of the last fifty years, or efforts at collective security as embodied in the United Nations. In all three variations, order rested fundamentally on a stable arrangement of power among states. States, in turn, were masters within their borders. This has been the hallmark of the international system that emerged at the end of World War II and the environment within which the United States has become the global superpower. That system is drawing to an end."
National Intelligence Council (U.S.); United States. Office of the Director of National Intelligence
1997-11
