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Braving the Swarm: Lowering Anticipated Group Bias in Integrated Fire/Police Units Facing Paramilitary Terrorism
From the thesis abstract: "The Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) has responded to the consequences of terrorist incidents for decades, but global trends in active-shooter terrorism may force firefighters to operate in an active, hostile environment, and not just in the aftermath of attacks. In assault-style terrorism, a swift-moving, networked enemy combines small-arms with explosives or accelerants, causing extensive fires and smoke conditions, further endangering victims or hostages. To continue its position as a lead innovator in the national fire service, the FDNY must create new strategies and collaborations to frame its participation in swarm-like terrorist attacks, requiring a plurality of expertise from the across the emergency-responder spectrum. In light of this emerging threat, the all-hazards approach is no longer adequate. The answer to Mumbai-style attacks may require combined fire/police units. The units can only succeed with an understanding of group bias, which must be attenuated or managed for the integrated unit to function effectively."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security; Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.)
Newman, Sean S.
2011-03
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State of Emergency: The Disaster of Cutting Preparedness Grants, Hearing Before the Committee on Homeland Security, Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications, United Sates House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourteenth Congress, Second Session, March 15, 2016
This testimony compilation is from the March 15, 2016 hearing "State of Emergency: The Disaster of Cutting Preparedness Grants" before the Committee on Homeland Security, Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications held on March 15, 2016. From the opening statement of Chairman Donovan: "As Chairman of the subcommittee on emergency preparedness, response, and communications, one of my fundamental responsibilities is to ensure our nation's first responders have the tools that they need to protect this country and God forbid, respond to the next terrorist attack. That is why my first hearing is focusing on the dangerous cuts to homeland security grants proposed in the president's fiscal year 2017 budget request. The president's budget cuts more than five hundred million dollars from programs that support states, cities, ports, transit systems, and fire services. This funding helps provide the training and equipment so critical to enabling our first responders to meet threats as varied as active shooters scenarios, mass causality events from a nuclear, chemical, or biological attack, and bomb plots targeting civilians in high traffic areas. "Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Bill de Blasio, Jim Butterworth, Rhoda Mae Kerr, George Turner, Mike Sena, and W. Greg Kierce.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security
2016-03-15
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To Save Lives and Property: High Threat Response
From the abstract: "The emergency services community must recognize that the world is constantly changing and adjust accordingly. It will have to be more nimble and proactive with its capabilities if it wants to prepare effectively for future threats and respond to atypical emergencies. Over the past several years, fire, law enforcement and emergency medical services communities have not adapted their missions or capabilities to prepare, train, and respond effectively in a joint capacity to perhaps the two most imminent, nonconforming threats facing communities across America -- the active shooter and fire as a weapon. These are incidents that necessitate an integrated response; traditional single agency 'stove piped' responses will not be effective in saving lives and property. If we do not integrate Fire/EMS and law enforcement capabilities for these imminent threats, not only will civilian lives be lost, but those of first responders will be as well."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Delaney, John; Atwater, Paul A.; Marino, Michael . . .
2015-06
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Making Prevention a Reality: Identifying, Assessing, and Managing the Threat of Targeted Attacks
"Traditional law enforcement techniques historically have focused on the apprehension and prosecution of violent offenders 'after' violent crimes are committed. When police are given information that someone may potentially commit a crime or become violent in the future, their responsibilities, authorities, and available investigative tools are suddenly less clear. This guide is about threat assessment and management, or stated another way, 'how law enforcement officers and others may identify, assess, and manage the risk of future, planned violence'. This task is a complex and nuanced one. Published research about intended violence and its perpetrators, along with knowledge and experience derived from previous cases, are applied to the facts and circumstances of each case. In other words, there is a lot to think about. The FBI Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU) held a symposium in mid-2015, bringing together academic researchers, mental health experts, and law enforcement practitioners of threat assessment to discuss the active shooter phenomenon. Specifically, symposium participants focused on prevention strategies with regard to this crime problem. By far the most valuable prevention strategy identified was the threat assessment and management team. The good news is that every organization and community has the potential to stand up or access such a team. The intent of this publication is, therefore, to provide desperately needed guidance on making this a reality for every community based upon a consensus of recommendations in an evolving field. Recommendations are offered about this process in very practical terms. It is not intended as an academic textbook but rather as a hands-on guide for novice and experienced threat assessment practitioners alike."
United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation
Amman, Molly; Bowlin, Matthew; Buckles, Lesley . . .
2017-02
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Militarized Maneuver Terrorism
"Militarized Maneuver Terrorism (MMT) is an evolving tactic posing a direct threat to the perception of security in the United States. Militarized Maneuver Terrorists (MMTs) are multiple (more than two) highly trained individuals, well-armed and capable of executing planned and coordinated attacks. Using case studies from Beslan, Russia, Mumbai, India, and Nairobi, Kenya, MMTs were found to be substantively different than active shooters and current response protocols likely ineffective. Examining a means, opportunity and intent framework, the thesis concludes deterrence is preferred over response to avoid physical, economic and psychological harm from such an attack. MMT deterrence may be achieved through five lines of effort using both covert and overt approaches. Disrupting foreign terrorist safe havens, enhancing Border Security, training law enforcement in infantry tactics, and widespread and legal citizenry possession of concealed firearms, combined with information operations could make the United States a less attractive target for MMT."
U.S. Army Command and General Staff College
Broyles, Craig Alan
2015-06
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Lessons Learned from the Pulse Nightclub Shooting: An Interview with Staff from Orlando Regional Medical Center
From the Document: "On June 12, 2016, a gunman opened fire in Orlando's Pulse nightclub, killing 49 people and wounding at least 66. Dr. John Hick (ASPR [Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response] TRACIE's [Technical Resources, Assistance Center and Information Exchange] Senior Editor) interviewed the responding trauma surgeons, emergency physicians, and the director of emergency preparedness in charge of Orlando Regional Medical Center's response to this horrific incident to learn more about their experiences and lessons learned. The staff noted several challenges, including issues related to the infrequent use of the mass casualty notification system by emergency medical services (EMS) agencies, staff silencing their cell phones while off-duty, staff experiencing difficulties with getting to work (due to closed roads), the confusion associated with the rumor of an active shooter at the hospital, and the family reunification process. Despite these challenges, the staff felt that the response worked well overall--due, in part, to conducting exercises and planning ahead, they never ran out of supplies and were able to identify all patients within 24 hours."
United States. Technical Resources, Assistance Center and Information Exchange
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EMR-ISAC: InfoGram, Volume 19 Issue 26, July 25, 2019
The Emergency Management and Response Information Sharing and Analysis Center's (EMR-ISAC) InfoGram is a weekly publication of information concerning the protection of critical infrastructures relevant to members of the Emergency Services Sector. This issue includes the following articles: "FBI Quick Reference Guide on Active Shooter Pre-Attack Behaviors"; "New NTAS [National Terrorism Advisory System] Bulletin Focus on Homegrown Threats"; "Millennials Might Just Be What The Fire Service Needs"; "IPSA [International Public Safety Association] 2019 Natural and Manmade Disaster Recovery Symposium"; "Ransomware Attacks Rampant, Paying Still Not a Good Option"; "Insider Attacks More Difficult to Detect, Prevent than External Attacks"; "Webinar: Holistic Approach to Mitigating Insider Threat"; "Why 72 Percent of People Still Recycle Passwords"; and "Are You Still Running Windows 7? Microsoft Ends Support in 2020."
Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.)
2019-07-25
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Armed Deterrence: Countering Soft Target Attacks
From the Thesis Abstract: "The continued rise of self-radicalized lone-wolf terrorist attacks and mass shootings by mentally unstable individuals presents significant security challenges for military personnel serving outside of DoD facilities and at geographically separated units that offer no security. The recent attack on a recruiting center in Chattanooga, TN highlights this concern and raises the question of whether arming additional military members is a prudent force protection measure to counter this emerging threat. The overall intent of this paper is to argue that arming select military members with an 'open carry' firearms policy is a prudent force protection measure for Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) detachments because it provides a visual 'deterrent' against soft target attacks. Further, if perceptual deterrence should fail, an 'open carry' firearms policy is most often the only viable means to stop (deny) an active shooter in order to safeguard the lives of military personnel. This paper uses a qualitative approach to argue that the benefits of arming ROTC Cadre with an open carry firearms policy outweigh the perceived risks of implementation."
Air University (U.S.). Air War College
Bowman, John K.
2016-02-06
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Guardian: Antiterrorism Journal [Vol. 13, No. 1, Spring 2011]
From the Joint Chiefs of Staff website: "The Guardian Antiterrorism Journal is published for the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff by J-34, Deputy Directorate for Antiterrorism/Homeland Defense. The Guardian Antiterrorism Journal is part of an ongoing effort to build and maintain a community of Antiterrorism/Force Protection (AT/FP) professionals. AT/FP ensures DOD [Department of Defense] personnel have the capability to carry out operations in complex threat environments. The publication's objectives are to: (1) share knowledge, support discussion and impart lessons learned in a timely fashion (2) to support those responsible for developing and implementing AT/FP policy, doctrine and programs. The Guardian Antiterrorism Journal supports DOD personnel in their efforts to: assess vulnerability and risk; detect, deter, and prevent terrorist attacks; and effectively respond to and mitigate incidents or disasters." This Spring 2011 edition includes the following articles: "FPED VIII: Force Protection and Antiterrorism"; "Joint Antiterrorism Doctrine Update"; "Khobar Towers and the Birth of Modern Antiterrorism"; "Army AT Awareness is Contracting"; "An Out-of-the-Box Proposal: Countering Active Shooter Attacks on DoD Installations"; and "Raising the Focus on Man-Portable Air Defense Systems".
United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff
2011
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FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin: September 2010
This issue of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Law Enforcement Bulletin features three articles: "Revisiting Active-Shooter Protocols for Schools" by Michael E. Buerger and Geoffrey E. Buerger; "Effective Firearms Training" by Keith Cain; and "The Supreme Court Revisits the Miranda Right to Silence" by Jonathan L. Rudd. Other information in this edition includes: "Focus on Report Accuracy: Use-of-Force Reports"; "Unusual Weapon: Walker Sword"; "Bulletin Reports: Youth's Needs and Services Juveniles in Residential Placement"; and "Leadership Spotlight: Walk with Me".
United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation
2010-09
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EMR-ISAC: InfoGram, Volume 19 Issue 25, July 18, 2019
The Emergency Management and Response Information Sharing and Analysis Center's (EMR-ISAC) InfoGram is a weekly publication of information concerning the protection of critical infrastructures relevant to members of the Emergency Services Sector. This issue includes the following articles: "Clark County Sheriff releases Route 91 shooting after-action report"; "Smoke alarms recalled due to risk of failure to alert"; "CHEMTREC grant helps volunteer departments fund hazmat training"; "NFPA [National Fire Protection Association] Standard for An Active Shooter/Hostile Event podcasts"; "Coast Guard issues cybersecurity warnings for commercial vessels"; "Deepfake videos: nearly impossible to know the video isn't real"; "Webinar: IoT [Internet of Things] Applications and Instant Networks for Law Enforcement"; and "Mayor group adopts resolution not to pay any more ransoms to hackers".
Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.)
2019-07-18
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EMR-ISAC: InfoGram 38-10 [September 23, 2010]
This Emergency Management and Response Information Sharing and Analysis Center Infogram contains information regarding: "Active Shooter Incidents"; "Arson: An Overlooked Threat"; "Staying Alive on Duty"; and "Center for Domestic Preparedness Courses".
Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.)
2010-09-23
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Ten Years Later: Major Homeland Security Mandates of the 9/11 Commission Act
From the executive summary: "In the ten years since the enactment of the 9/11 Commission Act, the terrorist threat landscape has evolved. It has diversified and splintered to encompass numerous al Qaeda affiliates--most notably Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)--as well as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). [...] Since the 9/11 attacks, the nature of incidents has shifted away from complex, coordinated operations carried out by trained and funded operatives against high profile targets, to attacks carried out by individuals with little to no training or support, such -as active shooter attacks, homemade improvised explosive devices, and vehicular manslaughter. Today, America is far better equipped than it was on September 11, 2001, to prepare for, prevent, and respond to acts of terrorism and other catastrophic events. The gains in preparedness are exemplified by the heroic responses to the Boston Marathon Bombings in 2013, the San Bernardino terrorist attack in December 2015, the Orlando night club mass shooting in June 2016, and the New York/New Jersey bombings in October 2016. Since 9/11, Federal investments in local preparedness and bolstering information sharing have helped deliver measurable progress in the level of security across the Nation. Still, we must stay vigilant and fully-engaged with homeland security partners to effectively address the dynamic range of threats that, in addition to traditional terrorist threats, today include cybersecurity attacks on critical infrastructure and violence by neo-Nazi, white supremacist, anti-government, and other domestic terror groups."
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security
2017-09-11?
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Is the Mid America Regional Council Prepared: An Evaluation of the Kansas City Metropolitan Emergency Response System
From the Thesis Abstract: "Since 2000, over 220 active shooter events and numerous natural disasters have occurred in the United States (US) resulting in mass casualty incidents. These incidents have the potential to overwhelm available emergency response personnel and equipment depending on the cause and number of casualties. [...] This research will analyze a regional emergency response system, the Mid America Regional Council (MARC), and its compliance with the National Response Framework (NRF). The use of the case study method will evaluate two regional emergency response systems; a much smaller metropolitan's capability to a much larger metropolitan's actual mass casualty incident response. The purpose of identifying the requirements is to enhance regional response systems regardless of population size. The overall goal is to identify best practices to attain maximum operational reach and promote whole community effort in support of homeland security."
U.S. Army Command and General Staff College
Singleton, Brandon D.
2018-06-15
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Strategic Foresight Initiative: Evolving Terrorist Threat
"There are several ways that terrorist tactics are likely to evolve in the coming decades: 1)Terrorists may favor attack methods that exploit perceived vulnerabilities, such as adopting active shooter tactics and finding new methods of concealing dangerous materials 2) Terrorists will continue to pursue opportunities to inflict mass casualties 3) The nature of the threat from international Islamic terrorist groups is likely to change, particularly considering the Arab Spring and death of Osama bin Laden 4) Homegrown violent extremism will likely continue to emerge as a significant threat".
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2011-09
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EMR-ISAC: InfoGram, Volume 12 Issue 49 [December 13, 2012]
This document from the Emergency Management and Response Information Sharing and Analysis Center (EMR-ISAC) is "distributed weekly to provide members of the Emergency Services Sector with information concerning the protection of their critical infrastructures." Sections include: "Police Recognize Active Shooter Response," "HSIN [Homeland Security Information Network] Upgrades Coming in 2013," "NWS [National Weather Service] Works to Simplify Weather Messaging," and "Red Cross Releases Wildfire App for Public."
Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.)
2012-12-13
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EMR-ISAC: InfoGram, Volume 13 Issue 4 [January 24, 2013]
This edition of the Emergency Management and Response Information Sharing and Analysis Center's "InfoGram" contains the following articles: "Campus Fire Documentary Shows Aftermath"; "Planning for 'Single Point of Failure' Incidents"; "FCC [Federal Communications Commission] Issues Report on 9-1-1 Derecho Outages"; and "DHS Creates Active Shooter Preparedness Site".
Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.)
2013-01-24
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Serial No. 113-59: Lessons from the LAX Shooting, Hearing before the Subcommittee on Transportation Security of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, Second Session, March 28 and May 29, 2014
This is the March 28/ May 29, 2014 hearings titled "Lessons from the LAX Shooting." The hearing was presented before the U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Transportation Security of the Committee on Homeland Security. From the opening statements of the Honorable Richard Hudson: "The shooting that occurred here at Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) exposed significant weaknesses in the ability of Federal and local personnel to communicate and coordinate during an emergency, weaknesses that I expect that exist in other airports across the country. Perhaps these weaknesses stem from resource constraints, or clashes between agencies, or a belief that an incident like this is unlikely. It is certainly easier to push emergency planning and exercises off to sometime in the distant future rather than making them a top priority for today when you have so many other competing demands for time and resources. Having said that, I think most of my colleagues will agree that 13 years after 9/11, these types of flaws cannot be tolerated regardless of the reasons. […] (W)e have had the benefit of reviewing Transportation Security Administration's (TSA) recent report, which highlights several recommended actions, including mandatory active-shooter training for screeners, improved communication systems, and enhanced law enforcement presence at checkpoints and ticket counters during peak travel times." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: John S. Pistole, Patrick M. Gannon, Gina M. Lindsey, J. D. Cox Sr., Frank Capello, Michael J. Landguth, Kevin Murphy, and Marshall McClain.
United States. Government Printing Office
2014
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S. Hrg. 114-592: Frontline Response to Terrorism in America, Hearing Before the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Fourteenth Congress, Second Session, February 2, 2016
This is the February 2, 2016 hearing on "Frontline Response to Terrorism in America," held before the U.S. Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. From the opening statement of Ron Johnson: "The issues that we deal with in this Committee, I think, speak right to our mission statement: to enhance the economic and national security of America. And what we have here today is a hearing that is really going to be talking about what happens at the ground level-the men and women who really spend their lives trying to protect the rest of us, and the very difficult issues that they are grappling with. We have Chief Wally Sparks from Wisconsin here. I met him at one of our listening sessions as I traveled through Wisconsin talking about national security issues. And the way that this hearing, from my standpoint, is designed is that we want to listen to Chief Sparks, who is trying to prepare for what the rest of you have actually had to deal with, and what he is trying to grapple with. And then, as we move on down the list in terms of the testimony, you can start filling in, at that moment, whether you had an active shooter or whether it was an act of terrorism that you were having to deal with. Tell us what worked, what did not work, and what we have to really improve." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Wally Sparks, William J. Bratton, Rhoda Mae Kerr, Edward F. Davis, and Mark S. Ghilarducci.
United States. Government Publishing Office
2017
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Incident Commander: A Training Simulation for Public Safety Personnel
"Incident Commander is a NIMS-compliant training tool for Homeland Security. The game puts you in the role of incident commander, challenging you to coordinate a multi-agency (fire, police, EMS, HAZMAT, public works, operations, planning, finance, and logistics units) response using the National Incident Management System (NIMS) protocol. Work in single player mode to control all units yourself, or assign specific unit command to up to 16 participants and tackle the impending catastrophe as a unified team before the situation spirals out of control. [...] BreakAway partnered with the Department of Justice to create Incident Commander. Its current use is to train users to learn and apply incident command protocol in scenarios that include severe storm recovery, chemical spills, courthouse bombings, and active shooters in a school building."
National Institute of Justice (U.S.)
2007
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Test Report: Virtual Trainer Simulation Program
Taken from the Executive Summary: "The operational field assessment (OFA) of the Virtual Training (VT) Simulation Program, also known as the Enhanced Dynamic Geo-Social Environment (EDGE), was conducted from November 17 to 18, 2013, at the Sacramento Police Department headquarters in Sacramento, California. Thirty-six first responders from the Sacramento Police Department, Sacramento Fire Department, and Los Angeles Fire Department participated. The Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate's First Responders Group (FRG) partnered with the U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command's Simulation and Training Technology Center (STTC) to develop VT. FRG leveraged the U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command and STTC EDGE program, building upon the Army's virtual framework to meet the needs of first responders across the nation. The need for a tool that allows first responders to train for high-impact events that require a multi-jurisdictional and multi-agency response served as the impetus behind its development. VT creates a virtual environment that can be accessed from disparate locations through the Internet or a local area network. It also allows for modification and customization at a minimum cost. The OFA featured an active shooter scenario that occurred in a virtual replica of a local Sacramento hotel. The participating first responders noted an overall positive experience with EDGE. They believed that the simulation was realistic and accurate enough to help achieve their training needs for high-impact events. First responders also found the training--approximately one hour--to be straightforward and helpful, which is indicative of a mild to moderate learning curve and a well-designed graphical user interface."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Science and Technology Directorate
Patel, Bhargav
2014-02
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LLIS Innovative Practice: Oklahoma's School Safety Initiatives
"Oklahoma developed two programs--Safe Schools 101 and the Oklahoma School Security Institute (OSSI)--to protect students from natural and manmade hazards. Together, these programs protect schools from the dangers of tornadoes and enhance school security and response plans. […] In response to the deaths of school children caused by the May 20, 2013 tornadoes and the December 14, 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, Oklahoma developed Safe Schools 101 and OSSI to improve safety in public schools. Safe Schools 101 funds structural evaluations and safe room retrofits and installations in schools to protect students from natural disasters. OSSI provides school officials with security measures and active shooter training, administers a tip-line, and offers mental health support services to students."
Lessons Learned Information Sharing (LLIS)
2014-10-14?
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Solutions for Safe Communities: FY 2012 Annual Report to Congress
From the Message from the Director: "This Report to Congress highlights key resources that BJA [Bureau of Justice Assistance] provided to the field in fiscal year (FY) 2012, demonstrating the many examples of how these resources enabled our stakeholders to work with partners and communities to build exciting, worthwhile projects tailored to their local needs and conditions. Some of the most successful initiatives described in this report sprang from good ideas that were generated in the field. Officer safety continues to be a primary focus for BJA. BJA's VALOR (Preventing Violence Against Law Enforcement and Ensuring Officer Resiliency and Survivability) program is a national officer safety initiative that provides evidence-based TTA [training and technical assistance] to help prevent violence against law enforcement officers and ensure their resilience and survivability following violent encounters. VALOR training is based on research and lessons learned from past incidents. As part of the VALOR initiative, BJA's Advanced Law Enforcement Rapid Response Training (ALERRT) supports the increased demand for active shooter response training. BJA and the Federal Bureau of Investigation have partnered to develop and offer ALERRT free of charge to state and local law enforcement throughout the nation. BJA's Justice Reinvestment Initiative is a data-driven approach to improving public safety by reducing corrections and related criminal justice spending and reinvesting the savings into strategies that can strengthen neighborhoods and decrease crime. To date, competitive awards have been made to national TTA providers that offer free, direct services to states. Thirty-five jurisdictions now participate in the Justice Reinvestment Initiative."
United States. Department of Justice
2014-07?
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LLIS Trend Analysis: School Safety: Ensuring Emergency Response Personnel Are Familiar with School Facilities
"Ensuring that emergency personnel are familiar with campus layout and facilities can contribute to effective responses to active shooter incidents at schools. Exercise and incident after action reports (AARs) indicate that jurisdictions employ a variety of methods for building and maintaining familiarity with school facilities, including training, exercises, site visits, sharing building schematics, and assigning knowledgeable personnel to assist mutual aid personnel."
Lessons Learned Information Sharing (LLIS)
2012-08-07?
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The Exchange, Issue 3, 2016
"The third issue of the ASPR TRACIE [Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, Technical Resources, Assistance Center, and Information Exchange] newsletter, The Exchange, focuses on healthcare facility preparedness for--and response to--no-notice events. Active shooter rumors and actual mass shootings have increased in frequency (e.g., at the Pulse nightclub in Orlando, a county facility in San Bernardino, and during a protest in Dallas) and have emphasized the need for healthcare facilities to make no-notice events a substantive part of their all-hazards planning. ASPR TRACIE had the honor of working closely with subject matter experts to gather the most current information on this critical topic."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response
2016
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SAVER Highlight: Magnifying Patrol Rifle Scopes [May 2013]
"Magnifying patrol rifle scopes aid in aiming patrol rifles by providing a magnified view of distant threats, such as gunmen. Law enforcement personnel may use magnifying patrol rifle scopes during active shooter situations, felony car stops, and field searches, as well as for perimeter containment."
System Assessment and Validation for Emergency Responders (SAVER); United States. Department of Homeland Security
2013-03
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SAVER Assessment Summary: Magnifying Patrol Rifle Scopes [May 2014 ]
"A magnifying patrol rifle scope aids in aiming a patrol rifle by providing a magnified view of distant threats such as gunmen. Law enforcement personnel may use magnifying patrol rifle scopes during active shooter situations, felony car stops, and field searches, as well as for perimeter containment. In order to provide responders with information on currently available magnifying patrol rifle scopes, the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center (SPAWARSYSCEN) Atlantic conducted a comparative assessment for the System Assessment and Validation for Emergency Responders (SAVER) Program in July 2013."
System Assessment and Validation for Emergency Responders (SAVER); United States. Department of Homeland Security
2014-05
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SAVER Application Note: Individual Officer Trauma Kits [October 2015]
"Individual officer trauma kits contain essential supplies for treating life-threatening traumatic injuries, such as gunshot and stab wounds, in a field environment before certified medical assistance can reach the scene. Whether used for emergency self-care or treatment of another person, these kits--sometimes referred to as individual first aid kits and individual patrol officer kits--can save lives by providing a means to immediately treat life-threatening injuries, primarily by stopping excessive external bleeding. This application note presents information on individual officer trauma kits and their application in response to active shooter incidents [...]."
System Assessment and Validation for Emergency Responders (SAVER); United States. Department of Homeland Security
2015-10
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Planning Considerations: Complex Coordinated Terrorist Attacks
"This guide supports planning for Complex Coordinated Terrorist Attacks (CCTAs) and provides a summary of their unique characteristics. [...] CCTAs are an evolving and dynamic terrorist threat, shifting from symbolic, highly planned attacks to attacks that could occur anywhere, at any time, with the potential for mass casualties and infrastructure damage. Although some characteristics of a CCTA are similar to an active shooter incident (e.g., use of firearms, potential for large numbers of fatalities, responding organizations and resources), the complexities of CCTAs (e.g., multiple teams, attack locations, and weapon types) may represent additional challenges to jurisdictions. CCTAs require the delivery of community capabilities and resources across a wide range of Core Capabilities."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
2018-07
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K-12 School Security: A Guide for Preventing and Protecting Against Gun Violence (2nd Edition)
"Educational agencies and institutions face a myriad of threats that include tornadoes, hurricanes, student bullying, drugs, and gang violence, just to name a few. School officials conduct assessments to properly prepare and mitigate these hazards on a continuous basis. This resource guide was developed to address only one of the specific threats that schools face - gun violence. The intent is to outline preventive and protective measures specifically for K-12 institutions to address the risk posed by an active shooter."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
2018
