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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 1036, Bassam Barabandi Rewards for Justice Act
This is the Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate as ordered reported by the House Committee on Foreign Affairs on April 21, 2021. From the Document: "H.R. 1036 would authorize the Department of State to offer rewards for information about the identity or location of individuals and entities that defy sanctions imposed by the United States or the United Nations. [...] To the extent that the bill would result in the department paying more rewards, implementing H.R. [House of Representatives Bill] 1036 would increase spending subject to appropriation; however, it is uncertain whether and when the department would do so. Accounting for that uncertainty and using information about past awards--averaging about $7 million each year--CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that under H.R. 1036 the department would pay less than $500,000, on average, in additional awards in any given year and a total of $1 million over the 2021-2026 period. That spending would be subject to the availability of appropriated funds."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2021-05-04
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Sanctions Programs Targeting Human Traffickers: In Brief [April 22, 2021]
From the Document: "This CRS [Congressional Research Service] In Brief describes the role of the U.S. Department of the Treasury (hereafter Treasury) in combating trafficking in persons, and addresses the extent to which sanctions programs administered by the department's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) target foreign human traffickers."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Rosen, Liana W.; O'Regan, Katarina C.
2021-04-22
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Bahrain: Unrest, Security, and U.S. Policy [Updated April 20, 2021]
From the Summary: "Bahrain is a small island nation, ruled by a hereditary monarchy, that is in a partnership with other Arab monarchies of the Persian Gulf called the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC: Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Qatar, and Oman). Bahrain is led by King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, who succeeded his father, Shaykh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa, upon his death in 1999. U.S.-Bahrain ties are long-standing and have deepened over the past four decades as the Gulf region has become highly volatile. The country has hosted a U.S. naval command headquarters for the Gulf region since 1948, and the United States and Bahrain have had a formal Defense Cooperation Agreement (DCA) since 1991. In 2004, Bahrain was designated by the United States as a 'major non-NATO ally.' There are nearly 5,000 U.S. forces, mostly Navy, serving at the naval facility and other bases in Bahrain, and the country is a significant buyer of U.S.-made arms. In 2014, Bahrain joined the U.S.-led coalition combatting the Islamic State and flew strikes against the group's fighters in Syria that year."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Katzman, Kenneth
2021-04-20
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H. Rept. 117-20, Part 1: National Origin-Based Antidiscrimination for Nonimmigrants Act, Report Together with Minority Views, to Accompany H.R. 1333, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, April 16, 2021
From the Purpose and Summary: "H.R. 1333, the 'National Origin-Based Antidiscrimination for Nonimmigrants Act' or the 'NO BAN Act,' stops executive overreach by preventing the president from abusing his or her authority to restrict the entry of non-citizens into the United States. The bill does this in two ways. First, it amends section 212(f) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) to place checks and balances on the president's authority to suspend or restrict the entry of aliens or classes of aliens into the United States, when it is determined that such entry would be 'detrimental to the interests of the United States.' Second, the bill expands the INA's nondiscrimination provision to prohibit discrimination on the basis of religion and further prohibits discrimination with respect to the issuance of nonimmigrant visas, entry and admission into the United States, or the approval or revocation of any immigration benefit."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2021-04-16
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Global Human Rights: The Department of State's Country Reports on Human Rights Practices [Updated April 16, 2021]
From the Introduction: "The State Department's 'Country Reports on Human Rights Practices' are an annual U.S. government account of human rights conditions in countries around the globe. The reports characterize countries on the basis of their adherence to 'internationally recognized human rights,' which generally refer to the civil, political, and worker rights set forth in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948) and other international human rights agreements. The most recent reports cover calendar year 2020 and were issued on March 30, 2021. They provide individual narratives on countries and territories worldwide and are available on the Department of State website. As with prior reports, the 2020 reports do not compare countries or rank them based on the severity of human rights abuses documented. Although the reports describe human rights violations in many countries, in remarks introducing the reports and in a written preface, Secretary of State Antony Blinken specifically noted violations in a number of countries, including China, Ethiopia, Russia, Syria, Uganda, Venezuela, and Yemen, among others. Blinken described Coronavirus Disease 2019 as a negative factor affecting respect for human rights globally, stating that 'autocratic governments have used [the pandemic] as a pretext to target their critics and further repress human rights.'"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Weber, Michael A.
2021-04-16
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United Arab Emirates (UAE): Issues for U.S. Policy [Updated April 15, 2021]
From the Summary: "The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a federation of seven principalities or 'emirates.' Its population is assessed at nearly 10 million, but about 90% of the population are expatriates from within and outside the region who work in its open economy. The UAE is a significant U.S. security partner that hosts about 3,500 U.S. military personnel at UAE military facilities, buys sophisticated U.S. military equipment, including missile defenses and combat aircraft, and supports U.S. policy toward Iran. The UAE's August 2020 agreement to normalize relations with Israel might further consolidate the U.S.-UAE relationship and help both the United States and Israel counter Iran. UAE policy will likely not change after UAE President Shaykh Khalifa bin Zayid Al Nuhayyan, who has been largely incapacitated since January 2014, passes from the scene; he is almost certain to be succeeded by his younger brother and de-facto UAE leader Shaykh Muhammad bin Zayid Al Nuhayyan."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Katzman, Kenneth
2021-04-15
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Kosovo: Background and U.S. Policy [Updated April 8, 2021]
From the Summary: "Kosovo, a country in the Western Balkans with a predominantly Albanian-speaking population, declared independence from Serbia in 2008, less than a decade after a brief but lethal war. It has since been recognized by about 100 countries. The United States and most European Union (EU) member states recognize Kosovo. Serbia, Russia, China, and various other countries (including five EU member states) do not. [...] Congress was actively involved in debates over the U.S. response to a 1998-1999 conflict in Kosovo and subsequently supported Kosovo's declaration of independence. Today, many Members of Congress continue to support Kosovo through country- or region-specific hearings, congressional visits, and foreign assistance funding levels averaging around $50 million per year since 2015."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Garding, Sarah E.
2021-04-08
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Haiti: USAID Funding for Reconstruction and Development Activities Since the 2010 Earthquake, Report to Congressional Requesters
From the Highlights: "More than a decade after the January 2010 earthquake, Haiti is still struggling to recover and faces serious development challenges. Since the earthquake, Haiti has experienced several additional calamities, including a cholera epidemic, hurricanes, and drought, which have further weakened the country's already fragile economic, social, and political institutions. In July 2010, Congress appropriated $1.2 billion in supplemental funding for Haiti reconstruction. In addition, federal agencies, including USAID [U.S. Agency for International Development], have allocated funding from annual appropriations since the earthquake for reconstruction and development activities in Haiti. USAID has been the principal agency responsible for administering funds for these activities. GAO [Government Accountability Office] was asked to examine the status of U.S.-funded reconstruction and development efforts in Haiti. This report describes (1) USAID's allocations, obligations, and disbursements for reconstruction and development in Haiti from appropriations for fiscal years 2010 through 2020 and (2) the reconstruction and development activities that USAID funded in Haiti in those fiscal years. GAO analyzed USAID data, reviewed documents, and interviewed USAID officials in Washington, D.C., and Haiti. In a forthcoming report, GAO will examine the status of selected U.S. reconstruction and development activities in Haiti and the extent to which they have achieved their intended goals."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-04
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COVID-19 and the State of Global Mobility in 2020
From the Executive Summary: "The year 2020 was a landmark for human mobility, with dramatically reduced cross-border movements of all kinds. The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic decimated tourism and business travel; severely curtailed labour migration; and dampened movement of all stripes, from that of international students to family reunification. The International Organization for Migration (IOM) has been tracking the surge in travel restrictions, border closures and health-related travel requirements imposed by governments since the onset of the pandemic. This report, produced through collaboration between the IOM and the Migration Policy Institute (MPI), marks the first comprehensive analysis of these data to understand how the pandemic has reshaped border management and human mobility - and what the lasting ramifications may be throughout 2021 and beyond. While the overall picture of human mobility in 2020 is of movement dramatically curtailed, the picture varies over time and by region. This reflects the diverse range of strategies employed to minimize cross-border mobility and step up the screening of travellers to reduce the spread of the virus."
Migration Policy Institute; International Organization for Migration
Benton, Meghan; Batalova, Jeanne, 1974-; Davidoff-Gore, Samuel . . .
2021-04
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Venezuela: Background and U.S. Relations [Updated March 31, 2021]
From the Introduction: "Venezuela, long one of the most prosperous countries in South America, with the world's largest proven oil reserves, remains in the throes of a deep, multifaceted crisis under the authoritarian rule of Nicolás Maduro of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV). Despite international pressure for Maduro to cede power and his mishandling of Venezuela's dire economic and humanitarian crisis, he has consolidated power. [...] U.S. relations with Venezuela, once a major oil supplier, deteriorated under the Hugo Chávez government (1999-2013), which undermined human rights, the separation of powers, and freedom of expression. U.S. concerns have deepened as the Maduro government has cracked down on the opposition, media, and civil society; engaged in drug trafficking and corruption; convened fraudulent elections, and impeded humanitarian aid distribution. The Administration of former President Donald Trump sought to exert diplomatic, economic, and legal pressure on Maduro until he agreed to leave office so that a transition government could convene free and fair elections. The Biden Administration is focused on addressing the humanitarian situation, supporting the Venezuelan people, and engaging in multilateral diplomacy to hold corrupt and abusive officials accountable and to press for a return to democracy. This report provides an overview of the overlapping political, economic, and humanitarian crises in Venezuela, followed by an overview of U.S. policy toward Venezuela."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Seelke, Clare Ribando; Nelson, Rebecca M.; Margesson, Rhoda . . .
2021-03-31
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Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) Reauthorization: Issues for Congress [March 31, 2021]
From the Introduction: "The Violence Against Women Act (VAWA; Title IV of P.L. 103-322) was originally enacted in 1994 and has been reauthorized three times. It was last reauthorized in 2013 (P.L. 113-4). Congress has continued to appropriate funding for VAWA programs even though authorized appropriations expired at the end of FY2018. Each VAWA program funded in FY2018 received funding in each subsequent fiscal year through FY2021. [...] The Violence Against Women Act Reauthorization Act of 2021 (H.R. 1620) passed the House on March 17, 2021. [...] Among other things, H.R. 1620 would reauthorize funding for VAWA programs and authorize new programs; amend and add definitions used for VAWA programs; amend federal criminal law relating to firearms, custodial rape, and stalking; expand tribal jurisdiction over certain crimes committed on tribal lands; create positions in the Office on Violence Against Women and the Office of Justice Programs to address culturally specific needs; emphasize restorative practices; and add programs to address housing and financial needs among survivors. This report briefly discusses the policy issues commonly associated with VAWA as well as several provisions of H.R. 1620. The bill would make many other changes that are not discussed in detail in the report (e.g., the creation of new grant programs that address issues such as lethality assessments in domestic violence cases). Given the size and broad scope of H.R. 1620, this report primarily focuses on issues that were raised in VAWA reauthorization efforts from the 116th Congress."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Hanson, Emily J.; Sacco, Lisa N.
2021-03-31
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Searches and Seizures at the Border and the Fourth Amendment [Updated March 30, 2021]
From the Summary: "Congress has broad authority to regulate persons or items entering the United States, an authority that is rooted in its power to regulate foreign commerce and to protect the integrity of the nation's borders. Exercising this authority, Congress has established a comprehensive framework that authorizes federal law enforcement officers to inspect and search persons and property at the border to ensure that their entry conforms with governing laws, including those relating to customs and immigration."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Smith, Hillel R.; Santamaria, Kelsey Y.
2021-03-30
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Afghanistan: Background and U.S. Policy: In Brief [Updated March 25, 2021]
From the Introduction: "This report provides background information and analysis on U.S. policy in Afghanistan, with a focus on two interrelated developments: [1] The February 2020 U.S.-Taliban agreement, in which the United States committed to the full withdrawal of international forces by May 2021 in exchange for Taliban counterterrorism assurances. [2] Intra-Afghan negotiations, which began in Doha, Qatar, in September 2020, but appear to have since stalled, prompting a renewed U.S. diplomatic effort, including a planned senior-level meeting in Turkey in April 2021 aimed at reaching a political settlement to end the war and a U.S.-drafted peace proposal. The report also provides information on security dynamics related to the ongoing conflict and related questions about the future of the United States' military presence and U.S. investment in development and security aid to Afghanistan (which has totaled more than $143 billion since 2001)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Thomas, Clayton (Analyst in Middle Eastern Affairs)
2021-03-25
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Federal Data on Hate Crimes in the United States [Updated March 22, 2021]
From the Summary: "A number of recent and high-profile crimes where the offenders' actions appeared to be motivated by their bias or animosity towards a particular race, ethnicity, religion, sex, sexual orientation, or gender identity has contributed to a perception that hate crimes are on the rise in the United States. These incidents might also generate interest among policymakers about how the federal government collects data on hate crimes committed in the United States."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
James, Nathan; Hanson, Emily J.
2021-03-22
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DHS' Fragmented Approach to Immigration Enforcement and Poor Planning Resulted in Extended Migrant Detention During the 2019 Surge
From the Highlights: "A key issue preventing U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) from transferring detainees out of its facilities within 72 hours was insufficient Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Enforcement and Removal Operations' (ICE ERO) bed space. ICE ERO also could not increase capacity quickly enough to keep pace with CBP's apprehensions, and available bed space was not always appropriate for the aliens in need of placement. As a result, CBP's Border Patrol faced rapidly increasing numbers of detainees -- especially single adults -- who remained in CBP's holding facilities intended for short-term custody. Despite worsening conditions, Border Patrol generally did not exercise its authority to release single adults from its custody. Border Patrol sectors created ad-hoc solutions to manage the growing detainee populations in its facilities, because their local response plans did not adequately account for ICE ERO's detention limitations. Furthermore, longstanding fragmentation in immigration enforcement operations between CBP and ICE ERO further exacerbated these challenges. DHS was aware of a potential land migration surge and the challenges it would pose. DHS had both a multicomponent task force in place at the border and a plan for land migration surges, but used neither during the 2019 surge. In May 2019, DHS created a headquarters coordination group to advise leadership and help manage future emergencies, like a migrant surge. However, if the Department does not develop a DHS-wide framework for surges and address day-to-day fragmentation, CBP and ICE ERO will face the same challenges in future surges."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General
Martell, Tatyana; Lang, Erika; Bacon, Brendan . . .
2021-03-18
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COVID-19: Potential Implications for International Security Environment-- Overview of Issues and Further Reading for Congress [Updated March 17, 2021]
From the Introduction: "Some observers argue the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic could be a world-changing event with potentially profound and long-lasting implications for the international security environment and the U.S. role in the world. Other observers are more skeptical that the pandemic will have such effects. This report provides a brief overview of some potential implications the pandemic might have for the international security environment, and a bibliography of CRS [Congressional Research Service] reports and other writings for further reading. [...] Appendix A [hyperlink] presents a list of CRS reports that provide more in-depth discussions of issues presented in this report. Appendix B [hyperlink] presents a list of additional writings reflecting various perspectives on these issues."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald; McInnis, Kathleen J.; Moodie, Michael, 1948-
2021-03-17
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H. Rept. 117-12: Providing for Consideration of the Bill (H.R. 1620) to Reauthorize the Violence Against Women Act of 1994, and for Other Purposes, Report to Accompany H.Res.233, March 16, 2021
From the Document: "The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 1620, the Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2021, under a structured rule. The resolution provides one hour of general debate equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on the Judiciary or their designees. The resolution waives all points of order against consideration of the bill. The resolution provides that an amendment in the nature of a substitute consisting of the text of Rules Committee Print 117- 3, modified by the amendment printed in part A of this report, shall be considered as adopted and the bill, as amended, shall be considered as read."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2021-03-16
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Kosovo: Background and U.S. Policy [Updated March 11, 2021]
From the Overview: "The Republic of Kosovo is a landlocked country in the Western Balkans. Ethnic Albanians comprise about 90% of Kosovo's population, and Serbs and other minority groups comprise about 10%. Kosovo declared independence from Serbia in 2008, nearly a decade after the end of a brief but lethal conflict between Serbian forces and a Kosovo Albanian insurgency led by the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA). Since 2008, Kosovo has been recognized by more than 100 countries. The United States and most European Union (EU) member states recognize Kosovo. Serbia, Russia, China, and various other countries (including some EU member states) do not. The United States has strongly supported Kosovo's state-building and development efforts, as well as an EU-led dialogue aimed at normalizing Kosovo and Serbia's relations. Kosovo generally regards the United States as a security guarantor and key ally. Congress has maintained interest in Kosovo for many decades--from concerns over Serbia's treatment of ethnic Albanians in the former Yugoslavia to the armed conflict in Kosovo in 1998- 1999 after Yugoslavia disintegrated. Many Members were active in debates over the U.S.- and NATO-led military intervention in the conflict. After Serbian forces withdrew in 1999, many Members backed Kosovo's independence. Today, many in Congress continue to support Kosovo through country- or region-specific hearings, congressional visits, and foreign assistance funding levels averaging around $50 million in recent years."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Garding, Sarah E.
2021-03-11
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Biden Administration's Immigration Enforcement Priorities: Background and Legal Considerations [March 9, 2021]
From the Document: "Almost immediately after taking office, President Biden issued a series of directives [hyperlink] on immigration matters. Some of these directives focused on altering the immigration enforcement priorities of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), the agency primarily charged with the enforcement of federal immigration laws [hyperlink]. Federal statute confers immigration authorities with 'broad discretion' [hyperlink] to determine when it is appropriate to pursue the removal of a non-U.S. citizen or national (alien) who lacks a legal basis to remain in the country. [...] The Trump Administration made enforcement a touchstone of its immigration policy, and generally sought to enforce [hyperlink] federal immigration laws against a broader range of aliens who had committed immigration violations than the Obama Administration. The Trump Administration also sought to rescind [hyperlink] the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals [hyperlink] (DACA) program, which allows certain unlawfully present aliens who came to the United States as children to remain and work in this country for a certain period of time. President Biden has rescinded [hyperlink] some of the Trump Administration's immigration measures, and also has directed DHS to reexamine its immigration enforcement policies and priorities. DHS has sought, during the pendency of that review, to temporarily restrict [hyperlink] immigration enforcement actions to cover only certain aliens, and to suspend [hyperlink] the execution of most removal orders for a period of 100 days. [...] This Sidebar addresses the Biden Administration's immigration enforcement priorities and legal considerations that they raise."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Smith, Hillel R.
2021-03-09
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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Impact in Africa [Updated March 5, 2021]
From the Document: "Sub-Saharan Africa ('Africa') has confirmed far fewer COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] cases and deaths per capita than many other regions to date, but a second, deadlier wave of cases has hit many African countries since late 2020. Confirmed cases remain concentrated in a handful of countries, led by South Africa. South Africa also has conducted the most COVID-19 tests in absolute terms, and in late 2020 discovered a new, more virulent variant of the virus that has spread worldwide. Africa's estimated case fatality rate surpassed the global average in early 2021, possibly due, in part, to the emergence of new virus variants."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Arieff, Alexis; Blanchard, Lauren Ploch; Cook, Nicolas . . .
2021-03-05
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Forced Labor: CBP Should Improve Communication to Strengthen Trade Enforcement, Report to Congressional Committees
From the Highlights: "Globally, millions of adults and children are subjected to forced labor, compelled to perform work or service under various forms of threat or coercion. Section 307 of the Tariff Act of 1930 prohibits the importation into the United States of goods produced in any foreign country wholly or in part by forced labor. CBP [U.S. Customs and Border Protection] has sole responsibility for enforcing this law. The Frederick Douglass Trafficking Victims Prevention and Protection Reauthorization Act of 2018 included a provision that GAO [Government Accountability Office] review CBP's efforts to enforce Section 307 and other entities' roles in indirectly supporting CBP's enforcement. This report examines, among other things, CBP's approach to enforcing Section 307 and the extent to which CBP has communicated with other federal agencies and nonfederal stakeholders with respect to Section 307 enforcement."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Volume II: Money Laundering [March 2021]
From the Overview: "The 2021 edition of the Congressionally mandated 'International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Volume II: Money Laundering' focuses on the exposure to this threat in the specific context of narcotics-related money laundering. The report reviews the anti-money laundering (AML) legal and institutional infrastructure of jurisdictions and highlights the most significant steps each has taken to improve its AML regime. It also describes key vulnerabilities and deficiencies of these regimes, identifies each jurisdiction's capacity to cooperate in international investigations, and highlights the United States' provision of AML-related technical assistance."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2021-03
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COVID-19, Governance, and Conflict: Emerging Impacts and Future Evidence Needs
From the Executive Summary: "This paper reviews emerging evidence of the impact of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] on governance and conflict, using a 'governance and conflict first' approach in contrast to other research and synthesis on COVID-19 in the social sciences that tends to be structured through a public health lens. It largely focuses on evidence on low- and middle-income countries but also includes a number of examples from high-income countries, reflecting the global nature of the crisis. It is organised around four cross-cutting themes that have enabled the identification of emerging bodies of evidence and/or analysis: [1] Power and legitimacy; [2] Effectiveness, capacity, and corruption; [3] Violence, unrest, and conflict; and [4] Resilience, vulnerability, and risk."
Institute of Development Studies (Brighton, England). Knowledge, Evidence and Learning for Development Helpdesk
Herbert, Siân; Marquette, Heather, 1972-
2021-03
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Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs (OMG): A Brief Bibliography
This bibliography, compiled by Greta E. Marlatt at the Naval Postgraduate School, contains a list of resources related to Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs (OMG). Resources include books, reports, and articles. The list is organized alphabetically by resource type and links are provided when available. This list was created in May of 2015 and will be updated periodically. It was last updated in March 2021.
Marlatt, Greta E.
2021-03
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S. Rept. 117-1: Activities of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs During the 116th Congress, Report, March 1, 2021
From the Document: "This report reviews the legislative and oversight activities of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs and its Subcommittees during the 116th Congress. These activities were conducted pursuant to the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946, as amended; by Rule XXV(k) of the Standing Rules of the Senate; and by additional authorizing resolutions of the Senate. 16th Congress; Senator Gary C. Peters was the Ranking Member. Major activities of the Committee during the 116th Congress included oversight and legislation involving border and immigration security; cybersecurity; protecting critical infrastructure; combatting terrorism; efficient functioning of the Department of Homeland Security, including oversight of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic preparedness and response; the Committee's oversight of Federal programs; regulatory reform; and reducing waste, fraud and abuse in Federal spending."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2021-03-01
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Coronavirus Response and Recovery: Interim Report
From the Executive Summary: "The full global impact from the Covid-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Pandemic is yet to be written, but the cost in terms of both lives and livelihoods has already proven devastating. For Houston, this comes on top of continued recovery from Hurricane Harvey, the economic impact of the energy sector downturn, and of course, the crushing winter freeze in February 2021. It is a daunting combination of catastrophic events but no match for Houston's strength and resilience and our growing community. This interim report on the COVID-19 recovery is intended to capture the essence of the work done by the team I assigned under Marvin Odum and his Chief of Staff Ben Melson (on loan from the Greater Houston Partnership) to lead the City's multi-faceted recovery."
Houston (Tex.)
Odum, Marvin; Melson, Ben
2021-03
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Human Trafficking Data-Collection Activities, 2020
From the Document: "The Combat Human Trafficking Act of 2015 (CHTA) (34 U.S.C. § 20709(e)(2)(B)) requires the director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) to prepare an annual report on human trafficking. The report must include information on the following: the number of arrests for human-trafficking offenses by state law enforcement officers; the number of prosecutions of individuals in state courts for human-trafficking offenses; the number of convictions of individuals in state courts for human-trafficking offenses; [and] sentences imposed on individuals convicted in state courts for human-trafficking offenses. BJS examined options to modify its existing data collections and implement new approaches to collect the data required by CHTA. In addition, BJS assessed the availability of data on human trafficking among criminal justice agencies at the state and local levels."
United States. Bureau of Justice Statistics
Smith, Erica L.; Brotsos, Heather; Cooper, Alexia . . .
2021-03
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H. Rep. 117-7: American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, Report Together with Minority Views to Accompany H.R. 1319, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, February 24, 2021
From the Document: "It has been roughly one year since the first COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] case was diagnosed in the United States. Our nation is struggling to endure the unrelenting devastation spawned by the pandemic and corresponding economic fallout. The need for bold, compassionate, and aggressive action remains unparalleled and undeniable. [...] The 2021 budget resolution (S. Con. Res. 5) laid the groundwork for bold action by providing the option of using the budget reconciliation process to deliver crucial relief to the American people and achieve the goals of President Biden's American Rescue Plan. This reconciliation bill is the next step toward implementing the plan."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2021-02-24
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COVID-19: Potential Implications for International Security Environment-- Overview of Issues and Further Reading for Congress [Updated February 17, 2021]
From the Introduction: "Some observers argue the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic could be a world-changing event with potentially profound and long-lasting implications for the international security environment and the U.S. role in the world. Other observers are more skeptical that the pandemic will have such effects. This report provides a brief overview of some potential implications the pandemic might have for the international security environment, and a bibliography of CRS [Congressional Research Service] reports and other writings for further reading. Issues for Congress may include whether and how the pandemic could change the international security environment, whether the Biden Administration's actions for responding to such change are appropriate and sufficient, and what implications such change could have for the role of Congress in setting and overseeing the execution of U.S. foreign and defense policy. Congress's decisions regarding these issues could have significant implications for U.S. foreign and defense policy, and for the status of Congress as a co-equal branch relative to the executive branch in setting and overseeing the implementation of U.S. foreign and defense policy."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald; McInnis, Kathleen J.
2021-02-17
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How the Biden Administration's Immigration Proposals Risk Undoing the Successes of the Trump Administration
From the Executive Summary: "President Donald Trump and his Administration enhanced U.S. border security and returned the rule of law to U.S. immigration policy. Despite constant obstruction from Democrats and unprecedented interference by activist federal courts, the Trump Administration succeeded in improving border security and immigration enforcement nationwide. Now, with President Joe Biden's promises and actions to end the Trump Administration immigration policies, the Biden Administration appears poised to return to the radical left-wing policies that will incentivize illegal immigration and promote an unending flood of foreign nationals into the United States."
United States. Congress. House
Jordan, Jim; McClintock, Tom
2021-02-08
