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Analysis of U.S. Military Presence in North East Asia - Does Our New Strategy Fit the Circumstances
"Since World War II, the United States has invested heavily in the Pacific Region. This region is now our largest trading partner. We have active security arrangements with Japan, the Republic of Korea, the Philippines, Thailand, and Australia. We also have non-treaty security relations with several other countries in the region. The possibility of a diminished Soviet threat, reductions in our defense budget and allies who have the ability to do more for their own defense, suggest that it is now desirable to reduce U.S. forces in the region."
National War College (U.S.)
Walters, Jimmy L.
1991
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Policing the New World Order: An Alternative Strategy
"The United States responded decisively in the recent Persian Gulf crisis. The Bush Administration considered successful resolution of this crisis a precursor to the 'new world order'. Many questions now confront policymakers as America approaches the 21st Century. A pressing question is: Can America continue to serve as the world's policeman? America's challenge for the 1990s is to avoid the trappings of world policing that past superpowers have experienced throughout history, a la Pax Britannica. The United States can achieve this by first, formulating its national security strategy to elevate the role of the United Nations as the world's policeman. Second, the United States' national security strategy should support establishment of a United Nations standing 'peacemaking' force. This force would provide the United Nations and international community a short notice military employment capability during the early 'warning period' of an impending crisis. Such a force would ultimately lower the United States' profile as the world policeman in the emerging new world order."
National War College (U.S.)
Huddleston, Louis D.
1991
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Soldiers and Legislators: A Common Mission
"Legislators and soldiers share a common mission. Both have the responsibility, in their own way, for maintaining the national defense. But despite the deep inter-involvement of the two institutions, serious misconceptions cloud many senior officers' understanding of Congress's role in national defense. Most officers can vaguely recall their youthful civics classes that described the process by which a bill becomes law, but they are often unprepared to face the powerful clash of interests that forms the modern legislative process. Military officers must be willing to shed their cynicism, naïveté, and even hypocrisy by learning how the constituency, modus operandi, and professional bias of legislators must necessarily differ from those of the military. By arriving at an understanding of the uniquely American legislative process and by appreciating the complex pressures on Congress, senior military leaders will more effectively contribute to the nation's defense."
Army War College (U.S.)
Ivany, Robert R., 1947-
1991
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Drugs on the Border: The Role of the Military
"Mention military involvement in counter-drugs, and the fictional Tom Clancy-conceived scenario above may provide the sort of images that come to the average American's mind. Bloody, violent acts committed against culpable drug smugglers are the stuff of best-selling fiction, but they are just that--fiction. The reality of military support is not so dramatic, but it constitutes a solid contribution to law enforcement and valuable, real-world training for the participating units. This is true wherever the military is involved and especially on the Southwest land border. Although the military has provided counter-drug support for a number of years, the issue came to the fore in the fall of 1989 when President Bush declared drug abuse to be the gravest domestic problem facing our nation and a threat to the national security. These sentiments were seconded by Secretary of Defense Cheney. who declared, The detection and countering of the production, trafficking, and use of illegal drugs is a high priority national security mission of the Department of Defense. Cheney further charged the military's major commanders with hemispheric responsibilities to draft plans on how they could contribute to the counter-drug effort. That these statements were reaffirmed one year later in the midst of Desert Shield is testament to their enduring importance and a tocsin call for military support. The danger that drugs pose to our nation needs little elaboration."
Army War College (U.S.)
Brown, Dale E.
1991
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U.S. Naval Flight Surgeon's Manual, Third Edition
"As we quickly approach the 21st Century, the Navy Medical Department stands ready to take on some of the greatest challenges it has ever faced. With the Cold War now a part of history, we must learn to operate within a new world order; one in which we must maintain our level of readiness within the context of an ever changing geopolitical environment. Critical to our future success in responding to the needs of the Fleet and Fleet Marine Force will be our ability to synthesize past experiences into our current knowledge base while simultaneously projecting requirements into the future. One important way of accomplishing such a task is by the sharing of information as quickly and efficiently as possible. The Third Edition of the Flight Surgeon's Manual represents a major tool in this process. It is the culmination of 13 years of effort in distilling out the very best of aerospace science and technology."
Naval Aerospace Medical Institute (U.S.)
1991
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Memorandum of Understanding on Port Readiness, Revision No. 2
"The purpose of this revision is to change, modify, or revise selected parts of both the original Memorandum of understanding (MOU) between the Department of Defense (DOD) and Department of Transportation (DOT) concerning Port Readiness, signed 7~January 1985, and Revision No. 1."
United States. Coast Guard
1991
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Chicken Processing Plant Fires: Hamlet, North Carolina and North Little Rock, Arkansas
"The U.S. Fire Administration [USFA] develops reports on selected major fires throughout the country. The fires usually involve multiple deaths or a large loss of property. But the primary criterion for deciding to do a report is whether it will result in significant 'lessons learned.' In some cases these lessons bring to light new knowledge about fire--the effect of building construction or contents, human behavior in fire, etc. In other cases, the lessons are not new but are serious enough to highlight once again, with yet another fire tragedy report. In some cases, special reports are developed to discuss events, drills, or new technologies which are of interest to the fire service. The reports are sent to fire magazines and are distributed at National and Regional fire meetings. The International Association of Fire Chiefs assists the USFA in disseminating the findings throughout the fire service. On a continuing basis the reports are available on request from the USFA; announcements of their availability are published widely in fire journals and newsletters. This body of work provides detailed information on the nature of the fire problem for policymakers who must decide on allocations of resources between fire and other pressing problems, and within the fire service to improve codes and code enforcement, training, public fire education, building technology, and other related areas."
United States Fire Administration
1991
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Statistical Report United States Attorneys' Office: Fiscal Year 1991
"The United States Attorneys under the supervision and direction of the Attorney General are responsible for the investigation and prosecution of those who violate our Nations laws and for asserting and defending the interests of the United States its departments and agencies through the conduct of civil litigation The United States Attorneys appointed to serve in the 94 federal judicial districts throughout the country are charged with carrying out these prosecution and litigation responsibilities within their respective districts. [...] As part of their prosecution and litigation efforts the United States Attorneys report to Washington information on the criminal and civil matters and cases they handle." The charts and tables presented in this report reflect a statistical summary of the matters and cases handled by the United States Attorneys.
Executive Office for U.S. Attorneys
1991?
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U.S. Defense Industrial Base Threats from Globalization
"The international security setting is undergoing the most consequential changes since the end of World War II. Forty years of Cold War confrontation, has giver, way to a new world order. Characterized first and foremost, by a fundamental shift in relations between the United States and the Soviet Union, this new order has permitted the increased democratization of Eastern Europe and has resulted in turmoil of uncertain outcome in the Soviet republics. In the wake of this remarkable reality, a host of other security concerns have followed or intensified: regional disputes across wide spectrum of conflict, drug trafficking, terrorism, and the proliferation of weapons of great destructiveness. Taken as a whole, this extraordinary period of transition, in international affairs has triggered a fundamental refinement of the United State's national security concerns and defense policy priorities."
Naval War College (U.S.)
Cordeaux, Raoul C.
1991-01-01
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Research on PTSD and Other Post-Traumatic Reactions: European Literature
"We are devoting two issues of the 'PTSD [Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder] Research Quarterly' to an historical survey of PTSD research in Europe. In this issue Drs. Weisæth and Eitinger, of the World Veterans Foundation International Socio-Medical Information Centre (WISMIC), present an introductory essay on the European PTSD literature, followed by a detailed examination of the Norwegian literature on traumatic stress. Our Summer 1991 issue will conclude this survey with a discussion of PTSD publications from Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, and the Netherlands. [...] The last two decades have seen in Western Europe a steady increase of research into traumatic stress, similar to that in the United States, with the exception of veteran studies. Only some of this modern research activity is reflected here. We have left out studies that have already been referred to in previous issues of this publication or in the 'WISMIC Newsletter', and have instead concentrated on some less available, but nevertheless important, studies written in languages other than English with which the American audience may not be so familiar. In Europe as well as in the United States, the 1980 introduction of the DSM-III diagnosis of PTSD helped to move traumatic stress research a further step forward. However, in our experience, the sum of the diagnostic criteria was rather arbitrary, over-emphasizing psychic numbing, but disregarding the importance of aggressive symptomatology. The PTSD label attracted so much attention that the significance of other elements perhaps was neglected. The revised version of PTSD has been an improvement, and the broader range of research items has produced a more balanced development, ensuring that the onesidedness of the past will not repeat itself."
National Center for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (U.S.)
Weisaeth, Lars; Eitinger, Leo, 1912-1996
1991
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Criminal Acts against Civil Aviation- 1991
"Criminal acts against civil aviation is a compilation of hijackings, bombings and other significant criminal acts against civil and general aviation interests worldwide."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
1991
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PTSD and Combat-Related Psychiatric Symptoms in Older Veterans
This article on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) analyzes PTSD and its symptoms among pre-Vietnam military veterans. The article reviews literature published prior to the use of the term "PTSD", as well as literature after its common use. From the article: "During the past decade PTSD researchers have shown increased interest in men who fought in wars prior to Vietnam. This issue of the PTSD Research Quarterly reviews the literature on combat-related psychiatric symptoms in these men. The review reflects publication trends and is divided into two sections. One section contains sources published before the introduction of PTSD into the diagnostic nomenclature by the third edition of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual in 1980. The other contains sources published after the formalization of PTSD as a diagnostic entity. [...] One gets a sense of déjà vu when reading the older sources. The authors seem highly insightful, because the questions asked (and many of the answers) are startlingly similar to those in more contemporary materials. However, it is important to note that none of these studies were as diagnostically pure as more current investigations, and few used instruments that we now consider necessary for assessing PTSD. A significant limitation of the current literature is the absence of information about the assessment and treatment of PTSD in older veterans. Another limitation is the absence of longitudinal studies. The exception to this rule (Elder & Clipp, 1988, 1989), as well as attempts to document developmental trends retrospectively, suggest that interesting changes may occur over the life span in conjunction with normal aging processes. An additional limitation is the absence of information about women and minorities. Research on Vietnam veterans has shown that it is important to consider gender and ethnicity when studying PTSD. Taken together, the findings reviewed above are troubling: PTSD currently exists in many veterans decades after their exposure to combat."
National Center for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (U.S.)
Schnurr, Paula P.
1991
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Research on PTSD and Other Post-Traumatic Reactions: European Literature (Part II)
"This is the second of a two-part series by Drs. Weisæth and Eitinger on the European PTSD [Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder] literature. Our previous issue focused on Norwegian publications, and this issue concludes with a review of publications from other European countries. PTSD is a diagnosis that spans national and cultural boundaries, even though it is strictly defined as such only in the diagnostic manual of the American Psychiatric Association. Change is underway, however, to promote the systematic global use of the term. If the 1990 draft of the proposed ICD-10 (the International Classification of Diseases) is accepted, a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder will be used internationally. In addition, the ICD-10 proposes a diagnosis of 'acute stress reaction.' This must have an immediate onset, defined as developing within one hour of exposure to the exceptional mental or physical stressor. Some of our own prospective studies starting in the immediate aftermath have found a high predictive validity of an acute diagnosis. This lends support to such a diagnostic proposal, which could also eliminate the problem that the DSMIII- R diagnosis of PTSD applies only after one month. In some other studies, for example, one on rape victims (this issue), the acute response was not predictive of PTSD; a combined formula of risk factors was needed for prediction. In addition, the ICD-10 proposes a diagnosis of 'enduring personality change after catastrophic experiences' when the specific personality changes have been present for at least three years. The changes meeting the criteria will often have been preceded by a long-lasting post-traumatic stress disorder. There are extensive ongoing consultations between the ICD10 and DSM-IV committees. Summing up, it will be an exciting challenge for the researcher in traumatic stress over the next few years to determine diagnostic categories that match clinical reality."
National Center for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (U.S.)
Weisaeth, Lars; Eitinger, Leo, 1912-1996
1991
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Animal Models for the Neurobiology of Trauma
This article on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) discusses the study of animal responses to extreme stress or trauma as a means to better understand and treat PTSD in humans. From the article: "The animal model of inescapable stress mimics the exposure to extreme stress seen in patients with PTSD. Animals exposed to inescapable stress develop specific behavioral changes including deficits of memory, learned helplessness, and conditioned fear responses to stressors, which are associated with long-term changes in multiple neurobiological systems. This model has proven useful in the study of the neurobiological and behavioral consequences of trauma. In this issue we review animal models and preclinical research on the neurobiology of trauma. [...] Clinicians will notice parallels between the behavioral and biological sequelae of inescapable stress and the phenomenology of PTSD symptoms in their patients. The animal model of inescapable stress parallels the experience of being pinned down in combat or being the victim of repeated assaults. Inescapable stress produces a variety of behaviors in animals including abnormal alarm states, aggression, sensitivity to stress, altered sleep patterns, deficits in learning and memory, and withdrawal. These behaviors resemble those seen in patients with PTSD. As reviewed above, there are also a variety of neurobiological alterations produced by exposure to inescapable stress. This may provide a framework in which to conduct investigations designed to determine if similar changes occur in PTSD. For instance, evidence from animal findings of alterations in noradrenergic brain systems is consistent with emerging findings of abnormalities in noradrenergic systems in patients with PTSD as evidenced by abnormal responses to the alpha-2 noradrenergic receptor antagonist yohimbine. The identification of specific neurobiological abnormalities may lead to the development of new psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments based on the pathophysiology of PTSD."
National Center for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (U.S.)
Bremner, J. Douglas, 1961-; Southwick, Stephen M.; Charney, Dennis S.
1991
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PNW Interagency Preparedness Plan
"The purpose of these plans is to ensure timely recognition of approaching critical fire situations establish a process for analyzing situations and establishing priorities and for implementing actions to respond to these situations. The objective of this plan is to provide information adequate to make a decision that provides a high probability of attaining an appropriate level of preparedness. This plan covers READINESS for a potential wildfire incident(s), or an active incident(s), that endanger life, property or natural resources under jurisdiction of federal wildland fire protection agencies in the States of Oregon and Washington."
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; United States. Forest Service; United States. Bureau of Land Management . . .
1991
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Our Changing Planet: The FY 1992 U.S. Global Change Research Program
"World leaders continue to debate the economic and social implications of global environmental changes, both natural and human-induced. The 1988 midwestern U.S. drought underscored the potential effects of a warm, dry summer, just as the climate of recent decades in the Sahel starkly reveals the human tragedy that can occur in marginal-subsistence zones of a changing planet. Furthermore, the linking of the antarctic ozone 'hole' to man-made chlorofluorocarbons (CFC 's) and the current debate over humanity's role in the 'greenhouse effect' have placed the environment high on the national and international agenda. The substantial costs associated with addressing global environmental changes require policy decisions be based on adequate scientific and economic knowledge. In virtually all these issues, the salient feature is the significant scientific uncertainty associated with predicting the behavior of the coupled ocean-atmosphere-land Earth system. To reduce this uncertainty, the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) has been developed as a central component of the U.S. Government ' s approach to global environmental change and its contribution to worldwide efforts."
U.S. Global Change Research Program
1991?
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Our Changing Planet: The FY 1991 U.S. Global Change Research Program
"I am pleased to forward with this letter 'Our Changing Planet: The FY 1991 U.S. Global Change Research Program,' a report by the Committee on Earth Sciences of the Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology to accompany the President's Fiscal Year 1991 Budget. The report outlines an accelerated, focused research strategy designed to reduce key scientific uncertainties and to develop more reliable scientific predictions upon which sound policies and responses to global change can be based. Because of the importance of this area, the President is proposing a 57 percent increase in the budget for this effort for FY 1991. The research program presented here is a key component of the President's overall approach to the global change issue. This approach has, as its central goal, the provision of a sound scientific basis for developing national and international policy on global change. The President has called for an expanded schedule of international collaboration on research, monitoring, data exchange, and a new Framework Convention on climate change. This comprehensive approach recognizes the profound economic and social implications of responding to global environmental changes and maintains U.S. leadership on this issue."
U.S. Global Change Research Program
1991?
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Nuclear Weapons Complex Reconfiguration Study
"[T]he 'Nuclear Weapons Complex Reconfiguration Study' (the Study) is a revised and updated response to the 'National Defense Authorization Act for FY 1988/1989' requirement to develop an integrated plan to reconfigure the Nuclear Weapons Complex (Complex). The Complex provides the nuclear weapons that support the nuclear deterrent policy of the United States. The mission of the Complex includes production of nuclear material; design, research, development, testing, and manufacture of new nuclear weapons; surveillance, maintenance and modernization of the nuclear weapons stockpile; and retirement and disposal of nuclear weapons at end-of-life. The original need to reconfigure the Complex was driven primarily by its det6riorated state. This condition, together with an antiquated philosophy of operations, made it increasingly difficult for the Complex to meet expected standards for the protection of the environment and the safety and health of workers and the public. Within the last year, the rapidly changing world situation has further stressed the need for reconfiguration of the Complex. […] The Study's scope is extensive, covering all activities required to realize the reconfigured Complex and to keep the current Complex operational. Reconfiguration will change the Complex to different degrees within three functional elements: Nuclear Materials Production and Manufacturing (NMP&M); Nonnuclear Manufacturing (NNM); arid Research, Development and Testing (RD&T). Among the options presented in the Study to accomplish this change are two which the Secretary has designated as 'preferred options': to relocate the Rocky Flats Plant (part of the NMP&M element) and to consolidate time NNM element of the Complex at a single, dedicated site."
United States. Department of Energy
1991-01
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Special Forces Doctrine for Counternarcotics Operations
From the thesis abstract: "This monograph addresses the suitability of Special Forces doctrine for their primary wartime missions of Special Reconnaissance, Direct Action, and Foreign Internal Defense when considered for application in counternarcotics operations. This study is motivated by the continuing threat to national security presented by illegal drug trafficking and the increased role of the United States military requested by the people of the United States through their congressional representatives. A significant part of the military contribution to the so-called 'war on drugs' is being provided by U. S. Army Special Forces. This study begins with an analysis of the National Drug Control Strategy to derive what the tactical counternarcotics missions for Special Forces could be. The missions are related in terms of the primary wartime mission described by current U. S. Army doctrine for Special Forces Operations. The Army Counternarcotics Plan is analyzed to determine the constraints and restraints imposed on the mission by public laws and DoD resources. The capabilities for each mission are analyzed and then compared to an application in counternarcotics operations. The analysis of each mission evaluates how each mission recognizes political and diplomatic sensitivities, facilitates interagency activities in an affected country, and balances 'security of operations' with the operational tenet of synchronization. The study concludes that the doctrine for each mission is suitable when applied to counternarcotics operations only if law enforcement is not the purpose for interdiction. The study finds that each mission can accomplishes the tasks required for counternarcotics operations, except when called upon to perform law enforcement duties. The study finds the application of Special Forces in a Foreign Internal Defense mission to be most suitable for defeating drug trafficking when it is viewed as an insurgency."
U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. School of Advanced Military Studies
Realini, James P.
1991-01
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First International Symposium on Volcanic Ash and Aviation Safety: Program and Abstracts
"Between December 1989 and February 1990, five commercial jetliners suffered damage from encounters with volcanic ash from Redoubt Volcano. [...] One outcome of the Redoubt incidents has been to increase interest in the issue of volcanic hazards and aviation safety among a broad group which includes commercial and military air operators, aircraft manufacturers, the Federal Aviation Administration, the National Weather Service, and the U.S. Geological Survey. To focus this interest, the First International Symposium on Volcanic Ash and Aviation Safety is being held in Seattle, Washington in July 1991. The AIMS of the symposium are: 1. to encourage improvements in the detection, tracking, and warning of volcanic ash hazard so that aircraft may avoid ash clouds; and 2. to review the effects of volcanic ash on aircraft so that pilots who encounter ash can respond appropriately."
Geological Survey (U.S.)
1991
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Fire Management Notes (Vol.52 No.1)
This is Volume 52, No.1 of Fire Management Notes, a quarterly periodical devoted to the technique of forest fire control, produced by the U.S. Forest Service.
United States. Forest Service
1991
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Fire Management Notes (Vol.52 No.3)
This is Volume 52, No.3 of Fire Management Notes, a quarterly periodical devoted to the technique of forest fire control, produced by the U.S. Forest Service.
United States. Forest Service
1991
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Fire Management Notes (Vol.52 No.2)
This is Volume 52, No.2 of Fire Management Notes, a quarterly periodical devoted to the technique of forest fire control, produced by the U.S. Forest Service.
United States. Forest Service
1991
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Fire Management Notes (Vol.52 No.4)
This is Volume 52, No.4 of Fire Management Notes, a quarterly periodical devoted to the technique of forest fire control, produced by the U.S. Forest Service.
United States. Forest Service
1991
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Torture Victim Protection Act of 1989: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Immigration and Refugee Affairs of the Committee on the Judiciary of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, One Hundred First Congress, Second Session on S. 1629, A Bill to Establish Clearly a Federal Right of Action by Aliens and United States Citizens Against Persons Engaging in Torture or Extrajudicial Killing, and for Other Purposes, and H.R. 1662, June 22, 1990
From the opening statement of the Hon. Edward M. Kennedy, Senator from the State of Massachusetts, Chairman of the Subcommittee on Immigration and Refugee Affairs: "This morning, the Immigration and Refugee Affairs Subcommittee is convened to hear testimony on Senate bill 1629, the Torture Victim Protection Act. Senator Kennedy, our subcommittee chairman, will be joining us later, and I am pleased to welcome our colleague, Senator Specter, who was here earlier and who will be back again shortly after voting, who is the author of this legislation, to sit with the subcommittee this morning. The legislation before us today establishes a Federal right of action by aliens and U.S. citizens against persons engaged in torture or extrajudicial killings. The administration and public witnesses raise many critical issues, and I welcome them." Additional materials submitted for the record by the following: Robert F. Drinan, Edward M. Kennedy, John O. McGinnis, Michael H. Posner, John Shattuck, and David P. Stewart.
United States. Government Printing Office
1991
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Special Report: Mutual Aid: Lessons Learned from the California System
"Mutual aid - help among neighbors - is an integral part of emergency response. Mutual aid becomes more important and more complicated as the magnitude of emergency incidents increases and the size of individual community budgets decreases. Given the current economic and social climate, it is simply unrealistic to assume that a single community has all the resources required to cope with any and all emergencies it may face. The State of California has developed over the last 40 years an exemplary Statewide Fire and Rescue Mutual Aid System. Designed as part of the State's overall multi-hazard emergency response, the mutual aid system has been used in a wide range of fire and non-fire incidents. The system is not unique; many States have mutual aid systems. However, because it is exercised continually on the plethora of wildland fire incidents in the State, the system has achieved a degree of sophistication not often seen in other systems. A testament to the respect the Fire and Rescue Mutual Aid System has gained within the State, similar systems have been designed, or are being developed, for police, emergency medical services, public works, and other disciplines in the State that have a role in emergency planning and response. This report includes California's Fire and Rescue Mutual Aid System and its evolution, how mutual aid is used in major fire and non-fire incidents, and discusses some reasons for its success over the years. The purpose of the report is to share lessons learned to help other States advance their systems and give the fire service in general some useful ideas on providing mutual aid."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
Perroni, Carolyn
1991-01
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Recommended Emergency Preparedness Guidelines for Urban, Rural, and Specialized Transit Systems
Urban, rural and specialized transit services provide an important source of transportation for many people in the United States. A number of concerns must be addressed to ensure the safety of passengers during transit emergencies. The needs of passengers can be addressed through carefully planned emergency response procedures, proper training of transit and emergency response personnel, and effective use of equipment. The recommendations contained herein are therefore intended to assist transit and emergency response organization personnel to evaluate their emergency response plans and, if necessary, modify or supplement those plans accordingly.
United States. Department of Transportation. Urban Mass Transportation Administration
Hathaway, W. T.; Markos, Stephanie H.
1991-01
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Framework for Counterguerrilla Tactical Doctrine: A Theoretical Approach
"As the face of modern warfare changes, the threat of the appearance of guerrilla forces on the battlefield increases. Whether in the form of insurgent forces or partisan forces employing guerrilla tactics in support of conventional forces. their actions on the battlefield must be understood to be countered. Current operations in the Middle East lend special significance to an understanding of counterguerrilla operations. Guerrilla doctrine and tactics spring from an enormous body of theoretical works, not the least of which are the writings of Mao Tse-tung. On the other hand, our current counterguerrilla doctrine and tactics are not based in theory. They represent the 'how' without the 'why' of counterguerrilla warfare. Through the critical analysis of guerrilla and counter- guerrilla tactical operations encompassing guerrillas in support of both insurgent and conventional forces I have identified theoretical concepts that can be used in the construction of a framework for counterguerrilla operations. These concepts were evaluated against the criteria that determine the adequacy of theory, namely that they explain and describe this type of warfare, and that they are succinct, supportable, and retrodictive."
U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. School of Advanced Military Studies
Jordan, Stephen T.
1990-12-31?
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Seven-Fatality Christmas Tree Fire
"On December 22,1990 at approximately 11:10 p.m. a Christmas tree fire originated in the family room of the Dell'Orco home. The father, in the family room at the time of the fire, made futile attempts to remove the burning tree from the house. The mother called the fire department and removed one child. They escaped, with injuries. She tried to reenter the home but could not because of heavy smoke and heat. The father abandoned the burning tree removal and attempted to rescue six of his children still in the home. The fire took the lives of the father and all six children."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1990-12-22?
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Operating Policies and Procedures Memorandum 90-9: El Salvadoran Cases Subject to Temporary Protected Status and Settlement in American Baptist Churches v. Thornburgh
"As you know, Section 302 of the Immigration Act of 1990 establishes a new status--temporary protected status (TPS)--for nationals of countries meeting certain conditions and so designated by the Attorney General. Section 303 specifically places El Salvadorans into a special TPS and describes the special eligibility requirements and other conditions for this status. […] The same class of El Salvadorans are also the subjects of a settlement agreement that was approved yesterday by the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California in the case of American Baptist Churches v. Thornburgh (ABC), a case originally brought against INS and the Department of State and later interpreted to include EOIR because the Attorney General was a defendant. This case involved the due process accorded to El Salvadorans and Guatemalans in the adjudication of applications for political asylum."
United States. Department of Justice. Executive Office for Immigration Review
Robie, William R.
1990-12-20
