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Preparing People for Reentry from Jails and Prisons During the COVID-19 Epidemic
From the Document: "Many county and municipal jails and state prison systems are taking measures to reduce the incarcerated population to help alleviate close living conditions conducive to the spread of disease. State prison systems are expediting scheduled releases by moving up release dates. Jails are releasing individuals who present minimal risk to public safety but are at elevated COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] morbidity and mortality risk. Because RSAT [Residential Substance Abuse Treatment] program generally serve inmates who are nearing the end of their sentences, they are likely candidates for early release if these measures are implemented. Re-entry for individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) is a crucial transition even when solid release plans, stable housing, and linkages to community-based SUD treatment and recovery support are all in place. The added task of re-entry preparation that includes precautions and restrictions to reduce the spread of COVID-19 is an added challenge for justice professionals as well as RSAT clients whose may find their release date suddenly moved up. Plus, the risks associated with a return to drugs and alcohol are now exponentially higher." This document further outlines guidance steps for RSAT program staff, along with an addendum that includes brochures with information that can be shared with re-entering individuals.
Advocates for Human Potential (Firm)
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International Trade and Finance: Key Policy Issues for the 113th Congress [April 15, 2013]
"The U.S. Constitution grants authority over the regulation of foreign commerce to Congress, which it exercises in a variety of ways. These include the oversight of trade policy generally, and more particularly, the consideration of legislation to approve trade agreements and authorize trade programs. Policy issues cover such areas as: U.S. trade negotiations; tariffs; nontariff barriers; worker dislocation from trade liberalization, trade remedy laws; import and export policies; international investment, economic sanctions; and the trade policy functions of the federal government. Congress also has an important role in international finance. It has the authority over U.S. financial commitments to international financial institutions and oversight responsibilities for trade- and finance-related agencies of the U.S. Government. The 112th Congress approved U.S. bilateral free trade agreements with Colombia, Panama, and South Korea, extended the Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) programs through December 31, 2013, and reauthorized the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) through July 31, 2013. In addition, Congress authorized permanent normal trade relations (PNTR) status for Russia and Moldova, reauthorized the U.S. Export-Import Bank, and approved full U.S. participation in general capital increases for the World Bank and four regional development banks."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Hornbeck, J. F. (John F.); Irace, Mary A.
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Amendments to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA)
This document includes the amendments to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA).
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
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U.S. Diplomatic Missions: Background and Issues on Chief of Mission (COM) Authority [March 10, 2014]
"'Chief of Mission,' or COM, is the title conferred on the principal officer in charge of each U.S. diplomatic mission to a foreign country, foreign territory, or international organization. Usually the term refers to the U.S. ambassadors who lead U.S. embassies abroad, but the term also is used for ambassadors who head other official U.S. missions and to other diplomatic personnel who may step in when no ambassador is present. Appointed by the President, each COM serves as the President's personal representative, leading diplomatic efforts for a particular mission or in the country of assignment. U.S. ambassadors and others exercising COM authority are by law the cornerstone of U.S. foreign policy coordination in their respective countries. Their jobs are highly complex, demanding a broad knowledge of the U.S. foreign policy toolkit and the ability to oversee the activities and manage the representatives of many U.S. government entities, with some exceptions for those under military command. Congress plays an important role in setting standards for the exercise of COM authority and providing COMs with the resources--training, personnel, monetary--to promote its effective exercise. A number of recent developments have increased congressional attention to issues associated with the roles and responsibilities of COMs."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Weed, Matthew C.; Serafino, Nina M.
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Preventing the Introduction and Spread of Ebola in the United States: Frequently Asked Questions [December 5, 2014]
"Members of Congress and the public have considered ways to prevent the entry and spread of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in the United States. Official recommendations have seemed to conflict at times. In part this reflects the evolution of officials' understanding of this new threat and the scientific and technical aspects of its control. In addition, under the nation's federalist governance structure, the federal and state governments are empowered to take measures to control communicable diseases, and have addressed some aspects of the Ebola threat in varied ways. In the United States and abroad, public concern about the spread of Ebola also may have shaped policymakers' decisions as well. This Congressional Research Service (CRS) report answers common legal and policy questions about the potential introduction and spread of EVD in the United States. Questions and answers are presented in the following topical order: barring travelers from Ebola-stricken countries from coming to the United States, exit procedures upon departure from affected countries in Africa, U.S. laws and procedures involving airlines and other conveyances, identification and screening of passengers arriving from Ebola-affected countries, domestic quarantine and isolation: legal authority and policies."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Lister, Sarah A.
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Resupply of Duffer's Drift
In this short story, "The Resupply of Duffer's Drift", William C. Latham Jr. provides a fresh take on "The Defence of Duffer's Drift," a short 1904 book by Ernest Dunlop Swinton. From the webpage: "The 1904 novella recounts a series of dreams in which a British junior officer tries and fails to defend a critical river crossing, until he finally absorbs the lessons and accomplishes the mission. In light of the US Army's renewed emphasis on platoon leader development, this updated story borrows from Swinton's original work to illustrate core principles of small unit leadership in the twenty-first century."
Army University Press (U.S.)
Latham, William C. (William Clark), 1961-
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For Mental Health Providers: Working with Patients Affected by the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak
From the Document: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] outbreak may present a range of challenges for patients in your care[.] [...] There are many ways that these challenges might affect patients with existing mental health issues. [...] Providers can help mitigate risk for patients by: [1] Checking in on them regularly; [2] Providing accurate and up to date public health information; [3] Empathizing with stress reactions; [4] Fostering their patients' ability to cope with distress; [and] [5] Conveying that patients CAN take meaningful steps to manage their own stress reactions[.]"
National Center for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (U.S.)
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Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act (LHWCA): Overview of Workers' Compensation for Certain Private-Sector Maritime Workers [Updated March 10, 2021]
From the Summary: "The Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act (LHWCA) is a federal workers' compensation program that covers certain private-sector maritime workers. Firms that employ these workers are required to purchase workers' compensation or self-insure and are responsible for providing medical and disability benefits to covered workers who are injured or become ill on the job and survivors' benefits to the families of covered workers who die on the job. The LHWCA is administered by the Department of Labor (DOL), and all benefit costs are paid by employers and their insurance carriers. In 2017, more than $2 billion in LHWCA benefits were paid to beneficiaries."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Szymendera, Scott
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Use of Body-Worn Cameras by Federally Deputized Task Force Officers
From the Document: "The Department of Justice (Department or DOJ) permits the use of body worn cameras (BWCs) by task force officers (TFOs) on federal task forces. This policy provides the parameters for the use of BWCs by TFOs to the extent that a state or local law enforcement agency requires their use by its officers during federal task force operations. DOJ law enforcement agencies may issue internal standard operating procedures to implement TFO use of BWCs consistent with this policy. For purposes of this policy, the term, 'TFO BWC recordings,' refers to audio and video recordings and associated metadata from TFO BWCs made while the TFO is working under federal authority, including state and local warrants adopted by a federal agency."
United States. Department of Justice
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Science & Tech Spotlight: Genomic Sequencing of Infectious Pathogens
From the Document: "Genomic sequencing reveals the genetic code of an infectious disease pathogen, such as SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2], the virus that causes COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019]. Newer, faster, and less costly sequencing can now be used to more quickly track transmission, detect new variants, and develop vaccines and other countermeasures. However, challenges such as high startup costs and privacy concerns remain."
United States. Government Accountability Office
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National Water Dashboard [website]
From the Website: "This viewer shows provisional real-time water data collected at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) observation stations in context with weather-related data from other public sources."
Geological Survey (U.S.)
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Urgency of Now: Turning the Tide Against Epidemic and Pandemic Infectious Diseases
From the Document: "COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] has killed millions and destroyed the livelihoods of hundreds of millions of people. By the end of 2025, it will have cost the global economy $28 trillion. We have the tools. We know what we need to do. For the first time in history, we can credibly aim to eliminate the risk of epidemics and pandemics. We must invest in the vaccines and biologic countermeasures that we will need, while ensuring that no one is left behind. Our goal is within reach. We need only seize the fierce urgency of now."
Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations
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Alarming Incidents of White Supremacy in the Military--How to Stop it? Testimony of Mark Pitcavage, Before the U.S. House of Representatives, Armed Services Committee, Subcommittee on Military Personnel, One Hundred and Sixteenth Congress, Second Session, February 11, 2020
This is the Feburary 11, 2020 testimony of Mark Pitcavage, on "Alarming Incidents of White Supremacy in the Military - How to Stop It?" before the U.S. House of Representatives, Armed Services Committee, Subcommittee on Military Personnel. From the testimony of Mark Pitcavage: "Extreme social, political and religious movements pose many problems for the societies in which they are active, particularly when such movements engage in criminal or violent means to achieve their goals. ADL [Anti-Defamation League] has long understood that adherents of extreme causes, such as the white supremacist movement, pose special problems when allowed to exist within key institutions dedicated to protecting the people of the United States. These institutions include first responders, law enforcement, and the military. The unchecked presence of extremists in the military has already led to serious negative consequences for the services themselves as well as for the country and could again."
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services
Pitcavage, Mark
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Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA) [Updated August 3, 2020]
From the Summary: "Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA) benefits are available only to those individuals who have become unemployed as a direct result of a declared major disaster and are not eligible for regular Unemployment Compensation (UC). First created in 1970 through P.L. 91-606, DUA benefits are authorized by the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Relief Act (the Stafford Act), which authorizes the President to issue a major disaster declaration after state and local government resources have been overwhelmed by a natural catastrophe or, 'regardless of cause, any fire, flood, or explosion in any part of the United States' (42 U.S.C. §5122(2))."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Whittaker, Julie M.
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NECP Spotlight: Leveraging Mobile Applications to Bolster Emergency Alerts and Warnings
From the Introduction: "Emergency alerts and warnings provide the public with information that a significant event has occurred or is imminent requiring immediate attention and action(s) to take. As more people turn to their mobile devices for information, there becomes an increased need to develop innovative alerts and warnings technologies and enhanced capabilities. Through the development of new alerting systems that leverage databased, wireless technology, such as mobile applications, alerting authorities have the potential to increase public awareness and decrease alert notification times. The National Emergency Communications Plan (NECP) advocates for the continued integration of communication technologies, such as alerts and warnings, to support the interoperability of systems and services for information exchange among the responder and partner communities with the ultimate goal of ensuring the highest state of readiness. This spotlight examines three different mobile emergency alerts and warnings applications (apps) using cases and scenarios, demonstrating how the NECP's recommendations promote the development and adoption of new technologies that enhance communication capabilities."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
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Social Media Review
From the Foreword: "On January 6, 2021, both chambers of Congress convened in a joint session for what should have been a demonstration of a fundamental feature of our democracy: the peaceful transition of power. Instead, domestic terrorists attacked the U.S. Capitol, and January 6th will now forever be remembered as one of the darkest days in our nation's history. I have deep concerns about the behavior of former President Trump and the actions he took which incited and encouraged the domestic terrorists who attacked the Capitol. [...] Many of former President Trump's false statements were made in very public settings. Had Members made similar public statements in the weeks and months before the January 6th attack? Statements which are readily available in the public arena may be part of any consideration of Congress' constitutional prerogatives and responsibilities. Accordingly, I asked my staff to take a quick look at public social media posts of Members who voted to overturn the 2020 presidential election. Below is the social media review they shared with me, and I am now sharing it with you."
Office of Congresswoman Zoe Lofgren
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U.S. Department of Defense Office of Local Defense Community Cooperation Grant Management & Administration [website]
From the Webpage: "State and local governments, and instrumentalities of local government, are eligible for OLDCC [Office of Local Defense Community Cooperation] grant assistance as they respond to Defense industry actions, such as base closures or realignments, changes in Defense contracts, or address land use compatibility with the military." The website also provides "a list of grant resources and the federal statutes that guide OLDCC funding and federal grant law for OLDCC grantees."
United States. Department of Defense. Office of Local Defense Community Cooperation
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Disaster Behavioral Health [Resource Library]
From the Webpage: "When disasters strike, the ripple effects can be significant. Survivors may be injured or displaced, or may have loved ones in similar situations. The emotional, physical, and financial tolls can be jarring, and no one in the community is immune. Disaster behavioral health (DBH) includes the provision of mental health, substance abuse, and stress management services to disaster survivors and responders. Incorporating DBH into all phases of emergency management can ensure resident and responder preparedness, an effective, compassionate response effort, and a more resilient community moving forward. The resources on this page can help our stakeholders accomplish these goals."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response
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Topic Collection: Responder Safety and Health
From the Webpage: "Protecting the safety and health of disaster responders is critical for obvious reasons, but a safe and healthy workforce is better able to provide the community with an effective, comprehensive, response and recovery. The resources in this Topic Collection focus on safety strategies (e.g., preventing fatigue, ensuring the availability and correct use of personal protective equipment) and maintaining behavioral health (e.g., working through stress and preventing/addressing compassion fatigue)." The resources are divided into the following sections for ease of navigation: [1] Must Reads; [2] Behavioral Health and Resilience: Research and General Guidance; [3] Behavioral Health and Resilience: Resources for Supervisors; [4] Behavioral Health and Resilience: Resources for Responders; [5] Education and Training; [6] Occupational Safety; [7] Personal Protective Equipment; [8] Plans, Tools, and Templates; [9] Responder Fatigue; [10] Select Occupational Safety and Health Standards; and [11] Agencies and Organizations.
United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response
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Impeachment of President Donald J. Trump (2021) [website]
This website includes a compilation of bills, proceedings, and documents related to the impeachment of Donald J. Trump. From the Govinfo About page: "govinfo is a service of the United States Government Publishing Office (GPO), which is a Federal agency in the legislative branch. govinfo provides free public access to official publications from all three branches of the Federal Government. [...] In addition to providing an advanced, metadata-powered search experience, govinfo also includes a content management system and a standards-compliant preservation repository."
United States. Government Publishing Office
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Berry Amendment: Requiring Defense Procurement to Come from Domestic Sources [November 26, 2013]
"This report examines the original intent and purpose of the Berry Amendment and legislative proposals to amend the application of domestic source restrictions, as well as potential options for Congress. In order to protect the U.S. industrial base during periods of adversity and war, Congress passed domestic source restrictions as part of the 1941 Fifth Supplemental Department of Defense (DOD) Appropriations Act. These provisions later became known as the Berry Amendment. The Berry Amendment (Title 10 United States Code [U.S.C.] §2533a, Requirement to Buy Certain Articles from American Sources; Exceptions) contains a number of domestic source restrictions that prohibit DOD from acquiring food, clothing (including military uniforms), fabrics (including ballistic fibers), stainless steel, and hand or measuring tools that are not grown or produced in the United States. The Berry Amendment applies to DOD purchases only. […] Some policy makers believe that policies like the Berry Amendment contradict free trade policies, and that the presence and degree of such competition is the most effective tool for promoting efficiencies and improving quality. On the other hand, some other policy makers believe that key domestic sectors (like manufacturing) need the protections afforded by the Berry Amendment. The debate over the Berry Amendment raises several questions, among them (1) If the United States does not produce a solely domestic item, or if U.S. manufacturers are at maximum production capability, should DOD restrict procurement from foreign sources; and (2) to what extent do U.S. national security interests and industrial base concerns justify waiver of the Berry Amendment?"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Grasso, Valerie Bailey
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 3884, the MORE Act of 2020
This is the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Cost Estimate as ordered reported by the House of Representatives on December 4, 2020. From the Document: "H.R. 3884 would federally decriminalize cannabis (marijuana), expunge the records of people convicted of federal cannabis offenses, and require resentencing of some federal prisoners. As a result, CBO estimates, thousands of current inmates would be released earlier than under current law. In the future, decriminalization also would reduce the number of people in federal prisons and the amount of time federal inmates serve. In total, over the 2021-2030 period, CBO estimates that H.R. 3884 would reduce time served by 73,000 person-years, among existing and future inmates. CBO's analysis accounts for time served by offenders convicted of cannabis-only crimes and by those convicted of another crime in addition to a cannabis offense. Federal prisoners generally are not eligible for federal benefit programs. By reducing the prison population, CBO estimates, H.R. 3884 would increase the number of federal beneficiaries, compared with current law, and thus increase direct spending for federal benefit programs by $636 million over the 2021-2030 period. CBO and the staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation estimate that H.R. 3884 would increase revenues, on net, by about $13.7 billion over the 2021-2030 period by creating business income, compliance, and occupational taxes; those increases would be partially offset by allowing certain deductions for business expenses associated with trafficking controlled substances."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
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Support for Overstretched Clinicians During the Ongoing Pandemic: Literature and Practice
From the Document: "There is an emerging understanding that professional wellbeing must address multiple factors, and experts in the field recommend initiatives that improve practice workflows, facilitate a culture of respect and compassion, and promote personal resilience. The information and resources highlighted in this article, while not all published during the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic, are extremely relevant to healthcare workers operating in this challenging environment."
United States. Technical Resources, Assistance Center and Information Exchange
Barrett, Eileen
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National Crisis Support Hotlines and Directories: For Healthcare Workers Experiencing COVID-19-Related Stress and Burnout
This document provides the following resource information for healthcare workers: "Physician Support Line"; "Disaster Distress Helpline"; "National Suicide Prevention Lifeline"; "Crisis Text Line"; "SAMHSA's [Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration] National Helpline"; "Emotional PPE [personal protective equipment] Project"; "Behavioral Health Treatment Services Locator (SAMHSA)"; "Find A Psychiatrist"; and "Psychologist Locator."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Emotional Health and Wellbeing: For Health Providers, First Responders and Those on the Front Lines
From the Document: "Response to COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] has caused a disruption of our usual roles and routines, and adjustment to new work flows and responsibilities. Limited understanding of the virus comes with day-to-day uncertainty and concern for the health of individuals, families, and communities. Health care and frontline workers responding to COVID-19 will be under increased stress and uncertainties related to the virus can be harmful to a front line workers' mental health. [...] Disaster response is a challenging yet rewarding career. Health care workers and first responders experience stress and burnout under normal circumstances. The lifestyle and experiences associated with the profession increase risk for stress, second victim syndrome, limited exercise, perceived limited control, sleep deprivation, irregular and poor eating habits, and poor work-life balance. Developing strategies to build resilience and reduce stress can help improve the overall health and wellbeing of health care workers."
University of Missouri. Extension Division
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Tabletop Exercise: Supply Chain Integrity
From the Exercise Purpose: "The purpose of this exercise is to identify and confirm roles and responsibilities to establish effective communication and information sharing practices internally within [organization] and externally among partnering agencies, as well as support on-scene operational coordination. It is a [one-day] exercise with [senior-level participants and operators]."
Public-Private Analytic Exchange Program
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COVID-19 Field Feature: Pivoting to a COVID-19 Response in the Greater Houston Region
From the Document: "The novel coronavirus pandemic has forced health and public safety agencies across the U.S. to rethink every aspect of their day-to-day operations--and even their most reliable strategies for crisis preparedness and response. In small towns and large metropolitan areas alike, those responsible for the safety and security of their communities have had to pivot quickly to address large outbreaks and enforce a variety of mitigation actions to help 'flatten the curve' of surging infections. [...] The City of Houston and its five surrounding counties are home to 6.8 million people, spread across more than 7,000 square miles. Our metropolitan area is one of the 10 largest economies in the U.S. Since the pandemic began, the Houston Mayor's Office of Public Safety and Homeland Security has worked in close partnership with numerous law enforcement, emergency management, fire, healthcare, and other agencies in the region, alongside the private-sector companies that own a large portion of our critical infrastructure and supply chains."
Collaborative Reform Initiative Technical Assistance Center
Buenik, George T., Jr.; Hanagriff, Jack
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COVID-19 Field Feature: Keeping Montana Officers Trained During a Pandemic
From the Document: "With a population of just over one million inhabitants, served by approximately 2,500 state, local, and tribal law enforcement officers, Montana relies on one institution to train the vast majority of its peace officers: the Montana Law Enforcement Academy (MLEA). As news spread that police academies throughout the United States were shuttering and cancelling programs because of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019], MLEA's top-notch team improvised, adapted, and kept the academy fully operational. As Montana's governor began scaling back public services across the state in March 2020, a basic law enforcement class of 59 students was just a couple of weeks from graduation, and a new group of students was preparing to start shortly thereafter. Small, rural agencies were already short-handed and desperate to put officers on the street, and the larger agencies were still reeling from retirements and vacancies. Those factors combined with COVID-19 impacts made it the worst possible time for a disruption in MLEA training. Montana faced the prospect of significant long-term public safety consequences."
Collaborative Reform Initiative Technical Assistance Center
Lockerby, Bryan
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GAO Topic Collection: Homeland Security Products
This page lists the most recent GAO reports and testimonies related to homeland security issued since April 1997.
United States. Government Accountability Office
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COVID-19 Special Resource [website]
The Headington Institute, a non-profit organization specializing in psychological wellness for frontline responders, has dedicated a special section of their website to coronavirus 2019 [COVID-19] resources for job-related stress. From the Website: "As COVID-19 spreads around the world, aid workers, responders, and community intervention staff are all facing a landscape full of unknown challenges. Here at the Institute, it's our job to support you and your team, no mater what's ahead. In the coming days we will be posting more research-backed tools to help you and your team."
Headington Institute
