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International Organizations as an Instrument of Foreign Policy
More than a third of the international organizations (IOs) active on the world stage in 1992 were created by formal international agreements among countries. Most of the rest were created by existing international bodies. It is hard to imagine how world affairs would operate without international bodies such as the United Nations and its affiliates, international financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, or functional bodies such as the Universal Postal Union or the International Civil Aviation Organization. Nevertheless, the record shows that international organizations are not permanent fixture on the world scene, but that they are being created and dying all the time. Can international organizations be a viable tool of foreign policy? This paper explores the pros and cons, offering arguments from different viewpoints on this issue, including the moral issues involved.
National War College (U.S.)
Sanford, Jonathan E.
1999
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Covert Action: Cold War Dinosaur or 'Tool' for the 21st Century
"Just as a carpenter must select the right tool, based on the job and materials used, the strategist must select the proper 'tool' to accomplish his foreign policy objectives. The appropriateness of the policy 'tool' is based not only on the capabilities and limitations of the particular instrument, but the context of its employment. The current international and domestic context has dramatically increased the risk and potentially limited the use of covert action as an instrument of power. To analyze the impact of these contextual changes, let's first take off the 'trenchcoat' and clearly define the capabilities and limitations of covert action as a policy 'tool'."
National War College (U.S.)
Bonham, Gordon C.
1999
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Juvenile Mentoring Program 1998 Report to Congress
"Information for this report was gathered from JUMP [Juvenile Mentoring Program] grantee proposals, from regularly submitted grantee progress reports, and from direct phone contacts with program coordinators and other staff. The information primarily reflects activities that took place during the first quarter of FY 1998 (October 1, 1997-December 31, 1997), but also includes information from earlier fiscal years. This information represents initial data gathered as part of a national evaluation of mentoring as implemented through the individual JUMP projects. [...] The '1998 Report to Congress' begins with an overview of the principles guiding OJJDP's approach to juvenile crime prevention and the community environment impacting that approach. The second chapter describes the individual JUMP grants and the intervention models that grantees have selected to implement in their communities. Chapters 3, 4, and 5 provide descriptions of the youth being served, their volunteer mentors, and the nature of their mentoring relationship. Finally, the report examines initial evaluation findings and some promising indicators of success, and presents anticipated directions for future mentoring and mentoring-related activities."
United States. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
Juvenile Mentoring Program (U.S.)
1998-12
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CNE and CNA in the Network Centric Battlespace: Challenges for Operators and Lawyers
This article is a speech that was addressed at the Naval War College Symposium on Computer Network "Attack" and International Law on June 22, 1999. This Symposium is unique in that it is the first time war fighters, information technology experts, and members of the international legal community came together to discuss this vital topic. We are now witnessing an analogous change in the character of war and warfare, an information revolution that enables a shift from what we call platform-centric warfare to Network-Centric Warfare. Understanding of these new operations remains nascent; no great body of collated wisdom has emerged to explain how this revolution will alter national and international security dynamics. That is one of the challenges our governments face; to identify and explore the operational and legal issues associated with the new way in which wars of the next millennium will be waged. Perhaps most notably, Network-Centric Warfare enables a shift from attrition-based warfare to a much faster and effects-based war fighting style, one characterized not only by operating inside an opponent's decision loop by speed of command, but by an ability to change the warfare context or ecosystem. At least in theory, the result may well be decisional paralysis.
Naval War College (U.S.)
Cebrowski, A.K.
1999
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United States Coast Guard Strategic Plan 1999
The Strategic Plan is organized in three sections: Service-wide, Operations, and Logistics. The Service-wide section includes Coast Guard-wide vision, mission, goals, and strategies. It provides the overarching guidance and direction for the organization. The Operations section includes our strategies for achieving our Safety, Mobility, Protection of Natural Resources, Maritime Security, and National Defense Strategic Goals. The Logistics section includes our strategies for meeting the Coast Guard's capability and readiness requirements. While a significant step forward, this is the Coast Guard's first Strategic Plan and, as such, there are gaps which reflect that our strategic planning processes are not mature. This first edition establishes a framework upon which we will seek improvement during subsequent cycles. Areas of improvement will include developing implementation steps for our strategies, refining our performance measures, and improving our management information systems and strategic planning processes.
United States. Coast Guard
1999
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Guide for Developing Security Plans for Information Technology Systems
Today's rapidly changing technical environment requires federal agencies to adopt a minimum set of management controls to protect their information technology (IT) resources. These management controls are directed at individual information technology users in order to reflect the distributed nature of today's technology. Technical and operational controls support management controls. To be effective, these controls all must interrelate. This document provides a guideline for federal agencies to follow when developing the security plans that document the management, technical, and operational controls for federal automated information systems. The purpose of this security plan is to provide an overview of the security requirements of the system and describe the controls in place or planned for meeting those requirements. The system security plan also delineates responsibilities and expected behavior of all individuals who access the system.
National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)
Swanson, Marianne
1998-12
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National Security and Emergency Preparedness Telecom News 1999, Issue 3
NS/EP Telecom News is published quarterly under the auspices of Ms. Diann
McCoy, Deputy Manager, National Communications System (NCS), to provide
readers with analytical reports on issues relating to NS/EP telecommunications. This edition includes the following articles:Manager Says Information Assurance is Key to Warfighter; DOD Business Enterprise Success; Emergency Responders Battle Hurricane Floyd Along U.S. East Coast; Hamre Provides NSTAC DOD Perspectives on Y2K, Technology Challenges; IES Recaps Accomplishments during NSTAC XXII Meeting; Cohen Listens, Answers Questions on NSTAC Concerns; President Names AT&T's Armstrong as an NSTAC Member; President Renews NSTAC Through 2001; ITAA Awarded Funding for Cybercitizen Partnership; Y2K Officials Say Canada, United States, Mexico are in Good Position Approaching 2000; DOD Conducts Largest Y2K Test Ever; and President Signs Executive Order Creating National Infrastructure Assurance Council.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
1999
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National Security and Emergency Preparedness Telecom News 1999, Issue 2
NS/EP Telecom News is published quarterly under the auspices of Ms. Diane Fountaine, Deputy Manager, National Communications System (NCS), to provide
readers with analytical reports on issues relating to NS/EP telecommunications. This edition includes the following articles: NS/EP Implications of GPS Timing; Basic Internet Structures Expected to be Y2K Ready; Intelligence on the Edge; Hamre "Cuts" JTF-CND Operations Center Ribbon, Thanks Cyberwarriors; President Clinton Names Richard Brown to the President's National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee; OMNCS Reaches for the Stars! Memorandum Establishes Collaborative Effort with Mobile Service Provider ICO; U.S. Telecommunications Industry on Track to Achieve Year 2000 Readiness; and Gov. Ridge Leads Regional Agreement for Cooperative Information Sharing on Year 2000 Challenge.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
1999
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National Security and Emergency Preparedness Telecom News 1999, Issue 1
NS/EP Telecom News is published quarterly under the auspices of Ms. Diane Fountaine, Deputy Manager, National Communications System (NCS), to provide
readers with analytical reports on issues relating to NS/EP telecommunications. This edition includes the following articles: NCC Monitors Plains Tornado
Telecommunications Assistance; John A. Koskinen: Attempting to Ensure the Y2K is Last Headache of the 20th Century; President Clinton Names Five Members to the Nationial Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee (NSTAC); FEMA Director Witt Announces New Project Impact Communities; Joint Task Force on Computer Network Defense Now Operational; Deputy Commerce Secretaty Announces Consortium of Private Sector Coordinators for Critical Infrastructure Protection of the Communications and Information Sector; PSN Security Primer Now Available; Justice Department, ITAA Annouce Cybercitizen Partnership; 1999 is 'Year of Testing' Y2K Solutions, Hamre Says; and DSS Expansion Broadens Federal IT Security Choices.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
1999
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Seller Beware: US International Technology Transfer and Its Impact on National Security
"In the post-cold-war era, there has been a concern that the current policies and strategies regarding exports are obsolete and need overhauling. The call for reexamining the policies is being championed alternately by those who want export controls and policies relaxed and those who believe we may already be transferring too much sensitive technology to potential adversaries. The question at the heart of the dilemma is this: Can the United States maintain a technologically superior force while it expands the defense industrial base beyond the needs of our military. The overall threat to US interests will be complicated by the proliferation of advanced technologies. While U.S. and Western militaries are seen to have the edge in integrating various technologies, the greatest challenge may come from rogue nations or a subnational group possessing a critical system or technology that provides an asymmetrical edge or negates our advantage. This paper examines the debate regarding whether and how to change current export controls and policies, discusses the current policies with an emphasis on how they relate to the defense industry, and concludes by looking at the strategic challenges facing the United States on technology transfer."
Air University (U.S.). Press
Johnson, Wayne M.
1998-12
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HRM Accountability System Development Guide
This Human Resources Management (HRM) Accountability System Development Guide has been developed by OPM to help achieve the goal of sound, manager-based people management in the Federal Government. It is based on the following simple premise: Human resources management does not exist as an end in itself but for the purpose of supporting organizational mission accomplishment.
United States. Office of Personnel Management
1998-12
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Justification for Unilateral Action in Response to the Iraqi Threat: A Critical Analysis of Operation Desert Fox
This article addresses the legality of Operation Desert Fox in the context of the international legal system. The United Nations Charter, to which all parties involved in this conflict are signatories, prohibits the use of force except for two narrow exceptions. Part II of this article describes the events that resulted in American and British air strikes. Part III explains the international law as it pertains to the situation. Parts IV, V, and VI explain the theories for justification based on anticipatory self defense, reprisal, and material breach of Resolution 687, respectively. Finally, this article concludes with a discussion about the legality of the United States attack on Iraq. The first step in the analysis, however, is to understand the crisis and the events that lead the Clinton administration to believe military force was the best solution to deal with the Iraqi government.
Library of Congress. Federal Research Division
Condron, Sean M.
1999
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Critical Infrastructure Assurance: Electric Power Reliability
In this policy analysis exercise (PAE), we analyze the North American electric power infrastructure and offer recommendations for reducing vulnerabilities. We examine the electric power industry, the threats to it, its vulnerabilities, and its relationships with other organizations. Our major sources of information consist of interviews, attendance at an infrastructure protection conference, and extensive academic research. Our recommendations focus on reducing three specific vulnerabilities: physical terrorism, cyber attacks and confluence of events. Finally, we assess the benefits of our recommendations and the obstacles to implementation.
Air Force Institute of Technology (U.S.)
Bremer, Maximilian K.; Feliz, Daniel; Perry, Troy
1999
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North Korean Leadership: Kim Jong Il's Intergenerational Balancing Act
The death of a totalitarian leader in the communist world, such as Stalin in the Soviet Union and Mao in China, can lead to a power struggle. North Korea's Kim Il Sung was a totalitarian ruler no less absolutist than any other socialist leader. Therefore, when Kim Il Sung died in July 1994 outside observers predicted an imminent power struggle. Surprisingly the demise of North Korea's "Great Leader," however, did not result in any particular changes in court politics. To all appearances, Pyongyang's power elite remained calm and stable, without any signs of factional infighting. Herein lies the mystery of contemporary North Korean politics.
National Defense University. Institute for National Strategic Studies
Jeon, Jei Guk
1998-12
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Evaluation of the Florida Fire Chiefs' Association Statewide Fire-Rescue Disaster Response Plan Utilized During the Florida Wild Fires of 1998
"The problem identified for research was that since the inception of the Florida Fire Chief's Association (FFCA) Statewide Fire-Rescue Disaster Response Plan, no formal evaluation of the plan had been performed to determine its successes, failures, or areas for improvement. [...] The purpose of this applied research project was to evaluate the FFCA Statewide Fire Rescue Disaster Response Plan from the actual managers of the plan to determine if the current plan has been successful in managing large scale disasters such as the Florida Fire Storm season of 1998. The research sought answers to the following questions: (1) Was the State of Florida, Department of Emergency Management, effective with its EOC operations in coordinating the overall wildland/urban interface fire storm disaster of 1998? (2) Did the 'Statewide Fire-Rescue Disaster Response Plan' as developed by the Florida Fire Chiefs' Association (FFCA) provide an effective overall means of providing relief efforts for ESF's [Emergency Support Function] 4 & 9 support functions for the state EOC [Emergency Control Officer]? (3) Did the "Statewide Fire-Rescue Disaster Response Plan" provide Regional Coordinators and County Coordinators with an effective means of allocating resources and deploying resources in a timely manner? (4) Did a recognized Incident Command System (ICS) provide an effective means of coordinating relief efforts for the state EOC, Regional Coordinators, and County Coordinators? (5) Did established communications methods such as telephone, fax, cellular, paging, radios, internet, etc., provide an effective means of transfer of information?"
National Fire Academy
White, Lars D.
1998-12
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Justification for Annual Medical Evaluations for Fire Fighters
"Graham Fire & Rescue does not periodically evaluate whether employees are physically capable of performing interior structural fire fighting. Therefore, the health and safety of the employees are compromised and the risk of legal liability to the fire district is increased. The purpose of this research project was to investigate and justify why fire agencies should establish a periodic medical evaluation program. The author used a combination of descriptive and evaluative methodologies to answer the research questions: 1. Excluding regulations, why should employers periodically evaluate the capability of their employees to perform interior structural fire fighting? 2. Why are task performance physical ability tests challenged in the courtroom? 3. How do other fire agencies in the State of Washington evaluate the physical capability of their employees to perform interior structural fire fighting? 4. What state or federal regulations require employers to periodically evaluate employees for physical capability to perform interior structural fire fighting? The author requested a literature review from the LRC [Learning Resource Center] at the National Fire Academy, distributed a physical fitness survey to 369 fire agencies in the State of Washington, reviewed employee health and safety regulations, extracted data from the Internet and conducted a personal interview with a health and safety expert. The results of this research project concluded that due to high incidents of heart attack, the demand for physical prowess in fire fighting, and the natural aging process of workers, employers should periodically evaluate the physical capability of their employees."
National Fire Academy
Romines, Reggie
1998-12
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Deterrence and Defense in a Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Environment
This volume is a revised version of the same title first published in 1995. It was, and remains, a brief primer on the key security issues that emerge from the proliferation of nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) weapons and missiles as a means of delivery. Since its initial publication, much work has been undertaken to improve our understanding of the NBC threat and the consequences for U.S. forces should these weapons be used. While these efforts have significantly advanced the knowledge base, the judgments of this primer remain valid. The most noteworthy change from the first edition is the addition of a separate chapter on NBC terrorism. This reflects a growing national concern about the possibility for, and consequences of, terrorist use of these weapons against the United States homeland. We judge this threat to be real, and view it as a logical extension to the threat already posed to U.S. forces deployed abroad. Given the potentially profound implications of NBC weapons, we must devote attention to the mitigation of every aspect of this threat. Included here, also, are charts and tables that correspond and relate to the content of this report.
National Defense University. Institute for National Strategic Studies
Joseph, Robert G.; Reichart, John F.
1999
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Researching Employee Recognition Programs for the Winter Springs Fire Department
"The Winter Springs Fire Department's (W.S.F.D.) employee focus group realized the department lacked an employee recognition program. This reasearch paper will form the foundation for the development of a recognition program for the W.S.F.D. Descriptive and evaluative research methods were used necessary to explore the following questions: (1) What are the success factors in effective employee recognition programs? (2) What are the components of effective employee recognition programs? (3) What are the steps to the development of an effective employee recognition program? The research material for this project was compiled from sources on the Internet, at the local library and at the National Fire Academy's Learning Resource Center. A survey was completed by W.S.F.D. members to gain their input about an employee recognition program. The results of the project found three success factors of an effective employee recognition program. These were: (1) A recognition program must be imbedded in the organizational culture. (2) Employees must be recognized on a daily basis. (3) The employees must value a recognition program. Components of a successful recognition program were also identified. These components included the ideas of success, honesty, timing, employee value, and acknowledgement of recognition. Finally, the steps for the development of an employee recognition progam were identified. These included: (1) Determining the statement the organization desires to make with the program. (2) Developming a recognition strategy. (3) Identifying critical success factors and obstacles. (4) Development of a communication and presentation strategy. (5) Developing a method of program evaluation. It is recommended that the focus group and the department's administration develop an employee recognition program."
National Fire Academy
Beck, Robert C.
1998-12
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Development of a Certification Program for Hazardous Materials Inspectors
"The problem identified for this research project is that the Orange County Fire Authority (OCFA) has had difficulty in recruiting and retaining a contingent of trained and competent fire inspectors. Many of the more competent inspectors were hired by other fire departments with better compensation packages, while some of the less knowledgeable and skilled inspectors were terminated or required excessive oversight by their supervisors. The purpose of this study was to develop a certification standard for the specialized inspectors in the Hazardous Materials Services Section (HMSS). Attainment of the certification would entitle the inspector to 5% incentive pay while assigned to HMSS. I chose the action research method in order to meet the goal of developing the hazardous materials certification standard by a deadline which had been determined by the OCFA's Executive Management during contract negotiations. Three research questions were addressed for the study: (1) What are the particular skill sets required for fire inspector staff assigned to the HMSS? (2) What classes, training, and/or tests should be required as a demonstration that the inspector has acquired the necessary skills? (3) Should there be a requirement for the inspector to re-certify that they have the particular skills, and if so, what should be required? Procedures to complete the study included a review of literature at the National Fire Academy, the University of California at Irvine, the Orange County Fire Authority, the Internet, and by means of personal contacts of resources identified at these sources."
National Fire Academy
Boyd, Christine
1998-12
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Employee Acknowledgment Programs in Emergency Services
"In March of 1998 the City of Clearwater, FL, appointed a new Fire Chief. Of primary concern to the new administration was the atmosphere of distrust between labor and management. This problem was counterproductive to the success of the organization and the resulting poor morale was widespread. The problem that prompted this research project was that the Department had no meaningful program to acknowledge the extraordinary accomplishments of its personnel, either in the workplace or the community. The purpose of this research project was to study the factors that motivate employees in today's workplace and to design a program that acknowledges and even motivates personnel in their efforts to contribute to the overall success of the organization. The action research method was used. The following research questions were posed: (1) How does the lack of an employee recognition program affect employees and organizations? (2) Are there any unanticipated benefits awaiting organizations that implement an employee recognition program? (3) What types of programs work best in emergency services organizations? (4) What resources are required for successful programs? The literature review examined the current discussions on employee motivation and the variety of programs utilized by organizations considered successful by both their customers and their employees. Not surprising was the limited information available in the public sector. The results indicated that employees are not motivated by money, nor will they respond to the antiquated theory of "hard-line" management practices. Public safety organizations that evolve to meet the needs of the changing community must also develop the management practices necessary to meet the needs of their personnel."
National Fire Academy
Herald, Rowland
1998-12
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Customer Service, Fact or Fiction
"The topic of whether customer service is essential for fire department operations was identified for research. The of the research was to analyze the meaning of quality customer service, and determine if customer service is essential for the fire service. A descriptive research methodology was utilized to answer the following questions: (1) Is customer service essential in today's fire service? (2) What are the most popular methods utilized to measure customer satisfaction? (3) Are fire service organizations experiencing changes in the way they are perceived by and interact with customers? The procedures used to complete this research included a literature review of various fire service publications, as well as literature from several service oriented industries, concerning how to improve customer service. Findings of the research indicated that the ability to maintain effective customer relations within the community is very important to the future of the fire service. Fire administrators must begin to refocus their thinking as to what services they will provide in the future. In order to effectively make this change it will be necessary to ascertain what services the customer wants and measure their satisfaction with said services. Recommendations were made to guide Palm Beach County Fire Rescue (PBCFR) in the development of a marketing plan and a survey to measure satisfaction with the services provided by the Inspections section of the Bureau of Safety Services."
National Fire Academy
Sierra, Albert L.
1998-12
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Defining Environmental Security: Implications for the U.S. Army
"The mission of Army Environmental Policy Institute (AEPI) is to assist the Army Secretariat in developing proactive policies and strategies to address environmental issues that may have significant future impacts on the Army. In the execution of this mission, AEPI is further tasked with the identification and assessment of the potential impacts on the Army of emerging environmental issues and trends. This report is an exploration of emerging issues in the area of international environmental security. This report is not intended to be a standalone analysis upon which to base Army policy. Rather, its intent is to provoke thought on emerging environmental issues of importance to the Army and to present recommendations for further investigation."
U.S. Army Environmental Policy Institute
1998-12
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Montgomery County Transportation Emergency Preparedness Program Exercise Report :Temper '98 Multiple Vehicle Accident Involving Radioactive Materials on Gateway Center Drive
"In December of 1997, the State of Maryland requested the Department of Energy (DOE) to sponsor and coordinate a radioactive materials transportation exercise involving a group of local and state emergency responders. As part of the National Transportation Emergency Preparedness Program (TEPP), DOE EM-76 initiated an integrated, comprehensive approach to the exercise planning process. EM-76 in conjunction with three Operations Offices (Savannah River, Richland, and Brookhaven National Laboratory) teamed with the State of Maryland and Montgomery County Fire and Rescue Service (MCFRS) to pilot test DOE TEPP plans, procedures and training programs. The drill/exercise effort was code named Temper '98. Temper '98 involved responders from the State of Maryland's Department of the Environment Radiation Assistance Response Team, DOE Region 1 Radiological Assistance Program Team, as well as responders from the following Montgomery County Departments: Emergency Management Division, Transportation, Fire and Rescue, Police, Emergency Communication Center and the Medical Examiner. In addition to players at the accident scene, the DOE Oak Ridge Operations Office and DOE NN-60 Watch Office also participated in the exercise. The exercise lasted approximately two hours and involved approximately 75 responders."
United States. Department of Energy
1998-11-30
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Perspective Series: Cuba: Systematic Repression of Dissent
"This report has been written to address the information needs and issues of concern to U.S. Asylum Officers. [...]. As described in chapters II-VII of this report, Cuba is a one-party Communist state, in which every Cuban is subject to a totalitarian system of political and social control. That system is institutionalized and given legal framework by the 1976 Constitution and the Penal Code, which together outlaw virtually any form of political or civic activity outside the purview of the Communist Party of Cuba (PCC). Anyone deemed by the regime to be in opposition to it is regarded as a 'counterrevolutionary' and an 'enemy,' and is therefore at risk of punishment. The judicial system is constitutionally subordinated to the executive and legislative branches and under the control of the PCC. That leaves Cubans with no recourse before the unlimited powers of the state, which has 'zero tolerance for the growth of civil society'1 and systematically violates the rights to freedom of expression, association, assembly, privacy and due process of law."
INS Resource Information Center
Payne, Douglas
1998-12
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Enforcement Strategy Update (of) FDA Regulation 21 CFR 589.2000, The BSE Feed Regulation
This document describes the efforts in accomplishments in conforming to the Regulation to ensure the prevention of the spread of BSE, further goals in this effort and identifies resources needed to meet these goals.
United States. Food and Drug Administration
1998-12
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Structure of Family Violence: An Analysis of Selected Incidents
"This report was prepared using actual data supplied by law enforcement agencies to the Uniform Crime Reporting Program under its new National Incident- Based Reporting System (NIBRS). Its purpose is to demonstrate a potential utility of the NIBRS data, and its content should not be viewed as a reliable indicator of the family violence experience. The current volume of data in the NIBRS is too small to produce any reliable national statements on this topic. This report, however, is an example of the national analysis that will be possible as the database grows."
United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation
1999
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Army Lessons Learned and Successful TTPs for Hurricane Mitch Humanitarian Assistance: JTF Commander's Initial Impressions
"The JTF Commander provided the following guiding principles for his O-6 commanders during humanitarian assistance operations in Central America after Hurricane Mitch."
U.S. Army Combined Arms Center
Nascimento, Leonel
1999
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National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000: Report to Accompany S. 1059 on Authorizing Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2000 for Military Activities of the Department of Defense, for Military Construction, and for Defense Activities of the Department of Energy, to Prescribe Personnel Strengths for Such Fiscal Year for the Armed Forces, and for Other Purposes together with Additional Views, Committee on Armed Services, United States Senate One Hundred Sixth Congress, First Session, May 14, 1999
The Committee on Armed Services reports favorably an original bill to authorize appropriations during the fiscal year 2000 for military activities of the Department of Defense, for military construction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe personnel strengths for such fiscal year for the armed forces, and for other purposes, and recommends that the bill do pass. This bill would (1) authorize appropriations for (a) procurement, (b) research, development, test and evaluation, (c) operation and maintenance and the revolving and management funds of the Department of Defense for fiscal year 2000; (2) authorize the personnel end strengths for each military active duty component of the armed forces for fiscal year 2000; (3) authorize the personnel end strengths for the Selected Reserve of each of the reserve components of the armed forces for fiscal year 2000; (4) authorize the annual average military training student loads for the active and reserve components of the armed forces for fiscal year 2000; (5) impose certain reporting requirements; (6) impose certain limitations with regard to specific procurement and research, development, test and evaluation actions and manpower strengths; provide certain additional legislative authority, and make certain changes to existing law; (7) authorize appropriations for military construction programs of the Department of Defense for fiscal year 2000; and (8) authorize appropriations for national security programs of the Department of Energy for fiscal year 2000. The committee recommends full funding for the military construction and family housing programs to allow the Department to ensure that important quality of life projects are not delayed in fiscal year 2000.
United States. Government Printing Office
1999
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S. Hrg. 106-237; Serial No. J-106-27: Clinton Justice Department's Refusal to Enforce the Law on Voluntary Confessions: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Criminal Justice Oversight of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, One Hundred Sixth Congress, First Session on Examining the Department of Justice's Decision Regarding the Enforcement of Federal Statute 18 U.S.C. 3501, which Governs the Admissability of Voluntary Confessions in Federal Court and the Impact on the Miranda Rights, May 13, 1999
From the opening statement of Strom Thurmond: "We will review a Federal statute, 18 U.S.C. 3501, that the Congress passed to govern the admissibility of voluntary confessions in Federal court. Unfortunately, the Clinton administration has refused to use this tool to help Federal prosecutors in their work to fight crime." Statements, letters, and material submitted for the record include those of the following: Strom Thurmond, Paul G. Cassell, Gilbert G. Gallegos, Stephen J. Markman, Daniel C. Richman, Richard M. Romley, and George Thomas.
United States. Government Printing Office
1999
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FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin: December 1998
This issue provides an article about handling and resolving citizen complaints. Another article examines INTERPOL, and how investigators worldwide use its services to coordinate information gathering. The bulletin also includes an article about moving and touching stowed or checked luggage, and related Fourth Amendment considerations. Regular departments provide information about realtor-police partnerships and violence at the workplace.
United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation
1998-12
