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• Letter from Vanessa E. Quinn to Elmo E. Collins, Jr. Regarding the Comanche Peak Nuclear Power Plant (CPNPP) Plume Pathway Exercise Evaluated on August 29, 2007

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  From the Letter: "Enclosed is a copy of the radiological emergency preparedness final report for the Comanche Peak Nuclear Power Plant (CPNPP) Plume Pathway exercise evaluated on August 19, 2007. There were two Areas Requiring Corrective Action (ARCAs) and one Deficiency identified during the plume exercise. The ARCAs will be scheduled for correction at the next biennial exercise. The Deficiency was corrected on November 6, 2007 in conjunction with a medical drill evaluation. These results will be issued in a separate drill report by December 6, 2007. Based on the results of this exercise and the correction of the Deficiency on November 6, 2007, the offsite radiological emergency response plans and preparedness for the State of Texas and the affected local jurisdictions are deemed adequate to provide reasonable assurance that appropriate measures can be taken to protect the health and safety of the public in the event of a radiological emergency. Therefore, 44 CFR [Code of Federal Regulations] Part 350 approval of the offsite radiological emergency response plans and preparedness for the State of Texas site-specific to CPNPP will remain in effect." A copy of the FEMA report can be found here: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=858212].

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  2007-11-19
• Letter from Lisa Hammond to Kathryn C. Perkins Regarding the Comanche Peak Nuclear Power Plant Radiological Emergency Preparedness Exercise Conducted on August 29, 2007

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  From the Letter: "This letter officially informs you of the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) identification of a Deficiency which occurred during the Comanche Peak Nuclear Power Plant Radiological Emergency Preparedness Exercise conducted on August 29, 2007. This issue was discussed during the post-exercise participants' briefing on August 30, 2007. The Deficiency is being assessed against Hood County under Evaluation Area Criterion 2.c.1. - Protective Action Decisions for Special Populations. The Hood County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) staff failed to identify mobility impaired, special needs, hearing impaired and/or transportation dependent individuals living in the recommended evacuated zones when the protective action decisions were made during the exercise. [...] Because of the potential impact on public health and safety, this situation should be corrected within 120 days of the exercise date through appropriate remedial actions." A copy of the FEMA report can be found here: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=858212].

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  2007-09-06
• Exercise Report: Cooper Nuclear Station Full Scale Exercise (July 19, 2006)

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  From the Executive Summary: "On July 19, 2006, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS)\Chemical and Nuclear Preparedness and Protection Division (CNPPD) Kansas City Field Office, evaluated an exercise in the plume exposure pathway emergency planning zone (EPZ) around the Cooper Nuclear Station. In addition, out-of-sequence drills were conducted on June 20-22, 2006. The purpose of the exercise and drills was to assess the level of State and local preparedness in responding to a radiological emergency. [...] This report contains the evaluation of the biennial Full-Scale Exercise conducted on July 19, 2006."

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  2006-09-28
• Final Exercise Report: Cooper Nuclear Station (September 21, 2004)

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  From the Executive Summary: "On September 21, 2004, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Region VII, evaluated an exercise in the plume exposure pathway emergency planning zone (EPZ) around the Cooper Nuclear Station. In addition, out-of-sequence drills were conducted on August 23-24, 2004. The purpose of the exercise and drills was to assess the level of State and local preparedness in responding to a radiological emergency. [...] This report contains the evaluation of the biennial Full-Scale Exercise conducted on September 21, 2004."

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  2004-11-10
• Evaluation of DHS' Compliance with Federal Information Security Modernization Act Requirements for Intelligence Systems for Fiscal Year 2020

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  From the Unclassified Summary: "We evaluated the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) enterprise-wide security program for Top Secret/Sensitive Compartmented Information intelligence systems. [...] We determined that DHS' information security program for Top Secret/Sensitive Compartmented Information intelligence systems is effective this year as the Department achieved 'Level 4 - Managed and Measurable' in three of five cybersecurity functions, based on current reporting instructions for intelligence systems. However, we identified deficiencies in DHS' protect and recover functions. We made three recommendations to the Office of Intelligence and Analysis to address the deficiencies identified. The Office of Intelligence and Analysis concurred with all three recommendations. We conducted our fieldwork between July 2020 and March 2021."

  United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General

  2021-08-23
• Letter from Andrew Velasquez to Mark Sartorius Regarding the Clinton Power Station Medical Services (MS-1) After Action Report/Improvement Plan Conducted on October 19, 2010

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  From the Letter: "Enclosed is one copy of the Clinton Power Station Medical Services (MS-1) After Action Report/Improvement Plan. The drill was conducted in Bloomington, Illinois, on October 19, 2010. Participants included staff from the Illinois Emergency Management Agency, Bloomington Fire Department, and the Order of St. Francis St. Joseph Medical Center. No Deficiencies or Areas Requiring Corrective Action were identified during this drill. Please see the enclosed After Action Report/Improvement Plan for further details." A copy of the full report can be found here: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=858152].

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  2010-12-14
• Letter from Dale W. Shipley to Robert M. Gallo Regarding the Biennial Medical Drill Conducted in Columbiana County for the Beaver Valley Power Plant on November 9, 1999

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  This letter, dated November 22, 1999, from FEMA's Regional Director, Dale W. Shipley, was sent to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Chief, Robert M. Gallo, in regards to the Medical Drill conducted in Columbiana County for the Beaver Valley Power Plant on November 9, 1999. Probable mentioned attachment is located here in HSDL: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=857937].

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  Shipley, Dale W., 1939-

  1999-11-22
• Enforcement of the Voting Rights Act in the State of Texas, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, First Session, May 3, 2019

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  This is the May 3, 2019 hearing on "Enforcement of the Voting Rights Act in the State of Texas," held before the House Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties of the Committee on the Judiciary. From the Opening Statement of Steve Cohen: "This field hearing is part of a series of hearings of the Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties, which we will be holding over the course of the 116th Congress, to assess the present need for a reinvigoration of the preclearance requirement of Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Ernest Herrera, Gary L. Bledsoe, Jayla Allen, Michael T. Morley, Mimi Marziani, Jerry G. Vattamala, and Jose Garza.

  United States. Government Publishing Office

  2020
• Importance of Trauma-Informed Practices in Education to Assist Students Impacted by Gun Violence and Other Adversities, Hearing Before the Subcommittee Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education, Committee on Education and Labor, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, First Session, September 11, 2019

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  This is the September 11, 2019 hearing on "Importance of Trauma-Informed Practices in Education to Assist Students Impacted by Gun Violence and Other Adversities," held before the House Subcommittee Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. From the Opening Statement of Gregorio Kilili Camacho Sablan: "This morning, we are here to discuss the Federal Government's responsibility to ensure that every child from the Marianas to Maine has a nurturing learning environment. Today, many children are prevented from reaching their full potential because they are suffering from the significant long-term effects of trauma. In fact, 34 million children, or 45 percent of children, have endured an adverse childhood experience that can hinder their ability to learn and grow." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Ingrida Barker, Nadine Burke Harris, Joy Hofmeister, and Janice Jackson.

  United States. Government Publishing Office

  2021
• Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2004: Hearings before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate One Hundred Eighth Congress, First Session on H.R. 2660/S. 1356, March 19, 27, April 8, and 9, 2003

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  This hearing discusses key issues in the President's budget. The budget proposed by the President for HHS will enable the Department to continue its important work with partners at the State and local levels and the newly created Department of Homeland Security. Working together will hold fast to the commitment to protecting our Nation and ensuring the health and wellbeing of all Americans. Many programs at HHS provide necessary services that contribute to fighting the war on terrorism to provide a more secure future. This hearing examines the focus on preparedness at the State and local level, HHS's ability to respond rapidly to a bioterrorist attack, research on and development of vaccines and other therapies to counter potential bioterrorist attacks, and ensuring the safety of our food supply. The President's fiscal year 2004 budget request continues to support the needs of the American people by strengthening and improving Medicare and Medicaid; enhancing Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and Foster Care; strengthening the Child Support Enforcement Program; and furthering the reach of the President's New Freedom Initiative. The support of the committee is vital to achieving many of the Administration's most important priorities. Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Duane Alexander, James F. Battey, William R. Beldon, Robert C. Byrd, Elaine L. Chao, Francis S. Collins, Claude Lenfant, Donald Lindberg, Patty Murray, Kenneth Olden, Roderick Paige, Audrey S. Penn, Roderic I. Pettigrew, John Ruffin, and Paul A. Sieving.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2003
• Hurricane Katrina: The Houston Perspective [presentation]

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  This presentation was given by John Blackburn at a training conference hosted by the Department of Education's Office of Safe and Drug-free Schools. Chief John Blackburn, Chief of Police for the Houston Independent School District shared his experiences and lessons learned during Hurricane Katrina.

  Readiness and Emergency Management for Schools Technical Assistance Center (U.S.)

  Blackburn, John
• Second in a Series of Two Hearings to Discuss the Response to Hurricane Katrina, Hearing Before the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, One Hundred Ninth Congress, First Session, November 2, 2005

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  From the opening statement of Chairman James M. Inhofe: "There is no doubt that we face many challenges when responding to disasters--in the days leading up to the disaster, the days following the long-term recovery. What happened with Katrina was unprecedented for this country. It is vital that we properly assess the role of the Federal Government to find out what has worked and what has not worked. While we can look back on the initial responses to make judgments, there is still much work to be done. For example, the EDA has not played a major role to date. They may quickly become a major player in both the rebuilding of the Gulf States as well as a possible partner in addressing the lack of refining capacity that was exploited as a result of recent hurricanes."

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2005-11-02
• Hurricanes Katrina and Rita: Outstanding Need, Slow Progress: Hearing Before the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Tenth Congress, First Session, January 29, 2007

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  Mary Landrieu: "We lost--1,836 people died in the rising tides and the water. We have had thousands, Mr. Chairman and Senator Obama, die from broken hearts since. We have had 90,000 square miles flooded, which is larger than the size of Great Britain; 650,000 people displaced; 275,000 homes destroyed, more than 200,000 of which were in Louisiana; and thousands of renters who did not own homes but had some modest shelter that also lost their rental units. We had over a quarter of a million jobs lost, 875 schools ruined in Louisiana alone, 20,000 businesses destroyed, billions and billions of dollars of property damage, 22 levee breaks that put 20 feet of water in a city in an urban area that sat sometimes in two hurricanes, so we were flooded not once, but twice. For 6 to 8 weeks, the water stood in many places. Two million people lost power. We still have people without power, without lights, and without clean water; thousands of people still living in trailers with no permanent placement and resettlement options; 16 National Wildlife Refuges closed; 1.3 million acres of forest destroyed, and etc. We had $4 billion donated by the public, private individuals--we are grateful for every check that was sent of any amount; $600 million by corporations; we are grateful for every corporation that stood up to help us. And over 70 countries have pledged aid. To this unprecedented international enterprise and endeavor, we are grateful. But today we want to focus on how better FEMA can work with HUD, how better the Small Business Administration can step up, identifying what has not worked and making those changes." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Donald E. Powell, Steven C. Preston, Pamela H. Patenaude, Gil H. Jamieson, Gregory D. Kutz, C. Ray Nagin, Walter J. Leger, Suzanne T. Mestayer, Melvin I. Holden, Mary Landrieu, and Charmaine Caccioppi.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2007
• Earthquake Preparedness: What the United States Can Learn from the 2010 Chilean and Haitian Earthquakes, Hearing Before the Ad Hoc Subcommittee on State, Local, and Private Sector Preparedness and Integration of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, September 30, 2010

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  This is from the September 30, 2010 hearing, "Earthquake Preparedness: What the United States can Learn from the 2010 Chilean and Haitian Earthquakes," before the U.S. Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, Ad Hoc Subcommittee on State, Local, and Private Sector Preparedness and Integration. From the opening statement of Mark L. Pryor: "We have called this diverse group of witnesses because they have taken part in the response to one of two of the most powerful and catastrophic earthquakes in recent memory: the January 12th earthquake in Haiti, and the February 27th earthquake in Chile. [...].Over the past ten years, the United States has seen its share of catastrophes. We watched with horror as the Country was attacked by terrorists on September 11, 2001, we were collectively outraged as we saw the Federal Government fail to provide for its citizens in the wake of Hurricane Katrina, and millions of Americans face the impact of floods, fires, tornadoes, hurricanes, and other natural disasters each year. Each one of these tragedies contains valuable lessons. What is not acceptable-what will never be acceptable-is the failure to learn these lessons and to improve each time we are called upon to provide for Americans during their greatest hour of need. I hope this hearing will lead to a more effective response to a major earthquake if and when the time comes." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Mark L. Pryor, William L. Carwile, Dirk W. Dijkerman, Cristobal Lira, James M. Wilkinson, Ellis M. Stanley, and Reginald DesRoches.

  United States. Government Accountability Office

  2011
• Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Mapping Tool 2003

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  Michael Thomas of the National Guard Bureau gives this presentation on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Mapping Tool at the 2003 National Institute of Justice Annual Technology Conference.

  United States. National Guard Bureau

  Thomas, Michael

  2003-09-23
• Oversight Hearing on the Use of Dispersants in the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Hearing before the U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, Second Session, August 4, 2010

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  This testimony compilation is from the August 4, 2010 hearing, "Oversight Hearing on the Use of Oil Dispersants in the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill," before the U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works. From the opening statement of Committee Chairman Barbara Boxer, "Today we will be examining the issues surrounding the use of chemical dispersants in dealing with the Deepwater spill, which we now know is the largest of its kind in history, totaling an estimated 4.9 million barrels of crude oil - more than 200 million gallons. As of August 3, 2010, the Unified Command reports that BP has used an extraordinary quantity of dispersants in dealing with the Gulf spill -- 1.8 million gallons all together, including 1.1 million gallons applied on the surface and almost 780,000 gallons beneath the surface of the sea. Dispersants work like detergents, breaking up oil into smaller droplets, which may end up suspended in the water column beneath the surface. While this massive application of dispersants was carried out in hopes of protecting the shoreline from oil slicks, it also raises serious questions about short and long term impacts on the environment, and about unintended consequences." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Barbara Boxer, Chairman, U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works; James M. Inhofe, Ranking Member, U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works; John Barrasso, Member, U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works; Paul Anastas, Assistant Administrator, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency; David Westerholm, Director, Office of Response and Restoration, National Oceanic and Atmosphere Administration; Ronald J. Kendall, Director, Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Professor and Chairman, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University; David C. Smith, Professor of Oceanography, Associate Dean, Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island; Edward B. Overton, Professor Emeritus, Louisiana State University Department of Environmental Science; and Jackie Savitz, Pollution Campaign Director, Senior Scientist, Oceana.

  United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works

  2010-08-04
• Focusing on Children and Disasters: Evacuation Planning and Mental Health Recovery, Hearing Before the Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Disaster Recovery of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, First Session, August 4, 2009

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  From the opening statement of Mary L. Landrieu: "The Subcommittee's objective today is to evaluate the very special needs of children during the preparedness, response, and recovery phases of disaster and the extent to which our current planning and programs either meet or fail to meet these special needs. We are focusing on children and their needs for several reasons. First, children in most families are the focal point, and parents who cannot find an available school, a day care center, or access to health care for their children may be forced to relocate after a disaster or, worse in some ways, be forced to stay out of the workforce when they are actually badly needed to help rebuild their communities, starting with their own homes, businesses, and places of worship. [...] The second reason we are focusing on children here today is that children are a vulnerable population with unique needs that require special planning to address, but in my view, they have not received the same level of attention that some other populations, whether it be the adult homeless or the disabled or the elderly generally. A broader goal of this hearing is to encourage the Nation to consider the mental well-being of the community as a key indicator of recovery, every bit as important as the restoration of infrastructure, housing, and the return of the economic tax base." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Mary L. Landrieu, Robert F. Bennett, Craig Fugate, Nicole Lurie, Cynthia A. Bascetta, Mark Shriver, Irwin Redlener, and Teri Fontenot.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2010
• New Way Home: Findings from the Disaster Recovery Subcommittee Special Report and Working with the New Administration on a Way Forward, Hearing Before the Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Disaster Recovery of The Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, First Session, March 18, 2009

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  From the opening statement of Mary Landrieu: "Today, of course, we have come to have our first hearing finalizing a 9-month investigation of the many problems associated with the Federal Government's response to the great housing need created by not just the storms, Hurricanes Rita and Katrina; not just in Louisiana, but Mississippi, to some degree Alabama, and Texas; but also the failed response to the catastrophic flooding that exacerbated an already terrible situation. And this is the report. I want to say that my Ranking Member was not the Ranking Member when this report started, so I want to thank him for his cooperationwith this hearing. He, of course, has reviewed-and his staff- this report and will have his own comments. But I want to begin before my formal remarks by saying this is not an 'I got you' hearing, but this is a hearing to suggest that there are some startling findings that have been a result of this report. And it is to lay the groundwork for a better response for the future, and that is what we remain hopeful for as we move forward."Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Mary Landrieu, Lindsey Graham, Nancy Ward, Nelson R. Brego´n, Karen Paup, Krystal Williams, and Reilly Morse.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2009
• Illicit Fentanyl from China: An Evolving Global Operation

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  From the Key Findings: "[1] 'China remains the primary country of origin for illicit fentanyl and fentanyl-related substances trafficked into the United States:' In 2019, China fulfilled a pledge to the United States and placed all forms of fentanyl and its analogues on a regulatory schedule. Nevertheless, illicit fentanyl from China remains widely available in the United States. Chinese traffickers are using various strategies to circumvent new regulations, including focusing on chemical precursors, relocating some manufacturing to India, rerouting precursor shipments through third countries, and leveraging marketing schemes to avoid detection. [...] [2] 'Since China's government scheduled fentanyl, the amount of finished fentanyl shipped directly from China to the United States has declined, while the amount shipped from Mexico has increased:' The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) assesses Chinese traffickers have shifted from primarily manufacturing finished fentanyl to primarily exporting precursors to Mexican cartels, who manufacture illicit fentanyl and deliver the final product. U.S. law enforcement has seen a growing trend of Chinese nationals, in both Mexico and the United States, working with Mexican cartels. [...] [3] 'Chinese brokers are laundering Mexican drug money through China's financial system:' Chinese money launderers are using financial technology, mobile banking apps, and social media to evade authorities. [4] 'Cooperation between the United States and China remains limited:' U.S. law enforcement agencies have established working groups, conducted high-level meetings, and shared information with their Chinese counterparts, which has led to the dismantling of a few illicit fentanyl networks."

  U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission

  Greenwood, Lauren; Fashola, Kevin

  2021-08-24
• Zika Virus: Addressing the Growing Public Health Threat, Hearing Before the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, United States Senate, One Hundred Fourteenth Congress, Second Session, February 24, 2016

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  This testimony compilation is from the February 24, 2016 hearing, "Zika Virus: Addressing the Growing Public Health Threat," before the U.S. Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions. Anne Schuchat testified before Congress and requested about $1.9 billion in emergency funding for the Zika outbreak, of which $828 million will go to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]. Doctors and other employees at the CDC will use the funds to continue testing Zika and improving Zika monitoring and surveillance in the United States and its territories. Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Anne Schuchat, Anthony Fauci, and Robin Robinson.

  United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

  2016-02-24
• Nuclear Power Plant Infrastructure Evaluations for Removal of Spent Nuclear Fuel: Spent Fuel and Waste Disposition

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  From the Executive Summary: "This report fulfills the M3 milestone M3SF-20PN0203020412, 'Nuclear Power Plant Site Infrastructure Report.' This report is a 2020 update of the 2017 report entitled 'Preliminary Evaluation of Removing Used Nuclear Fuel from Shutdown Sites' (Maheras et al. 2017). The title of this report reflects the intent of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to conduct site evaluations for operating nuclear power plant (NPP) sites as well as shutdown NPP sites (collectively referred to as NPP sites). [...] This report provides evaluations of the NPP site infrastructure and near-site transportation infrastructure for removing spent nuclear fuel (SNF) from 16 NPP sites that have been evaluated as of the date of this report. The material to be removed from these NPP sites includes both the SNF and the greater-than-Class C low-level radioactive waste (GTCC waste) that is stored, or will be stored, at the sites. The evaluation for each of the 16 NPP sites evaluated is divided into four components: [1] characterization of the SNF and GTCC waste inventory; [2] a description of the on-site infrastructure and conditions relevant to transportation activities; [3] an evaluation of the near-site transportation infrastructure and experience relevant to shipping transportation casks containing SNF and GTCC waste from the NPP sites; [and 4] identification of future information needs."

  Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (U.S.)

  Maheras, Steven J.; Rodman, Lauren S.; Best, Ralph E. . . .

  2021-04-30
• Liberty and Security in a Changing World: Report and Recommendations of The President's Review Group on Intelligence and Communications Technologies

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  This report, published on December 12, 2013, illustrates how to "protect our national security" while "maintaining the public trust" as well as our allies who are abroad. This list of forty-six recommendations has a goal to "establish broad understandings and principles," which will be helpful in the not-so-distant future.

  United States. White House Office

  Clarke, Richard A.; Morell, Michael J.; Stone, Geoffrey R. . . .

  2013-12-12
• Stemming the Tide: The U.S. Response to Tsunami Generated Marine Debris, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Oceans, Atmosphere, Fisheries, and Coast Guard of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, Second Session, May 17, 2012

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  This is the May 17, 2012 hearing, "Stemming the Tide: The U.S. Response to Tsunami Generated Marine Debris," before the U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, Subcommittee on Oceans, Atmosphere, Fisheries, and Coast Guard. From the opening statement of Mark Begich: "The earthquake and tsunami which struck northern Japan just over a year ago was an unprecedented human tragedy. In minutes, it claimed thousands of lives, destroyed complete communities, and touched off the failure of nuclear power plants. The tsunami also left a legacy which our West Coast states, thousands of miles from the epicenter, are dealing with now and will deal with for many years to come. Marine debris is nothing new. Flotsam and jetsam has existed for centuries, made worse by the proliferation of plastics which do not degrade. To some, like beachcombers who find occasional messages in the bottle, it is a delight, but to others it is an eyesore or worse. Many now recognize marine debris as a threat to fish, marine mammals and seabirds, through death by entanglement and ingestion. The tsunami unleashed debris on an unprecedented scale. Some 5 million tons were swept out to sea. While most quickly sank, NOAA [National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration] estimates 1.5 million tons of tsunami-generated debris is still afloat and being driven by winds and currents toward the West Coast of North America. That is 3 billion pounds of mostly plastic trash which will flood into our inter-tidal ecosystems and it is already here." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Olympia Snowe, Maria Cantwell, Robert E. Andrew, John D. (Jay) Rockefeller, Mark Begich, David M. Kennedy, Daniel K. Inouye, Amy Klobuchar, and Cari B. Thomas.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2013
• Iraq Casualties: U.S. Military Forces and Iraqi Civilians, Police, and Security Forces [December 6, 2011]

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  "This report presents U.S. military casualties in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation New Dawn (OND) as well as governmental and nongovernmental estimates of Iraqi civilian, police, and security forces casualties. For several years, there were few estimates from any national or international government source regarding Iraqi civilian, police, and security forces casualties. Now, however, United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) is reporting civilian casualty estimates. In addition, several Iraqi ministries have released monthly or total casualty statistics. Nongovernmental sources also have released various estimates of Iraqi civilian, police, and security forces casualties. This report includes estimates from Iraq Body Count (IBC), the Iraq Coalition Casualty Count (ICCC), Iraq Family Health Survey (IFHS), the most recent study published in the Lancet, the Brookings Institution, and the British survey firm, Opinion Research Business (ORB). Because the estimates of Iraqi casualties contained in this report are based on varying time periods and have been created using differing methodologies, readers should exercise caution when using them and should look to them as guideposts rather than as statements of fact. This report will be updated as needed."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Fischer, Hannah

  2011-12-06
• Iraqi Civilian Deaths Estimates [Updated September 5, 2007]

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  From the Summary: "This report presents various governmental and nongovernmental estimates of Iraqi civilian fatalities. The Department of Defense (DOD) regularly updates total U.S. military death and wounded statistics from Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), as reflected in CRS [Congressional Research Service] Report RS21578, 'Iraq: Summary of U.S. Casualties'. However, no Iraqi or U.S. government office regularly releases statistics on Iraqi civilian deaths. Statistics on Iraqi civilian deaths are sometimes available through alternative sources, such as nonprofit organizations, or through statements made by officials to the press. Since the start of the U.S.-led 'troop surge,' or Operation 'Fardh al-Qanoon' (FAQ), on February 14, 2007, a number of sources have released estimates of monthly, rather than annual or total, Iraqi civilian deaths. This report has therefore been split into two sections: estimates of total or annual Iraqi deaths and estimates of post-Operation FAQ Iraqi civilian deaths. Because these estimates are based on varying time periods and have been created using differing methodologies, readers should exercise caution when using these statistics and should look on them as guideposts rather than as statements of fact. See also CRS Report RS22532, 'Iraqi Police and Security Forces Casualty Estimates'. This report will be updated as needed."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Fischer, Hannah

  2007-09-05
• Iraqi Civilian Deaths Estimates [Updated January 25, 2007]

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  From the Summary: "This report presents various governmental and nongovernmental estimates of Iraqi civilian fatalities. The Department of Defense (DOD) regularly updates total U.S. military death and wounded statistics from Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), as reflected in CRS [Congressional Research Service ] Report RS21578, 'Iraq: Summary of U.S. Casualties'. However, no Iraqi or U.S. government office regularly releases statistics on Iraqi civilian deaths. Statistics on these topics are sometimes available through alternative sources, such as nonprofit organizations, or through statements made by officials to the press. No authoritative source has released either an estimate of Iraqi civilians who have been wounded or an estimate of total Iraqi casualties (dead and wounded). Because these estimates are based on varying time periods and have been created using differing methodologies, readers should exercise caution when using these statistics and should look on them as guideposts rather than as statements of historical fact. See also CRS Report RS22532, 'Iraqi Police and Security Forces Casualty Estimates'. This report will be updated as needed."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Fischer, Hannah

  2007-01-25
• Iraqi Civilian Deaths Estimates [Updated April 9, 2007]

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  From the Summary: "This report presents various governmental and nongovernmental estimates of Iraqi civilian fatalities. The Department of Defense (DOD) regularly updates total U.S. military death and wounded statistics from Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), as reflected in CRS [Congressional Research Service] Report RS21578, 'Iraq: Summary of U.S. Casualties'. However, no Iraqi or U.S. government office regularly releases statistics on Iraqi civilian deaths. Statistics on these topics are sometimes available through alternative sources, such as nonprofit organizations, or through statements made by officials to the press. No authoritative source has released either an estimate of Iraqi civilians who have been wounded or an estimate of total Iraqi casualties (dead and wounded). Because these estimates are based on varying time periods and have been created using differing methodologies, readers should exercise caution when using these statistics and should look on them as guideposts rather than as statements of historical fact. See also CRS Report RS22532, 'Iraqi Police and Security Forces Casualty Estimates'. This report will be updated as needed."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Fischer, Hannah

  2007-04-09
• U.S. Military Casualty Statistics: Operation New Dawn, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation Enduring Freedom [June 12, 2012]

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  "This report presents statistics regarding U.S. military casualties in Operation New Dawn (OND, Iraq), Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF, Iraq), and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF, Afghanistan), including those concerning post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), amputations, evacuations, and the demographics of casualties. Some of these statistics are publicly available at the Department of Defense's (DOD's) website, while others have been obtained through contact with experts at DOD. Daily updates of total U.S. military casualties in OND, OIF, and OEF can be found at the DOD's website, at http://www.defense.gov/news/casualty.pdf. In addition, CRS [Congressional Research Service] Report R40824, 'Iraq Casualties: U.S. Military Forces and Iraqi Civilians, Police, and Security Forces', contains statistics on U.S. military and Iraqi civilian casualties, while CRS Report R41084, 'Afghanistan Casualties: Military Forces and Civilians', contains statistics on U.S. military and Afghan civilian casualties. Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation New Dawn have ended. However, updates to the casualty statistics continue for both operations. This report will be updated as needed."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Fischer, Hannah

  2012-06-12
• Iraqi Civilian Casualties Estimates [Updated March 13, 2008]

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  From the Summary: "This report presents various governmental and nongovernmental estimates of Iraqi civilian dead and wounded. The Department of Defense (DOD) regularly updates total U.S. military death and wounded statistics from Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), as reflected in CRS [Congressional Research Service] Report RS21578, 'Iraq: Summary of U.S. Casualties'. However, no Iraqi or U.S. government office regularly releases publicly available statistics on Iraqi civilian deaths or civilians who have been wounded. Statistics on Iraqi civilian dead and wounded are sometimes available through alternative sources, such as nonprofit organizations, or through statements made by officials to the press. Because these estimates are based on varying time periods and have been created using differing methodologies, readers should exercise caution when using these statistics and should look on them as guideposts rather than as statements of fact. See also CRS Report RS22532, 'Iraqi Police and Security Forces Deaths Estimates'. This report will be updated as needed."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Fischer, Hannah

  2008-03-13
• Iraq: Map Sources [Updated November 20, 2007]

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  From the Summary: "This report identifies online sources for maps of Iraq, including government, library, and organizational websites. These sources have been selected on the basis of their authoritativeness and the range, quality, and uniqueness of the maps they provide. Some sources provide up-to-the-minute maps; others have been selected for their collection of historical maps. Maps of the Iraq, the Middle East, the state of Al Qaeda in Iraq, and the movement of refugees in Iraq are provided. This report will be updated as needed."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Fischer, Hannah; Walker Klarman, Kim

  2007-11-20