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Nicaragua in Brief: Political Developments in 2021, U.S. Policy, and Issues for Congress [July 30, 2021]
From the Overview: "Increasing government crackdowns in Nicaragua against the opposition, journalists, and government critics in 2021 have elevated international concerns, including among Members of Congress, about political developments and the human rights situation in the country. President Daniel Ortega, who was inaugurated to his third consecutive and fourth overall five-year term as president on January 10, 2017, is a polarizing figure both at home and abroad for what many characterize as his increasingly authoritarian rule and recent oppressive actions. General elections, including for the presidency and the National Assembly, are scheduled to be held on November 7, 2021; Ortega appears unlikely to carry out electoral and human rights reforms recommended by the international community before that time. In the absence of such reforms, elections are likely to assure his party's continuance in power and lead the domestic opposition and international community to contest their legitimacy."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Taft-Morales, Maureen
2021-07-30
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First Responder's Toolbox: Animal Cruelty: A Possible Warning Behavior for Terrorism and Other Premeditated Violence Against Humans Which Needs Reporting and Further Vetting
From the Document: "Clinical and forensic data on mass murder incidents, including terrorist attacks, reveals the vast majority are premeditated rather than impulsive. Premeditated murders often display observable warning behaviors. Although warning behaviors cannot predict targeted violence, they are useful in identifying an accelerated and increased risk of violence that should elevate authorities' concern. Animal cruelty , particularly when premeditated in nature, is one example of a novel aggression warning behavior. Through this behavior, an individual tests his or her ability to actually engage in a violent act and can be thought of as experimental aggression. Numerous studies indicate that animal cruelty is often linked to a variety of other crimes, particularly violent offences toward humans. In 2017, there were two instances in the Homeland of ISIS [Islamic State of Iraq and Syria] supporters who abused animals for various reasons prior to their arrest, and who were plotting to conduct a terrorist attack."
National Counterterrorism Center (U.S.)
Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team
2018-07-18
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First Responder's Toolbox: Recognizing Arson with a Nexus to Terrorism
From the Scope: "This product brings awareness of continued terrorist interest in using arson as an attack tactic to further their cause."
National Counterterrorism Center (U.S.)
Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team
2017-04-14
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First Responder's Toolbox: Complex Operating Environment-Airports
From the Document: "Terrorists remain interested in attacking aviation targets due to their symbolic value, garnered media attention, accessibility, and the presence of large crowds. An airport's publically [sic] accessible area represents an attractive target, and US airport attacks have involved the use of knives, guns, and explosive devices. These and more diverse weapons, including complex attack scenarios, remain a concern. As a result, this product is intended to provide awareness and security considerations for airport stakeholders, including first responders, public safety personnel, airport owners, airport operators, and security personnel, especially since airports throughout the US differ in size, physical layout, and organizational structure, creating a complex scenario during an incident response. This product is a follow-up to First Responder's Toolbox, Terrorist Threats to Airports, 21 March 2017."
National Counterterrorism Center (U.S.)
Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team
2018-04-10
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First Responder's Toolbox: First Person Narrative on Circumstances of Discovery
This document serves as a "Suspicious Package Reponse Card," including a space for important telephone numbers. It also includes a "Bomb-Threat Stand-Off Card" with a graphic for suggested evacuation distances for 5lbs of explosives.
National Counterterrorism Center (U.S.)
Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team
2018-11-15
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Health Disparities by Race and Ethnicity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Current Evidence and Policy Approaches
From the Introduction: "In order to contain the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic, it is crucial to address health equity for all racial and ethnic groups in terms of supporting timely access to and utilization of testing, treatment, and vaccination. This Issue Brief highlights evidence on what is currently known about COVID-19 disparities by race and ethnicity and outlines potential policy solutions to address COVID-19's disproportionate impact on certain racial and ethnic populations. The Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) has been following these trends during the pandemic, and this report provides an updated evidence review in several areas - testing, infection rates, hospitalization and death rates, and vaccination - and concludes with a summary of potential policy solutions."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
Simmons, Adelle; Chappel, Andre; Kolbe, Allison . . .
2021-03-16
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Preparedness Grants and FEMA Integration Team Effectiveness Case Study: Connecticut
From the Overview: "In July 2020, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) conducted a preparedness grants and FEMA Integration Team (FIT) effectiveness virtual case study with the State of Connecticut. The purpose of the study was to understand the role of FEMA preparedness grants and FITs in the state's coronavirus [disease 2019] (COVID-19) pandemic response. FEMA also drew from information that state officials in Connecticut provided through the Biannual Strategic Implementation Report (BSIR) and the Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA)/Stakeholder Preparedness Review (SPR). FEMA examined how Connecticut has used grant funds to support pandemic-specific core capabilities during its response. This case study identified three Homeland Security Grant Program (HSGP)-funded projects that have impacted the state's public health capabilities response. These HSGP-funded investment projects were the New England Disaster Training Center (NEDTC), the Connecticut Department of Public Health (DPH) Ottilie W. Lundgren Mobile Field Hospital, and the Capitol Region Metropolitan Medical Response System (CR-MMRS). This case study found that investments in equipment upgrades and training using Emergency Management Performance Grant (EMPG) funds have played a significant role in supporting Connecticut's staffing, technological resource acquisition, and communication capabilities in response to the COVID-19 pandemic."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2021-03-05
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First Responder's Toolbox: Personal Security of First Responders in the Digital Age
From the Scope: "This product serves to increase situational awareness among first responders on practicing digital OPSEC [operational security] to increase personal safety."
National Counterterrorism Center (U.S.)
Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team
2021-03-31
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El Salvador: Authoritarian Actions and U.S. Response [Updated August 3, 2021]
From the Document: "On May 1-2, 2021, the newly seated National Assembly of El Salvador, now dominated by President Nayib Bukele's New Ideas party, dismissed [hyperlink] the five magistrates on the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court and the attorney general and replaced them with allies of the president. The dismissals, enforced by the police, reportedly occurred in retaliation for the attorney general's investigations of corruption [hyperlink] in Bukele's Cabinet and court rulings that Bukele violated the constitution [hyperlink] in ruling by decree during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Since May 2021, government harassment of civil society, independent media, and the opposition has increased, prompting U.S. concern. Biden Administration officials and some Members of Congress have expressed concerns about democracy in El Salvador, which is located in the 'Northern Triangle' [hyperlink] region of Central America. On May 2, Secretary of State Antony Blinken called [hyperlink] President Bukele to express concern about the dismissals and democratic backsliding. High-level visits, including that of U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Administrator Samantha Power [hyperlink]; the reprogramming [hyperlink] of U.S. foreign aid from supporting government agencies to supporting civil society; and two State Department reports to Congress identifying Bukele officials as corrupt have reiterated U.S. concerns. On May 19, the House Foreign Affairs Committee reported H.Res. 408, urging the Salvadoran government to respect the country's democratic institutions."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Seelke, Clare Ribando
2021-08-03
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EMR-ISAC: InfoGram, Volume 21 Issue 32, August 12, 2021
The Emergency Management and Response Information Sharing and Analysis Center's (EMR-ISAC) InfoGram is a weekly publication of information concerning the protection of critical infrastructures relevant to members of the Emergency Services Sector. This issue includes the following articles: "Webinar series from UL [Underwriters Laboratories] shares science relevant to lithium-ion battery safety for responders"; "NVFC [National Volunteer Fire Council] and PHMSA [Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration] offer pipeline response, planning, and preparedness toolkit for fire departments"; "Resources for ensuring inclusion of people with disabilities in emergency response plans" ; "FAA [Federal Aviation Administration] hosts virtual UAS [Unmanned Aircraft Systems] Symposium Sept. 14-15, invites public safety partners to learn and discuss latest regulations on drones"; "CISA [Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency] launches new Joint Cyber Defense Collaborative"; "CISA releases new cyber training guide"; "Microsoft: Zero Trust security just hit the mainstream"; "NCCoE [National Cybersecurity Center of Excellence] names 18 firms for zero trust collaboration project"; and "Indiana hospital reroutes ambulances during ransomware attack."
Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.)
2021-08-12
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2017 - The District of Columbia (DC): Closing Capability Gaps
From the Summary: "Following the September 2013 Navy Yard shooting, the District of Columbia (DC) recognized the need to enhance their response to mass fatality incidents. As part of this effort, the District invested Urban Area Security Initiative (UASI) funding to implement five mass fatality services projects."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2018-01-08
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Florida Case Study - WebEOC
From the Summary: "The Florida Department of Emergency Management (FDEM) used preparedness grant funds (EMPG) to expand its WebEOC crisis management system, a shared statewide communication software platform that can implement standard emergency management processes to maintain a common operating picture during large-scale events. Counties and local jurisdictions in Florida used various funding methods to fund WebEOC (SHSP [State Homeland Security Program], UASI [Urban Area Security Initiative], EMPG [Emergency Management Performance Grant], EMPA [Florida Emergency Management and Preparedness Assistance] and state and local funds). FDEM tested WebEOC integration during the 2018 hurricane exercise (HURREX), which was based on a Hurricane Irma-type scenario. Exercise participants used WebEOC to create and update missions, train new employees, and test the execution of emergency operations procedures consistent with the hurricane scenario."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2021-02-11
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Colorado - Terrorism Liaison Officer and the Community Awareness Programs
From the Summary: "The Colorado Information Analysis Center (CIAC) is the state's fusion center, which serves as the analytic hub for all-hazards disasters. In addition to collecting, analyzing, and distributing all-hazards information to stakeholders throughout the county, the CIAC develops innovative programs to enhance statewide antiterrorism initiatives. Through the Terrorism Liaison Officer (TLO) program and Community Awareness Program (CAP), the CIAC trains local law enforcement officers, private sector partners, and the general public to recognize and report terrorism-related information."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2014-10-07
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California Common Operating Picture for Threat Awareness
From the Document: "Developed through the Statewide Risk Management Program in collaboration with the California Governor's Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) and eight California Urban Areas Security Initiative (UASI) regions, the California Common Operating Picture (Cal COP) for Threat Awareness addresses the statewide need for storing and sharing critical infrastructure information and enhances situational threat awareness. Cal COP is a cloud-based data sharing tool that integrates geospatial data, critical infrastructure assessments, and real-time threat information for law enforcement, first responders, emergency managers, and public health agencies. Members of California's public safety community have successfully used Cal COP to coordinate and manage security risks for several large-scale public events."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2016-05-16
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Florida Case Study - All-Hazard Incident Management Teams
From the Summary: "All-Hazard Incident Management Teams (AHIMT) provide situational awareness and support to the SERTs [State Emergency Response Teams] and the State Coordinating Officer (SCO). FDEM [Florida Division of Emergency Management] deployed all six AHIMTs at least once in response to Hurricane Irma. Before Hurricane Irma, Florida used grant funds in 2015 to develop the All-Hazards Incident Management Qualification Program, which helps to ensure both the efficient allocation of resources and that emergency responders are supported effectively during an incident."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2021-02-11
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County of San Diego Cyber Disruption Response Team
From the Summary: "In 2013, the County of San Diego Office of Emergency Services (San Diego OES) convened cybersecurity, law enforcement, and emergency management subject matter experts to establish a regional Cyber Disruption Response Team (CDRT). The CDRT is responsible for managing the region's response to cyber disruptions as defined in San Diego OES's cyber disruption response plans. In a 2015 full-scale cybersecurity exercise, the CDRT successfully responded to a cyber disruption that affected regional power infrastructure."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2016-05-16
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Florida Case Study - Heat Shield
From the Summary: "The Operation Heat Shield Full-Scale exercises were conducted in response to the threat of complex, coordinated terrorist attacks at unique venues such as stadiums and airports."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2021-02-11
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Colorado - Regional Explosives Unit Protects Police Officers
From the Summary: "The South Central Regional Explosives Unit responds to hundreds of explosive related calls in 33 Colorado counties each year. The Unit has responded to calls for service involving drug facilities, and suspicious packages."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2014-10-07
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2017 - Maine: Closing Capability Gaps
From the Summary: "In 2014, the police department in Brewer, Maine used State Homeland Security Program (SHSP) funds to establish the Multi-Assault Counter Terrorism Action Capabilities (MACTAC) training program to enhance regional response to complex coordinated terrorist attacks and active shooter events. To date, more than 45 officers have participated in the program, which includes a virtual training simulator. Said a representative from Brewer, 'MACTAC's primary value, to me, lies in the coordination of multiple teams (and even agencies) to respond to threats, specifically coordinated attacks. It taught us command and control lessons we had previously not been exposed to.'"
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2018-01-08
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Ohio: Closing Capability Gaps
From the Summary: "Based on lessons learned from the Boston Marathon Bombing in 2013, Cuyahoga County invested State Homeland Security Program (SHSP) funding to create over 100 deployable mass casualty supply kits. Cuyahoga County deployed these kits in support of the 2016 Republican National Convention (RNC) in Cleveland, Ohio."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2018-01-08
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Navy LPD-17 Flight II and LHA Amphibious Ship Programs: Background and Issues for Congress [Updated August 2, 2021]
From the Introduction: "This report provides background information and issues for Congress on two types of amphibious ships being procured for the Navy: LPD-17 [landing platform dock-17] Flight II class amphibious ships and LHA [landing helicopter assault]-type amphibious assault ships. Both types are built by Huntington Ingalls Industries/Ingalls Shipbuilding (HII/Ingalls) of Pascagoula, MS. The Navy's LPD-17 Flight II and LHA shipbuilding programs pose multiple oversight issues for Congress. Congress's decisions on the LPD-17 Flight II and LHA programs could affect Navy capabilities and funding requirements and the shipbuilding industrial base. They could also have implications for the preservation and use of Congress's power of the purse under Article 1 of the Constitution, and for maintaining Congress as a coequal branch of government relative to the executive branch."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald
2021-08-02
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Final Report of the Commission on Wartime Contracting in Iraq and Afghanistan, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Readiness and Management Support of the Committee on Armed Services, United States Senate, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, First Session, October 19, 2011
From the opening statement of Claire McCaskill: "The subcommittee today meets to consider the final report of the CWC [Commission on War Contracting] in Iraq and Afghanistan. The commission was established pursuant to section 841 of the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year 2008, a provision which originated as a Webb-McCaskill amendment that was offered and passed on the Senate floor. More than 4 years ago, when Senator Webb and I began to advocate for the creation of this commission, I was inspired by my State's own Harry Truman, who, as a Senator, headed a committee that investigated and uncovered millions of dollars of war profiteering, fraud, and wasteful spending in World War II. Senator Webb and I agreed that what we needed was a new investigatory body to honor the Truman committee, to protect our tax dollars, and bring better accountability to the way we do business while at war." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Brooks L. Bash, Frank Kendall, Dov S. Zakheim, and Claire McCaskill.
United States. Government Printing Office
2012
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First Responder's Toolbox: Planning and Preparedness Can Promote an Effective Response to a Terrorist Attack at Open-Access Events
From the Scope: "This product is intended to assist public safety personnel, security personnel, and other event stakeholders in understanding and implementing protective measures to protect crowds at open-access events, especially those that may have limited security support. This information is a starting point to encourage stakeholders to collaborate and seek further advice, resources, and authorities. This product is meant to be scalable to accommodate a variety of locations and venue sizes."
National Counterterrorism Center (U.S.)
Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team
2018-03-30
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First Responder's Toolbox: Complex Operating Environment - Food and Agriculture
From the Document: "Food and agriculture infrastructure is a $1 trillion industry, almost entirely under private ownership and comprises an estimated 2.1 million farms, 935,000 restaurants, and more than 200,000 registered food manufacturing, processing, and storage facilities. Intentional contamination of the food supply could have significant public health and economic consequences depending on the commodity, the agent used, and where in the supply chain the contaminant was added. This product provides first responders and private-sector stakeholders an awareness of the complex operating environment that may result from intentional contamination of the food supply and identifies key collaborative partners and indicators to minimize the risk of an intentional attack on the food supply."
National Counterterrorism Center (U.S.)
Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team
2017-03-07
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First Responder's Toolbox: Complex Operating Environment - Healthcare Facilities
From the Document: "The US has more than 5,600 registered healthcare facilities, the majority of which are privately owned and operated. Each varies greatly in size, location, layout, patient demographic, and resource allocation. These facilities provide patient services to millions of people each year and play a significant role at the local, state, or regional levels when responding to hazards ranging from man-made incidents, such as terrorism, to natural disasters or infectious disease outbreaks. This product provides first responders, public health officials, medical professionals, healthcare staff, and other health and medical industry partners planning and operational response considerations in advance of a potential attack at a healthcare facility."
National Counterterrorism Center (U.S.)
Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team
2018-04-16
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First Responder's Toolbox: Terrorism Prevention--A Form of Violence Reduction
From the Document: "Terrorism Prevention, previously known as Countering Violent Extremism (CVE), is a multi-agency, multidisciplinary, proactive approach against the many forms of terrorist ideology. Terrorism Prevention works to protect our nation from terrorist threats, and remains our highest priority. It utilizes prevention, intervention, and disengagement efforts. The principles and strategies used in Terrorism Prevention are similar to those applied to community policing, counter-drug, and counter-gang initiatives. Where possible, Terrorism Prevention should be incorporated into existing programs related to public safety, public health, resilience, inclusion, and violence prevention."
National Counterterrorism Center (U.S.)
Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team
2017-10-30
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First Responder's Toolbox: Special Events Working Aid
From the Document: "The security footprint for a special event extends past the perimeters of event venues and could have cascading effects on surrounding areas and critical infrastructure. It is important that law enforcement, fire, emergency medical services (EMS), and private sector partners plan, train, and work together whenever possible to ensure preparedness and effective response. By taking into consideration a wide variety of potential terrorist tactics, techniques, and procedures and then planning, coordinating, and exercising against them, stakeholders will be better able to prevent, respond to, and mitigate the effects of terrorist attacks."
National Counterterrorism Center (U.S.)
Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team
2016-06-10
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First Responder's Toolbox: International Partnerships Among Public Health, Private Sector, and Law Enforcement Necessary to Mitigate ISIS's Organ Harvesting for Terrorist Funding
From the Scope: "This product is intended to promote awareness and coordination among intergovernmental authorities, the private sector, and the international community, to include law enforcement, immigration, customs, health organizations, legal entities, nongovernmental organizations, human services, public health, and private sector by providing indicators to combat organ harvesting and trafficking."
National Counterterrorism Center (U.S.)
Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team
2017-05-11
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First Responder's Toolbox: Hospitality Industry: Enhanced Suspicious Activity Awareness Assists in Terrorism Prevention
From the Scope: "This product is intended to promote awareness in the hospitality industry to enhance security and safety against terrorist activities. Hospitality industry security starts with complete comprehensive background screening during the hiring process, and includes suspicious activity awareness training, evaluation of policies and processes, and incorporates the latest technology."
National Counterterrorism Center (U.S.)
Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team
2017-11-27
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First Responder's Toolbox: Taxi Cab and Ride-Sharing Service Partnerships - Potential Public Safety Force Multiplier
From the Document: "With hundreds of thousands of taxi and ride-sharing-service drivers working 24/7 across the US, a security- and first-aid-conscious driver can act as a public safety force multiplier. Their familiarity with their communities and interaction with the general public puts them in a position to identify activities and behaviors potentially related to terrorism, to potentially assist victims of a terrorist attack, and provide authorities information that may aid post-attack investigations."
National Counterterrorism Center (U.S.)
Joint Counterterrorism Assessment Team
2018-03-09
