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Trump Administration Tariff Actions: Frequently Asked Questions [February 22, 2019]
From the Document, "The Constitution grants Congress the sole authority over the regulation of foreign commerce. Over the past several decades, Congress has authorized the President to adjust tariffs and other trade restrictions in certain circumstances through specific trade laws. Using these delegated authorities under three trade laws, President Trump has imposed increased tariffs, largely in the range of 10% - 25%, on a variety of U.S. imports to address concerns related to national security, injury to competing industries, and China's trade practices on forced technology transfer and intellectual property rights, among other issues. Several U.S. trade partners argue that these tariff actions violate existing U.S. commitments under multilateral and bilateral or regional trade agreements and have imposed tariffs on U.S. exports in retaliation. Congress continues to actively examine and debate these tariffs, and several bills have been introduced either to expand, limit, or revise existing authorities."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Williams, Brock R.; Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Fefer, Rachel F. . . .
2019-02-22
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U.S.-Japan Trade Agreement Negotiations [Updated April 26, 2019]
From the Overview: "In April 2019, the United States and Japan held their first round of negotiations toward a new bilateral trade agreement. The Trump Administration is pursuing the talks with Japan under U.S. Trade Promotion Authority (TPA) procedures, potentially allowing for expedited legislative consideration of a concluded agreement. As the fourth-largest U.S. trade partner, Japan is a long-standing U.S. priority for trade negotiations, in particular following the 2017 U.S. withdrawal from the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), which included Japan. The two parties continue to negotiate on the precise scope of the talks, but both sides appear to prioritize quick results over a more comprehensive negotiation. Key issues are likely to include trade commitments on motor vehicles, agricultural goods, and services, as well as areas where the two nations have largely similar goals, such as digital trade. Currency commitments are a priority among some U.S. stakeholders, but Japan opposes including them in the trade talks."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Williams, Brock R.
2019-04-26
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U.S.-Japan Trade Agreement Negotiations [February 28, 2019]
From the Document, "Under Trade Promotion Authority (TPA) procedures, on October 16, 2018, the Trump Administration gave Congress its official 90-day advance notification of intent to enter into trade agreement negotiations with Japan. As the fourth largest U.S. trade partner, Japan is a longstanding U.S. priority for trade negotiations, in particular following U.S. withdrawal from the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) in 2017, which included Japan. With initial TPA requirements met, official negotiations could start at any time. The precise scope of the negotiations remains somewhat uncertain but areas of focus likely include trade commitments on motor vehicles, agricultural goods, services, and potentially policies affecting exchange rates."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Williams, Brock R.
2019-02-28
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Deadlines, Programs, and Regulations Mandated by FIRRMA [Updated May 2, 2019]
From the Document: "On August 13, 2018, President Trump signed the Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act of 2018 (FIRRMA) (Subtitle A, Title XVII, P.L. 115-232). Various provisions became effective upon implementation, while interim rules for some provisions became effective on October 11, 2018. Among other items, FIRRMA required the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) to meet certain deadlines in programs and reporting and develop new regulations. In addition, in October 2018, the Department of the Treasury published in the Federal Register preliminary rules implementing certain provisions of FIRRMA through a pilot program, which took effect on November 10. FIRRMA's implementation may raise several questions for the 116th Congress, such as the extent to which modernization of CFIUS and its review of foreign direct investment transactions for their national security implications will safeguard U.S. national security interests, particularly those related to strategic competition for leading edge technology."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Jackson, James K., 1949-
2019-05-02
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Deadlines, Programs, and Regulations Mandated by FIRRMA [March 14, 2019]
From the Document: "On August 13, 2018, President Trump signed the Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act of 2018 (FIRRMA) (Subtitle A, Title XVII, P.L. 115-232). Various provisions became effective upon implementation, while interim rules for some provisions became effective on October 11, 2018. Among other items, FIRRMA required the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) to meet certain deadlines in programs and reporting and develop new regulations. In addition, in October 2018, the Treasury Department published in the Federal Register preliminary rules implementing certain provisions of FIRRMA through a pilot program, which took effect on November 10. FIRRMA's implementation may raise several questions for the 116th Congress, such as the extent to which modernization of CFIUS and its review of foreign direct investment transactions for their national security implications will safeguard U.S. national security interests, particularly those related to strategic competition for leading edge technology."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Jackson, James K., 1949-; Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.
2019-03-14
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CFIUS Reform: Foreign Investment National Security Reviews [Updated May 2, 2019]
From the Overview: "Some Members of Congress, the Trump Administration, and some U.S. businesses have raised concerns over the risks to continued U.S. technological leadership to support national defense and economic security due to growing foreign direct investment (FDI), primarily by Chinese firms, in U.S. high-tech companies. On August 13, 2018, President Trump signed into law new rules governing foreign investment national security reviews. Known as the 'Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act (FIRRMA) of 2018' (Title XVII, P.L. 115-232), the legislation amends the current process for the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) (under P.L. 110-49) to review, on behalf of the President, the national security implications of FDI in the United States."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Jackson, James K., 1949-
2019-05-02
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Reducing the Use of Force: De-escalation Training for Police Officers
From the thesis abstract: "The use of force by police officers has captured the attention of society. Allegations of inappropriate or misapplied force happen with regularity. This thesis conducted a survey of the members of the International Association of Directors of Law Enforcement Standards and Training to determine the number of training hours dedicated to firearms and force versus de-escalation topics. It analyzes the results through the framework of the Recognition-Primed Decision model, which asserts that in rapidly evolving, time-limited incidents, individuals make decisions based on prior experiences. This thesis hypothesizes that officers are primed to use force rather than de-escalation options due to an overemphasis on force during training sessions. The survey results showed an 8.9 to 1 ratio of training hours on force versus de-escalation. It recommends that police trainers strive to achieve parity in training hours dedicated to force and de-escalation topics. It also recommends that scenario-based training be emphasized to provide experiences to draw upon, and that the scenarios mirror real-world probabilities. Positioning Theory, Crisis Intervention Team principles, and de-escalation strategies of other countries are also examined for methods that could be implemented to reduce the occurrences of inappropriate use of force by police officers."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.); Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Dayley, Eric H.
2016-09
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Sovereign Citizen Movement: The Shifting Ideological Winds
From the thesis abstract: "The FBI [Federal Bureau of Investigation] has identified the Sovereign Citizen Movement (SCM) as a significant threat to the domestic security of the United States. The movement's adherents are capable of significant acts of violence and creating civil unrest. They also embrace harassing tactics such as filing lawsuits, false liens, and restraining orders as a method to harass government and financial institutions. This is known as paper terrorism. The modern SCM has its roots in the Posse Comitatus movement and in racialist philosophies such as the Christian Identity Movement. It was primarily a movement embraced by right-wing Caucasians. Over time, the SCM has morphed from a primarily racialist platform to a more inclusive anti-government platform. The current SCM model is decentralized and largely leaderless, and its narrative is often driven by circumstances. Using social identity theory as a framework, what conclusions can be drawn regarding this change, and how can the government prepare for the emerging ideation of SCM? If not handled appropriately, government reactions to economic and social crisis could validate the SCM narrative. Government entities must embrace training, transparency, and ethical decision making in an effort to nullify the SCM narrative."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.); Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Bell, Devon M.
2016-03
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Race to Force the Issue: A Use-of-Force Doctrine in Policing
From the thesis abstract: "In response to public outrage over police use of force, Police Executive Research Forum (PERF) dedicated its Critical Issues Seminars to discussing use-of-force reform. From the seminars, PERF produced 30 guiding principles, which included best-practice policy recommendations that called for agencies to adopt standards that went higher than the Graham v. Connor standard of reasonableness in the eyes of the officer involved. The focus of this thesis was to study what the effect of going beyond current legal standards might have on use-of-force incidents in practice and in the public perception. It also looked to find whether the policy principles put forward could make policing safer for officers and the public they serve. The research showed there was serious debate over the applicability and understanding of PERF's policies. Experts felt the PERF policies should not be adopted as stand-alone policies and further context was required. PERF failed to define the problem it was attempting to solve and only created more confusion with its policy recommendations; no change to law or policy will make policing safer. This thesis recommends that law enforcement, anti-police advocates, and politicians work together to bridge the gap that is felt at every angle of the debate."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.); Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Avelar, Tracy A.
2017-03
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World Trade Organization: Overview and Future Direction [November 29, 2018]
"The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an international organization that administers the trade rules and agreements negotiated by its 164 members to eliminate trade barriers and create nondiscriminatory rules to govern trade. It also serves as an important forum for resolving trade disputes. The United States was a major force behind the establishment of the WTO in 1995 and the rules and agreements that resulted from the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations (1986-1994). The WTO encompassed and expanded on the commitments and institutional functions of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which was established in 1947 by the United States and 22 other nations. Through the GATT and WTO, the United States and other countries sought to establish a more open, rules-based trading system in the postwar era, with the goal of fostering international economic cooperation, stability,and prosperity worldwide. Today, the vast majority of world trade, approximately 98%, takes place among WTO members."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Fefer, Rachel F.; Fergusson, Ian F.
2018-11-29
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Iran: Efforts to Preserve Economic Benefits of the Nuclear Deal [November 8, 2018]
"On May 8, 2018, President Trump announced that the United States would cease implementing U.S. commitments under the 2015 multilateral Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) with Iran. On November 5, 2018, at the end of a 'wind down period,' all pre-JCPOA U.S. sanctions on foreign firms that conduct transactions in all of Iran's core economic sectors, including energy, banking, shipping, and manufacturing, went back into effect. These include sanctions on 'petroleum-related transactions' and transactions by foreign banks with Iran's Central Bank. In addition, 700 Iranian and third country entities have again been designated by the United States as sanctioned entities, meaning that foreign firms that transact business with these entities could face virtual exclusion from the U.S. economy. The non-U.S. parties to the JCPOA--the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Russia, China, the European Union (EU) and Iran--opposed the U.S. move and have sought to preserve the accord. The outcome of their efforts may depend on the degree to which Iran perceives that it continues to receive economic benefits of the agreement. To date, Iran has continued to comply with the JCPOA, while pressing the EU and other parties to the JCPOA to provide assurances of continued economic engagement with Iran."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Katzman, Kenneth; Mix, Derek E.
2018-11-08
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U.S . - Japan Announce New Limited Trade Negotiations [October 17, 2018]
"On September 26, 2018, President Trump and Japanese Prime Minister Abe announced plans to enter into formal bilateral negotiations for a 'United-States Japan Trade Agreement on goods, as well as on other key areas including services, that can produce early achievements.' The announcement appeared to end a nearly two-year stalemate, in which Japan was resisting U.S. pressure to enter into bilateral trade talks, and at least temporarily suspended the threat of new U.S. tariffs against Japanese motor vehicles and auto parts. While the joint statement offers few details on overall negotiating objectives, both sides committed that, in conducting negotiations, they will 'respect positions of the other government' on market access outcomes in the auto and agricultural sectors, in particular--namely, the U.S. goal of creating production and jobs in the U.S. auto sector and the Japanese goal of protecting its agricultural sector."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Williams, Brock R.
2018-10-17
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Social Media Screening of Homeland Security Job Applicants and the Implications on Free Speech Rights
From the Thesis Abstract: "Social media screening of homeland security job applicants may infringe on their free-speech rights, which diminishes homeland security agencies as defenders of the law and hampers their recruitment efforts. When homeland security employers screen the social media of job applicants, what are the free-speech rights of those applicants, and do existing social-media screening policies support or undermine applicants' free-speech rights? Content analysis of existing case law reveals no established precedent for the free-speech rights of government job applicants. Legal and social science analysis indicates applicants should enjoy the full First Amendment protections of private citizens and not be subject to the same limitations placed on public employees. Publicly available social media screening policies have elements that may chill free speech by encouraging applicants to self-restrict social media activity. Homeland security agencies should be aware that social media screening may impair the free-speech rights of job applicants, notify applicants when they will screen social media profiles, provide clear guidance on what speech is considered disqualifying, and avoid suggesting that social media screening is used to perpetuate the existing agency culture."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.); Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Sweeney, Denis
2019-03
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U.S.-Japan Trade Agreement Negotiations [Updated June 5, 2019]
From the Overview: "In April 2019, the United States and Japan held their first round of negotiations toward a new bilateral trade agreement. The Trump Administration is pursuing the talks with Japan under U.S. Trade Promotion Authority (TPA) procedures, potentially allowing for expedited legislative consideration of a concluded agreement. [...] The two parties continue to negotiate on the precise scope of the talks, but both sides appear to prioritize quick results over a more comprehensive negotiation. Key issues are likely to include trade commitments on motor vehicles, agricultural goods, and services, as well as areas where the two nations have largely similar goals, such as digital trade. Currency commitments are a priority among some U.S. stakeholders, but Japan opposes including them in the trade talks. On May 17, 2019, following an investigation by the U.S. Department of Commerce, President Trump proclaimed U.S. motor vehicle and parts imports, particularly from Japan and the EU, a threat to U.S. national security. [...] Given that motor vehicles are the top Japanese export to the United States, U.S. import restrictions on the sector would likely create a strong backlash from Japan. President Trump has stated he is using the threat of auto tariffs to influence broader U.S.-Japan trade negotiations, but it is unclear what auto outcomes the President seeks as part of the FTA [free trade agreement] talks."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Williams, Brock R.
2019-06-05
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Labor Enforcement Issues in U.S. FTAs [Updated August 23, 2019]
From the Background: "Labor provisions in free trade agreements (FTAs)--both in the U.S. and globally--were first included in the North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation (NAALC), the side agreement to the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Since then provisions have evolved from commitments not just to enforce a country's own domestic labor laws, but also to adopt and enforce core principles of the International Labor Organization (ILO). [...] U.S. FTAs have set precedents both in terms of the scope and enforceability of labor provisions. An ILO report found as of 2016, 77 out of 267 FTAs globally included labor provisions, compared to 21 in 2005. Unlike U.S. practice, the majority of agreements do not subject labor provisions to dispute settlement. Most provide a framework for dialogue, capacity building, and monitoring, rather than link violations to economic consequences, such as trade sanctions. In cases where dispute settlement is applicable, such mechanisms have been rarely invoked; countries largely aim to solve disputes via cooperative consultations."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.
2019-08-23
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Worker Rights Provisions in Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) [Updated August 23, 2019]
From the Overview: "Worker rights have become a prominent issue in U.S. FTA [Free Trade Agreement] negotiations. Some stakeholders believe worker rights provisions are necessary to protect U.S. workers from perceived unfair competition and to raise labor standards abroad. Others believe these rights are more appropriately addressed at the International Labor Organization (ILO) or through cooperative efforts and capacity building. Since 1988, Congress has included worker rights as a principal negotiating objective in Trade Promotion Authority (TPA) legislation. The United States has been in the forefront of using FTAs to promote core internationally-recognized worker rights. Labor provisions have evolved significantly since the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), moving from side agreements to integral chapters within FTA texts, with more provisions subject to enforcement mechanisms. The renegotiation of NAFTA, completed in September 2018, led to the new proposed U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement and a revised labor chapter."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Villarreal, M. Angeles
2019-08-23
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CFIUS Reform: Foreign Investment National Security Reviews [Updated August 6, 2019]
From the Overview: "Some Members of Congress, the Trump Administration, and some U.S. businesses have raised concerns over the risks to continued U.S. technological leadership to support national defense and economic security due to growing foreign direct investment (FDI), primarily by Chinese firms, in U.S. high-tech companies. On August 13, 2018, President Trump signed into law new rules governing foreign investment national security reviews. Known as the 'Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act (FIRRMA) of 2018' (Title XVII, P.L. 115-232), the legislation amends the current process for the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) (under P.L. 110-49) to review, on behalf of the President, the national security implications of FDI in the United States."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Jackson, James K., 1949-; Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.
2019-08-06
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Deadlines, Programs, and Regulations Mandated by FIRRMA [Updated October 3, 2019]
From the Overview: "On August 13, 2018, President Trump signed the Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act of 2018 (FIRRMA) (Subtitle A, Title XVII, P.L. 115-232). Various provisions became effective upon implementation, while interim rules for some provisions became effective on October 11, 2018. Among other items, FIRRMA required the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) to meet certain deadlines in programs and reporting and develop new regulations. In October 2018, the Department of the Treasury published in the 'Federal Register' preliminary rules implementing certain provisions of FIRRMA through a pilot program, which took effect on November 10. FIRRMA's implementation may raise several questions for the 116th Congress, such as the extent to which modernization of CFIUS and its review of foreign direct investment transactions for their national security implications will safeguard U.S. national security interests, particularly those related to strategic competition for leading edge technology."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Jackson, James K., 1949-; Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.
2019-10-03
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U.S.-Japan Trade Agreement Negotiations [Updated October 3, 2019]
From the Overview: "On September 25, 2019, President Trump and Prime Minister Abe announced they had finalized a limited bilateral trade agreement consisting of tariff cuts on agricultural and industrial goods and commitments on digital trade. The two sides stated their intent to begin negotiations on a more comprehensive deal after this initial agreement enters into force. [...] Notably, the limited agreement does not include trade commitments on motor vehicles, a long-standing area of bilateral tension. On May 17, 2019, following an investigation by the U.S. Department of Commerce under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, President Trump proclaimed motor vehicle and parts imports, particularly from Japan and the EU, a threat to U.S. national security. [...] Alleviating the auto tariff threat was a key objective of Japan in the recent talks."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Williams, Brock R.
2019-10-03
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U.S.-Japan Trade Agreement Negotiations [Updated September 12, 2019]
From the Overview: "In April 2019, the United States and Japan held their first round of negotiations toward a new bilateral trade agreement. [...] In August, President Trump and Prime Minister Abe announced they reached an agreement on 'core principles' of a trade agreement covering agricultural market access, some industrial goods tariffs, and rules on digital trade. Both sides have released few details on the exact terms, but indicate they aim to finalize and sign the deal by late September. The announced deal reportedly does not cover trade commitments on motor vehicles, a long-standing area of bilateral tension. [...] President Trump has stated he is using the threat of increased U.S. auto tariffs to influence the broader negotiations."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Williams, Brock R.; Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.
2019-09-12
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CFIUS Reform: Foreign Investment National Security Reviews [Updated October 3, 2019]
From the Overview: "Some Members of Congress, the Trump Administration, and some U.S. businesses have raised concerns over the risks to continued U.S. technological leadership to support national defense and economic security due to growing foreign direct investment (FDI), primarily by Chinese firms, in U.S. high-tech companies. On August 13, 2018, President Trump signed into law new rules governing foreign investment national security reviews. Known as the 'Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act (FIRRMA) of 2018' (Title XVII, P.L. 115-232), the legislation amends the current process for the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) (under P.L. 110-49) to review, on behalf of the President, the national security implications of FDI in the United States."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Jackson, James K., 1949-; Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.
2019-10-03
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Fire Management Notes (Vol.46 No.1)
This is Volume 46, No.1 of Fire Management Notes, a quarterly periodical devoted to the technique of forest fire control, produced by the U.S. Forest Service.
United States. Forest Service
1985
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Rapidly Increasing Postal Service Delivery Delays for Mail-Order Prescription Drugs Pose Health Risks for Millions of Americans
From the Executive Summary: "Louis DeJoy was selected to serve as Postmaster General in May 2020. Almost immediately after being named to the position, Postmaster General DeJoy - with the support of President Donald Trump - began implementing changes that threaten the service and integrity of the U.S. Postal Service (USPS). Members of Congress and outside experts have raised concerns that these changes may be causing significant delivery delays for mail-order prescription drugs, putting the health of Americans in danger. To determine the extent of these delays, U.S. Senator Elizabeth Warren and U.S. Senator Bob Casey opened an investigation, writing to five of the largest pharmacies and pharmacy benefit managers and asking them a series of questions about mail-order prescription deliveries. This report contains the results of that investigation. The findings are new and previously unreleased, and show that, although Postmaster General DeJoy testified that his changes to mail service 'should not have impacted anybody,' there have been significant delays in USPS deliveries of mail-order prescription drugs in recent months, potentially posing serious health risks to millions of Americans and increasing costs for consumers and taxpayers."
United States. Congress. Senate
Warren, Elizabeth; Casey, Bob
2020-09
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U.S. Nuclear Weapons Tests [October 8, 2020]
From the Document: "Press reports in May 2020 indicated that officials in the Trump Administration had discussed whether to conduct an explosive test of a U.S. nuclear weapon. The United States has observed a voluntary moratorium on nuclear explosive testing since 1992, although it has maintained the ability to resume these tests at the Nevada Nuclear Security Site (NNSS). Since 1993, it has used a program known as Science-Based Stockpile Stewardship to maintain confidence in the safety, security, and effectiveness of its nuclear arsenal."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Nikitin, Mary Beth Dunham; Woolf, Amy F.
2020-10-08
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Sixth Military-Revolution: Warfare in the Fourth Industrial Revolution
From the Thesis Abstract: "Historians MacGregor Knox and Williamson Murray originally suggested only five military-revolutions had occurred in the history of the western way of war. However, in 2017 Murray published 'America and the Future of War' and said a sixth military-revolution was unfolding in the modern era and it was mostly influenced by rampant technological change. He went on to suggest that society was only in the nascent stages of understanding the 6th MR [military-revolution] and understanding what it might mean for present-day militaries. Thus, the researcher's aim in this thesis was to expand on Murray's basic description of the 6th MR by exploring the root causes of change in the first five military-revolutions in order to formulate an argument for what was driving change in the 6th MR. After the historical precedents for revolutionary changes to war were considered, the researcher used the lessons gleaned from that analysis to examine how technology and other factors were influencing the character of war in the modern era. Ultimately, the author's conclusions presented in this thesis offer an expanded explanation of the 6th MR and considers the implications for the present-day U.S. Military."
U.S. Army Command and General Staff College
Champion, Jerry W., II
2019-06-14
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Fire Management Notes (Vol.47 No.3)
This is Volume 47, No.3 of Fire Management Notes, a quarterly periodical devoted to the technique of forest fire control, produced by the U.S. Forest Service.
United States. Forest Service
1986
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Fire Management Notes (Vol.47 No.4)
This is Volume 47, No.4 of Fire Management Notes, a quarterly periodical devoted to the technique of forest fire control, produced by the U.S. Forest Service.
United States. Forest Service
1987
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Fire Management Notes (Vol.48 No.1)
This is Volume 48, No.1 of Fire Management Notes, a quarterly periodical devoted to the technique of forest fire control, produced by the U.S. Forest Service.
United States. Forest Service
1987
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U.S. Commission on Civil Rights Urges All Law Enforcement to Follow Constitutional Policing Practices in Response to the Recent Demonstrations
From the Document: "The U.S. Commission on Civil Rights unanimously urges the Administration and the Department of Justice to advocate that all policing forces used by federal, state, and local governments, in response to the recent protests sparked by the alleged killing of George Floyd by a Minneapolis police officer, abide by constitutional policing practices that ensure against bias and promote non-discriminatory accountability and enforcement."
United States Commission on Civil Rights
2020-06-05
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Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers: BioCheck Inc., BioCheck SARS-CoV-2 IgM Antibody Test Kit
From the Document: "This Fact Sheet informs you of the significant known and potential risks and benefits of the emergency use of the BioCheck SARS-CoV-2 IgM [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 immunoglobulin M] Antibody Test Kit."
United States. Food and Drug Administration
2020-09-09
