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Early Development and Regulation of Diagnostic Testing for COVID-19: Frequently Asked Questions [Updated March 17, 2021]
From the Document: "On December 31, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) was informed of a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China. Illnesses have since been linked to a disease caused by a previously unidentified strain of coronavirus, designated Coronavirus Disease 2019, or COVID-19. Despite containment efforts in China, the United States, and elsewhere, by late February there were indications that the COVID-19 outbreak may have entered a new phase, with community spread occurring or suspected in several countries other than China, including in the United States. Since this time, the virus has spread widely, resulting in millions of cases and more than 500,000 deaths in the United States. Diagnostic testing is a critical part of the public health response to and clinical management of COVID-19. The earliest efforts in the United States to develop and disseminate a test for COVID-19 faced challenges. Manufacturing and quality issues with the nation's test--developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)--resulted in essentially all testing going through CDC's laboratory facility in Atlanta through early March 2020, despite distribution of test kits to state and local public health laboratories beginning in early February 2020. [...] In June 2020, HHS [Department of Health and Human Services] Office of the General Counsel released findings of an internal investigation into CDC's production of its test kit, finding generally that the test was likely contaminated, and that time pressure may have 'compromised sufficient QC/QA [quality control/quality assurance] to identify certain anomalies in data and realize the possibility of contamination before shipment.' In addition, the matter is currently under investigation by HHS Office of the Inspector General, with an audit underway to 'review CDC's process of producing and distributing the COVID-19 test kits.' This report is reportedly expected sometime in FY2021."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sarata, Amanda K.
2021-03-17
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Business Case for Climate Solutions, Before the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Seventeenth Congress, First Session, March 17, 2021 [video]
This is a video of the March 17, 2021 hearing titled "The Business Case for Climate Solutions" held before the U.S. House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. From the Video Description: "The hearing will explore private sector actions to develop and implement solutions to climate change, with an emphasis on the surface transportation sector." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Jack Allen, Shameek Konar, Troy Rudd, Rafael Santana, Frederick W. Smith, Laurie Giammona, Tom Lewis, and Charles Hernick. The duration of this video is 3 hours, 57 minutes, and 14 seconds.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure
2021-03-17
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Unemployment Insurance Provisions in the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 [Updated March 17, 2021]
From the Document: "The Unemployment Insurance (UI) provisions in Title IX, Subtitle A, of the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. [Public Law] 117-2; enacted March 11, 2021) make four significant changes to UI programs and benefits-- specifically, ARPA [1] reauthorizes and expands the enhanced UI benefits created under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act; P.L. 116-136, enacted March 27, 2020) and the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (P.L. 116-260, enacted December 27, 2020; the UI provisions are titled the Continued Assistance for Unemployed Workers Act of 2020 [Continued Assistance Act]); [2] extends the authorization for additional, temporary UI provisions first authorized under the CARES Act and the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA; P.L. 116-127, enacted March 18, 2020) and extended under the Continued Assistance Act; [3] authorizes a federal income tax exclusion of up to $10,200 in UI benefits in 2020 for taxpayers with modified adjusted gross income (AGI) of less than $150,000; and [4] provides two sources of additional UI administrative funding: (1) $2 billion to U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) for federal and state administration of UI benefits, including for fraud prevention and benefit processing purposes; and (2) $8 million to DOL for federal activities related to UI programs."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Isaacs, Katelin P., 1980-; Whittaker, Julie M.
2021-03-17
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MMWR Early Release: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, March 17, 2021: County-Level COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage and Social Vulnerability -- United States, December 14, 2020-March 1, 2021
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This early release issue of MMWR contains the following article: "County-Level COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage and Social Vulnerability -- United States, December 14, 2020-March 1, 2021." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from this issue can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2021.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2021-03-17
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 1620, the Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2021
This is the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Cost Estimate as posted on the House Rules Committee website on March 8, 2021. From the Document: "Section 703 of H.R. 1620 would expand eligibility for unemployment compensation benefits to people who voluntarily separate from work because they are victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, stalking, or sexual or other harassment. Most states already have similar policies or regulations for victims of domestic violence and sexual harassment. Using data from states with similar policies, CBO estimates that enacting this section would increase direct spending by $11 million over the 2021-2031 period. Because of its effects on balances in state unemployment accounts, enacting this title also would increase revenues by $6 million over the 2021-2031 period, CBO estimates. The bill also would broaden the coverage of existing crimes relating to violence against women. Enacting the legislation could increase collections of criminal fines for violations of these offenses. Criminal fines are recorded as revenues, deposited in the Crime Victims Fund, and subsequently spent without further appropriation. CBO estimates that any additional collections and associated spending would not be significant because of the relatively small number of additional cases likely to be affected."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2021-03-16
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Student Loan Programs Authorized by the Public Health Service Act: An Overview [March 16, 2021]
From the Document: "The Public Health Service Act (PHSA, 42 U.S.C. §§201 et. seq.) authorizes five student loan programs administered by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) through the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA): (1) Health Professions Student Loans, (2) Loans for Disadvantaged Students, (3) Primary Care Loans, (4) Nursing Student Loans, and the (5) Nurse Faculty Loan Program. [...] This report describes PHSA student loan programs, including borrower eligibility requirements, loan terms and conditions, and administrative rules. It also briefly describes the Health Education Assistance Loan (HEAL) program, a related student loan program authorized under the PHSA that was previously administered by HRSA and is now administered by ED [Department of Education]. The report concludes with a table comparing these programs by borrower type, repayment terms, the number of participating schools, and the number and financial amount of outstanding loans."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Heisler, Elayne J., 1976-; Hegji, Alexandra
2021-03-16
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American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. 117-2): Title IX, Subtitle G--Tax Provisions Related to Promoting Economic Security [Updated March 16, 2021]
From the Document: "The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. [Public Law] 117-2) was signed into law by President Biden on March 11, 2021. ARPA is the latest in a series of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related relief and economic stimulus legislation. Consideration of ARPA began early in the 117th Congress. On February 8, 2021, House Ways and Means Committee Chairman Richard E. Neal released nine legislative proposals to be considered under the budget reconciliation instructions. On February 27, 2021, the House passed these proposals as part of the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; H.R. 1319). On March 4, 2021, the Senate version of the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, S.Amdt. 891 to H.R. 1319, was proposed. On Saturday March 6, 2021, the Senate passed H.R. 1319, as amended by S.Amdt. 891. On March 10, 2021, the House passed H.R. 1319, as amended by S.Amdt. 891. On March 11, 2021, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. 117-2) was signed into law. The versions of the bill passed on March 6 in the Senate and March 10 in the House are identical to the law as enacted. This report summarizes the tax provisions in Title IX, Subtitle G of the American Rescue Plan Act."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sherlock, Molly F.; Gravelle, Jane; Crandall-Hollick, Margot L.
2021-03-16
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Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act (LHWCA): Overview of Workers' Compensation for Certain Private-Sector Maritime Workers [Updated March 16, 2021]
From the Summary: "The LHWCA [Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act] pays for all medical care associated with a covered injury or illness. Disability benefits are based on a worker's pre-injury wage, and, unlike comparable state workers' compensation benefits, are adjusted annually to reflect national wage growth. Covered workers with employment-related Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be eligible for LHWCA benefits but may find it difficult to demonstrate a link between their employment and diagnoses. Section 2014 of H.R. 1319, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, as passed by the House of Representatives, would have created a presumption of eligibility for LHWCA benefits for covered workers with COVID-19 and reimbursed their employers or employers' insurance carriers for the costs of these benefits from a newly created Longshore COVID-19 Fund. This legislation would have appropriated from the general fund such sums as necessary to reimburse the Longshore COVID-19 Fund for these reimbursements. The provision creating a presumption of eligibility for LHWCA benefits for covered workers with COVID-19 was not included in the version of H.R. 1319 passed by the Senate or the version that was enacted as P.L. [public law] 117-2."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Szymendera, Scott
2021-03-16
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U.S. Energy in the 21st Century: A Primer [March 16, 2021]
From the Introduction: "This report provides an overview of U.S. energy issues, and it serves as an initial resource document for related information, data, and CRS [Congressional Research Service] contacts. The report is organized around the major fuels and energy sources used in the United States. It also highlights the role of the federal government, particularly the use of federal lands in energy production. It does not focus on security, research and development, or environmental issues, although those subjects are also critical to the U.S. energy sector."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Diaz, Melissa N.; Bracmort, Kelsi; Brown, Phillip (Specialist in Energy Policy) . . .
2021-03-16
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COVID-19 Vaccination: Selected U.S. Data Sources [Updated March 16, 2021]
From the Document: "The sources [in this document] can help congressional staff track the progress of the U.S. COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] vaccination campaign at the national, state, and local levels. Sources were selected for having commonly cited and frequently requested data. This list is not intended to be comprehensive. Additional sources may be added in future updates. Because different resources use different methodologies, readers should check websites' notes, definitions, and caveats. Readers should also use caution when comparing data across sources or geographies."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cornell, Ada S.; Napili, Angela
2021-03-16
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Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons [Updated March 16, 2021]
From the Summary: "Recent debates about U.S. nuclear weapons have questioned what role weapons with shorter ranges and lower yields can play in addressing emerging threats in Europe and Asia. These weapons, often referred to as nonstrategic nuclear weapons, have not been limited by past U.S.- Russian arms control agreements. Some analysts argue such limits would be of value, particularly in addressing Russia's greater numbers of these types of weapons. Others have argued that the United States should expand its deployments of these weapons, in both Europe and Asia, to address new risks of war conducted under a nuclear shadow. [...] Some argue that these weapons do not create any problems and the United States should not alter its policy. Others argue that the United States should expand its deployments of these weapons in response to challenges from Russia, China, and North Korea. Some believe the United States should reduce its reliance on these weapons and encourage Russia to do the same. Many have suggested that the United States and Russia expand efforts to cooperate on ensuring the safe and secure storage and elimination of these weapons; others have suggested that they negotiate an arms control treaty that would limit these weapons and allow for increased transparency in monitoring their deployment and elimination. The 117th Congress may review some of these proposals."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Woolf, Amy F.
2021-03-16
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U.S. Army Long-Range Precision Fires: Background and Issues for Congress [March 16, 2021]
From the Summary: "Improvements to potential adversaries' artillery systems present a challenge to the U.S. military, the Army in particular. In addition to the challenge of improved artillery system capabilities and new employment techniques, the proliferation of special munitions--such as precision, thermobaric, and top-attack munitions--has renewed concerns about the potential impact of enemy cannon and rocket artillery on U.S. combat operations and ground combat systems. In response to this challenge, the U.S. Army is seeking to improve its ability to deliver what it refers to as long-range precision fires (LRPF) by upgrading current artillery and missile systems, developing new longer-range cannons and hypersonic weapons, and modifying existing air- and sea-launched missiles and cruise missiles for ground launch by Army units. Both the 2018 National Defense Strategy and the Army's Multi-Domain Operations operational concept call for improved Army LRPF capability to counter what has been described as Russian and Chinese anti-access, area denial (A2/AD) strategies designed to limit the freedom of movement and action of U.S. forces in both Europe and the Pacific region."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Feickert, Andrew
2021-03-16
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Section 301: Tariff Exclusions on U.S. Imports from China [Updated March 16, 2021]
From the Document: "In 2018, the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) determined, pursuant to an investigation under 'Section 301' (Title III of the Trade Act of 1974, 19 U.S.C. §§2411-2420), that China's acts, policies, and practices related to technology transfer, intellectual property (IP), and innovation are unreasonable or discriminatory and burden or restrict U.S. commerce. To counter them and obtain their elimination, the Trump Administration imposed, under Section 301, four rounds of increased tariffs on approximately two-thirds of U.S. imports from China. However, to avoid harm to U.S. interests, the USTR instituted 'tariff exclusions' for certain U.S. imports that would otherwise be subject to tariffs. This is the first time that the agency has established an exclusion request process, and several Members of Congress have raised concerns about its implementation."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Schwarzenberg, Andres B.
2021-03-16
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Unmanned Campaign Framework
From the Introduction: "The National Defense Strategy (NDS) defines 'the central challenge to U.S. prosperity and security as the reemergence of long-term, strategic competition' posed by Russia and China. It emphasizes that, 'America's military has no preordained right to victory on the battlefield.' 'The developing abilities of near-peer competitors drive the need for increased Naval capability distributed over a wider area'. [...] 'Autonomous systems provide additional warfighting capability and capacity to augment our traditional combatant force, allowing the option to take on greater operational risk while maintaining a tactical and strategic advantage'. The Navy and Marine Corps are already operating unmanned systems, and going forward will seek to achieve a seamlessly integrated manned-unmanned force across all domains. The question is not 'if' the Naval force will prioritize and leverage unmanned platforms and systems, but how quickly and efficiently, in resource-constrained environments."
United States. Department of the Navy
2021-03-16
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Congressional Budget Office's Estimate of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Effects of H.R. 1652, the VOCA Fix to Sustain the Crime Victims Fund Act of 2021
This is the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Cost Estimate of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Effects of H.R. 1652, the VOCA (Victims of Crime Act) Fix to Sustain the Crime Victims Fund Act of 2021 as posted on the website of the Clerk of the House on March 12, 2021. From the Document: "The Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 establishes budget-reporting and enforcement procedures for legislation affecting direct spending or revenues. The net changes in outlays that are subject to those procedures are shown here. H.R. 1652 would direct revenues collected from deferred prosecution and non-prosecution agreements to be deposited into the Crime Victims Fund and spent on Victims of Crime Act (VOCA) programs. (Those revenues are already being collected under current law.) CBO estimates the deposits would create about $1 billion in new budget authority each year and would increase direct spending by $7.5 billion over the 2021-2031 period. The legislation also would make changes to the allocation of VOCA grants and allow waivers of some state matching requirements under VOCA; CBO estimates those provisions would not affect direct spending or revenues. For purposes of this estimate, CBO assumes the legislation would be enacted in July 2021."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2021-03-16
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H. Rept. 117-12: Providing for Consideration of the Bill (H.R. 1620) to Reauthorize the Violence Against Women Act of 1994, and for Other Purposes, Report to Accompany H.Res.233, March 16, 2021
From the Document: "The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 1620, the Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2021, under a structured rule. The resolution provides one hour of general debate equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on the Judiciary or their designees. The resolution waives all points of order against consideration of the bill. The resolution provides that an amendment in the nature of a substitute consisting of the text of Rules Committee Print 117- 3, modified by the amendment printed in part A of this report, shall be considered as adopted and the bill, as amended, shall be considered as read."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2021-03-16
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Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Selected Policy Options [March 15, 2021]
From the Document: "Congress may consider a range of policy options that could be used to limit or remove human-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the atmosphere, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, nitrous oxides, and others. Efforts to reduce net GHG emissions--the sum of direct emission reductions/removals and permanent sequestration--are under way in other countries and in a number of U.S. states and localities. This In Focus identifies and briefly describes selected policy tools that could reduce net GHG emissions from one or more economic sectors, including electricity, transportation, industry, agriculture, and commercial and residential buildings. Some of the policies described [in this document] directly impact emissions--for example, through a price or regulation--whereas others address emission levels indirectly."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Ramseur, Jonathan L.; Croft, Genevieve K.; Clark, Corrie E. . . .
2021-03-15
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Child Tax Credit: Temporary Expansion for 2021 Under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. 117-2) [Updated March 15, 2021]
From the Document: "In recent years, there has been increased interest in providing direct benefits to families with children to reduce child poverty in the United States, sometimes in the form of tax benefits. [...] Some research has suggested that increasing the amount of the child tax credit that low-income families receive would substantially reduce child poverty, boost future earnings, and potentially improve future health and education outcomes. In the 116th Congress, there were several legislative proposals to expand the child tax credit, especially for lower-income families that tend to receive little or no benefit from the current credit. In the 117th Congress, a temporary one-year expansion of the child credit (for 2021) was included in the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. [public law] 117-2). This Insight provides a summary of the child tax credit prior to ARPA and an overview of the temporary child credit expansion under ARPA for 2021."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Crandall-Hollick, Margot L.
2021-03-15
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COVID-19 and Direct Payments: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About the Third Round of 'Stimulus Checks' in the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. 117-2) [Updated March 15, 2021]
From the Document: "Congress included a third round of direct payments in the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. [public law] 117-2) to address the continued economic fallout from the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The first round [hyperlink] was included in the CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act [hyperlink] (P.L. 116-136). The second round [hyperlink] was included in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 [hyperlink] (P.L. 116-260). This Insight provides a brief overview of the third round of payments--often referred to as 'stimulus checks [hyperlink]'. (A similar proposal for a third round of payments passed the House on February 27, 2021. That version had different phaseouts [hyperlink] from the third round ultimately included in P.L. 117-2 and discussed in this Insight.)"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Crandall-Hollick, Margot L.
2021-03-15
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'Childless' EITC: Temporary Expansion for 2021 Under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. 117-2) [Updated March 15, 2021]
From the Document: "The earned income tax credit (EITC) is the largest need-tested antipoverty program that provides cash to families. Workers with 'qualifying children'--that is, dependent children who live with the taxpayer for more than half the year--receive the majority of EITC benefits. For 2018 [hyperlink], 26.5 million taxpayers received a total of $64.9 billion from the EITC. Of that total, there were 6.9 million recipients without qualifying children (about 26% of the total) who received $2.1 billion (about 3% of the total dollars), receiving an average credit of $302. This Insight provides an overview of the EITC for workers without qualifying children at home, often called the 'childless' EITC. The term 'childless,' however, may be misleading. Workers without qualifying children may have noncustodial children, live with children for less than six months of a year, or live with nonbiological children they cannot claim for the credit. This Insight then summarizes the temporary expansion of the 'childless' EITC for 2021 that was included in the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. 117-2)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Crandall-Hollick, Margot L.
2021-03-15
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COVID-19 and Direct Payments: Comparison of First and Second Round of 'Stimulus Checks' to the Third Round in the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. 117-2) [Updated March 15, 2021]
From the Document: "The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. [public law] 117-2) includes a third round of direct payments (often referred to as 'stimulus checks'). A first round [hyperlink] of direct payments was included in the CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act [hyperlink] (P.L. 116-136) in March 2020. A second round [hyperlink] of direct payments was included in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 [hyperlink] (P.L. 116-260) in December 2020. This Insight compares some of the major aspects of the third round of direct payments to the first and second rounds."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Crandall-Hollick, Margot L.
2021-03-15
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Coast Guard Cutter Procurement: Background and Issues for Congress [Updated March 15, 2021]
From the Introduction: "This report provides background information and potential oversight issues for Congress on the Coast Guard's programs for procuring 8 National Security Cutters (NSCs), 25 Offshore Patrol Cutters (OPCs), and 58 Fast Response Cutters (FRCs). The Coast Guard's proposed FY2021 budget requested a total of $597 million in procurement funding for the NSC, OPC, and FRC programs. The issue for Congress is whether to approve, reject, or modify the Coast Guard's funding requests and acquisition strategies for the NSC, OPC, and FRC programs. Congress's decisions on these three programs could substantially affect Coast Guard capabilities and funding requirements, and the U.S. shipbuilding industrial base. The NSC, OPC, and FRC programs have been subjects of congressional oversight for many years, and were previously covered in other CRS [Congressional Research Service] reports dating back to 1998 that are now archived. CRS testified on the Coast Guard's cutter acquisition programs most recently in October and November of 2018. The Coast Guard's plans for modernizing its fleet of polar icebreakers are covered in a separate CRS report."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald
2021-03-15
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Foreign Threats to the 2020 US Federal Elections
From the Document: "This document is a declassified version of a classified report that the Intelligence Community provided to the President, senior Executive Branch officials, and Congressional leadership and intelligence oversight committees on 07 January 2021. The Intelligence Community rarely can publicly reveal the full extent of its knowledge or the specific information on which it bases its analytic conclusions, as doing so could endanger sensitive sources and methods and imperil the Intelligence Community's ability to collect critical foreign intelligence. The analytic judgments outlined below are identical to those in the classified version, but this declassified document does not include the full supporting information and does not discuss specific intelligence reports, sources, or methods. [...] This Intelligence Community Assessment (ICA), as required by Executive Order (EO) 13848(1)(a), addresses key foreign actors' intentions and efforts to influence or interfere with the 2020 US federal elections or to undermine public confidence in the US election process. It builds on analysis published throughout the election cycle and provided to Executive Branch and Congressional leaders. This ICA does not include an assessment of the impact foreign malign influence and interference activities may have had on the outcome of the 2020 election."
National Intelligence Council (U.S.)
2021-03-15
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Mexico: Challenges for U.S. Policymakers in 2021 [March 15, 2021]
From the Document: "Mexico, a top U.S. trade partner and neighbor, could play a key role in addressing several challenges facing U.S. policymakers in 2021. Although President Andrés Manuel López Obrador initially delayed [hyperlink] congratulating President Joe Biden on his electoral victory, the leaders now have spoken twice and have held a virtual meeting. During that March 1 meeting, they committed [hyperlink] to collaborate on bilateral and regional migration issues and on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) response and recovery, while reaffirming the importance of security cooperation and anti-corruption efforts. Each of those issues could test U.S.-Mexican relations, with tension in one area of the relationship potentially hindering cooperation in others. Most experts maintain the best way for both countries to weather such challenges is to continue working together [hyperlink] and with Canada to ensure the best possible outcomes for North America."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Seelke, Clare Ribando
2021-03-15
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MMWR Early Release: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, March 15, 2021: Effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNtech COVID-19 Vaccine Among Residents of Two Skilled Nursing Facilities Experiencing COVID-19 Outbreaks -- Connecticut, December 2020-February 2021
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This early release issue of MMWR contains the following article: "Effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNtech COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Vaccine Among Residents of Two Skilled Nursing Facilities Experiencing COVID-19 Outbreaks -- Connecticut, December 2020-February 2021." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from this issue can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2021.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2021-03-15
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MMWR Early Release: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, March 15, 2021: COVID-19 Vaccine Second-Dose Completion and Interval Between First and Second Doses Among Vaccinated Persons -- United States, December 14, 2020-February 14, 2021
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This early release issue of MMWR contains the following article: "COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Vaccine Second-Dose Completion and Interval Between First and Second Doses Among Vaccinated Persons -- United States, December 14, 2020�'February 14, 2021." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from this issue can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2021.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2021-03-15
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Belt and Road Initiative after COVID: The Rise of Health and Digital Silk Roads
From the Document: "China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has connectivity at its core. The BRI was launched to expand physical connectivity from China to Eurasia by constructing infrastructure, such as roads, railways, and pipelines in partner countries. In that sense, during the Great Lockdown caused by the COVID19 [coronavirus disease 19] pandemic, the BRI faced three serious challenges, including restrictions on the cross-border movement of workers and logistics, China's growing financial burden due to the worldwide economic downturn, and rising anti-Chinese sentiment all over the world."
Asan Institute for Policy Studies
Dong-Gyu, Lee
2021-03-15
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Extremism and the Military: A Brief Bibliography
This bibliography contains various books, reports, theses, dissertations, articles, military regulations, military instructions, hearings, blogs, and news pieces pertaining to the topic of extremism as it relates to the military.
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Dudley Knox Library
Marlatt, Greta E.
2021-03-15
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COVID-19 Relief Assistance to Small Businesses: Issues and Policy Options [Updated March 15, 2021]
From the Introduction: "This report begins with an overview of legislation considered during the 116th and 117th Congresses to assist small businesses adversely affected by the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic. It then provides an overview of SBA [Small Business Administration] disaster loans and discusses various issues related to providing disaster assistance to small businesses adversely affected by COVID-19. It then presents an overview of SBA access to capital programs (including the 7(a) loan guarantee, 504/CDC [Certified Development Companies] loan guarantee, and Microloan programs), SBA management and technical training programs (Small Business Development Centers [SBDCs], Women Business Centers [WBCs], SCORE [Service Corps of Retired Executives], and Microloan technical assistance), and SBA contracting programs. This is followed by a discussion of legislation enacted during the 111th Congress to assist small businesses during and immediately following the Great Recession (2007-2009)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Dilger, Robert Jay, 1954-; Lindsay, Bruce R.; Lowry, Sean
2021-03-15
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CBP Faced Challenges in Its Inspection Processes and Physical Security at the JFK International Mail Facility (REDACTED)
From the Highlights: "One of CBP's [U.S. Customs and Border Protection] top priorities is safeguarding the public by preventing imports of opioids and other illegal items mailed from overseas through the USPS [U.S. Postal Service]. As a follow-up to our September 2018 report, we conducted this audit to determine whether CBP's airmail, physical security, and inspection processes at the JFK International Airport are adequate to effectively screen, track, and safeguard incoming international mail."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General
2021-03-12
