Advanced search Help
Searching for terms: ALL (Ebola) in: title
Clear all search criteria
Only 2/3! You are seeing results from the Public Collection, not the complete Full Collection. Sign in to search everything (see eligibility).
-
Ebola Outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Emergencies or Enduring Threat? [Updated September 10, 2020]
From the Introduction: "On June 25, 2020, a nearly two-year Ebola virus outbreak in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) was declared over, after claiming the lives of nearly 2,300 people. A new outbreak emerged the same month in the west of the country, marking the 11th documented Ebola outbreak in the country since the virus was first identified in DRC in 1976. [...] The prolonged battle to contain the Ebola outbreak in eastern DRC, coupled with what appear to be more frequent outbreaks in the country, raise questions about the allocation of U.S. global health resources and bilateral aid for DRC. Vaccines and therapeutics are potential game-changers, yet health system weaknesses, community mistrust, and barriers to humanitarian access remain obstacles. Among the issues that Congress might consider include the relative ranking of U.S. global health priorities in the context of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019], the implications of frequent Ebola outbreaks for the global health security agenda, and lessons learned from DRC about pandemic response in complex conflict settings. If responding to and preventing Ebola outbreaks remain congressional priorities, Congress might also consider how such efforts may be funded."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Salaam-Blyther, Tiaji; Arieff, Alexis
2020-09-10
-
Symptoms Vary: Understanding Americans' Differing Views on COVID-19, Ebola, and Zika
From the Key Findings: "[1] Compared to the 2014-2016 Ebola virus outbreak and the 2016 Zika virus outbreak, Americans are more concerned about the coronavirus outbreak, more dissatisfied with the government's response, and more willing to close the country's borders -- especially to foreign citizens. [2] Americans' attitudes toward these three outbreaks are tied to basic biological predispositions, particularly their sensitivity to the threat of contamination, also known as disgust sensitivity. Disgust appears to create more concern about the outbreaks and a greater willingness to take protective steps, such as social distancing. [3] Democrats and Republicans have reacted differently to these outbreaks. Republicans were more concerned about Ebola than were Democrats, and as much if not more concerned about Ebola than the coronavirus."
Democracy Fund Voter Study Group
Kam, Cindy D., 1975-; Sides, John
2020-07
-
Social Science Support for COVID-19: Lessons Learned Brief 3: Humanitarian Programme Recommendations for COVID-19 Based on Social Sciences Evidence from the DRC Ebola Outbreak Response
From the Document: "This brief was developed for actors working 'on the ground' in outbreak response in humanitarian programmes and contexts. It addresses recurrent programme recommendations, including strategies, interventions and activities, which resulted from social sciences analyses conducted by the CASS [Social Sciences Analysis Cell] during the Ebola outbreak in the DRC [Democratic Republic of the Congo] (2018-2020), and how these could be considered in COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] programme development (interventions and strategies)."
UNICEF
2020-05-22
-
Social Science Support for COVID-19: Lessons Learned Brief 4: Social Sciences Evidence on Barriers to Healthcare Seeking During the DRC Ebola Outbreak
From the Document: "This brief was developed for actors working 'on the ground' in humanitarian response programmes. It focuses on the importance, reasons and recommendations for minimising barriers to healthcare seeking in outbreak settings based on social sciences evidence from CASS [Social Sciences Analysis Cell] studies undertaken during the Ebola outbreak response in the DRC [Democratic Republic of the Congo]."
UNICEF
2020-05-22
-
Clinical Trials in Public Health Emergencies: The Ebola and COVID Experiences [video]
From the Video Description: "Designing and implementing clinical trials for novel infectious disease treatments brings many challenges, especially during a rapidly evolving pandemic. A new disease brings uncertainties arising from an imperfect understanding about illness, limited information about proposed countermeasures, and complexities in measuring relevant patient outcomes. A pandemic adds an overloaded medical system with limited resources for research, heightened pressure to find cures quickly, and unpredictability about potential case numbers. I will discuss issues related to designing and conducting treatment trials in outbreaks of Ebola and COVID [coronavirus disease] based on my experience with three studies: Prevail II (the West African Ebola virus disease study of ZMapp), PALM (the Democratic Republic of the Congo Ebola virus disease study of ZMapp, mAb114, REGN-EB3 and remdesivir) and ACTT-1 (the multinational, platform COVID-19 study of remdesivir vs placebo)." The duration of the video is 57 minutes and 48 seconds.
National Institutes of Health (U.S.)
Dodd, Lori
2020-05-13
-
Corona and the Sahel: Lessons from Ebola
From the Document: "Who will lead the response to Covid-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] in areas of the Sahel where there is no functioning state? This policy brief uses lessons learned from the Ebola epidemic in West Africa to show how traditional authorities can help respond to Covid-19. In Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea, the position, legitimacy, and role of traditional authorities was instrumental to stem, control, and handle Ebola in their communities. They contributed to credible communication, managed rumours and marshalled bottom-up solutions where official recommendations were impracticable. This brief explores the conditions under which traditional authorities in northern Mali and western Niger may play a similar role. The brief finds that the existing role of traditional authorities in the Sahel is likely to be reinforced. This means that some are well placed to respond to Covid-19 (particularly those who already assume a mediating role) but others find themselves in a very difficult position as they are under pressure from armed groups or lack local legitimacy. Policy-makers should consider traditional authorities as a key resource in the response to Covid-19, but also consider carefully who can play such a role and who cannot."
Netherlands Institute of International Relations
Bisson, Loïc; De Bruijne, Kars
2020-05
-
COVID-19 and Ebola: What We Can Learn from Prior Elections
From the Key Takeaways: "[1] America and other nations, including Liberia during the Ebola epidemic, have successfully conducted free and fair elections during health crises. [2] With sufficient resources, states can take the necessary precautions to ensure voters are safe while casting their ballots in the 2020 elections. [3] We must not put the ballots of all Americans into the hands of the U.S. Postal Service if we are to have faith in the security and integrity of the outcome."
Heritage Foundation (Washington, D.C.)
Von Spakovsky, Hans; Adams, J. Christian
2020-05-01
-
La mobilisation sociale en situation de pandémie: Principes, enseignements et exemples de la réponse au virus Ebola en Sierra Leone
"En cas d'épidémies de maladies infectieuses, la mobilisation sociale (MS) est le processus d'engagement et de responsabilisation des communautés qui assument le rôle d'agents du changement dans la lutte contre la propagation de la maladie et ses effets au sein de leurs propres communautés. Dans une réponse qui est souvent fortement médicalisée et contrôlée de manière centralisée, la mobilisation sociale est essentielle à la concrétisation des changements de comportement nécessaires pour arrêter la propagation du virus d'une personne à une autre. Une mobilisation sociale efficace adopte une approche coordonnée pour travailler avec les dirigeants locaux de confiance, les structures et réseaux communautaires existants, et un large éventail de partenaires et d'alliés dans le cadre d'actions interdépendantes et complémentaires."
Tony Blair Institute for Global Change
2020-04-08
-
Mobilização social no âmbito do surto de doenças: Princípios, lições e exemplos da resposta ao Ébola na Serra Leoa
"No âmbito de surtos de doenças infecciosas, a mobilização social (MS) é o processo de envolver e capacitar as comunidades para serem agentes de mudança no combate à propagação da doença e dos seus efeitos nas respectivas comunidades. Numa resposta que, muitas vezes, é altamente 'medicalizada' e controlada centralmente, a mobilização social é essencial para promover a mudança de comportamentos necessária para travar a propagação do vírus de pessoa para pessoa. Uma mobilização social eficaz requer uma abordagem coordenada envolvendo os líderes locais de confiança, as estruturas e redes comunitárias já existentes e um vasto leque de parceiros e aliados em ações inter-relacionadas e complementares."
Tony Blair Institute for Global Change
2020-04-08
-
COVID-19: Social Mobilisation in Disease Outbreaks: Principles, Lessons and Examples from the Ebola Response in Sierra Leone
From the Executive Summary: "[1] In infectious-disease outbreaks, social mobilisation (SM) is the process of engaging and empowering communities to be agents of change in tackling the disease spread and its effects in their own communities. In a response that is often highly medicalised and centrally controlled, social mobilisation is essential in bringing about the behaviour change needed to stop the virus spreading from person to person. Effective social mobilisation takes a coordinated approach to working with trusted local leaders, existing community structures and networks, and a wide range of partners and allies in interrelated and complementary actions. [2] Acting early on social mobilisation is critical to successful containment. Early misinformation and mixed messaging can badly damage a community's willingness to change behaviours and their trust in the wider response. Once eroded, this is hard to win back and can contribute to community resistance and counterproductive and risky behaviours, making disease containment impossible. [3] In the 2014 Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone, early mistakes in community engagement hindered efforts to contain the outbreak. Many lessons were learned over time about how to foster the community ownership necessary to end the outbreak. These lessons can be valuable to governments planning their social mobilisation approach for the Covid-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic. The Tony Blair Institute (then the Africa Governance Initiative) was embedded in the Sierra Leone national Ebola response system and advised response leaders on many of their national campaigns. In this document, we have summarised lessons and tools from those experiences."
Tony Blair Institute for Global Change
2020-04-06
-
Learning from Past Pandemics Covering Ebola [video]
From the Webpage: "The fourth installment in the Dart Center for Journalism and Trauma / Columbia Journalism Review's 'Reporting and Covid-19: Conversations for Journalists' webinar series. Guest: Jina Moore, Freelance Writer, Reporter, Producer. Coronavirus is creating unprecedented challenges the globe over, but it's not the first pandemic of this century. How does Covid-19 [coronavirus disease] compare to pandemics like SARS [severe acute respiratory syndrome] and Ebola?"
Dart Center for Journalism & Trauma
Shapiro, Bruce; Moore, Jina
2020-04-02
-
Fostering Behavior Change During Disease Outbreaks: Insights from Ebola Response in Africa [March 27, 2020]
From the Document: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease] pandemic has prompted governments worldwide to seek to change behaviors on a mass scale to stem new infections. [...] The challenges and successes of analogous efforts during the two largest Ebola outbreaks to date--in West Africa (2014-2016), and in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), starting in 2018 and now seemingly waning--may offer lessons for current efforts to contain COVID-19, even though the two viruses differ in significant ways."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Arieff, Alexis; Husted, Tomas F.; Cook, Nicolas
2020-03-27
-
Building Resilient Health Systems: Experimental Evidence from Sierra Leone and the 2014 Ebola Outbreak
From the Abstract: "Developing countries are characterized by high rates of mortality and morbidity. A potential contributing factor is the low utilization of health systems, stemming from the low perceived quality of care delivered by health personnel. This factor may be especially critical during crises, when individuals choose whether to cooperate with response efforts and frontline health personnel. We experimentally examine efforts aimed at improving health worker performance in the context of the 2014-15 West African Ebola crisis. Roughly two years before the outbreak in Sierra Leone, we randomly assigned two social accountability interventions to government-run health clinics--one focused on community monitoring and the other gave status awards to clinic staff. We find that over the medium run, prior to the Ebola crisis, both interventions led to improvements in utilization of clinics and patient satisfaction. In addition, child health outcomes improved substantially in the catchment areas of community monitoring clinics. During the crisis, the interventions also led to higher reported Ebola cases, as well as lower mortality from Ebola--particularly in areas with community monitoring clinics. We explore three potential mechanisms: the interventions (1) increased the likelihood that patients reported Ebola symptoms and sought care; (2) unintentionally increased Ebola incidence; or (3) improved surveillance efforts. We find evidence consistent with the first: by improving the perceived quality of care provided by clinics prior to the outbreak, the interventions likely encouraged patients to report and receive treatment. Our results suggest that social accountability interventions not only have the power to improve health systems during normal times, but can additionally make health systems resilient to crises that may emerge over the longer run."
Center for Global Development
Christensen, Darin; Dube, Oeindrila; Haushofer, Johannes . . .
2020-03
-
Confronting Ebola: Addressing a 21st Century Global Health Crisis, United States Senate, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, First Session, July 24, 2019
This is the July 24, 2019 hearing on "Confronting Ebola: Addressing a 21st Century Global Health Crisis," held before the U.S. Senate Subommittee on Africa and Global Health. From the Opening Statement of Tim Kaine: "[T]he World Health Organization, after an Ebola case was discovered in the City of Goma, declared this outbreak of Ebola a public health emergency of international concern. [...] This is a public health emergency, but the solution is not just a health care solution because we are dealing with conflict. We are dealing with failed democracy. We are dealing with failed systems. And so how do we end that situation to deal with this significant health emergency. The answer will be broader than just narrow health. Certainly health expertise and creativity can be part of it, but it is going to have to be bigger than that." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Mitch Wolfe, Tim Ziemer, Marcia Bernicat, and Ribor Nagy.
United States. Government Publishing Office
2020
-
Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak: Democratic Republic of Congo [September 27, 2019]
From the Document: "The Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) that began in August 2018 has eluded international containment efforts and posed significant challenges to local and international policymakers. The current outbreak is the 10th and largest on record in DRC, and the world's second largest ever (after the 2014-2016 West Africa outbreak). On July 17, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the current DRC outbreak to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) and called for increased donor funding. To date, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) has announced nearly $158 million to support the response to the outbreak in DRC and neighboring countries, most of which has been funded through USAID-administered International Disaster Assistance (IDA) funds appropriated by Congress in FY2015."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Salaam-Blyther, Tiaji; Arieff, Alexis
2019-09-27
-
Ebola Outbreak: Democratic Republic of Congo [Updated July 25, 2019]
From the Document: "Through annual appropriations, Congress provides funds to control infectious disease threats like Ebola. In FY2019, Congress provided $100 million to the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and $108.2 million to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to global health security and pandemic preparedness. The Trump Administration's FY2020 budget request included $90 million and $100 million for USAID and CDC global health security programs, respectively. Congress also provided over $5 billion in emergency funds in FY2015 for domestic and global efforts to contain the West Africa Ebola outbreak (P.L. 113-235). Some unspent funds are being used to fight the Ebola outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Arieff, Alexis; Salaam-Blyther, Tiaji
2019-07-25
-
Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 1340, Ebola Eradication Act of 2019
From the Document: "S. 1340 would require the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) to provide certain foreign assistance to the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) to address the recent Ebola outbreak. Under current law, the United States can provide humanitarian assistance such as medical supplies to the DRC. However, it is prohibited from providing other foreign assistance such as support for medical personnel, community outreach programs, and infrastructure improvements to that country because its government does not meet the minimum standards to combat human trafficking as required by the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (TVPA). While the Administration may waive that restriction, it has not done so. Before the TVPA restrictions were applied to the DRC in 2018, USAID provided an average of $130 million annually over the previous five years for health-related assistance to that country. Under the bill, CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that the agency would use about 50 percent of that amount for foreign assistance to address the Ebola outbreak in the eastern region of the DRC. CBO expects the other 50 percent would be for purposes unrelated to Ebola in the western region of the country; USAID would not be required to provide that assistance as a result of enacting this bill. Thus, CBO estimates that implementing S. 1340 would cost $70 million over the 2020-2024 period; such spending would be subject to the availability of appropriated funds."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2019-06-13
-
Ebola Outbreak: Democratic Republic of Congo [Updated April 2, 2019]
From the Document: "Congress has provided funds to prevent, detect, and respond to infectious disease threats, including those with pandemic potential like Ebola. From FY2014 through FY2018, Congress provided annually $72.5 million to the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) for such efforts and increased funding to $100 million in FY2019. From FY2015 to FY2017, Congress appropriated annually $55.1 million to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); in FY2018 and FY2019, it provided $108.2 million; and from FY2008 through FY2020, it authorized an additional $50 million for global health security efforts. The Trump Administration's FY2020 budget request included $90 million and $100 million for USAID and CDC global health security programs, respectively. In FY2015, Congress also provided over $5 billion in emergency funds for domestic and global efforts to contain the 2014-2015 West Africa Ebola outbreak (P.L. 113-235). Some unspent funds have been used to contain two Ebola outbreaks in DRC [Democratic Republic of Congo] since 2018."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Arieff, Alexis; Salaam-Blyther, Tiaji
2019-04-02
-
Ethics Guidance for the Public Health Containment of Serious Infectious Disease Outbreaks in Low-Income Settings: Lessons from Ebola
From the Executive Summary: "Regardless of geography, public health response to infectious disease outbreaks should be effective, fair, respectful and transparent. Too often, however, outbreaks are met with fear, discrimination, and interventions with limited evidence, raising ethical as well as public health concerns. This ethics guidance is intended to help navigate response challenges that arise particularly where resources are significantly constrained, where core public health functions generally are weak, where there are high levels of economic, social, or political inequities, and where outside personnel are often brought in to aid in the response."
Wellcome Trust (London, England); Johns Hopkins University Berman Institute of Bioethics
Kass, Nancy E.; Kahn, Jeffrey, 1971-; Buckland, Audrey . . .
2019-04
-
Eradicating Ebola: Lessons Learned and Medical Advancements, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, First Session, June 4, 2019
This is the June 4, 2019 hearing on "Eradicating Ebola: Lessons Learned and Medical Advancements," held before the U.S. House Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations of the Committee on Foreign Affairs. From the opening statement of Karen Bass: "So, today we are here to discuss the eradication of Ebola and some of the medical advancements and lessons learned in trying to suppress this deadly disease. Ebola is one of the deadliest viral diseases in the world and has become a part of the global health landscape." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Tim Ziemer and Robert Redfield.
United States. Government Publishing Office
2019
-
From 'Never Again' to the 'New Normal': What Does the 2018-2019 Ebola Outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Tell Us About the State of Global Epidemic and Pandemic Preparedness and Response?
From the Executive Summary: "The scale of the tragedy caused by the 2013-2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa exposed serious failings in the way the world prepares for, and responds to, health emergencies. In the wake of the crisis the UN system and a constellation of international organizations, national governments, and international NGOs [non-governmental organizations] embarked on several initiatives to reform key aspects of global epidemic preparedness and response, from financing to clinical research. 'Never again' was the collective refrain. And yet, in June 2019, a typical headline in the UK press read '"Terrifying" Ebola epidemic out of control in the Democratic Republic of the Congo'. [...] What has happened, why, and what do the answers to those questions tell us about the state of the world's preparedness for pandemic threats? Those are the three overarching questions posed by the Global Preparedness and Monitoring Board (GPMB), and which we set out to explore in this report."
World Health Organization
Konyndyk, Jeremy M.; Tam, Theresa; Matsoso, Malebona Precious . . .
2019
-
Hospitals Reported Improved Preparedness for Emerging Infectious Diseases After the Ebola Outbreak
"HHS [Health and Human Services] is the lead Federal agency responsible for medical support and coordination during public health emergencies. In 2014, the domestic outbreak of Ebola tested U.S. hospitals' ability to respond to a serious infectious disease. Very few hospitals received suspected or diagnosed cases of Ebola, but the disease's presence caused hospitals to assess and improve their preparedness for Ebola and other EIDs [Emerging Infectious Diseases]. HHS agencies took action to respond to the outbreak, including providing guidance to hospitals and revising requirements for hospital emergency preparedness. This study seeks to assess those efforts by describing the reflections of hospital administrators regarding the outbreak and the actions that hospitals have taken to improve readiness since 2014. This study builds on OIG's [Office of the Inspector General] body of work in emergency preparedness, which includes a prior study of hospital responses to a natural disaster."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of Inspector General
2018-10
-
Preparing U.S. Hospitals for Ebola [infographic]
"CDC [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] has developed a strategy to help healthcare facilities and state health officials prepare for patients with possible or confirmed Ebola. This strategy identifies which hospitals will provide different levels of care for patients being assessed and treated for Ebola."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2018-09-11
-
Ebola: Democratic Republic of Congo [July 25, 2018]
"In contrast to the 2014-2016 West Africa Ebola outbreak, the WHO response was swift. On the same day that the outbreak was reported, WHO released $2 million from its Contingency Fund for Emergencies (CFE), deployed a team to the region, and activated an emergency incident management system. WHO also issued a $57 million appeal to control the outbreak. The international community exceeded the request, having provided $63 million. The largest contributions were provided by Germany (€5 million), United Kingdom (£5 million), and the United States ($5.3 million). Other types of support included in-kind contributions for medical evacuations and intercountry air transport from Norway and the European Union, respectively; technical assistance from Germany, Guinea, the United Kingdom, and the United States; and the provision of vaccines to protect over 3,300 people."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Salaam-Blyther, Tiaji; Chavers, Monyai L.
2018-07-25
-
Ebola: Democratic Republic of Congo [June 12, 2018]
"On May 8, 2018, health officials from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) that two Ebola cases had been detected in the Equateur province, a rural area in the northwestern portion of the country. The disease has since spread to Mbandaka, a city that holds 1.2 million people and serves as a regional trade hub. As of June 10, 2018, WHO reported a total of 55 cases, including 28 deaths. Of these cases, 69% were confirmed through diagnostics. WHO asserts that 14 of these cases were probably Ebola, but could not collect laboratory specimens before the burial. This is the ninth Ebola outbreak in DRC since the disease was discovered in 1976, when an outbreak infected 318 people and killed 280 (Figure 1). WHO considers the public health risk of transmission to be very high at the national level due to the serious nature of the disease, insufficient epidemiological capacity, and delayed detection of the first case. At the global level, however, the risk is considered low. The outbreak appears to have been contained in the most populous areas and active transmission appears to be occurring only in rural areas."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Salaam-Blyther, Tiaji; Chavers, Monyai L.
2018-06-12
-
Ebola Recovery: USAID Has Initiated or Completed Most Projects, but a Complete Project Inventory is Still Needed for Evaluating Its Efforts, Report to Congressional Committees
"The 2014-2015 Ebola outbreak in West Africa caused long-term second-order impacts, including disruptions to health systems, job loss, and food insecurity. Congress appropriated about $2.5 billion for USAID (U.S. Agency for International Development) and the Department of State (State), in part, for international efforts to prevent, prepare for, and respond to an Ebola outbreak and mandated that the agencies report to congressional committees on the use of the funds. As of September 2017, USAID had allocated almost all of the appropriated Ebola funds. In 2016, USAID contracted for an evaluation of Ebola recovery activities."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2018-03-28
-
S. Hrg. 114-775: A Progress Report on the West Africa Ebola Epidemic, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Africa and Global Health Policy of the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred Fourteenth Congress, Second Session, April 7, 2016
This is the April 7, 2016 hearing titled "A Progress Report on the West Africa Ebola Epidemic" before the Senate Subcommittee on Africa and Global Health Policy. From the opening statement of Jeff Flake: "Today's hearing gives us an opportunity to examine West Africa's road to recovery from the deadly outbreak of Ebola that in--in 2004, that infected more than 28,000 people, took the lives of more than 11,000 individuals before the epidemic was brought under control. The epidemic decimated already weak healthcare systems in the three affected countries. It also has continued to wreak havoc on their economies, complicating recovery for governing institutions and hampering a return to normalcy for the citizens of those countries. There have been a number of so-called flareups of Ebola since the primary outbreak was brought under control, including one ongoing outbreak that has already claimed the lives of at least seven people. Now, the U.S. Government provided 5.4 billion in emergency appropriations at the end of 2014 to assist affected countries in their response. More than $2.5 billion of this funding falls under the oversight jurisdiction of this committee. Now, more than a million dollars of assistance remains unobligated, with some of it set to expire at the end of the fiscal year, and the remainder to be available until expended. This is a substantial amount of money." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Alan Knight, Raj Panjabi, Amanda Glassman, and Sophie Delaunay.
United States. Government Publishing Office
2018
-
Step Care for Ebola/Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Patients: Guidance for International Field Hospitals
"This document is intended to help organizations who want to provide care for Ebola virus disease (EVD)/viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) patients determine an appropriate level of medical care that they can provide and anticipate the supplies that may be needed. This guidance may be applicable to other diseases where dehydration and electrolyte imbalance are key contributors to mortality. [...] This guidance provides suggested levels of medical care, as well as potential necessary supplies for patient care using a tiered approach. It is not designed to be comprehensive, and the resources available in the affected country, as well as supply chain integrity, will affect supply decisions. It does not account for the resources needed to support team members and suspect or convalescent isolated patients, nor does it consider the communications, command, and coordination elements that are critical to a successful mission. This guidance also does not cover infection control; training; site layout, including intake/assessment, suspect case testing, patient care (which may be organized by levels), feeding areas, convalescent care, and visiting areas; behavioral health; or other issues necessary for a safe and successful mission. The care of specialized populations, such as pediatric or obstetric patients, may require different expertise and resources, as well as specific changes to clinical care."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response
2017-06
-
Ebola Response Improvement Plan: Progress Report
"In response to the 2014-2016 Ebola Epidemic, the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) asked a contractor to convene an outside expert panel to review the HHS Ebola response and provide recommendations on improving the Department's preparedness and response efforts. The expert panel released its findings in a report titled, 'Report of the Independent Panel on the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Ebola Response', in June 2016. Shortly thereafter, the Department released the 'U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Ebola Response Improvement Plan (ERIP)', outlining how the expert panel's findings and recommendations from the aforementioned report would be addressed. HHS Operating and Staff Divisions (Op/StaffDiv) have invested effort and made progress on each of the distinct corrective actions as described below. Responsible Op/StaffDivs are in brackets at the end of each corrective action, with the designated lead marked with bold font. Each corrective action is followed by a description of the HHS response to date. In addition, lessons learned from the Ebola virus outbreak response implemented in the HHS response to the 2016 Zika virus outbreak are highlighted in the appropriate sections. The Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response is pleased to provide this status report, outlining the progress toward addressing key recommendations made by the expert panel. In addition, the report provides a pathway for strengthening the planning and response to future outbreaks of Ebola virus and other emerging infectious diseases."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response
2017-01
-
Recommendations for Assessment of Blood Donor Eligibility, Donor Deferral and Blood Product Management in Response to Ebola Virus: Guidance for Industry
From the introduction: "We, FDA, are notifying you, blood establishments that collect blood and blood components for transfusion or further manufacture, including Source Plasma, that we have determined Ebola virus to be a transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI) under Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 630.3(l). We are also providing you with recommendations for assessing blood donor eligibility, donor deferral and blood product management in the event that an outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) with widespread transmission occurs in at least one country. This guidance document applies to Ebola virus (species Zaire ebolavirus). The recommendations in section III. of this guidance document apply to the routine collection of blood and blood components for transfusion or further manufacture, including Source Plasma. The collection of convalescent plasma from EVD survivors is addressed in section V. of this guidance document. This guidance finalizes the draft guidance entitled, 'Recommendations for Assessment of Blood Donor Suitability, Donor Deferral and Blood Product Management in Response to Ebola Virus,' dated December 2015."
United States. Food and Drug Administration; United States. Department of Health and Human Services
2017-01
