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'Confronting the Coronavirus: Perspectives on the COVID-19 Pandemic One Year Later', Testimony of Crystal R. Watson Before the United States House of Representatives, Committee on Homeland Security, One Hundred and Seventeenth Congress, First Session, February 24th, 2021
This is from the February 24, 2021 testimony of Crystal R. Watson on "Confronting the Coronavirus: Perspectives on the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Pandemic One Year Later," before the United States House of Representatives, Committee on Homeland Security. From the testimony: "I am a Senior Scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security and an Assistant Professor in the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. The opinions expressed herein are my own and do not necessarily reflect the views of The Johns Hopkins University. Today, I will provide comments on the status of the COVID-19 pandemic and the US government's response efforts to date, as well as the major successes and failures of the last year, and what we should look forward to, and prepare for in the coming weeks and months."
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security
Watson, Crystal R.
2021-02-24
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Resetting Our Response: Changes Needed in the US Approach to COVID-19
From the Introduction: "The impact of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic in the United States has been profound. Despite initial declines in cases in May 2020 following implementation of stringent stay-at-home orders, cases are resurging in most states. The number of deaths has been rising in many states, with hospitalization rates for COVID-19 now again matching or exceeding numbers seen at the peak in New York City in March and April. Hospitals are under pressure or approaching a crisis in many places around the country. This resurgence is stressing many sectors of society, from businesses to education to health care. Unlike many countries in the world, the United States is not currently on course to get control of this epidemic. [...] This brief report describes concrete policy actions at the federal, state, and local levels that are needed to get control of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Recommendations identify 'quarterbacks,' or responsible designees, to lead each policy action. However, leaders and stakeholders at all levels (federal, state, and local) will need to contribute commitment, technical expertise, insights, and funding to make the proposed actions possible."
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Center for Health Security
Rivers, Caitlin; Martin, Elena; Watson, Crystal R. . . .
2020
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Public Health Principles for a Phased Reopening During COVID-19: Guidance for Governors
From the Executive Summary: "This document provides an assessment of the risk of SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2] transmission in a variety of organizations and settings that have been closed. We outline steps to reduce potential transmission during the reopening of these organizations and settings, building on the proposed phased approach from the National Coronavirus Response: A Road Map to Reopening. Reopening businesses and other sectors represents one of many steps that will need to be taken to revitalize communities recovering from the pandemic, restore economic activity, and mitigate the unintended public health impact of the distancing measures that were necessary to confront the epidemic of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019]. A discussion of larger community-wide considerations for holistically enhancing recovery can be found in the Appendix."
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Rivers, Caitlin; Martin, Elena; Watson, Crystal R. . . .
2020-04-17
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Technologies to Address: Global Catastrophic Biological Risks
"Infectious disease emergencies can arise with little notice and have serious detrimental and lasting effects on health and society. In the past century, we have seen global emergencies like the 1918 influenza pandemic, which killed 50-100 million people; the emergence of the deadly SARS [severe acute respiratory syndrome] and MERS [Middle East respiratory syndrome] coronaviruses; and the 2013-2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa, which resulted in more than 28,000 cases and 11,000 deaths and had devastating impacts on that region, as just a few examples. As a subset of infectious disease emergencies, global catastrophic biological risk (GCBR) is a special category of risk involving biological agents--whether naturally emerging or reemerging, deliberately created and released, or laboratory-engineered and escaped--that could lead to sudden, extraordinary, widespread disaster beyond the collective capability of national and international organizations and the private sector to control. While rare, the risks of severe pandemics and GCB [global catastrophic biological] events are increasing because of factors like climate change, population growth and urbanization, and rapid affordable global travel. In addition, advances in biotechnology that enable easier and more targeted manipulation of biology increase the chances that microbes may be misused or will become the accidental cause of a pandemic. Yet, while biotechnology does pose some societal risk, investment in the technologies described here, and others, is also an important component in helping to safeguard the world from a devastating biological event. When applied thoughtfully, technology can improve our ability to recognize and address emerging biological problems."
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Watson, Crystal R.; Sell, Tara Kirk; Watson, Matthew . . .
2018
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COVID-19 and the US Criminal Justice System: Evidence for Public Health Measures to Reduce Risk
From the Introduction: "Since its recognition as a pandemic in early 2020, novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has touched nearly every corner of US society. However, some populations and environments have been affected far more severely than others. [...] This report, from scholars at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, is intended to summarize the current state and future projections of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, detail the impact that the pandemic has already had on the US criminal justice system, and provide evidence-based recommendations on how to reduce COVID-19 risks to people in the system. This document was requested by the National Commission on COVID-19 and the Criminal Justice System to inform their discussion and deliberation on this topic."
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Center for Health Security; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Center for Public Health and Human Rights
Watson, Crystal R.; Warmbrod, Lane; Cicero, Anita . . .
2020-10
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National Coronavirus Response: A Road Map to Reopening
From the Executive Summary: "This report provides a road map for navigating through the current COVID-19 [coronavirus disease] pandemic in the United States. It outlines specific directions for adapting our public-health strategy as we limit the epidemic spread of COVID-19 and are able to transition to new tools and approaches to prevent further spread of the disease. We outline the steps that can be taken as epidemic transmission is brought under control in different regions. These steps can transition to tools and approaches that target those with infection rather than mitigation tactics that target entire populations in regions where transmission is widespread and not controlled. We suggest measurable milestones for identifying when we can make these transitions and start reopening America for businesses and families. In each phase, we outline the steps that the federal government, working with the states and public-health and health care partners, should take to inform the response. This will take time, but planning for each phase should begin now so the infrastructure is in place when it is time to transition."
American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
Gottlieb, Scott; Rivers, Caitlin; McClellan, Mark B. . . .
2020-03-28
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COVID-19 Planning Guide and Self-Assessment for Higher Education
From the Toolkit Purpose: "This guide and accompanying risk assessment are designed to provide practical planning resources to help institutions gauge how effectively they are addressing a range of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] scenarios. It is intended to accommodate a wide range of institutions: public, private, large, small, comprehensive, specialized, urban, and rural. Each institution will need to develop and implement its own tailored approach to reopening in-person instruction. [...] This process begins with four guiding principles. [1] To successfully address the challenge of the COVID-19 pandemic, the first opportunity is to acknowledge that all major dimensions of higher education will benefit from being reimagined to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. [2] The health and safety of all members of the community are paramount. Special care and attention must be given to the needs of vulnerable populations. [3] The commitment to academic excellence must not wavier under these challenging circumstances. This commitment crosses all instructional modalities in-person, online, and hybrid instructional modes. [4] Equity and inclusion are critical components of institutional responses. The economic, health, academic, and operational challenges are immense. It is incumbent upon institutions to engineer responses that serve and support the entire community."
OpenSmartEdu
Graves, David; Watson, Crystal R.; Mullen, Lucia . . .
2020-06-12
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National Plan to Enable Comprehensive COVID-19 Case Finding and Contact Tracing in the US
From the Executive Summary: "To manage COVID-19 [coronavirus disease] epidemics going forward, communities in the United States need: (1) ready access to rapid diagnostic tests for all symptomatic cases or those with a reasonable suspicion of COVID-19 exposure; (2) widespread serological testing to understand underlying rates of infection and identify those who have developed immunity and could potentially return to work or school without fear of becoming infected; and (3) the ability to trace all contacts of reported cases. In order to trace all contacts, safely isolate the sick, and quarantine those exposed, we estimate that our public health workforce needs to add approximately 100,000 (paid or volunteer) contact tracers to assist with this large-scale effort. This workforce could be strategically deployed to areas of greatest need and managed through state and local public health agencies that are on the front lines of COVID-19 response. To do this, we also estimate that Congress will need to appropriate approximately $3.6 billion in emergency funding to state and territorial health departments. This plan outlines a vision for how to accomplish this goal, including ways that case identification and contact tracing capabilities can be greatly expanded; actions that the federal, state, and local governments and other organizations must take to stand up these capabilities as quickly as possible; and resources that will be needed to accomplish comprehensive case finding and contact tracing."
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (U.S.)
Watson, Crystal R.; Cicero, Anita; Blumenstock, James S. . . .
2020?
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