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Observations of PV Systems Post-Hurricane [presentation]
From the Background: "[1] Two Category 5 storms, Hurricanes Irma and Maria, damaged Saint Croix, Saint John, and Saint Thomas among other smaller islands. [...2] Estimated damages ~$7.5 billion. Generation fared well, but ~ 80-90% of the power transmission and distribution systems in the USVI {U.S. Virgin Islands] were damaged. [3] November 2017 estimates were in the range of $850 million in hurricane recovery funding to help 'rebuild a more resilient electrical system.'"
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (U.S.)
Hotchkiss, Eliza; Walker, Andy
2018-02-27
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Cybersecurity in Photovoltaic Plant Operations
From the Introduction: "Historically, the centralized power plants and vertically integrated utilities that comprised the electric grid had dedicated control systems and communications methods that allowed for remote operation and maintenance to occur without much regard or concern to cybersecurity risks. Photovoltaic (PV) systems, however, increasingly rely on common information technology (IT) computing and networking infrastructure as well as the Internet to perform all aspects of operation and maintenance, including but not limited to revenue metering, monitoring of condition, remote diagnostics, aggregation in virtual power plants, and control of grid support features such as curtailment and control of reactive power (Teymouri, Mehrizi-Sani, and Liu 2019). The transition of PV plant operations to an Internet-based world introduces many new security threats to the electric grid--including stealing or rerouting funds; denial of service; breaching confidential or proprietary information from a company, its customers, its suppliers; ransomware that denies operation of automated equipment for payment; and malicious control actions that could damage equipment and endanger personnel. Hackers intercept sensor control communications or use phishing and spoofing to obtain initial access and then use sophisticated means to escalate their access privileges for profit or to wreak havoc. Damage is not limited to interruption in operations or even plant equipment; it could extend to the electric grid, which was not originally designed for variable generation and bidirectional power flow. The sophistication and resources available to an attacker have also evolved to include advanced and persistent threats. [...] This paper examines cybersecurity from the perspective of the PV plant operator, compliance with adherence to standards, roles and responsibilities, best practices, and strategies to deal with an ever-evolving threat landscape."
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (U.S.)
Walker, Andy; Saleem, Danish; Desai, Jal . . .
2021-03
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Will Solar Panels Help When the Power Goes Out? Planning for PV Resilience
From the Introduction: "Resilience has far-reaching implications for every corner of the energy sector, but in the context of electricity, it most closely corresponds to the ability to continue generating and delivering electric power during periods of intense stress on energy systems. [...] Photovoltaic (PV) solar power systems in particular are often thought of as inherently resilient energy solutions due to their distributed nature and free, abundant fuel supply. PV systems can make major contributions to resilience, yet require careful design in order to operate when the grid is not functioning. The same extreme weather that causes grid-wide outages in the first place is also a serious threat to the constitution of distributed PV systems. [...] This document has been prepared to correct misconceptions regarding PV resilience and identify solutions for the most common barriers to PV resilience. It is based on technical reports and post-disaster experiences to share lessons learned, and is intended for a non-technical audience that may include decisionmakers, investors, procurers, and other stakeholders. Lessons are organized by components of PV resilience: hardware, siting, system design, and resilience by consumer class."
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (U.S.)
Belding, Scott; Walker, Andy; Watson, Andrea
2020-03
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