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Action to Safeguard Information Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction and Other Sensitive Documents Related to Homeland Security
At the request of the Assistant to the President and Chief of Staff, we have prepared this memorandum to provide guidance for reviewing Government information regarding weapons of mass destruction, as well as other information that could be misused to harm the security of our nation or threaten public safety. It is appropriate that all federal departments and agencies consider the need to safeguard such information on an ongoing basis and also upon receipt of any request for records containing such information that is made under the Freedom of Information Act. Consistent with existing law and policy, the appropriate steps for safeguarding such information will vary according to the sensitivity of the information involved and whether the information currently is classified.
United States. White House Office
2002-03-21
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Review and Consolidation of Business Management Systems for the Proposed Department of Homeland Security
On July 19th, OMB provided guidance to Department of Homeland Security (DHS) component agencies on preventing redundant IT infrastructure. That guidance recognized that an effective DHS requires high quality integrated common systems. The guidance also established the Homeland Security IT Investment Review Group as the executive review group for IT investments proposed by DHS component agencies. A similar opportunity for effectiveness and economy exists in the case of management systems for financial management, procurement, and human resources. Not only is consolidation possible, it has been used effectively in the recent past. In 1998, the Department of Interior's National Business Center consolidated payroll systems for Interior, the Social Security Administration, the Department of Education and many smaller agencies onto the Federal Personnel Payroll System. The result was a payroll system that worked better and cost 25 percent less. Currently, DHS component agencies all use different financial management systems, and lack a common automated system for either procurement or human resources.
United States. White House Office
2002-07-30
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What America's Users Spend on Illegal Drugs: 1988-1998
Since 1991, the Office of National Drug Control Policy has published a biennial report on expenditures by Americans on illegal drugs and on legal drugs used illegally. This version of that biennial report provides estimates of cocaine, heroin and marijuana consumption from 1988 through 1998 and projects estimates for 1999 through 2000. For the first time, it provides comparable estimates for methamphetamine. This version improves and updates estimates of the supply of cocaine to the United States, and for the first time, provides estimates of the supply of heroin to American consumers. Finally, this version reports improved and updated estimates of trends in the domestic price of cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine and marijuana.
United States. White House Office
2000-12
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Economic Costs of Drug Abuse in the United States: 1992-1998
This report was developed for The Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) which asked The Lewin Group to calculate more current estimates of the societal cost of drug abuse. In the context of this report, the phrase "drug abuse" is used to refer to consequences of using illicit drugs, as well as societal costs pertaining to the enforcement of drug laws. This study does not address costs related to abuse of or dependence on legal substances that may be termed drugs such as alcohol, tobacco, or prescription medications. The most recent previous estimates of drug abuse related costs are for 1995 as developed by Harwood et al. (1998). In addition to providing new estimates of the societal cost of drug abuse, this report provides annual estimates for 1992 through 1998 and projections for 1999 and 2000 that are consistently developed, so that trends in the overall societal cost and in component costs of drug abuse can be evaluated. Projections are only provided for 1999 and 2000, because there is a significant lag in the availability of the base data for estimating the component values. For the majority of components, the most recent data available is from 1998. The estimates have followed guidelines developed by the U.S. Public Health Service for cost-of illness studies. These guidelines have been applied in earlier studies of drug abuse in the U.S. (e.g., for 1992, 1985, 1980, and 1977), and to cost-of-illness studies for virtually all of the major medical problems. Accordingly, these estimates can be compared meaningfully to estimates for diseases, such as cancer, stroke, heart disease, diabetes, alcohol abuse and mental illness. The results of this study are summarized in five sections. The first section presents the overall estimates of the cost of drug abuse for 1992 through 1998 and projections for 1999 and 2000. Then, sections two through four demonstrate how the costs in each of the three major cost categories changed between 1992 and 2000. All of the three major cost categories contain costs related to crime. The fifth section below extracts the crime-related costs from each of the other major cost categories and summarizes them. Finally, the sixth section below provides a brief discussion of the study's results.
United States. White House Office
2001-09
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Office of National Drug Control Policy FY 2001- FY 2007 Strategic Plan
In accordance with the Government Performance Result Act (GPRA) requirements, this Plan documents the Office of National Drug Control Policy's (ONDCP's) long-range goals, strategies, and performance measures by which Congress and the public will hold it accountable and evaluate its success. This plan covers the period FY 2001 to FY 2007. This Plan states ONDCP's overall mission and goals and those of the four specific programs ONDCP manages. These goals strive to produce national as well as international outcomes. Because of this, their accomplishment requires the coordinated effort of numerous federal agencies, state and local governments, the private sector, society at large, and foreign governments. Clearly, no one agency or sector can achieve the goals of the National Drug Control Strategy (Strategy) and ONDCP's primary role is to guide the disparate efforts of numerous agencies by setting national drug control priorities and objectives. By law, ONDCP's principal purpose is to establish policies, priorities, and objectives for the United States' drug control program which are articulated in the Strategy. This policy-making and oversight role, however, consumes only a small proportion--less than ten percent--of ONDCP's annual budget. ONDCP applies well over 90 percent of its budget to the four drug control programs it directly manages.
United States. White House Office
2001-07
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National Electric Grid Security and Resilience Action Plan
"The 'Joint United States-Canada Electric Grid Security and Resilience Strategy' (Strategy) is a collaborative effort between the Federal Governments of the United States and Canada and is intended to strengthen the security and resilience of the U.S. and Canadian electric grid from all adversarial, technological, and natural hazards and threats. The Strategy, released concurrently with this 'National Electric Grid Security and Resilience Action Plan' (Action Plan), details bilateral goals to address the vulnerabilities of the respective and shared electric grid infrastructure of the United States and Canada, not only as an energy security concern, but for reasons of national security. The implementation of the Strategy requires continued action of a nationwide network of governments, departments and agencies (agencies), and private sector partners. This Action Plan details the activities, deliverables, and timelines that will be undertaken primarily by U.S. Federal agencies for the United States to make progress toward the Strategy's goals. The security and resilience of the integrated U.S. and Canadian electric grid is dynamic. New threats, hazards, and vulnerabilities emerge even as the two countries work to prevent, protect against, and mitigate their potential consequences and to improve their ability to respond to, and recover from, disruptive incidents. Secure and reliable electricity is essential for safe and continued operation of infrastructure owned by businesses, governments, schools, hospitals, and other organizations."
United States. White House Office
2016-12
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Supporting Innovation, Creativity & Enterprise: Charting a Path Ahead, U.S. Joint Strategic Plan on Intellectual Property Enforcement
"The Joint Strategic Plan is a forward-looking document, concentrating almost exclusively on the nature of the impediments to effective enforcement and how best to overcome these challenges during the plan's three-year term. The Joint Strategic Plan does not provide a summary of all the progress made in the fulfilment of intellectual property enforcement initiatives over the past few years. There have been numerous accomplishments and initiatives to observe: from increased seizure and enforcement statistics to high-profile arrests and convictions; to the posting of Intellectual Property Law Enforcement Coordinators (IPLECs) and Intellectual Property Attachés around the world; to the bipartisan passage and enactment of the Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016, Public Law 114-153 (May 11, 2016), to name a few. To learn more about these and many other important accomplishments, please refer to the Annual Report on Intellectual Property Enforcement issued by the Office of the Intellectual Property Enforcement Coordinator, and submitted to the Committee on the Judiciary and the Committee on Appropriations of the U.S. Senate, and the Committee on the Judiciary and the Committee on Appropriations of the U.S. House of Representatives, pursuant to Section 304 of the PRO-IP Act, 15 U.S.C. § 8814."
United States. White House Office
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Report on the Legal and Policy Frameworks Guiding the United States' Use of Military Force and Related National Security Operations
From the foreword by President Barack Obama: "Decisions regarding war and peace are among the most important any President faces. It is critical, therefore, that such decisions are made pursuant to a policy and legal framework that affords clear guidance internally, reduces the risk of an ill-considered decision, and enables the disclosure of as much information as possible to the public, consistent with national security and the proper functioning of the Government, so that an informed public can scrutinize our actions and hold us to account. [...] It describes, among other things, how my Administration has ensured that our uses of force overseas are supported by a solid domestic law framework and consistent with an international legal framework predicated on the concepts of sovereignty and self-defense embedded in the United Nations Charter. And it describes how the United States has applied rules, practices, and policies long used in traditional warfare to this new type of conflict. [...] In conjunction with the release of this report, I am issuing a Presidential Memorandum that encourages future Administrations to build on this report and carry forward the principles of transparency it represents. In particular, the memorandum states that the National Security Council staff shall be asked, as appropriate, to update the report at least on an annual basis and to arrange for the report to be released to the public."
United States. White House Office
2016-12
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Joint United States-Canada Electric Grid Security and Resilience Strategy
"This Joint United States-Canada Electric Grid Security and Resilience Strategy (Strategy) is a collaborative effort between the Federal Governments of the United States and Canada and is intended to strengthen the security and resilience of the U.S. and Canadian electric grid from all adversarial, technological, and natural hazards and threats. The Strategy addresses the vulnerabilities of the two countries' respective and shared electric grid infrastructure, not only as an energy security concern, but for reasons of national security. This joint Strategy relies on the existing strong bilateral collaboration between the United States and Canada, and reflects a joint commitment to enhance a shared approach to risk management for the electric grid. It also articulates a common vision of the future electric grid that depends on effective and expanded collaboration among those who own, operate, protect, and rely on the electric grid. Because the electric grid is complex, vital to the functioning of modern society, and dependent on other infrastructure for its function, the United States and Canada developed the Strategy under the shared principle that security and resilience require increasingly collaborative efforts and shared approaches to risk management."
United States. White House Office
2016-12
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Economic Report of the President, Together with the Annual Report of the Council of Economic Advisers
"Eight years ago when I took office, our economy was in crisis. We were just months into the worst recession since the Great Depression, with unemployment rising rapidly toward a peak of 10 percent. Nearly 800,000 Americans were losing their jobs each month, and home prices and the stock market had plummeted. The auto industry was on the verge of collapse. Many American families struggled to pay their bills, and millions had lost their homes. Faced with this crisis, my Administration acted quickly, taking steps to shore up the financial system; cut taxes for working families; invest in infrastructure, clean energy, and teacher jobs; help families refinance their homes; and rescue the auto industry. These actions stemmed the tide of the crisis and laid the foundation for a stronger economy over the long term. Today, thanks to the resilience of the American people, our economy has emerged as the strongest and most durable in the world. By nearly every economic measure, America is better off than when I took office. We are in the midst of the longest streak of job growth on record. U.S. businesses have added 15.6 million jobs since early 2010. The unemployment rate has been cut by more than half from its peak, falling much faster than economists expected. Rising home prices have brought millions of homeowners back above water, we are less reliant on foreign oil than we have been in nearly three decades, and we have cut our budget deficit by two-thirds as a share of the economy."
United States. White House Office
Obama, Barack; Council of Economic Advisers (U.S.)
2017-01
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Commission on Enhancing National Cybersecurity: Report on Securing and Growing the Digital Economy
"Recognizing the extraordinary benefit interconnected technologies bring to our digital economy-and equally mindful of the accompanying challenges posed by threats to the security of the cyber landscape-President Obama established this Commission on Enhancing National Cybersecurity. He directed the Commission to assess the state of our nation's cybersecurity, and he charged this group with developing actionable recommendations for securing the digital economy. The President asked that this enhanced cybersecurity be achieved while at the same time protecting privacy, ensuring public safety and economic and national security, and fostering the discovery and development of new technical solutions. [...] From these discussions, some firm conclusions emerged. Partnerships-between countries, between the national government and the states, between governments at all levels and the private sector-are a powerful tool for encouraging the technology, policies, and practices we need to secure and
grow the digital economy. The Commission asserts that the joint collaboration between the public and private sectors before, during, and after a cyber event must be strengthened. When it comes to cybersecurity, organizations cannot operate in isolation. Resilience must be a core component of any cybersecurity strategy; today's dynamic cyber threat environment demands a risk management approach for responding to and recovering from an attack."
United States. White House Office
2016-12-01
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Forensic Science in Criminal Courts: Ensuring Scientific Validity of Feature-Comparison Methods
"'Forensic science' has been defined as the application of scientific or technical practices to the recognition, collection, analysis, and interpretation of evidence for criminal and civil law or regulatory issues. Developments over the past two decades-including the exoneration of defendants who had been wrongfully convicted based in part on forensic-science evidence, a variety of studies of the scientific underpinnings of the forensic disciplines, reviews of expert testimony based on forensic findings, and scandals in state crime laboratories- have called increasing attention to the question of the validity and reliability of some important forms of forensic evidence and of testimony based upon them. A multi-year, Congressionally-mandated study of this issue released in 2009 by the National Research Council (Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward) was particularly critical of weaknesses in the scientific underpinnings of a number of the forensic disciplines routinely used in the criminal justice system. That report led to extensive discussion, inside and outside the Federal government, of a path forward, and ultimately to the establishment of two groups: the National Commission on Forensic Science hosted by the Department of Justice and the Organization for Scientific Area Committees for Forensic Science at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. […] This report aims to help close these gaps for the case of forensic 'feature-comparison' methods-that is, methods that attempt to determine whether an evidentiary sample (e.g., from a crime scene) is or is not associated with a potential 'source' sample (e.g., from a suspect), based on the presence of similar patterns, impressions, or other features in the sample and the source."
United States. White House Office
2016-09
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Strategy for Integrating Best Practices with New Science to Prevent Disease Transmission by Aedes Mosquito Vectors
"Zika is the latest-but likely not the last-of a series of microbial challenges to public health in the United States and across the globe. The Zika public-health emergency in the Americas first emerged in late 2015, with reports of elevated rates of microcephaly in newborn babies following Zika infection in mothers during pregnancy. The research community continues to evaluate the types, extent, rates, and factors contributing to the adverse outcomes that can occur following Zika infection, and to develop the necessary medical diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. One constant in many recent infectious disease outbreaks-including Zika, dengue, and chikungunya in the United States and its territories, and yellow fever in Africa-is transmission of the viruses by mosquito vectors, most often Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever mosquito, but possibly in some circumstances Ae. albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito. Humanity has successfully controlled mosquitoes in the past through rigorous interventions, but societies and environments have changed. Increasingly dense urban populations and waste produce more standing water in which mosquitoes can breed near housing, insecticide resistance and adaptive behaviors have reduced the effectiveness of standard vector-control practices, and there are higher community expectations for engagement and consultation on which strategies should be used to control these mosquitoes. […] Whether implementing old or new mosquito-vector-control techniques, community education and engagement on the acceptability of interventions remains critical; without community support that allows the use of such techniques, mosquito-vectored endemic disease and sporadic epidemics will continue to occur."
United States. White House Office
2016-12
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Incorporating Renewables Into the Electric Grid: Expanding Opportunities for Smart Markets and Energy Storage
"The cost of renewable energy has been quickly dropping and renewable energy generation has been rapidly growing in the United States, spurred by state and federal policies and technological advances. Moreover, projections going forward suggest ever increasing penetration of renewables into the electricity grid. The two most rapidly growing renewable energy sources, wind and solar, provide variable energy output that depends on the time of day, location, season, weather, and other factors. Integrating high levels of these renewables onto the grid will require a reimagining of the management of the grid. It will increase the demand for grid management services, opening up a new set of important opportunities for promising technologies and approaches. This report examines economic and technical considerations related to increasing integration of variable renewable energy resources onto the existing electric grid, which highlight the importance of emerging technologies and approaches in smart markets and energy storage that can help smooth this transition. Smart markets use new communications technologies to develop integrated approaches allowing for electricity demand to respond during times of high value. Energy storage technologies allow the temporary storage of electricity so it can be released during times of high value."
United States. White House Office
2016-06
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Transitioning from High-Activity Radioactive Sources to Non-Radioisotopic (Alternative) Technologies: A Best Practices Guide for Federal Agencies
"Radioactive sources commonly used in medical, research, and industrial applications in the United States and elsewhere pose a security concern due to their potential for use in radiological dispersal devices (dirty bombs) or radiological exposure devices. The U.S. Government is considering how to reduce this security risk by adopting non-radioisotopic alternatives. Though existing radioactive technologies have a proven record of reliability and effectiveness, some non-radioisotopic alternatives that have emerged in recent decades demonstrate marked improvement in reliability, operability, viability, and availability. In certain cases, these alternatives offer a means for permanently reducing risk and cost by minimizing storage and final disposition charges. In accordance with its charter, the interagency Working Group on Alternatives to High=Activity Radioactive Sources (GARS) developed this guide to provide Federal departments and agencies with background information and recommendations on best practices for transitioning to non-radioisotopic technologies in cases where those technologies meet users' technical, operations, and cost requirements. The guide focuses on transitioning to non-radioisotopic technologies in medical applications, but many of these best practices could be broadly applicable to other uses of high-activity radioactive source."
United States. White House Office
2016-12
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Arctic Research Plan FY2017-2021
"The United States is an Arctic nation--Americans depend on the Arctic for biodiversity and climate regulation and for natural resources. America's Arctic--Alaska--is at the forefront of rapid climate, environmental, and socio-economic changes that are testing the resilience and sustainability of communities and ecosystems. Research to increase fundamental understanding of these changes is needed to inform sound, science-based decision- and policy-making and to develop appropriate solutions for Alaska and the Arctic region as a whole. Created by an Act of Congress in 1984, and since 2010 a subcommittee of the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) in the Executive Office of the President, the Interagency Arctic Research Policy Committee (IARPC) plays a critical role in advancing scientific knowledge and understanding of the changing Arctic and its impacts far beyond the boundaries of the Arctic. Comprising 14 Federal agencies, offices, and departments, IARPC is responsible for the implementation of a 5-year Arctic Research Plan in consultation with the U.S. Arctic Research Commission, the Governor of the State of Alaska, residents of the Arctic, the private sector, and public interest groups."
United States. White House Office
2016-12
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Artificial Intelligence, Automation, and the Economy
"Accelerating artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities will enable automation of some tasks that have long required human labor. These transformations will open up new opportunities for individuals, the economy, and society, but they have the potential to disrupt the current livelihoods of millions of Americans. Whether AI leads to unemployment and increases in inequality over the long-run depends not only on the technology itself but also on the institutions and policies that are in place. This report examines the expected impact of AI-driven automation on the economy, and describes broad strategies that could increase the benefits of AI and mitigate its costs."
United States. White House Office
2016-12
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Climate Change and the Land Sector: Improving Measurement, Mitigation and Resilience of our Natural Resources
"Recognizing the need to address this challenge [of climate change], President Obama, in his 'Climate Action Plan,' instructed agencies to identify new approaches to protect and restore America's forests, grasslands, and wetlands, and promote sustainable and climate-smart land management practices. Federal programs implemented and strengthened through the Climate Action Plan are driving down greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, increasing carbon sinks, and preparing our country's natural resources and communities for the impacts of climate change. These programs are also improving the data and methods we use to measure and evaluate progress, while increasing our understanding of how land-sector emissions may change in the future. Due to the complex and ever-changing nature of land sector carbon sinks and emissions, as well as the uncertain trajectory of climate change impacts on our natural resources, effectively addressing climate change in the land sector presents unique challenges that require a coordinated, multi-faceted effort by the U.S. government and other partners. Accordingly, multiple agencies have been working together to ensure that annual land sector emissions and carbon sinks can be adequately tracked in the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (referred to hereinafter as the Inventory), and that improvements in the Inventory are used to improve projections of future potential emissions."
United States. White House Office
2015-12
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United States Mid-Century Strategy for Deep Decarbonization
From the Executive Summary: "Human activities, particularly CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion, have driven atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentration levels higher than at any time in at least 800,000 years (IPCC 2013). As a result, the Earth has warmed at an alarming rate over the past century, with average temperatures increasing by more than 0.8°C (1.5°F). The consequences are already severe. Heat waves and droughts are more common, wildfire seasons are longer and fires larger and more costly, and extreme weather is becoming more intense and unpredictable. Left unchecked, from 2000 to 2100, global average temperature increases of 2 to 5°C (3.6 to 9°F) and sea level rise of two to four feet are likely, and much larger increases are possible. Climate change will reduce long-run economic growth and jeopardize national security. With the adoption of the Paris Agreement in December 2015, the world took a decisive step toward avoiding the most dangerous impacts of climate change. The Paris Agreement aims to hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. Consistent with this objective, Parties aim to balance GHG emissions sources and sinks in the second half of this century or, in effect, achieve net-zero global GHG emissions. Countries have submitted near-term targets to address GHG emissions, called 'nationally determined contributions' or NDCs, and will review and extend these targets every five years. The Paris Agreement further invited countries to develop by 2020 'mid-century, long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategies.' This document answers that call, laying out a strategy to deeply decarbonize the U.S. economy by 2050."
United States. White House Office
2016-11
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Final Guidance for Federal Departments and Agencies on Consideration of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and the Effects of Climate Change in National Environmental Policy Act Reviews
"The Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) issues this guidance to assist Federal agencies in their consideration of the effects of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and climate change when evaluating proposed Federal actions in accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and the CEQ Regulations Implementing the Procedural Provisions of NEPA (CEQ Regulations). This guidance will facilitate compliance with existing NEPA requirements, thereby improving the efficiency and consistency of reviews of proposed Federal actions for agencies, decision makers, project proponents, and the public. The guidance provides Federal agencies a common approach for assessing their proposed actions, while recognizing each agency's unique circumstances and authorities."
United States. White House Office
2016-08-01
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Strategic Implementation Plan to Empower Local Partners to Prevent Violent Extremism in the United States
From the introduction: "In 2011, the United States adopted the Strategy for Empowering Local Partners to Prevent Violent Extremism in the United States (Strategy) and a corresponding Strategic Implementation Plan. Since publication, the mission to prevent violent extremism has progressed, and violent extremist threats have continued to evolve. The overall goal of the Strategy and United States Government efforts to implement it remains unchanged: to prevent violent extremists and their supporters from inspiring, radicalizing, financing, or recruiting individuals or groups in the United States to commit acts of violence. This updated Strategic Implementation Plan responds to the current dynamics of violent extremism and reflects experiences and knowledge acquired over the last five years. It replaces the 2011 Strategic Implementation Plan for Empowering Local Partners to Prevent Violent Extremism in the United States."
United States. White House Office
2016-10
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Preparing for the Future of Artificial Intelligence
"As a contribution toward preparing the United States for a future in which Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays a growing role, we survey the current state of AI, its existing and potential applications, and the questions that are raised for society and public policy by progress in AI. We also make recommendations for specific further actions by Federal agencies and other actors. A companion document called the 'National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Strategic Plan' lays out a strategic plan for Federally-funded research and development in AI."
United States. White House Office
2016-10-12
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National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Strategic Plan
From the Executive Summary: "Artificial intelligence (AI) is a transformative technology that holds promise for tremendous societal and economic benefit. AI has the potential to revolutionize how we live, work, learn, discover, and communicate. AI research can further our national priorities, including increased economic prosperity, improved educational opportunities and quality of life, and enhanced national and homeland security. Because of these potential benefits, the U.S. government has invested in AI research for many years. Yet, as with any significant technology in which the Federal government has interest, there are not only tremendous opportunities but also a number of considerations that must be taken into account in guiding the overall direction of Federally-funded R&D [Research and Development] in AI. On May 3, 2016,the Administration announced the formation of a new NSTC Subcommittee on Machine Learning and Artificial intelligence, to help coordinate Federal activity in AI. This Subcommittee, on June 15, 2016, directed the Subcommittee on Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) to create a National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Strategic Plan. A NITRD Task Force on Artificial Intelligence was then formed to define the Federal strategic priorities for AI R&D, with particular attention on areas that industry is unlikely to address. This 'National Artificial Intelligence R&D Strategic Plan' establishes a set of objectives for Federally- funded AI research, both research occurring within the government as well as Federally-funded research occurring outside of government, such as in academia. The ultimate goal of this research is to produce new AI knowledge and technologies that provide a range of positive benefits to society, while minimizing the negative impacts."
United States. White House Office
2016-10-13
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National Strategic Computing Initiative Strategic Plan
From the executive summary: "The National Strategic Computing Initiative (NSCI) is a whole-of-Nation effort to sustain and enhance U.S. leadership in high-performance computing (HPC). The NSCI seeks to accomplish five strategic objectives in a government collaboration with industry and academia: (1) accelerate the successful deployment and application of capable exascale computing; (2) ensure that new technologies support coherence in data analytics as well as simulation and modeling; (3) explore and accelerate new paths for future computing architectures and technologies, including digital computing and alternative computing paradigms; (4) holistically expand capabilities and capacity of a robust and enduring HPC ecosystem; and (5) establish an enduring public-private collaboration to ensure shared benefit across government, academia, and industry. [...] Realizing the vision of the NSCI will demand a fully developed HPC ecosystem that meets the needs of government, industry, and academia. Some aspects of that ecosystem have broad commercial drivers and will naturally evolve from the current semiconductor environment. This Strategic Plan (Plan) focuses on areas where government engagement is essential in creating the technological capability, computational foundations, and workforce capacity to realize the vision of the NSCI. The Plan identifies the roles assigned to Federal agencies, and highlights ongoing and planned activities that will contribute to NSCI's goals. The combination of broad commercial drivers and government action will not be sufficient to achieve the vision of the NSCI. The success of the NSCI depends upon development, commercialization, and deployment of new HPC technologies and infrastructure."
United States. White House Office
National Strategic Computing Initiative Executive Council
2016-07
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United States National Action Plan on Women, Peace, and Security [2016]
"The United States Government is deeply committed to the participation of women in advancing peace and security around the world. Consistent with this commitment, in December 2011, President Obama released the inaugural United States National Action Plan on Women, Peace, and Security (WPS)--a document that has helped chart a course for the United States Government to accelerate, institutionalize, and better coordinate efforts to advance women's inclusion in peace negotiations, peacebuilding activities, and conflict prevention and response; to protect women and girls from gender-based violence; and to ensure safe, equitable access to relief and recovery assistance in areas of conflict and insecurity. The 2016 updated United States National Action Plan on Women, Peace, and Security will help the United States Government continue building on this strong foundation."
United States. White House Office
2016-06
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Space Policy Directive 1: Reinvigorating America's Human Space Exploration Program
This directive is an amendment to Presidential Policy Directive-4. "Presidential Policy Directive-4 of June 28, 2010 (National Space Policy), is amended as follows: The paragraph beginning 'Set far-reaching exploration milestones' is deleted and replaced with the following: 'Lead an innovative and sustainable program of exploration with commercial and international partners to enable human expansion across the solar system and to bring back to Earth new knowledge and opportunities. Beginning with missions beyond low-Earth orbit, the United States will lead the return of humans to the Moon for long-term exploration and utilization, followed by human missions to Mars and other destinations;.'"
United States. White House Office
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2017-12-11
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Presidential Decision Directive 63: Critical Infrastructure Protection [Audio, Part 1]
This is part one of an audio recording of the text of Presidential Decision Directive 63. This Presidential Directive builds on the recommendations of the President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection. In October 1997 the Commission issued its report, calling for a national effort to assure the security of the United States' increasingly vulnerable and interconnected infrastructures, such as telecommunications, banking and finance, energy, transportation, and essential government services. Presidential Decision Directive 63 is the culmination of an intense, interagency effort to evaluate those recommendations and produce a workable and innovative framework for critical infrastructure protection.
United States. White House Office
1998-05-22
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Underestimated Cost of the Opioid Crisis
"The opioid drug problem has reached crisis levels in the United States--in 2015, over 33,000 Americans died of a drug overdose involving opioids. CEA [Council of Economic Advisers] finds that previous estimates of the economic cost of the opioid crisis greatly understate it by undervaluing the most important component of the loss--fatalities resulting from overdoses. This paper estimates the economic cost of these deaths using conventional economic estimates for valuing life routinely used by U.S. Federal agencies. It also adjusts for underreporting of opioids in overdose deaths, includes heroin-related fatalities, and incorporates nonfatal costs of opioid misuse. CEA estimates that in 2015, the economic cost of the opioid crisis was $504.0 billion, or 2.8 percent of GDP that year. This is over six times larger than the most recently estimated economic cost of the epidemic."
United States. White House Office
Council of Economic Advisers (U.S.)
2017-11
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Precision Medicine Initiative: Data Security Policy Principles and Framework
"The mission of the President's Precision Medicine Initiative (PMI) is to enable a new era of medicine through research, technology, and policies that empower patients, researchers, and providers to work together toward the development of individualized care. Building from the existing PMI Privacy and Trust Principles, this document offers security policy principles and a framework to guide decision-making by organizations conducting or participating in precision medicine activities. Recognizing that there is no 'one size fits all' approach to managing data security, this document provides a broad framework for protecting participants' data and resources in an appropriate and ethical manner that can be tailored to meet organization-specific requirements. This document is for the precision medicine community to use as the basis for their own data security needs. Data security is a constantly evolving field and new threats are identified every day. Over time, these principles and this framework will need to be updated to be responsive to changing circumstances and new threats."
United States. White House Office
2016-05-25
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Precision Medicine Initiative: Privacy and Trust Principles
"President Obama launched the Precision Medicine Initiative (PMI) in January 2015 to accelerate 'biomedical discoveries and provide clinicians with new tools, knowledge, and therapies to select which treatments will work best for which patients.' Precision medicine is enabling a new era of clinical care through research, technology, and policies that empower patients, researchers, and providers to work together toward development of individualized care. Advancing the science of medicine also calls for a change in the culture of medical practice and medical research to engage individuals as active collaborators - not just as patients or research subjects. As part of its commitment to ensure that privacy is built into the foundation of the Precision Medicine Initiative, the White House convened an interagency working group in March 2015 with the goal of developing the following Privacy and Trust Principles. The principles provide broad guidance for future PMI activities regarding: governance;
transparency; participant empowerment; respect for participant preferences; data sharing, access, and use; and data quality and integrity. The principles articulate a set of core values and responsible strategies for sustaining public trust and maximizing the benefits of precision medicine."
United States. White House Office
2015-11-09
