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Traveling Overseas with Mobile Phones, Laptops, PDAs, and Other Electronic Devices

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This short document contains tips from the National Counterintelligence Executive on traveling overseas with electronic devices. It contains general tips one should know, tips for before traveling, while away, and upon return. The tips are mostly related to securing your personal information and company intelligence.

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive
Laws and Leaks of Classified Intelligence, Consequences of Permissive Neglect

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The future of US intelligence effectiveness depends to a very significant degree on keeping its secrets about collection sources and methods and analytical techniques. When secrecy is breached, foreign targets of US intelligence---such as adversary countries and terrorists---learn about, and then often develop countermeasures to, US intelligence techniques and operations. As a result, the effectiveness of intelligence declines, to the detriment of the national security policymakers and war fighters, and the citizenry that it is meant to serve.

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

Bruce, James B.

2003-11-06
Annual Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection and Industrial Espionage [HSDL Holdings]

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This is a collection of Foreign Economic and Industrial Espionage reports from the Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive (ONIX) of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence. From the text: "The threat to the United States from foreign economic collection and industrial espionage is appraised in these annual reports to Congress. Compiled by the ONCIX, these threat assessments represent significant contributions from the Counterintelligence Community."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive
Fundamental Elements of the Counterintelligence Discipline: Universal Counterintelligence Core Competencies, Volume 1

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"Despite increased investment in counterintelligence (CI) training programs since 11 September 2001, there has been uneven emphasis across organizations and training programs with individual agencies focusing on their needs and culture. Inconsistency in content, quantity, and quality of training across the CI community persists through varied processes for developing training requirements and standards. The result is costly duplication of effort, uneven performance in the workplace, and significant unmet training requirements, particularly with regard to CI analysis and technology integration. Although some interagency training takes place, it does not approach the amount necessary in an environment that demands structured interoperability and communication, along with a workforce capable of effectively performing in that environment. In addition, little interdisciplinary training across CI specializations takes place, for example operations and analysis, creating additional barriers to effective communication and operations within the workplace. Training programs are limited primarily to initial skills training with a general lack of structured continuing education programs. Follow-on training tends to the ad hoc and/or on-thejob training with mentors of varying experience and qualifications. Contracted personnel rarely receive training unless it is specifically required in the contracting vehicle. As such, much training beyond the initial is at the individual's own initiative. This makes CI less attractive as a career and creates significant knowledge and performance issues/gaps within the workforce. This is in sharp contrast to the emphasis placed on training by our enemies."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2006-01
National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States of America, 2008

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"This National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States of America elaborates the fundamental responsibility for US intelligence to warn of and help prevent terrorist attacks against the homeland, engage other asymmetric threats, and provide reliable intelligence on traditional and enduring strategic issues. It also describes a way forward by which the counterintelligence organizations of the US government will engage elements in the public and private sectors to address the threat posed by the intelligence activities of foreign powers and groups and protect our nation's secrets and the means by which we obtain those secrets. The Strategy has been produced by the National Counterintelligence Executive, coordinated across the counterintelligence elements of the US government, and endorsed by the National Counterintelligence Policy Board. Approved by the President as required by Section 402a of Title 50 of the United States Code, the Strategy provides guidance for the conduct of the counterintelligence programs and activities of the US government. I am confident that when implemented, it will enhance the integration and effectiveness of the nation's counterintelligence elements, as Congress intended in the National Counterintelligence Enhancement Act of 2002."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2008
National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States of America, 2009

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"Strategy development is an ever-evolving and active process that ensures countries, institutions, and private industry look toward the future, provides direction, and sets appropriate goals and objectives. As the National Counterintelligence Executive (NCIX), I am charged with producing the National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States of America (Strategy) on an annual basis. This Strategy provides strategic direction and guidance for counterintelligence activities of the United States Government to include the Intelligence Community. Upon review of the Strategy, I have determined that the current mission and enterprise objectives are consistent with the 2009 National Intelligence Strategy (NIS), which for the first time, includes a mission objective for counterintelligence. The inclusion of the counterintelligence mission objective in the NIS reinforces the Director of National Intelligence's position that counterintelligence is a critical mission of the Intelligence Enterprise."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2009
Be Alert!

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In a world that increasingly measures national power and security in economic as well as military terms, US citizens traveling abroad continue to be the target of foreign intelligence collection activities. Many foreign governments and foreign businesses place a high priority on acquiring US Government and private industry - protected information (classified, sensitive, and proprietary). Although the Cold War has ended, the risk of becoming an intelligence target has increased. The threat you face as an official US Government traveler or as a representative of private industry is real. This pamphlet describes the nature of the foreign intelligence collection threat, provides basic steps you can take to mitigate the threat, and actions you should take to report suspicious incidents.

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive
Counterintelligence at the End of the 20th Century

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"There are two more years before the beginning of the 21st Century and, during this time, additional spies will undoubtedly be detected, arrested, or neutralized. Threats to our nations national security will continue unabated as the rest of the world looks at the United States as the 'great Satan,' the technology store to be robbed, the 'bullying big brother,' or a target to knock down to size. New technological advances in communications and information sharing will also create new difficulties for American counterintelligence to resolve. All of these developments indicate that US counterintelligence will continue to face threats to the national security in the future."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2001
DHS Information Bulletin - 'Potential Terrorist Use of Official Identification, Uniforms or Vehicles' - July 23, 2003

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"The following information is meant to advise the owners and operators of the nation's infrastructures about the possible use by terrorists of official identification, uniforms, or vehicles to gain access to sensitive facilities for purposes of planning or carrying out attacks. While DHS possesses no information indicating an organized effort by extremist elements in the United States to illegally obtain official identification, uniforms, or vehicles in furtherance of terrorist activities, it has identified the recent theft or disappearance of large numbers of these items. Attempts to acquire official identification, uniforms, or vehicles would be consistent with the tactics and techniques of Al-Qaeda and other extremist groups, according to a variety of reporting sources."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2003-07
Michelle Van Cleave, National Counterintelligence Executive, Remarks for Department of Defense Conference on Counterintelligence, San Diego, California, April 28, 2004

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In her remarks, Michelle Van Cleave shares some thoughts about the Nation's strategic counterintelligence mission. "Indeed, each of the major challenges confronting the nations security " defeating global terrorism, countering weapons of mass destruction, ensuring the security of the homeland, transforming defense capabilities, fostering cooperation with other global powers, promoting global economic growth -- has an embedded counterintelligence imperative. Specifically, terrorists and tyrants, foreign adversaries and economic competitors, engage in a range of intelligence activities directed against us in order to advance their interests and defeat U.S. objectives."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2004-04
Honorable Michelle Van Cleave, National Counterintelligence Executive, Remarks before the OPSEC Professionals Society, San Diego, Ca, May 24, 2005

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Michelle Van Cleave: "My subject this morning is U.S. counterintelligence, specifically the new National Counterintelligence Strategy, which President Bush recently approved, and its implications for you as security professionals."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2005-05
Personal Protection Measure Against the Terrorist Threat

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The message of this brochure is that through constant awareness you can protect yourself and your family from acts of terrorism. "This booklet will not ensure immunity against terrorism, but by practicing these techniques and proven security habits and becoming more knowledgeable of the threat, the possibility of becoming a terrorist target will be lessened. Through constant awareness you can protect yourself and your family from acts of terrorism."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2004-04
National Counterintelligence Executive: Statement by Honorable Michelle Van Cleave, National Counterintelligence Executive, on the President's Approval of the National Counterintelligence Strategy

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This document is a short statement regarding President Bush's approval of the National Counterintelligence Strategy. It discusses, in brief, what the strategy is and what the expectations are of the counterintelligence community in carrying out the President's strategy.

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive
Protecting Key Assets: A Corporate Counterintelligence Guide

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"A disturbing trend has developed in which foreign intelligence services, non-state actors, and criminals are using intelligence collection techniques against American companies to steal valuable trade secrets and assets. This activity can bankrupt a company by compromising years of costly research and development, weaken the U.S. economy, and threaten national security. According to the FBI, the cost to U.S. industry is tens of billions of dollars each year. Corporate boards and executive officers must understand the true threat their companies face. It is one that has evolved beyond the stage where information security, as one example, can simply be delegated to the security office or CIO [chief information officer] - it requires full executive engagement. With the tools available to economic spies, the American private sector is more vulnerable than ever."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive
Information Sharing and Protection: A Seamless Framework or Patchwork Quilt? Remarks of J. William Leonard, Director, Information Security Oversight Office (ISOO) at the National Classification Management Society's (NCMS) Annual Training Seminar, Salt Lake City, Utah, June 12, 2003

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Our Nation and its Government are, of course, profoundly different in a post-9/11 world. Our citizens' sense of vulnerability has increased, as have their expectations of the Federal Government to keep them safe. In each situation, information is crucial. On the one hand, Americans are concerned that information may be exploited by our country's adversaries to harm us. On the other hand, impediments to information sharing among Federal agencies and with state, local and private entities need to be overcome in the interests of homeland security. Even more so, the free flow of information is essential if citizens are to be informed and if they are to be successful in holding the Government and its leaders accountable. In many regards, the Federal Government is confronted with the twin imperatives of information sharing and information protection - two responsibilities that contain inherent tension but are not necessarily incompatible.

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

J. William Leonard

2003-06-12
Networked Information Systems: Protecting Against the Threat 2000

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The explosion in affordable computing power and the rapid expansion of interconnected, publicly accessible networks has dramatically altered the way sensitive personal, financial, or proprietary information is acquired, processed, distributed, shared, stored and retrieved. The advances that have made this possible have simultaniously increased the risk that this information may be compromised, manipulated, stolen, or lost. This has created a paradox. We now have the dilemma of choosing between the advantages of using networks, weighed against the probability of becoming a victim of cyber thieves. Although this paradox remains, the decision has already been astoundingly made in the favor of using the networks, and people have become dependent on these networks. This 14 page booklet regarding this issue was developed by the NACIC with this background in mind.

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2000
Your Passport to a Safe Trip Abroad

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This booklet was developed to help individuals avoid pitfalls while traveling overseas. It contains security reminders to assist individuals in planning for their trip; however, it isn't a substitute for a Defensive Travel Briefing that all affiliates who are traveling abroad are required to receive.

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive
Wireless Threat

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Wireless solves the access problem, enabling those with nefarious intentions to get into your system. Once inside, they can steal information, manipulate data, destroy data, or use your system to commit criminal acts. We worry about the insider threat, but achieving access via wireless means gives hostile individuals remote, or virtual, access, obviating the need to have a physical presence within your spaces. This document considers four areas that are related to the wireless threat: Local Area Nets [LANs], Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition [SCADA1] systems, a relatively new area, Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems, and Personal Digital Assistants [PDAs].

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2004-01
Annual Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection and Industrial Espionage, FY 2007

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This 2007 Annual Report to Congress "reviews the threat to US industry by foreign economic collection and industrial espionage and identifies trends such as the number and identity of foreign governments conducting industrial espionage, the industrial sectors and types of information and technology targeted by such espionage, and the methods used to conduct such espionage. As in previous years, this report covers a range of activities that fall under the rubric of 'industrial espionage,' which are directed at trade secrets. In this context, 'trade secrets' includes the following: all forms and types of financial, business, scientific, technical, economic, or engineering information, including patterns, plans, compilations, program devices, formulas, designs, prototypes, methods, techniques, processes, procedures, programs, or codes, whether tangible or intangible, and whether stored or unstored, compiled, or memorialized physically, electronically, graphically, photographically, or in writing if the owner (i.e., the person or entity in whom or in which rightful legal or equitable title to, or license in, is reposed) has taken reasonable measures to keep such information secret and the information derives independent economic value, actual, or potential from not being generally known to, and not being readily ascertainable through, proper means by the public."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2008-09-10
Report of the Security Clearance Oversight Group Consistent with Title III of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (Updated 2008)

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According to this report, "Government agencies are making significant progress determining security clearance eligibility as called for by the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (IRTPA). Current investigative and adjudicative timeliness for 80% of the requests for initial clearances is generally as called for by IRTPA: 90 days or less for investigations and 30 days or less for adjudications. However having investigative timeliness and adjudicative timeliness for initial clearances at the levels called for by IRTPA does not mean we are most assuredly granting security clearances as quickly as desired or called for. The average time to conduct the investigation had been about one year for Top Secret clearances and 5 to 6 months for Secret/Confidential, a totally unacceptable length of time." The report compares data from years 2004-2007.

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2007-02
Joel F. Brenner, National Counterintelligence Executive, Welcoming Comments, DNI-Private Sector Workshop on Emerging Technologies

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"We in the counterintelligence business are straining to peer over the horizon, to identify technologies that will disrupt the way we think and work and do business. And so, for a variety of reasons, are all of you. Each of you and the institutions you represent are jewels in the clockwork of American enterprise, intellect, and wealth. You succeed or fail depending on whether you anticipate the future better than the next guy. And so I welcome you to this public-private conference whose purpose is the invariability fallible but vital effort to think imaginatively about what lies around the corner, over the horizon, beyond tomorrow. And to think and talk together about the emerging technologies that will continue to erode our boundaries, accelerate change, and confound our ability to control them."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

Brenner, Joel F.

2006-12-07
Terms & Definitions of Interest for DoD Counterintelligence Professionals

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"This Glossary is designed to be a reference for counterintelligence (CI) professionals within the Department of Defense (DoD); however other CI professionals may find it of use. It provides a comprehensive compilation of unclassified terms that may be encountered when dealing with the dynamic discipline of counterintelligence and related activities. Where some words may several meanings within the counterintelligence or intelligence context, a variety of definitions are included. Definitions within this Glossary cite an original source document. The quotes selected, as well as the views and comments expressed in the shadow boxes are those of the editor and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense, the Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive, the Intelligence Community, the Office of National Intelligence, or the United States Government."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2014-07-01
Annual Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection and Industrial Espionage, FY 2008

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"This assessment is submitted in compliance with the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1995, Section 809(b), Public Law 103-359, which requires that the President annually provide to Congress updated information on the threat to US industry from foreign economic collection and industrial espionage. This report updates the Annual Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection and Industrial Espionage, 2007 with data from FY 2008. As in previous years, this report covers a range of activities-- under the rubric of industrial espionage--directed at trade secrets. In this context, trade secrets include financial, business, scientific, technical, economic, or engineering information."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2009-07-23
Foreign Spies Stealing US Economic Secrets in Cyberspace: Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection and Industrial Espionage, 2009-2011

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"Foreign economic collection and industrial espionage against the United States represent significant and growing threats to the nation's prosperity and security. Cyberspace--where most business activity and development of new ideas now takes place--amplifies these threats by making it possible for malicious actors, whether they are corrupted insiders or foreign intelligence services (FIS), to quickly steal and transfer massive quantities of data while remaining anonymous and hard to detect."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2011-10
National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States of America, 2007

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"The National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States of America elaborates the fundamental responsibility for US intelligence to warn of and help prevent terrorist attacks against the homeland, engage other asymmetric threats, and provide reliable intelligence on traditional and enduring strategic challenges."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2007-03
National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States, 2005

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"This document sets forth the national counterintelligence strategy of the United States in the context of our broad national security objectives and the foreign intelligence threats we face. The strategy draws upon the full range of counterintelligence capabilities including counterespionage, counter-deception, and offensive operations against hostile intelligence activities. Each of these national security tools must be strategically driven and employed to protect the United States from foreign threats, and to advance our national interests."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive

2005-03
Foreign Spies Stealing US Economic Secrets in Cyber Space: Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection and Industrial Espionage, 2009-2011

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"The threat to the United States from foreign economic collection and industrial espionage is appraised in these annual reports to Congress. Compiled by the ONCIX (Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive), these threat assessments represent significant contributions from the Counterintelligence Community. This assessment is submitted in compliance with the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1995, Section 809(b), Public Law 103-359, as amended, which requires that the President biennially submit to Congress updated information on the threat to US industry from foreign economic collection and industrial espionage. This report updates the 14th Annual Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection and Industrial Espionage, 2008 and draws primarily on data from 2009-2011."

United States. Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive; United States. Office of the Director of National Intelligence

2011-10