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• Fact Sheet: PCAST Report on Big Data and Privacy: A Technological Perspective

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  "Advances in information technology have led to many new ways to collect data, analyze, and use data in ever expanding volumes. Big data holds tremendous potential to benefit society and contribute to economic growth, yet it also presents new challenges related to individual privacy. In January, President Obama asked his Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) to analyze the technological dimension of this big data transformation and its significance for the future of privacy. In its report, PCAST examines what distinguishes big data from data at smaller scales, how the infrastructure for handling big data is evolving through services such as cloud computing, how approaches to analyzing big data are evolving and what insights they are yielding, the opportunities and limitations technology offers in protecting privacy, and what these and other technical factors imply for public policy. It discusses a number of domains (e.g. health care, education) that accumulate big data and explores ways it can be used."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2014-05-01
• Decision Memorandum: Decision on Delegation of Section 127 (f) of the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002

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  This memorandum written by John H. Marburger, Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) in regards to the Section 127 (f) waiver of the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002. More specifically, Director Marburger states the following: "in that Section of the Act, Congress authorized the President to waive the program if he determines that there exists 'an alternative and more effective prophylaxis or preventative measures for adverse thyroid conditions that may result from the release of radionuclides from the nuclear power plants. Under the Act, the Federal Government would provide KI (potassium iodide) to be distributed by state and local governments to populations living in a zone extending an additional 10 miles beyond the existing 10 mile emergency planning zone near nuclear power plants (NPP's), in which a KI distribution program already exists. [...] After a through review of the technical issues, and as explained in detail below, I have decided to invoke the Section 127 (f) waiver. I have determined that a more effective preventative measure does exist for the extended zone covered by the Act, namely avoidance of exposure altogether through evacuation of the potentially affected population and interdiction of contaminated food. Analysis of radiological release events that could lead to adverse thyroid conditions beyond the current 10 mile zone shows that such limiting or avoiding exposure to radiation through these mechanisms is practical and much more effective than the administration of KI in the proposed extended zone."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  Marburger, John H. (John Harmen)

  2008-01-22
• National Academy of Science Annual Meeting/Symposium on 'Science and Technology for Countering Terrorism'

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  This is a speech given by John H. Marburger, III, Director, Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) at the National Academy of Sciences' Annual Meeting on April 30, 2002. In his speech, Director Marburger talks about the usage of science and technology in order to counter this threat and the ways that the Bush Administration is using these resources in the war against terrorism.

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  Marburger, John H. (John Harmen)

  2002-10-21
• Keynote Address: The President's Carbon Intensity Reduction Initiative by John Marburger, Director, Office of Science and Technology Policy, Executive Office of the President, May 6, 2003

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  This is the Keynote address given by John Marburger, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) at the 2nd Annual Conference on Carbon Sequestration, which was held on May 6, 2003 in Alexandria, Virginia. In his address, Director Marburger describes "the Administration's approach to the stabilization of the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere." More specifically, he talks about the policies of the Bush Administration to help deal with the effects of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere.

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  Marburger, John H. (John Harmen)

  2003-05-06
• Speech by John Marburger, Director, Office of Science and Technology Policy, Executive Office of the President, Reflections on the Science and Policy of Energy and Climate Change, December 10, 2007

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  This document is the speech given by Director John Marburger, at the Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union on December 10, 2007. In his address, Director Marburger talks about the issues of energy and climate change and ways to confront these impending environmental issues.

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  Marburger, John H. (John Harmen)

  2007-12-10
• Keynote Address on National Preparedness by John Marburger, Director, Office of Science and Technology Policy, Executive Office of the President, October 20, 2003

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  This document is the keynote address given by John Marburger at the BioSecurity 2003 conference on October 20, 2003 in Washington D.C. In his address, Director Marburger talks about national preparedness and more specifically about biosecurity preparedness and response and the actions taken by the Bush Administration to respond to these types of threats on the homeland.

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  Marburger, John H. (John Harmen)

  2003-10-20
• National Plan for Research and Development in Support of Critical Infrastructure Protection

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  "Homeland Security Presidential Directive 7 (HSPD-7): Critical Infrastructure Identification, Prioritization, and Protection, released on, released on December 17, 2003, outlined the requirements for protecting the Nation's critical infrastructure. These critical infrastructures consist of the following sectors and key resources Agriculture and Food, Water, Public Health and Healthcare, Emergency Services, the Defense Industrial Base, Information Technology, Telecommunications, Energy, Transportation Systems, Banking and Finance, Chemical, Postal and Shipping, National Monuments and Icons, Dams, Government Facilities, Commercial Facilities, and Nuclear Reactors, Materials and Waste."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2004
• Statement of the Honorable John H. Marburger, III on Scientific Integrity in the Bush Administration, April 2, 2004

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  "President Bush believes policies should be made with the best and most complete information possible, and expects his Administration to conduct its business with integrity and in a way that fulfills that belief. I can attest from my personal experience and direct knowledge that this Administration is implementing the President's policy of strongly supporting science and applying the highest scientific standards in decision-making. The Administration's strong commitment to science is evidenced by impressive increases devoted to Federal research and development (R&D) budgets. With the President's FY 2005 budget request, total R&D investment during this Administration's first term will have increased 44 percent, to a record $132 billion in FY 2005, as compared to $91 billion in FY 2001. President Bush's FY 2005 budget request commits 13.5 percent of total discretionary outlays to R&D- the highest level in 37 years."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2004-04-02
• Science and Technology: A Foundation for Homeland Security

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  "Science and Technology: A Foundation for Homeland Security details the numerous accomplishments of science and technology that have helped to secure the homeland. This document builds upon the National Strategy for Homeland Security, released by the President on July 16, 2002, which set forth a sound framework to reduce America's vulnerability and to respond with improved agility and effectiveness to future terrorist attacks. Some key accomplishments highlighted in the document include: [1] Bolstering border security through the development and deployment of nuclear detection equipment along the U.S. border, airports, and seaports to detect, deter, and ultimately prevent the trafficking of nuclear and radioactive materials. [2] Providing an early warning system for bio-threats through Project BioWatch, a cooperative effort among the Department of Homeland Security, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Laboratory Response Network. [3] Speeding development and procurement of new medical countermeasures against current and future chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear terrorist threats through Project BioShield, an initiative signed into law by the President in July 2004."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2005-04
• Cybernation: The American Infrastructure in the Information Age

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  The infrastructure of the United States has historically been very reliable. For most Americans, infrastructure disruptions have been more a nuisance than a nightmare. However, nothing guarantees that future disruptions will be similarly limited in national impact as past disruptions. The importance of infrastructure services to the well being of the nation makes infrastructure reliability a public policy concern. Threats to reliability come from both natural and manmade sources. It is not practical to focus exclusively on any one reliability threat, as strategies to counter one threat can exacerbate vulnerabilities to another. A technical agenda for comprehensively addressing the reliability problem consists of three steps: (1) developing an analytical understanding of the existing reliability, vulnerability, and threat environment; (2) establishing a system engineering process which treats reliability as a primary parameter; and (3) fostering a commitment to vigilance and a process of continual learning to enhance reliability. Areas for increased public policy attention include: (1) Achieving consensus on the problem and approaches to solutions; (2) enhancing government/industry cooperation for identifying and characterizing reliability challenges; (3) focusing government and industry on the joint development of technical standards and methods to measure and certify reliability; 4) enhancing Federal/State government interaction to ensure consistent and appropriate attention is placed on infrastructure reliability; (5) defining the government research and development investment portfolio; (6) working with other countries to develop compatible international legal regimes in cyberspace; and (7) clarifying missions, responsibilities, and authorities of Federal Departments and Agencies in cyberspace.

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  Gibbons, John H.

  1998-01-07
• U.S. National Space Policy

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  "The President authorized a new national space policy on August 31, 2006 that establishes overarching national policy that governs the conduct of U.S. space activities. This policy supersedes Presidential Decision Directive/NSC-49/NSTC-8, National Space Policy, dated September 14, 1996. [...] Freedom of action in space is as important to the United States as air power and sea power. In order to increase knowledge, discovery, economic prosperity, and to enhance the national security, the United States must have robust, effective, and efficient space capabilities."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2006-08-31
• National Aeronautics Research and Development Policy

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  "The overarching goal of the Policy is to advance U.S. technological leadership in aeronautics by fostering a vibrant and dynamic aeronautics research and development (R&D) community that includes government, industry, and academia." The Policy's Principles are bullet points within the 13 page document: "Mobility through the air is vital to economic stability, growth, and security as a nation; Aviation is vital to national security and homeland defense; Aviation safety is paramount; Security of and within the aeronautics enterprise must be maintained; The United States should continue to possess, rely on, and develop its world-class aeronautics workforce; Assuring energy availability and efficiency is central to the growth of the aeronautics enterprise; The environment must be protected while sustaining growth in air transportation."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2006-12-20
• National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) [Obama Administration White House Archives]

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  This is the archived version of the Obama Administrations webpage on the National Science and Technology Council. "The work of the NSTC is organized under four primary committees; Science, Technology, Environment and Natural Resources and Homeland and National Security. Each of these committees oversees subcommittees and working groups focused on different aspects of science and technology and working to coordinate across the federal government."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy
• Achieving and Sustaining Earth Observations: A Preliminary Plan Based on a Strategic Assessment by the U.S. Group on Earth Observations

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  "The combination of population growth, climate change, resource demand, and the continuing development of coastal and built areas creates significant challenges for the Nation. To meet these challenges, there is a need for information about the Earth system and how it is changing over time. A robust infrastructure of Earth observations is necessary to support the Nation's need to inform decisions and policy. Additionally, in this ever more global society, information and understanding derived from Earth observations are important in sustaining the U.S. role in global leadership. The U.S. Government recognizes that a coordinated approach is needed to sustain and build on the current set of Earth observations. Beyond coordination, there is a need for a continued national commitment to ensure that Earth observations, like other critical infrastructure, are maintained and continued. […] Global climate change presents us with a complex and inextricably-linked mix of environmental, economic, security, and political issues for all nations on the planet. It is a long-term, century-to-millennial problem, the outcomes of which directly depend on the soundness of decisions being made today. Climate change is most clearly defined at the global scale. However, society faces greater challenges in characterizing, understanding, and predicting its impacts at the scale of local communities and individuals. Decisions being made over such an unprecedented range of temporal and geographic scales, and affecting all human activity, must rest on the bedrock of accurate scientific information. This information must be derived from comprehensive, coordinated, and sustained observations of the Earth system in order to characterize the impacts of climate change, and inform our plans for adaptation and mitigation."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2010-09
• Fact Sheet: White House Innovation for Disaster Response and Recovery Demo Day, July 29, 2014

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  This White House Office of Science and Technology Policy Fact Sheet addresses the Innovation for Disaster Response and Recovery Demo Day. "The White House Innovation for Disaster Response and Recovery Initiative was launched by the Administration in the wake of Hurricane Sandy to find the most effective ways technology can empower survivors; first responders; and local, state, tribal, territorial, and Federal governments with critical information and resources. To help address the challenges that severe weather and other disasters can pose to our communities, today the White House is hosting the Innovation for Disaster Response and Recovery Initiative Demo Day. This event brings together technologists, entrepreneurs, and members of the disaster response community to showcase tools that will make a tangible impact in the lives of survivors of large-scale emergencies. Building on the innovations highlighted as part of the President's Hurricane Briefing in May 2014, these innovations aim to enable, empower, and strengthen these survivors and their communities in the wake of a disaster."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2014-07-29
• Fact Sheet: New Actions to Enhance National Space-Weather Preparedness

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  "Space-weather events are naturally occurring phenomena in the space environment that have the potential to disrupt technologies and systems in space and on Earth. These phenomena can affect satellite and airline operations, communications networks, navigation systems, the electric power grid, and other technologies and infrastructures critical to the daily functioning, economic vitality, and security of our Nation. That's why today, the Administration is releasing a 'National Space Weather Strategy' and 'National Space Weather Action Plan' and announcing new commitments from the Federal and non-Federal sectors to enhance national preparedness for space-weather events."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2015-10-29
• Summary of the 2018 White House Summit on Artificial Intelligence for American Industry

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  "Artificial intelligence (AI) has tremendous potential to benefit the American people, and has already demonstrated immense value in enhancing our national security and growing our economy. AI is quickly transforming American life and American business, improving how we diagnose and treat illnesses, grow our food, manufacture and deliver new products, manage our finances, power our homes, and travel from point A to point B. On May 10, 2018, the White House hosted the Artificial Intelligence for American Industry summit, to discuss the promise of AI and the policies we will need to realize that promise for the American people and maintain U.S. leadership in the age of artificial intelligence. [...] The summit brought together over 100 senior government officials, technical experts from top academic institutions, heads of industrial research labs, and American business leaders who are adopting AI technologies to benefit their customers, workers, and shareholders. Summit attendees had the opportunity to participate in two sets of breakout sessions, focused on cross-cutting issues such as AI research & development (R&D), workforce development, regulatory barriers to AI innovation, and sector-specific applications of AI. Industry sectors represented at the summit included food and agriculture, energy and manufacturing, financial services, healthcare, and transportation and logistics. During the breakouts, Federal participants had the opportunity to hear firsthand about the latest technological breakthroughs and innovative applications of AI across these sectors."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2018-05-10
• Research Infrastructure in the President's 2014 Budget: A Report to Congress on Federal Investments in Research Facilities Construction and Major Research Instrumentation

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  "The President's 2014 Budget proposes to invest $3.2 billion in research infrastructure, defined as support for research and development (R&D) facilities construction, renovation, and the purchase of major capital equipment for R&D. The Committee on Science of the National Science and Technology Council is monitoring the progress of research facilities construction and maintenance as well as procurement of major instrumentation. The Committee's work is informed by the results of the National Science Foundation's survey of science and engineering facilities at academic institutions, last conducted in fiscal year (FY) 2011 and released in early 2013, which provides a comprehensive national assessment of academic research infrastructure. The Committee's work will also be informed by ongoing dialogue between Federal agencies on the state of research infrastructure in Federal intramural and contractor-operated facilities."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2013-05
• Interagency Ocean Science and Technology Priorities for FY 2011

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  "This memorandum summarizes the priorities for FY2011, developed by the JSOST [Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology], including near-term priorities and infrastructure priorities. These are designed to advance work in support of the six societal themes of Charting the Course for Ocean Science: 1) Stewardship of Natural and Cultural Ocean Resources, 2) Increasing Resilience to Natural Hazards, 3) Enabling Marine Operations, 4) The Ocean's Role in Climate, 5) Improving Ecosystem Health, and 6) Enhancing Human Health. Appendix A describes these six societal themes and accounts for changes within them since Charting the Course for Ocean Science was published in January 2007. It is the intent of the JSOST to regularly revisit the priorities and update them as necessary as measured against metrics for success and completion."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  Holdren, John P.

  2009-09-25
• Cyberspace Policy Review: Assuring a Trusted and Resilient Information and Communications Infrastructure

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  "The President directed a 60-day, comprehensive, 'clean-slate' review to assess U.S. policies and structures for cybersecurity. Cybersecurity policy includes strategy, policy, and standards regarding the security of and operations in cyberspace, and encompasses the full range of threat reduction, vulnerability reduction, deterrence, international engagement, incident response, resiliency, and recovery policies and activities, including computer network operations, information assurance, law enforcement, diplomacy, military, and intelligence missions as they relate to the security and stability of the global information and communications infrastructure. The scope does not include other information and communications policy unrelated to national security or securing the infrastructure. The review team of government cybersecurity experts engaged and received input from a broad cross-section of industry, academia, the civil liberties and privacy communities, State governments, international partners, and the Legislative and Executive Branches. This paper summarizes the review team's conclusions and outlines the beginning of the way forward towards a reliable, resilient, trustworthy digital infrastructure for the future."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2009?
• Interagency Report on Orbital Debris, 1995

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  "The use and exploration of space is vital to our civil, national security, and commercial interests. As the United States and other spacefaring nations continue to open the frontier of space, we must focus on new and better ways to monitor the current orbital debris environment and reduce debris levels in the future. During the past year, the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), through the Committee on Transportation Research and Development, undertook an interagency review of the U.S. government's 1989 'Interagency Report on Orbital Debris.' As part of this process, the interagency review team also considered the results of the National Research Council orbital debris technical assessment study sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This 1995 report updates the findings and recommendations of the 1989 report and reflects our progress in understanding and managing the orbital debris environment. It provides an up-to-date portrait of our measurement, modeling, and mitigation efforts; and a set of recommendations outlining specific steps we should pursue, both domestically and internationally, to minimize the potential hazards posed by orbital debris."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  1995-11
• Strategy for American Innovation

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  "America has long been a nation of innovators. The United States is the birthplace of the Internet, which today connects three billion people around the world. American scientists and engineers sequenced the human genome, invented the semiconductor, and sent humankind to the moon. And America is not done yet. For an advanced economy such as the United States, innovation is a wellspring of economic growth. While many countries can grow by adopting existing technologies and business practices, America must continually innovate because our workers and firms are often operating at the technological frontier. Innovation is also a powerful tool for addressing our most pressing challenges as a nation, such as enabling more Americans to lead longer, healthier lives, and accelerating the transition to a low-carbon economy. Last year, U.S. businesses created jobs faster than at any time since the 1990s. Now is the time to renew our commitment to innovation to drive economic growth and shared prosperity for decades to come. Now is the time for the Federal Government to make the seed investments that will enable the private sector to create the industries and jobs of the future, and to ensure that all Americans are benefiting from the innovation economy."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy; United States. Executive Office of the President

  2015-10
• FY2020 Federal Cybersecurity R&D Strategic Plan Implementation Roadmap, Appendix to the Networking & Information, Technology Research & Development Program, Supplement to the President's FY2020 Budget

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  From the Document: "This document provides FY2020 implementation details for the '2016 Federal Cybersecurity Research and Development Strategic Plan,' developed by the Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) Program's Cyber Security and Information Assurance (CSIA) Interagency Working Group (IWG). This Strategic Plan Implementation Roadmap is provided per statutory requirement for public provision of this information pursuant to the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014, Public Law 113-274, Section 201(a)(2)(D), Implementation Roadmap, and under direction from the NITRD Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology Council Committee on Science and Technology Enterprise. This document accompanies the 'NITRD Supplement to the President's FY2020 Budget.'"

  United States. Executive Office of the President; United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2019-09
• FY2019 Federal Cybersecurity R&D Strategic Plan Implementation Roadmap, Appendix to the Networking & Information, Technology Research & Development Program, Supplement to the President's FY2019 Budget

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  From the Document: "This document provides FY2019 implementation details for the '2016 Federal Cybersecurity Research and Development Strategic Plan,' developed by the Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) Program's Cyber Security and Information Assurance (CSIA) Interagency Working Group (IWG). This Strategic Plan Implementation Roadmap is provided per statutory requirement for public provision of this information pursuant to the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014, Public Law 113-274, Section 201(a)(2)(D), Implementation Roadmap, and under direction from the NITRD Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology Council Committee on Science and Technology Enterprise. This document accompanies the 'NITRD Supplement to the President's FY2019 Budget.'"

  United States. Executive Office of the President; United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2018-08
• Strategy for American Innovation: Driving Towards Sustainable Growth and Quality Jobs

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  This paper focuses on "a modern, practical approach recognizes both the need for government to lay the foundations for innovation [...] President Obama has taken historic steps to lay the foundation for the innovation economy of the future. The Obama Innovation Strategy builds on well over $100 billion of Recovery Act funds that support innovation, additional support for education, infrastructure and others in the Recovery Act and the President's Budget, and novel regulatory and executive order initiatives. It seeks to harness the inherent ingenuity of the American people and a dynamic private sector to ensure that the next expansion is more solid, broad-based, and beneficial than previous ones. It focuses on critical areas where sensible, balanced government policies can lay the foundation for innovation that leads to quality jobs and shared prosperity. It has three parts: Invest in the building blocks of American innovation; Promote competitive markets that spur productive entrepreneurship; [and] Catalyze breakthroughs for national priorities."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy; United States. Executive Office of the President

  2009-09
• Four Years of Broadband Growth

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  "Broadband access is an essential part of our economy. Given the reliance of so many American businesses and families on this basic technology, it's easy to overlook that just 15 years ago broadband barely existed for consumers. To create jobs and grow wages at home, and to compete in the global information economy, the delivery of fast, affordable and reliable broadband service to all corners of the United States must be a national imperative. The build-out of broadband infrastructure itself is a major driver of American investment and job creation, but even more significant are the ways that connectivity is transforming a range of industries, from education to entertainment to agriculture to travel. High-speed wired and wireless networks place the United States at the center of a digital economy that is one of the brightest parts of our short-term recovery and long-term competitiveness. This report highlights (1) the status of broadband development in the United States in 2013, including both progress made in achieving greater availability to broadband as well as the significant remaining challenges of timely and affordable deployment of broadband to all Americans; (2) several important contributions of the Obama Administration over the last four years that have accelerated the growth of broadband technology; and (3) two key opportunities for further action."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy; National Economic Council (U.S.); United States. White House Office

  2013-06
• National Plan for Civil Earth Observations

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  "The U.S. Government is the largest provider of environmental and Earth-system data in the world. These data are derived from observations of the Earth, which are used by Federal agencies and their partners to carry out their missions. These data form the foundation of services that protect human life, property, the economy, and national security, and they support research to foster scientific advances. Provided through public funding, they are made open to the greatest extent possible to advance human knowledge, to enable private industry to provide value-added services, and for general public use. […] This document, the National Plan for Civil Earth Observations (hereafter referred to as the National Plan), incorporates the priorities identified in the EOA [Earth-Observation Assessment] to provide strategic guidance for a balanced portfolio approach to managing civil Earth observations to fulfill agency mandates and achieve national objectives. As required by law, this National Plan will be updated every three years to provide greater coordination of Federal civil Earth-observation systems."

  United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy; United States. Executive Office of the President

  2014-07
• Science & Technology Highlights in the First Year of the Trump Administration

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  "Since President Trump's inauguration, the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) has built a robust team of over 50 staff members, including a corps of scientists and engineers, policymakers, and academics to advise the President on science and technology (S&T), support the President's agenda, and ensure that S&T efforts across the Executive Branch are effectively coordinated. OSTP policy advisors are providing expert advice and developing policies on a wide range of topics, including advanced manufacturing, artificial intelligence, autonomous systems, biotechnology, cybersecurity, digital economy, disaster preparedness, healthcare, infectious diseases, information technology, medicine, nano-technology, nuclear energy, ocean science, quantum information sciences, space and aeronautics, and telecommunications, among others. The Trump Administration is committed to advancing technological development and conducting re-search and development (R&D) to ensure national security, grow the economy, create well-paying jobs, and improve the lives of Americans across this great nation. Over the past year, OSTP has led coordinated Administration efforts to promote emerging technologies, empower Americans to innovate, and defend American technologies abroad."

  United States. Executive Office of the President; United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy

  2018-03-07?