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Presidential Policy Directive/PPD-8: Working Draft-National Prevention Framework, Review Package
"The National Prevention Framework (Framework) describes what the whole community-- from observant citizens to senior leaders in government--must do upon discovery of intelligence or information regarding an imminent threat to the homeland in order to thwart an initial or follow-on terrorist attack. Presidential Policy Directive 8 (PPD-8) was designed to establish a capability-based level of national preparedness against all threats and hazards from prevention through recovery. PPD-8 directs 'systematic preparation for the threats that pose the greatest risk to the security of the Nation, including acts of terrorism, cyber attacks, pandemics, and catastrophic natural disasters.' In particular, PPD-8 directs the development of a National Prevention Framework to prevent 'imminent' terrorist attacks on U.S. soil. The Framework helps achieve the National Preparedness Goal of a secure and resilient Nation that is optimally prepared to prevent an imminent terrorist attack within the United States. This Framework applies to leaders and practitioners at all levels of government; private- and non-profit sector partners; and individuals. The Framework will benefit the whole community by: 1) Providing guidance to prevent, avoid, or stop a threatened or actual act of terrorism. 2) Aligning key roles and responsibilities to deliver Prevention capabilities in time-sensitive situations. 3) Describing coordinating structures that enable all stakeholders to work together. 4) Laying the foundation for further operational coordination and planning that will synchronize Prevention efforts within the whole community and across the protection, mitigation, response, and recovery focus areas."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA Independent Study Program: IS-331 Introduction to Radiological Emergency Preparedness (REP) Exercise Evaluation
"This course introduces the student to the basic concepts and terminology of the offsite emergency preparedness program for commercial nuclear power plants. It provides an introduction to the program's exercise evaluation regulations, philosophy, and methodology. […] The pre-exercise, exercise, and post-exercise role and responsibilities of the evaluator are covered in depth. The majority of the course is devoted to the six evaluation areas: [1] Emergency Operations Management [2] Protective Action Decision-making [3] Protective Action Implementation [4] Field Measurement and Analysis [5] Emergency Notification and Public Information [6] Support Operations/Facilities[.]"
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA Independent Study Program: IS-346 An Orientation to Hazardous Materials for Medical Personnel
"Hospital emergency department personnel face many risks and difficult tasks when dealing with patients involved in hazardous materials incidents. Therefore, it is essential that all personnel who come in contact with patients have a general awareness of the issues and concerns when dealing with hazardous materials incidents. This course is designed to prepare hospital personnel to analyze hazardous materials situations, take the necessary steps to assure medical provider safety, and identify appropriate resources for decontamination and medical care. However, additional training is required in order to diagnose and treat patients who have been involved in hazardous materials incidents. This course alone does not fulfill all of OSHA's [Occupational Safety and Health Administration] requirements for hazardous materials training at the awareness level."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA Independent Study Program: IS-5.A: An Introduction to Hazardous Materials
"This Independent Study course is intended to provide a general introduction to hazardous materials that can serve as a foundation for more specific studies in the future. The course has five Units which are outlined below. No prior knowledge of the subject is required or assumed. […]. The five Units are: Unit 1: Health and Environmental Regulations. This Unit explains the roles of Federal, State, Tribal and local governments in reducing hazardous materials risks, and reviews the key provisions of critical Federal legislation; Unit 2: Hazardous Materials Identification Systems. This Unit discusses the two major hazardous materials identification systems currently being used in the United States. It also outlines how communities should be able to recognize a terrorist use of toxic industrial chemicals as Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD); Unit 3: Identifying Hazardous Materials. This Unit provides an overview of locations in which these materials are commonly found and discusses ways of determining what particular chemicals, with what health effects, exist in these locations; Unit 4: Hazardous Materials and Human Health. This Unit introduces many of the basic terms used to discuss hazardous materials problems, and explain how hazardous materials enter and move through the body and the environment; Unit 5: Preparing for Hazardous Materials Incidents. This Unit explains what local communities can do to increase their emergency preparedness to respond to hazardous materials incidents of any size. It also identifies steps individuals can take to protect themselves during a hazardous materials release."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA: Hazard Mitigation Grant Program [website]
"The Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) provides grants to States and local governments to implement long-term hazard mitigation measures after a major disaster declaration. The purpose of the HMGP is to reduce the loss of life and property due to natural disasters and to enable mitigation measures to be implemented during the immediate recovery from a disaster. The HMGP is authorized under Section 404 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA: National Flood Insurance Program [website]
"The Flood Insurance and Mitigation Administration (FIMA), a component of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), manages the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). … Nearly 20,000 communities across the United States and its territories participate in the NFIP by adopting and enforcing floodplain management ordinances to reduce future flood damage. In exchange, the NFIP makes Federally backed flood insurance available to homeowners, renters, and business owners in these communities. Community participation in the NFIP is voluntary."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA Map Service Center [website]
The FEMA Map Service Center is a store that makes various flood maps available to homeowners/renters, real estate/flood determination agents, insurance agents, engineers/surveyors, and federal/exempt customers. Maps are searchable by product type (public flood map, digital flood data), and users can locate a particular flood map product by using the interactive map interface, or by using the address or a pair of latitude-longitude coordinates.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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National Disaster Recovery Framework [website]
"The Recovery Support Functions (RSFs) comprise the National Disaster Recovery Framework's (NDRF's) coordinating structure for key functional areas of assistance. Their purpose is to support local governments by facilitating problem solving, improving access to resources and by fostering coordination among State and Federal agencies, nongovernmental partners and stakeholders. The Recovery Support Functions created within the National Disaster Recovery Framework bring together the core recovery capabilities of Federal departments and agencies and other supporting organizations -- including those not active in emergency response -- to focus on community recovery needs. The Recovery Support Functions are organized into six manageable components and through the Recovery Support Functions, relevant stakeholders and experts are brought together during steady-state planning and when activated post-disaster to identify and resolve recovery challenges. Recovery Support Functions and stakeholders organize and request assistance and/or contribute resources and solutions. Together, these Recovery Support Functions help facilitate local stakeholder participation and promote intergovernmental and public-private partnerships. The objective of the Recovery Support Functions is to facilitate the identification, coordination and delivery of Federal assistance needed to supplement recovery resources and efforts by local, State, Tribal and Territorial governments, as well as private and nonprofit sectors. An additional objective is to encourage and complement investments and contributions by the business community, individuals and voluntary, faith-based and community organizations. These Recovery Support Functions activities assist communities with accelerating the process of recovery, redevelopment and revitalization."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Assistance to Firefighters Grant Program [website]
The Assistance to Firefighters Grant Program is "[a] program of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, grants are awarded to fire departments to enhance their ability to protect the public and fire service personnel from fire and related hazards. Three types of grants are available: Assistance to Firefighters Grants (AFG), Staffing for Adequate Fire and Emergency Response Grants (SAFER), and Fire Prevention and Safety Grants (FP&S). This Web site provides a description of four types of grants, which includes the Assistance to Firefights Fire Station Construction Grants (SCG). The site also offers resources to help fire departments prepare and submit grant requests."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA: Preparedness (Non-Disaster) Grants
"FEMA provides state and local governments with preparedness program funding in the form of Non-Disaster Grants to enhance the capacity of state and local emergency responders to prevent, respond to, and recover from a weapons of mass destruction terrorism incident involving chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive devices and cyber attacks."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA Think Tank [website]
"FEMA [Federal Emergency Management Agency] recognizes that the best solutions to the challenges we face are generated by the people and the communities who are closest to these challenges. It is essential that these partners are invited to the table to actively participate in thought-provoking discussions. That is why we are reaching out to state, local, and tribal governments, and to all members of the public, including the private sector, the disability community, and volunteer community, to seek their input on how to improve the emergency management system. FEMA wants to hear your ideas and suggestions, to both explore best practices and generate new ideas. The FEMA Think Tank will help facilitate these conversations and encourage further discussion. […] The FEMA Think Tank has two main components: 1) Online Forum: Submit your own ideas, comment on others, and participate in conversations meant to generate creative solutions. The forum is open to anyone who wants to discuss a variety of emergency management issues, such as how as we prepare for, respond to, recover from, or mitigate against all types of disasters, as well as ideas on how we can continue to integrate the whole community. 2) Monthly Conference Call Discussions: Deputy Administrator Serino will conduct monthly conference calls to discuss some of the real-life solutions and ideas that are generated by this online forum. These calls will be open to the general public and captioning for participants who are deaf or hard of hearing will be provided."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Multi-hazard Loss Estimation Methodology: Flood Model, Hazus-MH, Technical Manual
"The scope of the Flood Technical Manual includes documentation of all methods and data that are used by the methodology. Loss estimation methods and data are obtained from referenced sources tailored to fit the framework of the methodology, or from new methods and data developed when existing methods and data were lacking or not current state of the art. The Flood Technical Manual is a comprehensive, highly technical collection of methods and data covering a broad range of topics and disciplines, including hydrology and hydraulics, structural engineering, floodplain management, social science, and economics. The Flood Technical Manual is written for readers who are expected to have some degree of expertise in the technical topic of interest, and may be inappropriate for readers who do not have this background."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Multi-hazard Loss Estimation Methodology: Earthquake Model, Hazus-MH 2.1: Technical Manual
"The Technical Manual describes the methods for performing earthquake loss estimation. It is based on a multi-year project to develop a nationally applicable methodology for estimating potential earthquake losses on a regional basis. The project has being conducted for the National Institute of Building Science (NIBS) under a cooperative agreement with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The primary purpose of the project is to develop guidelines and procedures for making earthquake loss estimates at a regional scale. These loss estimates would be used primarily by local, state and regional officials to plan and stimulate efforts to reduce risks from earthquakes and to prepare for emergency response and recovery. A secondary purpose of the project is to provide a basis for assessing nationwide risk of earthquake losses. The methodology development and software implementation has been performed by a team of earthquake loss experts composed of earth scientists, engineers, architects, economists, emergency planners, social scientists and software developers. The Earthquake Committee has provided technical direction and review of work with guidance from the Project Oversight Committee (POC), a group representing user interests in the earthquake engineering community."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Multi-hazard Loss Estimation Methodology: Earthquake Model, Hazus-MH 2.1: User Manual
"This brief overview of the earthquake loss estimation methodology is intended for local, regional, or state officials contemplating an earthquake loss study. The methodology has been developed for the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) by the National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) to provide a tool for developing earthquake loss estimates for use in: 1) Anticipating the possible nature and scope of the emergency response needed to cope with an earthquake-related disaster, 2) Developing plans for recovery and reconstruction following a disaster, and 3) Mitigating the possible consequences of earthquakes. If developed for areas of seismic risk across the nation, estimates also will help guide the allocation of federal resources to stimulate risk mitigation efforts and to plan for federal earthquake response. Use of the methodology will generate an estimate of the consequences to a city or region of a 'scenario earthquake', i.e., an earthquake with a specified magnitude and location. The resulting 'loss estimate' generally will describe the scale and extent of damage and disruption that may result from a potential earthquake."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Multi-hazard Loss Estimation Methodology: Hurricane Model, Hazus-MH 2.1: User Manual
"The Hurricane Model allows practitioners to estimate of the economic and social losses from hurricane winds. The information provided by the model will assist state and local officials in evaluating, planning for, and mitigating the effects of hurricane winds. The Hurricane Model provides practitioners and policy makers with a tool to help reduce wind damage, reduce disaster payments, and make wise use of the nation's emergency management resources. The Hurricane Model is the first component of a planned Hazus Wind Model. When fully implemented, the Wind Model will address the wind hazard and effects associated with hurricanes, tornadoes, thunderstorms, extratropical storms, and hail. The need for Hazus to treat the different meteorological phenomena is indicated in Figure 1-2, where it is seen that different regions of the United States are affected by different types of windstorms. In many regions of the country, damaging winds are produced by more than one meteorological phenomenon."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Earthquake Loss Estimation Methodology: Hazus-MH 2.1, Advanced Engineering Building Module (AEBM): Technical and User's Manual
"This manual describes procedures for developing building-specific damage and loss functions with the Advanced Engineering Building Module (AEBM). The AEBM procedures are an extension of the more general methods of the FEMA earthquake loss estimation methodology (Hazus) and provide damage and loss functions compatible with current Hazus-MH Software. Kircher & Associates working for the National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) has developed these procedures under agreements between NIBS and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The procedures have been pilot tested and reviewed by NIBS' Earthquake Committee and Building Damage Subcommittee. Hazus damage and loss functions for generic model building types are considered to be reliable predictors of earthquake effects for large groups of buildings that include both above median and below median cases. They may not, however, be very good predictors for a specific building or a particular type of building that is known to have an inherent weakness or earthquake vulnerability (e.g., W1 buildings with weak cripple walls would be expected to perform much worse than typical wood-frame buildings)."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Multi-hazard Loss Estimation Methodology: Flood Model, Hazus-MH: User Manual
"The Hazus Flood Model produces loss estimates for vulnerability assessments and plans for flood risk mitigation, emergency preparedness, and response and recovery. The methodology deals with nearly all aspects of the built environment, and a wide range of losses. The user can evaluate losses from a single flood event, or for a range of flood events allowing for annualized estimates of damages. Using the extensive national databases that are embedded in Hazus, users can make general loss estimates for a region. These databases contain information such as demographic aspects of the population in a study region, square footage for different occupancies of buildings, and numbers and locations of bridges. The Hazus methodology and software are flexible enough so that locally developed inventories and other data that more accurately reflect the local environment can be substituted, resulting in improved loss estimates. The methods within the Hazus Flood Model are commonly used by federal, state, and local agencies for planning studies and are considered 'reasonable.' Uncertainties are inherent in any loss estimation methodology. They arise in part from incomplete scientific knowledge concerning floods and their effects upon buildings and facilities. They also result from the approximations that are necessary for comprehensive analyses. Factors such as incomplete or inaccurate inventories of the built environment, demographics and economic parameters can result in a range of uncertainty of two or more in loss estimates produced by the Hazus Flood Model."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Multi-hazard Loss Estimation Methodology: Hurricane Model, Hazus-MH 2.1: Technical Manual
"The Hazus Hurricane Model allows practitioners to estimate the economic and social losses from hurricane winds. The information provided by the model will assist state and local officials in evaluating, planning for, and mitigating the effects of hurricane winds. The Hurricane Model provides practitioners and policy makers with a tool to help reduce wind damage, reduce disaster payments, and make wise use of the nation's emergency management resources. The Hurricane Model is the first component of a planned Hazus Wind Model. When fully implemented, the Wind Model will address the wind hazard and effects associated with hurricanes, tornadoes, thunderstorms, extratropical storms and hail. The need for Hazus to treat the different meteorological phenomena is indicated in Figure 1.1, where it is seen that different regions of the United States are affected by different types of wind storms. In many regions of the country, damaging winds are produced by more than one meteorological phenomenon."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Fact Sheet: Measuring NIMS Compliance
"The NIMS [National Incident Management System] Integration Center, in collaboration with the DHS Office of Grants and Training (OG&T) and with the assistance of Eastern Kentucky University (EKU), has launched an initiative that will result in a system for measuring NIMS compliance beginning in FY 2007. The Center has a cooperative agreement with EKU to help it identify and evaluate NIMS-related operational and technology-based standards, among other things. The endeavor also involves a review of the states' implementation of the FY 2005 NIMS compliance requirements by the Office of Grants and Training. The data gathered and the analyses and reports that will follow will be used to develop the foundations of a formalized system for measuring NIMS compliance."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; National Incident Management System (U.S.)
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Fact Sheet: NIMS Essential Standards List
"One of the primary responsibilities of the NIMS [National Incident Management System] Integration Center is to identify guidelines, protocols and standards that will help emergency responders and managers from all levels of government organize effective responses to emergency incidents and hazards, natural disasters and terrorism. The Center's aim is to establish an Essential Standards List that would represent a set of the most significant national standards for NIMS. The initiative is utilizing a two-pronged approach that is intended to enhance compatibility between national-level standards for NIMS and those developed by other public and private organizations as well as professional groups."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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[Continuity Assessment Tool]
"The purpose of a continuity plan and program is to ensure than an organization can perform its essential functions and provide critical services no matter the threat or hazard faced. Developing continuity metrics and then evaluating and assessing continuity plans and programs against these metrics is an important step for planners and managers. By examining areas for improvement and areas of strength, organizations can better prioritize and resource continuity needs and gaps."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States. Department of Homeland Security
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Whole Community Continuity: National Continuity Programs
"Every day, individuals, organizations, communities, and governments provide critical services and perform essential functions upon which neighbors and citizens depend. Continuity ensures that the whole community plans for sustaining these services and functions when normal operations are disrupted. Implementation of continuity principles ensures that organizations, communities, and governments are able to support citizens in need. Development and maintenance of continuity capabilities helps build and sustain a more resilient Nation equipped to sustain essential functions, deliver critical services, and supply core capabilities under all conditions."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States. Department of Homeland Security
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Lessons Learned Specialist/Advisor Training: Terminology
Definition of terms used in Specialist/Advisor Training for the Lessons Learned department of the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Pilot Project Enhances Efficiency in Substantial Damage Estimations
"When impacted by disasters, all communities participating in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) are required to determine whether damage to structures reaches a 50 percent or greater threshold. The Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Substantial Damage Estimator (SDE) tool is often used to make these estimates. However, Marathon, Florida has devised a method using a Geographic Information System (GIS) digital database with the damage fields from FEMA's SDE tool to generate another effective way of reporting substantial damage information."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Safe Room Shelters Evacuees from Hurricane Harvey
"Nearly 400 evacuees with nowhere else to go in Victoria, Texas, sheltered inside a 168-foot wide steel-reinforced tornado/hurricane safe room the day Hurricane Harvey barreled into Texas. When the city ordered a mandatory evacuation forcing people to find shelter, St. Joseph High School Principal Tom Maj was happy to help. 'This was the first ever use of the facility, and it performed as intended,' said Maj. The community commonly refers to the safe room at the Tom O'Connor Jr. Athletic Center facility as the St. Joseph High School FEMA Dome. It was constructed to serve the Victoria community during catastrophic events."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Small City Escapes Big Damages Due to Successful Mitigation Practices
"In a city with a population of 3,500, only one house in Bunker Hill Village [Texas] suffered extensive damage from Hurricane Harvey. Homeowners credit the city's proactive approach to mitigation. 'We know storms are coming. If you are not prepared, you need to get prepared,' said Steve Smith, the city's director of public works and building official. 'How well you get through the storm depends on how well prepared you are.'"
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Texas Home Elevation Ends Cycle of Repetitive Flooding
"Hurricane Harvey, a Category 4 hurricane, brought torrential downpours and days of flooding that devastated the small town of Webster, located southeast of Houston in Harris County. The 2017 hurricane submerged the majority of homes in their neighborhood, but John and Mary Sullivan's home was an exception. Elevation saved their home."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Stilt Built Homes in Florida Keys Survive Storm
"A recreational vehicle (RV) park that was redeveloped into a modular-home condominium community with stilt-built homes has demonstrated the benefits of mitigation. During its decades-long existence, the character of the 22-acre oceanfront RV park in Key Largo, Florida, has gradually changed. The land is in a special flood hazard area. Residents had been constructing additions to RVs and permanent structures that did not comply with the county's zoning and flood restrictions."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Medical Center Makes Peparedness Along with Patient and Employee Safety a Priority
"Mount Sinai Medical Center's main campus sits on a barrier island, separated from the mainland by three miles of Biscayne Bay. Its unique location puts the medical center in an area prone to flooding and hurricane damage. Budget limitations were a major consideration in solving the power outage problem. Finding a solution would require exploring grant opportunities available at FEMA. The county applied for Mitigation grant funding under the 5 Percent Initiative which considers funding projects that are difficult to pass the benefit-cost analysis. FEMA and Wisconsin Emergency Management (WEM) awarded the grant to Bayfield County in August 2013."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Mitigation Project Equips Hospital in Handling Day-To-Day Operations During Power Outages
"Pensacola was hit hard after Hurricane Ivan barreled down on the Gulf Coast in September 2004 when the storm knocked out Sacred Heart Hospital's electricity. The hospital was forced to rely on emergency generators, but their capacity was not sufficient to supply the entire building with air conditioning. The hospital remained functional but at reduced capacity."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
