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Federal Aviation Administration: Airport Safety [website]
"The Airport Safety Program addresses general aviation airport safety, runway safety, airports certificated under 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 139, and the Airport Safety Data Program, which makes airport information available to the public." This website includes Advisory Circulars; Data, Tools, and Resources; Guidance and Policy; Publications and Forms; and Regional Supplemental Guidance.
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
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Advisory Circular: Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting Station Building Design
"This advisory circular (AC) contains information, references and guidelines for Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) station building design. This AC sets the policy for federally funded fire stations that meet Federal Aviation Regulations, Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 139, Certification of Airports, requirements for airport facilities." Chapters include: (1) Introduction, (2) Site Selection, (3) Station Elements, (4) Station Systems, (5) Other Station Considerations, and Appendices.
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2008-09-10
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Advisory Circular: Airport Emergency Plan [June 19, 2009]
"This Advisory Circular (AC) provides guidance to the airport operator in the development and implementation of an Airport Emergency Plan (AEP). The AEP addresses essential emergency related and deliberate actions planned to ensure the safety of and emergency services for the airport populace and the community in which the airport is located. The AEP document should be functionally oriented, comprehensive in the assignment of responsibilities, and coordinated at all levels. This AC addresses the following: (1) The format and organization of information in the AEP; (2) Provisions for the systematic approach of determining all hazards that warrant emergency preparedness; (3) Involvement of local communities, State organizations, and Federal agencies in emergency management and preparedness so that their expertise and resources are incorporated to the mutual benefit of all parties."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2009-06-19
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Advisory Circular: Programs for Training of Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting Personnel
"This advisory circular (AC) provides information on courses and reference materials for training of Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting (ARFF) personnel."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2008-09-23
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Advisory Circular: Driver's Enhanced Vision System (DEVS)
"This advisory circular (AC) contains performance standards, specifications, and recommendations for DEVS [Driver's Enhanced Vision System]. [...] For airport operating certificate purposes, Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) vehicles must demonstrate an emergency response time of 3 minutes to a simulated accident on an airport runway, with the goal to get to the accident site in as little time as possible. During periods of poor visibility, ARFF response times tend to increase. The Driver's Enhanced Vision System (DEVS) program, in an effort to reduce response times, is aimed at the four difficult aspects of poor visibility response: (1) locating the accident, (2.) navigating to the accident site, (3.) avoiding obstacles, (4) locating people on the way to the accident site."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2009-06-12
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Advisory Circular: Guide Specification for Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting Vehicles
"This advisory circular (AC) contains information, references and guidelines for a family of aircraft rescue and fire fighting (ARFF) vehicles. Vehicles meeting this standard satisfy Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 139, Certification of Airports, and meet the requirements for airport response to aircraft fire fighting." Chapters include: Administration, Definitions, Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting Vehicles, Interior Access Vehicle, Acceptance Criteria, Annexes, and Appendices.
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2007-09-24
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Advisory Circular: Design Standards for an Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting Training Facility
"This advisory circular contains standards, specifications, and recommendations for the design of an aircraft rescue and firefighting training facility utilizing either propane or a flammable liquid hydrocarbon (FLH) as the fuel."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
1992-01-31
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FAA Wildlife Strike Database [website]
"The FAA [Federal Aviation Administration] Wildlife Strike Database contains records of reported wildlife strikes since 1990. Strike reporting is voluntary. Therefore, this database only represents the information we have received from airlines, airports, pilots, and other sources."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
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Advisory Circular: Water Supply Systems for Aircraft Fire and Rescue Protection
"This Advisory Circular (AC) provides guidance for the selection of a water source and standards for the design of a distribution system to support aircraft rescue and fire fighting (ARFF) service operations on airports."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
1992-07-29
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Advisory Circular: Painting, Marking, and Lighting of Vehicles Used on an Airport
"This advisory circular (AC) provides guidance, specifications, and standards for painting, marking, and lighting of vehicles operating in the airport air operations area (AOA). The approved lights, colors, and markings herein assure the conspicuity of vehicles operating in the AOA from both the ground and the air."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2007-08-31
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Advisory Circular: Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting Communications
"This Advisory Circular (AC) provides guidance to assist airport operators in preparing for Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) communications." Chapters include: (1) Overview of Airport Emergency Communications; (2) Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting Communication System; (3) Initial Notification (Alarm) System: Communication of Alarm from Alerting Authority to Primary Responders; (4) Communications Between ARFF Primary Responders and Others; (5) Lost Communications Procedures; and (7) Radio Call Signs.
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2008-04-14
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Advisory Circular: Water Rescue Plan, Facilities, and Equipment
"This Advisory Circular (AC) provides guidance to assist airport operators in preparing for water rescue operations." It provides "guidance on the special considerations that airport operators must think about when preparing for water rescue operations in the vicinity of an airport. These include preplanning issues, such as delineation of responsibilities, the planning process, training, and equipment."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2004-04-15
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Advisory Circular: Aircraft Fire Extinguishing Agents
"This Advisory Circular (AC) provides guidance for reference material covering Aircraft Fire Extinguishing Agents." This includes guidelines for quantities for airports serving Department of Transportation (DOT) certified air carriers/commercial service, quantities for general aviation airports, the compatibility of agents, extinguishing agent substitutes, performance requirements, testing and quality assurance, and environmental issues.
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2009-09-28
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Advisory Circular: First Responders' Responsibility for Protecting Evidence at the Scene of an Aircraft Accident/Incident
"This advisory circular (AC) furnishes general guidance for airport employees, airport management, and other personnel responsible for aircraft rescue and firefighting (ARFF) operations at the scene of an aircraft accident on the proper preservation of evidence. It explains the need for preservation of evidence and details operational actions which may be permitted if performed in the interest of preserving life."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2009-09-28
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Advisory Circular: Aircraft Rescue Fire Fighting Equipment, Tools, and Clothing
"This advisory circular (AC) contains references to the minimum requirements for the selection and performance of aircraft rescue and firefighting personal protective equipment (PPE), self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), and powered rescue tools. This AC is designed to assist airport management in the development of local procurement specifications for airport fire departments."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2008-09-30
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Advisory Circular: Airport Emergency Plan, 1999
"This [1999] Advisory Circular (AC) provides guidance to the airport operator in developing and implementing an Airport Emergency Plan (AEP). The AEP ensures the safety and service for people and the community in which the airport is located. The AEP should be a functional, comprehensive, and well-coordinated document."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
1999-09-30
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Advisory Circular: Airport Safety Self-Inspection
"This Advisory Circular (AC) provides information to airport operators on airport self-inspection programs and identifies items that airport operators should include in such a program."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2004-04-23
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Advisory Circular: Airport Winter Safety and Operations
"This advisory circular (AC) provides guidance to assist airport operators in developing a snow and ice control plan, conducting and reporting runway friction surveys, and establishing snow removal and control procedures."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2008-12-09
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Federal Aviation Administration Advisory Circular: Aviation Safety Action Program (ASAP)
"This Advisory Circular (AC) provides guidance for establishing an air transportation Aviation Safety Action Program (ASAP). The objective of the ASAP is to encourage air carrier and repair station employees to voluntarily report safety information that may be critical to identifying potential precursors to accidents. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has determined that identifying these precursors is essential to further reducing the already low accident rate. Under an ASAP, safety issues are resolved through corrective action rather than through punishment or discipline. The ASAP provides for the collection, analysis, and retention of the safety data that is obtained. ASAP safety data, much of which would otherwise be unobtainable, is used to develop corrective actions for identified safety concerns, and to educate the appropriate parties to prevent a reoccurrence of the same type of safety event. An ASAP is based on a safety partnership that will include the FAA and the certificate holder, and may include a third party, such as the employee's labor organization. To encourage an employee to voluntarily report safety issues, even though they may involve the employee's possible noncompliance with Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR), enforcement-related incentives have been designed into the program."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2002-11-05
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Federal Aviation Administration Advisory Circular: Aviation Security--Airports
"This document furnishes guidance to those individuals and organizations having responsibilities under Part 107 of the Federal Aviation Regulations. It also provides recommendations for establishing and improving security for restricted or critical facilities and areas of security of which is not dealt with by Part 107. The information is provided regarding the preparation of an airport security program. This Circular describes minimum acceptable standards for (a) preparation of a master security plan, (b) establishing and maintaining a suitable authorized persons identification program, and (c) establishing and maintaining an adequate identification system for certain ground vehicles. It also makes recommendations concerning conducting an airport security survey, establishing security committees, security education for airport personnel, the proper use of law enforcement personnel and liaison with appropriate law enforcement agencies and FAA [Federal Aviation Administration] Air Transportation Security Field Offices."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
1972-05-19
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Federal Aviation Administration Advisory Circular: Aviation Security: Air Taxi Commercial Operators (ATCOs)
"This Circular provides recommended security measures applicable to ATCO [Air Taxi Commercial Operators] operations that should minimize the effects of crimes directed against air transportation. It advises ATCOs of the availability of operations specifications whereby they may implement security procedures to improve their security posture and facilitate operations that interface with certain 121 air carrier operators required to have security programs. Guidance is also provided regarding Federal Aviation Administration [FAA] security requirements for the discharge of ATCO passengers into Federal Aviation Regulation Part 121 certificate holders' sterile concourses. [...] While establishment of a security program encompassing the above recommendations is not required, it is believed that such action will assure consistency in the application of security procedures and reduce the possibility of successful criminal acts being perpetrated against an ATCO's passengers and aircraft. Program approval by FAA and implementation of the operations specifications by the ATCO permits the ATCO to deplane passengers in a sterile concourse and provides for the transfer or interline checked baggage to Part 121 carriers without further screening."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
1976-04-15
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Federal Aviation Administration Advisory Circular: Aviation Security--Acceptance and Handling Procedures--Indirect Air Carrier Security
"This Circular provides information and guidance which should be used by 'indirect air carriers' when accepting and handling property to be carried by 'air carriers' or by operator of any civil aircraft for transportation in air commerce. [...] While implementation of the security procedures set forth in Part 109 and recommended herein may increase the indirect air carrier's cost, it is believed that these costs will be offset to a certain extent through a possible reduction in pilferage problems; but an even greater benefit may accrue to the indirect air carrier or other shipper through assurance of a high level of protection against public endangerment through unauthorized introduction of explosives, incendiary devices, or other potentially hazardous materials into passenger carrying aircraft. FAA [Federal Aviation Administration] believes that prudent indirect air carriers and others with a sense of public responsibility, regardless of regulatory requirements, will want to institute these safeguards to further assure the safety and security of the air traveling public."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
1982-03-03
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Advisory Circular: Air Carrier Security
This circular provides information and guidance for implementation of new Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Part 108, Airplane Operator Security.
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
1981-10-16
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Unmanned Aircraft Pilot Medical Certification Requirements
"This research addressed the medical requirements necessary for unmanned aircraft (UA) pilots for successful flight in the National Airspace System (NAS). Given that an existing medical certification was recommended, the question of which class of certification to propose was based on the perceived level of risk imposed by the potential incapacitation of the UA pilot. A second-class medical certification was judged to be the most acceptable, considering that there were several factors that mitigated the risk of pilot incapacitation relative to those of manned aircraft. First, factors related to changes in air pressure could be ignored, assuming that control stations for non-military operations would be on the ground. Second, many of the current UA systems have procedures that have been established for lost data link. Lost data link, where the pilot cannot transmit commands to the aircraft, is functionally equivalent to pilot incapacitation. Third, the level of automation of a system determines the criticality of pilot incapacitation because some highly automated systems (e.g., Global Hawk) will continue normal flight whether a pilot is or is not present."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
Williams, Kevin W.
2007-02
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Summary of Unmanned Aircraft Accident/Incident Data: Human Factors Implications
"A review and analysis of unmanned aircraft (UA) accident data was conducted to identify important human factors issues related to their use. UA accident data were collected from the U.S. Army, Navy, and Air Force. Classification of the accident data was a two-step process. In the first step, accidents were classified into the categories of human factors, maintenance, aircraft, and unknown. Accidents could be classified into more than one category. In the second step, those accidents classified as human factors-related were classified according to specific human factors issues of alerts/alarms, display design, procedural error, skill-based error, or other. Classification was based on the stated causal factors in the reports, the opinion of safety center personnel, and personal judgment of the author. The percentage of involvement of human factors issues varied across aircraft from 21% to 68%. For most of the aircraft systems, electromechanical failure was more of a causal factor than human error. One critical finding from an analysis of the data is that each of the fielded systems is very different, leading to different kinds of accidents and different human factors issues. A second finding is that many of the accidents that have occurred could have been anticipated through an analysis of the user interfaces employed and procedures implemented for their use. This paper summarizes the various human factors issues related to the accidents. "
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
Williams, Kevin W.
2004-12
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Integration of Civil Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) in the National Airspace System (NAS) Roadmap, First Edition - 2013
"Since the early 1990s, unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) have operated on a limited basis in the National Airspace System (NAS). Until recently, UAS mainly supported public operations, such as military and border security operations. The list of potential uses is now rapidly expanding to encompass a broad range of other activities, including aerial photography, surveying land and crops, communications and broadcast, monitoring forest fires and environmental conditions, and protecting critical infrastructures. UAS provide new ways for commercial enterprises (civil operations) and public operators to enhance some of our nation's aviation operations through increased operational efficiency and decreased costs, while maintaining the safety of the NAS. […] The FAA created the Unmanned Aircraft Systems Integration Office to facilitate integration of UAS safely and efficiently into the NAS. Toward that goal, the FAA is collaborating with a broad spectrum of stakeholders, which includes manufacturers, commercial vendors, industry trade associations, technical standards organizations, academic institutions, research and development centers, governmental agencies, and other regulators. Ultimately, UAS must be integrated into the NAS without reducing existing capacity, decreasing safety, negatively impacting current operators, or increasing the risk to airspace users or persons and property on the ground any more than the integration of comparable new and novel technologies. Significant progress has been made toward UAS-NAS integration, with many challenges and opportunities ahead."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2013-11-07
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First Responder Safety at a Small Aircraft or Helicopter Accident
"As small aircraft and helicopters have become more complex, technology has provided systems that have enhanced operational safety. In the event of an accident, many of these systems have presented additional hazards to first responders or any potential rescuer at an aircraft accident scene. The FAA [Federal Aviation Administration], in cooperation with General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA), various manufacturers and first responder professional organizations, has developed training for safety at an aircraft accident scene. While the material was initially developed for firefighters, Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and police, it provides useful information for any persons that may come across an aircraft accident. Flash Player is required to view each module."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
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FAA's Implementation of Runway Status Lights
"This report provides the results of our review of the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) implementation of Runway Status Lights (RWSL). We conducted this review as part of our ongoing efforts to assess FAA's actions to reduce runway incursions. The objectives of our audit were to (1) determine RWSL's viability for reducing runway incursions and (2) assess FAA's progress in implementing the system. Our review was conducted between June and January of 2008 and included site visits to Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW) and FAA Headquarters."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2008-01-14
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Assessment of FAA's Risk-Based System for Overseeing Aircraft Manufacturers' Suppliers
"This report presents the results of our audit of the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) oversight of aircraft manufacturers' quality assurance systems for suppliers. Because aircraft and engine manufacturers are increasingly taking an international partnership approach to business, aircraft parts and component suppliers now produce significant parts of U.S.- and foreign- manufactured aircraft. For example, suppliers may ship a completed section of an aircraft body (fuselage), with much of the wiring already completed, to the primary manufacturer who assembles the final units together. U.S. and foreign aircraft and engine manufacturers have opted for this approach because it spreads risk and cost across a network of domestic and foreign partners, speeds up product development, and simplifies assembly procedures. The audit objective was to evaluate FAA's oversight of aircraft manufacturers' quality assurance systems for domestic and foreign suppliers. Although aviation manufacturers are ultimately responsible for the quality of their products, FAA's Aircraft Certification Service personnel oversee manufacturers' processes for ensuring that the products meet approved design specifications and are in a condition for safe operation."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
2008-02-26
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Fatigue Risk Management in Aviation Maintenance: Current Best Practices and Potential Future Countermeasures
"The unregulated hours and frequent night work characteristic of maintenance can produce significant levels of employee fatigue, with a resultant risk of maintenance error. Fatigue Risk Management Systems (FRMS) are widely used to manage fatigue among flight crew and drivers of commercial vehicles, but comprehensive approaches to fatigue risk management are still uncommon within maintenance organizations. In the wider transport industry, the objective of most FRMS has been to reduce fatigue to an acceptable level. Two additional objectives can be identified for FRMS in the maintenance environment: reducing or capturing fatigue-related errors, and minimizing the harm caused by fatigue-related errors. A range of countermeasures can help to achieve these three objectives in aviation maintenance. Some of these countermeasures are currently being applied within the industry, while others may become feasible in the future. The data available on best practices for fatigue risk management in aviation maintenance are continually evolving. This should be considered an interim report."
United States. Federal Aviation Administration
Bedell-Avers, Katrina E.; Hobbs, Alan; Hiles, John J.
2011-06
