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El Trafico de Cocaina en el 2009
This document is in Spanish. "For the second consecutive year, the quantity of cocaine produced in South America has continued to diminish. However, drug trafficking organizations continue moving large quantities of cocaine."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2010-10
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Report to the President and Congress, Designing a Digital Future: Federally Funded Research and Development in Networking and Information Technology [December 2010]
"From smartphones to eBook readers to game consoles to personal computers; from corporate data-centers to cloud services to scientific supercomputers; from digital photography and photo editing, to MP3 music players, to streaming media, to GPS navigation; from robot vacuum cleaners in the home, to adaptive cruise control in cars and the real-time control systems in hybrid vehicles, to robot vehicles on and above the battlefield; from the Internet and the World Wide Web to email, search engines, eCommerce, and social networks; from medical imaging, to computer-assisted surgery, to the large-scale data analysis that is enabling evidence-based healthcare and the new biology; from spreadsheets and word processing to revolutions in inventory control, supply chain, and logistics; from the automatic bar-coding of hand-addressed first class mail, to remarkably effective natural language translation, to rapidly improving speech recognition -- our world today relies to an astonishing degree on systems, tools, and services that belong to a vast and still growing domain known as Networking and Information Technology (NIT). NIT underpins our national prosperity, health, and security. In recent decades, NIT has boosted U.S. labor productivity more than any other set of forces."
United States. Executive Office of the President
President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (U.S.)
2010-12
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Policy Framework for the 21st Century Grid: Enabling Our Secure Energy Future
"A smarter, modernized, and expanded grid will be pivotal to the United States' world leadership in a clean energy future. This policy framework focuses on the deployment of information and communications technologies in the electricity sector. As they are developed and deployed, these smart grid technologies and applications will bring new capabilities to utilities and their customers. In tandem with the development and deployment of high-capacity transmission lines, which is a topic beyond the scope of this report, smart grid technologies will play an important role in supporting the increased use of clean energy. A 21st century clean energy economy demands a 21st century grid. Much of the traditional electricity infrastructure has changed little from the original design and form of the electric grid as envisioned by Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse at the end of the 19th century. In a 21st century grid, smart grid technologies will help integrate more variable renewable sources of electricity, including both utility scale generation systems such as large wind turbines and distributed generation systems such as rooftop solar panels, in addition to facilitating the greater use of electric vehicles and energy storage. Moreover, such technologies will help enable utilities to manage stresses on the grid, such as peak demand, and pass savings on to consumers as a result. The evolution towards a 21st century grid is already taking place. With the Recovery Act investment of $4.5 billion for electricity delivery and energy reliability modernization efforts, the promise of a smarter grid is becoming a reality."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2011-06
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Report to the President on Reengineering the Influenza Vaccine Production Enterprise to Meet the Challenges of Pandemic Influenza: Backgrounder
This document is a backgrounder to "Report to the President on Reengineering the Influenza Vaccine Production Enterprise to Meet the Challenges of Pandemic Influenza," a report that "examines how the Nation can more rapidly and reliably produce effective vaccines, at a sufficient scale to protect all of the Nation's residents, in response to the emergence of pandemic influenza."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2010
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Economic Record of the Obama Administration: Addressing Climate Change
From the Executive Summary: "The impacts of climate change are being felt now, and if unchecked, greenhouse gas emissions threaten the future of both national and global welfare and economic output. That is why, since taking office, President Obama has demonstrated his commitment to fighting climate change through a diverse set of policy mechanisms. Since 2008, he has implemented policiesthat provide incentives for renewable energy and improve the energy efficiency of homes and appliances; developed the first-ever federal greenhouse gas pollution standards for power plants, light-duty cars and trucks, and commercial trucks, buses, and vans; invested in research and development to support innovative clean energy technologies, and furthered international cooperation to drive down greenhouse gas emissions and limit global temperature rise. Encouraging trends in energy consumption, carbon emissions, and the deployment of cleaner energy since 2008 illustrate the progress the nation has made during the Obama Administration to transition to an increasingly low-carbon economy, while also recovering from the Great Recession. In line with long-standing policy for major regulations, standards aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions have been assessed using rigorous benefit-cost analysis. This report reviews the economic rationale for policy intervention to slow climate change, selected policies pursued and the progress made to date, and the foundation this Administration has established for a continued transition toward an increasingly low-carbon economy in the years to come. The key findings of the report are outlined below."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2016-09
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OMB Report to the Congress on the Joint Committee Reductions for Fiscal Year 2018
"The Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act (BBEDCA) requires the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to calculate reductions of fiscal year (FY) 2018 budgetary resources and provide them to the Congress with the transmittal of the Budget. This report provides OMB's calculations of the reductions to the discretionary spending limits ('caps') specified in section 251(c) of BBEDCA for FY 2018 and a listing of the FY 2018 reductions required through sequestration for each non-exempt budget account with direct spending.OMB calculates that the Joint Committee reductions will lower the discretionary cap for the revised security
(defense) category by $54 billion and for the revised non-security (nondefense) category by $37 billion. Additionally, the Joint Committee reductions require sequestration reductions to non-exempt direct spending of 2.0 percent to Medicare, 6.6 percent to other non-exempt nondefense mandatory programs, and 8.9 percent to non-exempt defense mandatory programs."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2017-05-23
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National Drug Control Strategy: FY 2010 Budget Summary
This document "identifies resources and performance indicators for programs within the Executive Branch that are integral to the President's drug control policy. The Administration's plan for reducing drug use and availability is based around four major policy areas: (1) Substance Abuse Prevention, (2) Substance Abuse Treatment, (3) Domestic Law Enforcement; and (4) Interdiction and International Counterdrug Support. In Fiscal Year 2010, the President requests $15.1 billion in support of these key policy areas, which is an increase of $224.3 million or 1.5 percent over the FY 2009 enacted level of $14.8 billion. The Budget Summary details agency resources by function. Functions categorize the activities of agencies into common drug control areas. Figure 1 details funding by function."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2009-05
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Briefing Book: An Overview of Federal Drug Control Programs on the Southwest Border
This briefing book provides data and statistics on federal drug control programs on the southwest border. Data is provided on Drug control programs for the following agencies: U.S. Customs Services; Internal Revenue Service; U.S. Attorneys; Federal Bureau of Investigation; Drug Enforcement Administration; Immigration and Naturalization Service; U.S. Coast Guard; High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area (HIDTA); Dept. of State; and Dept. of Defense.
United States. Executive Office of the President
1997-08
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Tips for Prevention Programming Edition No. 1: Prevention Practices
This document includes a list of nine drug abuse and related crime prevention program elements that have been proven effective by prevention research literature: "peer program and multi-modal approaches; programs emphasizing lite and peer refusal skills; life skills training approach; parenting skills development; strategies to change parental attitudes towards AODs; academic mentoring and tutoring strategies; early prevention interventions; anti-AOD advertising; and tax and increased price policies for alcohol. While there may not be a simple solution for preventing Alcohol and Other Drug (AOD) use, there is consensus among professionals in the prevention field that multicomponent programs are likely to produce the most positive effects for the greatest number of participants."
United States. Executive Office of the President
1997-05
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Tips for Prevention Programming Edition No. 2: Effective Drug Prevention Strategies
According to this document, drug prevention research has made it clear that, at a minimum, the Nation's young people need the following: "Community settings that protect and promote drug-free living; Educational, workplace, and social settings that impart and reinforce accurate drug information and 'no use' attitudes; and Social sanctions and rewards that discourage drug use and other serious risk behaviors. To link specific prevention efforts to specific outcomes, analysts must ask not simply 'What works?' but also 'What specific programs are effective, what approaches do they use, and with which populations will they be effective?'"
United States. Executive Office of the President
1997-05
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National Cybersecurity Awareness Month, 2009: A Proclamation by the President of the United States of America
In this October 1, 2009 proclamation, President Obama announced the Month of October 2009 as National Cybersecurity Awareness Month. From the proclamation: "The 21st century offers our Nation unprecedented opportunities to develop new solutions to the challenges we face. Today, technology allows Americans to reach across the globe and communicate with family and friends, customers and colleagues, in distant locations. With this freedom, however, comes heightened responsibility. My Administration is committed to treating our digital infrastructure as a strategic national asset. Protecting this infrastructure is a national security priority, and in the process, we will ensure that these networks are comprehensive, trustworthy, and resilient. Together, we will create a more secure America, where technology can evolve in a protected and productive environment."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2009-10-01
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National Energy Awareness Month, 2009: A Proclamation by the President of the United States of America
In this October 2, 2009 proclamation, President Obama announced the Month of October 2009 as National Energy Awareness Month. From the proclamation: "We face a turning point in our Nation's energy policy. We can either remain the world's leading importer of oil, or we can become the world's leading exporter of clean energy technology. We can allow climate change to wreak unnatural havoc, or we can create jobs deploying low-carbon technologies to prevent its worst effects. Throughout our history, Americans have successfully confronted challenges that have tested our determination and our capacity to change. If we are to advance energy and climate security, we must focus on energy efficiency, promote sustainable industries, accelerate job training and job creation in these areas, and set effective and achievable standards for the generation and use of clean energy. As a Nation, we will lead by innovating, adapting to the global marketplace, and investing in the kind of sustainable future we want for the generations to come."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2009-10-02
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Report to the President on Reengineering the Influenza Vaccine Production Enterprise to Meet the Challenges of Pandemic Influenza
This report "examines how the Nation can more rapidly and reliably produce effective vaccines, at a sufficient scale to protect all of the Nation's residents, in response to the emergence of pandemic influenza. [...]. The report recommends a number of steps that can be taken over the next one to two years to cut several weeks from the time currently needed to produce the first doses of a new vaccine. In addition, PCAST [President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology] identified actions that could greatly improve the reliability of the vaccine manufacturing enterprise over a two to ten year timeframe, further shortening the time required to provide vaccine to the entire U.S. population. Several of the recommendations can also improve the Nation's ability to mount medical counter-measures against a variety of infectious agents. Finally, the successful production of an effective pandemic influenza vaccine requires coordinated actions on the part of government and the private sector; as part of its review, PCAST identified ways to better utilize public-private partnerships to optimize the Nation's vaccine production enterprise."
United States. Executive Office of the President
President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (U.S.)
2010-08
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Presidential Policy Directive 4: National Space Policy of the United States of America
"The legacy of success in space and its transformation also presents new challenges. When the space age began, the opportunities to use space were limited to only a few nations, and there were limited consequences for irresponsible or unintentional behavior. Now, we find ourselves in a world where the benefits of space permeate almost every facet of our lives. The growth and evolution of the global economy has ushered in an ever-increasing number of nations and organizations using space. The now-ubiquitous and interconnected nature of space capabilities and the world's growing dependence on them mean that irresponsible acts in space can have damaging consequences for all of us. For example, decades of space activity have littered Earth's orbit with debris; and as the world's space-faring nations continue to increase activities in space, the chance for a collision increases correspondingly. As the leading space-faring nation, the United States is committed to addressing these challenges. But this cannot be the responsibility of the United States alone. All nations have the right to use and explore space, but with this right also comes responsibility. The United States, therefore, calls on all nations to work together to adopt approaches for responsible activity in space to preserve this right for the benefit of future generations. From the outset of humanity's ascent into space, this Nation declared its commitment to enhance the welfare of humankind by cooperating with others to maintain the freedom of space. The United States hereby renews its pledge of cooperation in the belief that with strengthened inter¬national collaboration and reinvigorated U.S. leadership, all nations and peoples--space-faring and space-benefiting--will find their horizons broadened, their knowledge enhanced, and their lives greatly improved."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2010-06-28
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Open Government: A Progress Report to the American People
"For too long, the American people have experienced a culture of secrecy in Washington, where information is locked up, taxpayer dollars disappear without a trace, and lobbyists wield undue influence. For Americans, business as usual in Washington has reinforced the belief that government benefits the special interests and the well connected at the expense of the American people. But President Obama committed to change the way Washington works. And he has begun to do just that. On his first full day in office, President Obama signed the Memorandum on Transparency and Open Government, ushering in a new era of open and accountable government meant to bridge the gap between the American people and their government: the Administration is reducing the influence of special interests by writing new ethics rules that prevent lobbyists from coming to work in government or sitting on its advisory boards; the Administration is tracking how government uses the money with which the people have entrusted it with easy-to-understand websites like recovery.gov, USASpending.gov, and IT.usaspending.gov; the Administration has issued an Open Government Directive, instructing every government agency to open its doors and its data to the American people."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2009-12
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Expanding E-Government: Making a Difference for the American People Using Information Technology
The Office of Management and Budget has released this report highlighting the Administration's progress in making government more effective and citizen-centered through improved utilization and management of information technology. The report identifies the successes and aggressive goals set by agencies under the President's Management Agenda (PMA) E-Government Initiative to improve information resources management, enhance customer service, and for the first time, measure the impact, utilization, and effectiveness of programs on the users of these services.
United States. Executive Office of the President
2006-12
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Report of the Security Clearance Oversight Group Consistent with Title III of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004
According to this report, "Government agencies are making significant progress determining security clearance eligibility as called for by the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (IRTPA). Current investigative and adjudicative timeliness for 80% of the requests for initial clearances is generally as called for by IRTPA: 90 days or less for investigations and 30 days or less for adjudications. However having investigative timeliness and adjudicative timeliness for initial clearances at the levels called for by IRTPA does not mean we are most assuredly granting security clearances as quickly as desired or called for. The average time to conduct the investigation had been about one year for Top Secret clearances and 5 to 6 months for Secret/Confidential, a totally unacceptable length of time."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2007-02
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Immigration's Economic Impact
"This white paper assesses immigration's economic impact based on the professional literature and concludes that immigration has a positive effect on the American economy as a whole and on the income of native-born American workers. In 2006, foreign-born workers accounted for 15% of the U.S. labor force, and over the last decade they have accounted for about half of the growth in the labor force. That immigration has fueled U.S. macroeconomic growth is both uncontroversial and unsurprising -- more total workers yield more total output. That immigrant workers benefit from working in the United States is also uncontroversial and unsurprising -- few would come here otherwise. Assessing how immigration affects the well-being of U.S. natives is more complicated. This is because immigration's economic impact is complex and may play out over generations, and because not all natives are alike in terms of their economic characteristics. Even in retrospect it is not easy to distinguish the influence of immigration from that of other economic forces at work at the same time. Nor is it easy to project costs and benefits far into the future. Nonetheless, economists and demographers have made headway on many of the measurement problems."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2007-06-20
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FY 2007 Reporting Instructions for the Federal Information Security Management Act and Agency Privacy Management
"This memorandum provides instructions for meeting your agency's FY 2007 reporting requirements under the Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 (FISMA) (Title III, Pub. L. No. 107-347). It also includes reporting instructions on your agency's privacy management program. Because the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and Congress use this report to evaluate agency-specific and Government-wide security performance, it is especially important your agency's report clearly and accurately reflect the overall status of your program and not include conflicting views of, or unresolved differences among, the various parties contributing to the report including the Chief Information Officer (CIO), the Inspector General (IG), and the Senior Agency Official for Privacy (SAOP). Although the reporting categories and questions are generally the same as last year, there are some updates based on security and privacy policies issued within the last year."
United States. Executive Office of the President
Johnson, Clay, 1946-
2007-07-25
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Safeguarding Against and Responding to the Breach of Personally Identifiable Information
"As part of the work of the Identity Theft Task Force, this memorandum requires agencies to develop and implement a breach notification policy within 120 days. The attachments to this memorandum outline the framework within which agencies must develop this breach notification policy while ensuring proper safeguards are in place to protect the information. Agencies should note the privacy and security requirements addressed in this Memorandum apply to all Federal information and information systems. Breaches subject to notification requirements include both electronic systems as well as paper documents. In short, agencies are required to report on the security of information systems in any formant (e.g., paper, electronic, etc.)."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2007-05-22
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Leadership Under Challenge: Information Technology R&D in a Competitive World: An Assessment of the Federal Networking and Information Technology R&D Program
"This report presents a formal assessment of the Federal Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD) Program, beginning with a review of global networking and information technology competitiveness. We examined the NITRD Program in the broader context of U.S. networking and information technology (NIT) leadership and global competitiveness in order to provide you with a current picture of the U.S. competitive stance and an evaluation of how well the NITRD Program is positioned to help sustain and strengthen U.S. leadership in these critical technologies."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2007-08
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Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies: Updated Principles for Risk Analysis [September 19, 2007]
"Federal agencies take a variety of actions to improve public health, safety, and the environment. Agency activities designed to reduce risks are influenced by numerous factors, including Congressional priorities, information on the degree of risk faced by different populations, entities, or individuals, resources available, and the ease of implementing chosen priorities. Development of these actions often begins with an assessment of the risks posed under certain conditions, as well as assessments of the potential changes in risk achievable due to different policy options. […] This Memorandum reinforces the 1995 Principles with reference to more recent guidance from the scientific community, the Congress, and the Executive Branch. This Memorandum also benefits from feedback received on OMB's Proposed Risk Assessment Bulletin issued in 2006 (Proposed Risk Assessment Bulletin)."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2007-09-19
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Statement of Administration Policy: S. 372: Intelligence Authorization Act Fiscal Year 2007
"The Administration strongly opposes S. 372, as reported by the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence and modified by the Rockefeller/Bond Managers Amendment. The bill fails to authorize appropriations of sufficient funds with sufficient flexibility for the effective conduct of U.S. intelligence activities. The bill should authorize the funding requested by the Administration for the conduct of intelligence activities, and without enacting, as section 103 purports to do, statutes that would be kept secret from the American public to regulate intelligence activities."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2007-04-21
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Statement of Administration Policy: H.R. 5441, Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Bill, FY 2007
"The Administration supports House passage of the FY 2007 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Bill, as reported by the House Committee and commends the Committee for reporting this bill in a timely manner. The Administration appreciates the strong support provided by the Committee by funding homeland security priorities, including border and transportation security, the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, the Science and Technology Directorate, and infrastructure protection. The President's FY 2007 Budget holds total discretionary spending to $872.8 billion and cuts non-security discretionary spending below last year's level. The Budget funds priorities and meets these limits by proposing to reform, reduce, or terminate 141 lower-priority programs. The Administration urges Congress to fund priority needs while holding spending to these limits. The Administration looks forward to working with Congress to adopt the President's proposals to cut wasteful spending in order to maintain fiscal discipline to protect the American taxpayer and sustain a strong economy."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2006-05-25
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Statement of Administration Policy: H.R. 4939, Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Defense, the Global War on Terror, and Hurricane Recovery, 2006
"The Administration supports expeditious House passage of the FY 2006 Emergency Supplemental for the Global War on Terror and Hurricane Relief, as reported by the House Committee, and commends the Committee for its continued support of our fighting men and women in ongoing military and intelligence operations, selected other international activities, and hurricane relief and reconstruction. The Administration appreciates the Committee's strong commitments to the President's funding request for ongoing military operations in the Global War on Terror (GWOT) and the purchase of equipment directly related to those operations, and for confronting the threat to our forces from improvised explosive devices. The Administration commends the Committee for funding the President's request for international funding for counter-insurgency and stabilization activities in Iraq and urgent, unanticipated needs to help relieve human suffering, including in Sudan and other parts of Africa."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2006-03-15
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Implementing Management Controls to Support Increased Micro-purchase Threshold Hurricane Katrina Rescue and Relief Operations
"The attached document outlines actions agencies must take to implement the increased threshold in a responsible and effective manner. This guidance applies to all types of micro-purchases, but it is geared toward purchases made with the government wide purchase card. Cardholders and ordering officials must determine that prices are reasonable. In addition, certain laws will continue to apply, such as procurement integrity statutes and other laws providing for criminal and civil penalties. The General Services Administration (GSA) is developing supplementary guidance to (1) clarify laws and other requirements applicable to micro-purchases conducted under the increased threshold, and (2) help agency personnel determine whether a transaction is 'in support of Hurricane Katrina rescue and relief operations' and therefore allowable under section 101 of the Act."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2005-09-13
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Report to the President: Transformation and Opportunity: The Future of the U.S. Research Enterprise
"The United States is in the midst of a profound reorganization of how research is done, where it is done, who does it, and how its results find their way to the marketplace. This confluence of circumstances threatens the Nation's world-leading position in innovation and technology and the benefits it brings. […] This PCAST [President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology] report describes the nature of the current situation, the importance of what is at stake, and what has been the response to date of the U.S. science and technology enterprise. More importantly, it also discusses the kinds of actions that could create positive opportunities for the United States in the face of these troubling trends."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2012-11
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Recent Examples of the Economic Benefits from Investing in Infrastructure
"Investments in transportation infrastructure have substantial economic benefits, in both the short and the long run. Evidence of these benefits is clearly visible in many of the infrastructure projects that have recently been completed throughout the country. These investments, some of which are described in this report, result in the following benefits for Americans and our nation's economy: 1) Reduced congestion in key bottleneck areas, such as the I-10 bridge span replacement in New Orleans, LA and the new Woodrow Wilson Bridge connecting Virginia and Maryland, which helps to reduce the estimated $100 billion in congestion costs on roads and highways in urban areas. 2 )Improved safety on our nation's highways and bridges, such as the reconstruction of the I-10 / I-95 interchange in Jacksonville, Florida, which can both save lives and reduce bottlenecks on key thoroughfares. 3) Expanded public transit services to new communities, such as the Green Line light rail extension in Portland, OR, which get commuters and other travelers to their destinations in more efficient, less congestion-prone ways. 4) Rehabilitated and much-needed maintenance of aging infrastructure, such as the rehabilitation of a stretch of I-77 in North Carolina, which often results in the some of the highest returns on infrastructure investment. The U.S. economy relies heavily on transportation infrastructure, and these investments to improve the condition and performance of our infrastructure allow people and goods to move more efficiently and safely around the country. Without a well-functioning system of roads and highways, public transit, railways, seaports, and aviation, much of the activity in the U.S. economy would grind to halt."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2011-11
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2010 U.S. Intellectual Property Enforcement Coordinator Annual Report on Intellectual Property Enforcement
"As described in the Joint Strategic Plan, the U.S. Government supports strengthened intellectual property enforcement in order to grow the U.S. economy; create jobs for American workers and support for U.S. exports; promote innovation and the security of America's comparative advantage in the global economy; protect consumer trust and safety; protect national and economic security; and validate rights protected under our Constitution. I want to re-emphasize our commitment to these purposes and what we have been doing, and will do, to support them."
United States. Executive Office of the President
2011-02
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Guidance for Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD) 12 Implementation
This White house memorandum includes guidelines aimed at assisting agencies with their implementation activities for HSPD-12. The guidelines include questions agencies should have considered when planning for the use of Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials with physical and logical access control systems.
United States. Executive Office of the President
2008-05-23
