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Problem-Oriented Policing: Reflections on the First 20 Years
"This summary report describes how Herman Goldstein's problem-oriented policing framework has been developed and, at times, distorted in the many efforts to make it a standard way of policing. I prepared the report as a Visiting Fellow to the U.S. Department of Justice's Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS Office). I [the author] drew upon my personal experience, reviewed relevant literature and problem-oriented policing project reports, visited selected police departments, attended conferences, and talked extensively with Herman Goldstein and others well-versed in problem-oriented policing."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Scott, Michael S.
2000-10
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Global Privacy Resources
"To support justice agencies in their efforts to implement privacy, civil rights, and civil liberties policies and protections for the information they collect, store, maintain, access, share, and disseminate, the U.S. Department of Justice's (DOJ) Global Justice Information Sharing Initiative (Global) has published this Global Privacy Resources document as a road map to guide justice entities through the diverse privacy policy development and implementation products available today. The resources presented here were developed for state, local, and tribal (SLT) entities by DOJ's Global or Global partners or through DOJ collaborations with other federal agencies, such as the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Global recognizes that SLT justice entities come in all sizes, with a variety of roles and with varying degrees of available resources. This document was developed to illustrate the flexible suite of products available for every stage of an entity's privacy program cycle, each designed to meet a spectrum of privacy protection needs: 1. Educate and Raise Awareness 2. Assess Agency Privacy Risks 3. Develop the Privacy Policy 4. Perform a Policy Evaluation 5. Implement and Train 6. Conduct an Annual Review".
United States. Department of Justice. Global Justice Information Sharing Initiative
2011-07
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Global Justice Information Sharing Initiative: Privacy Policy Statement
"Privacy is a fundamental right protected by the U.S. Constitution and expected by citizens. Protecting individual privacy is a fundamental responsibility of justice agencies that collect and share personally identifiable information. Privacy is not just the right to be left alone. Rather, privacy refers to the fair collection and use of personally identifiable information. Privacy policies articulate appropriate collection of and allowable uses for information, as well as provide accountability for misuse."
United States. Department of Justice. Global Justice Information Sharing Initiative
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Problem-Oriented Guides for Police: Problem-Specific Guides
"The COPS [Community Oriented Policing Services] Office supports the development of guidebooks and other publications, web-based tools, and conferences to help police benefit from a full spectrum of POP [Problem-Oriented Policing ] strategies. COPS Office funding of the Center for Problem-Oriented Policing has resulted in the development of the www.popcenter.org web site, coordination of the Annual Problem-Oriented Policing Conferences, and the publication of more than 80 Problem-Oriented Guides for Police. Known collectively as 'POP Guides,' the series helps police and other stakeholders understand how to apply POP to specific crime and disorder problems. Three types of POP Guides are available: Problem-Specific Guides explore how POP can be used to address a specific crime and disorder problem. Problem-Solving Tools summarize types of data collection and analysis techniques for police to use in POP projects. Response Guides explore when and where police should use specific responses and the consequences, advantages, and disadvantages to using them. " This document provides a link to the full collection of Problem-Specific Guides with titles and subjects ranging across a broad spectrum of social problems from "Burglary of Retail Establishments" and "Witness Intimidation" to "Prescription Fraud" and "Clandestine Methamphetamine Labs".
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
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Problem-Oriented Guides for Police: Problem-Solving Tools
"The COPS [Community Oriented Policing Services] Office supports the development of guidebooks and other publications, web-based tools, and conferences to help police benefit from a full spectrum of POP [Problem-Oriented Policing ] strategies. COPS Office funding of the Center for Problem-Oriented Policing has resulted in the development of the www.popcenter.org web site, coordination of the Annual Problem-Oriented Policing Conferences, and the publication of more than 80 Problem-Oriented Guides for Police. Known collectively as 'POP Guides,' the series helps police and other stakeholders understand how to apply POP to specific crime and disorder problems. Three types of POP Guides are available: Problem-Specific Guides explore how POP can be used to address a specific crime and disorder problem. Problem-Solving Tools summarize types of data collection and analysis techniques for police to use in POP projects. Response Guides explore when and where police should use specific responses and the consequences, advantages, and disadvantages to using them. " This document provides a link to the full collection of Problem-Solving Tools with titles such as "Partnering with Businesses to Address Public Safety Problems," "Using Offender Interviews to Inform Police Problem Solvers" and "Analyzing Repeat Victimization."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
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Problem-Oriented Guides for Police: Response Guides
"The COPS [Community Oriented Policing Services] Office supports the development of guidebooks and other publications, web-based tools, and conferences to help police benefit from a full spectrum of POP [Problem-Oriented Policing ] strategies. COPS Office funding of the Center for Problem-Oriented Policing has resulted in the development of the www.popcenter.org web site, coordination of the Annual Problem-Oriented Policing Conferences, and the publication of more than 80 Problem-Oriented Guides for Police. Known collectively as 'POP Guides,' the series helps police and other stakeholders understand how to apply POP to specific crime and disorder problems. Three types of POP Guides are available: Problem-Specific Guides explore how POP can be used to address a specific crime and disorder problem. Problem-Solving Tools summarize types of data collection and analysis techniques for police to use in POP projects. Response Guides explore when and where police should use specific responses and the consequences, advantages, and disadvantages to using them. " This document provides a link to the full collection of Response Guides with titles such as "Sting Operations," "Video Surveillance of Public Places" and "Assigning Police Officers to Schools."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
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Proceedings of the New England Methamphetamine Summit and Listening Post [July 24, 2009]
"The purpose of this 1-day meeting was to both identify the nature of the methamphetamine problem for law enforcement, prevention, and treatment in the New England states; and to examine promising strategies to stem the tide of this emerging drug abuse threat. The meeting was a 'listening post' for federal agencies and an opportunity to provide current data profiles and trends of methamphetamine use in the region. Participants received tools and resources to enhance and support their capacity to respond in a comprehensive and strategic manner. "
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
2010-01
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First-Line Supervision Under Compstat and Community Policing - Lessons from Six Agencies
"Over the last 25 years, Compstat and community policing have emerged as powerful movements in U.S. police reform. Despite their importance, there are virtually no studies on how they work together when implemented in the same police organization. This report, the third in a series studying this co-implementation issue, focuses on front-line supervision. Patrol sergeants play a key role in what the police organization does and how it does it, yet little is known about how this rank has adapted, if at all, to the co-implementation of Compstat and community policing. Both reforms are heralded for being strategic--that is, they are designed to help heighten the police organization's capacity to identify problems in its environment, detect any changes, reallocate resources, and respond effectively. Presumably this 'big picture' approach to handling an unstable and uncertain environment should materialize in the kind of guidance that first-line supervisors receive from their superiors, in how they make decisions about what crime and disorder problems to focus upon, and in the kind of direction they give to the organization's largest resource--its patrol officers. We conducted focus groups at six police agencies, differing in size and organization that reported fully implementing Compstat and community policing, to learn how sergeants made decisions and offered guidance on crime and disorder problems. This report describes how these reforms have affected supervisory practices unevenly."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Willis, James J.
2011-03-27
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Strategic Communication Practices: A Toolkit for Police Executives
From an online abstract: "Strategic Communication Practices: A Toolkit for Police Executives was developed to help police executives communicate more effectively with their communities and organizations. It addresses the changes in the news media and how that has affected the way people obtain information. It is designed to provide greater insight into communications strategies and planning. It will provide examples of strategic communications plans and how police have used various communications tools to more effectively reach their community. It is a companion piece and builds on the 2010 Major Cities Chiefs Association/COPS [Community Oriented Policing Services] Office white paper -- Key Leadership Strategies to Enhance Communication."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Stephens, Darrel W.; Hill, Julia; Greenberg, Sheldon
2011-09
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Making Police Reforms Endure: The Keys for Success
"Making Police Reforms Endure: The Keys for Success presents a framework that other police departments can use and test in their efforts to institutionalize police reforms. The points put forth are based on findings in the authors' 2007 study of problem oriented policing in the Charlotte Mecklenburg (North Carolina) Police Department, but have general applicability to various police reforms such as problem oriented policing, community policing, and accountability measures. In addition, the guide discusses the key issue of the importance of understanding a department's culture when attempting to institutionalize police reforms. Such an assessment consists of examining officer attitudes, knowledge, and behavior toward reform. If deficiencies are found in any of these three areas, and if officer and organizational buy in is not obtained, the likelihood of the reform becoming institutionalized is very low. The policy and procedural changes and recommendations outlined in this publication will help departments obtain officer buy in. Throughout the document, the authors present 11 recommendations that can be considered strategies for implementing and institutionalizing police reform."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Ikerd, Trent; Walker, Samuel, 1942-
2010-04
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Promoting Partnerships between Police and Community Supervision Agencies: How Coordination Can Reduce Crime and Improve Public Safety
"The past two decades have witnessed a period of revitalization for the field of law enforcement, marked by the emergence of a new paradigm of policing that embraces data-driven decision-making, emphasizes partnerships with the community, and underscores the belief that policing can be effective in making neighborhoods safer. During the same period, community supervision agencies have experienced a parallel shift in focus and philosophy, suggesting the potential for such agencies to enhance their role in improving public safety. The potential impact that these supervisees2 have on public safety is undeniable: over two-thirds of released adult prisoners are arrested for a new crime within three years of release. While supervised populations may pose significant challenges for police and community supervision agencies, a partnership between the two can help them improve public safety. A community policing orientation, with a focus on building partnerships and engaging in problem-solving efforts to address crime, social disorder, and the fear of crime proactively, provides a strong foundation for collaboration between police and community supervision agencies. The two are allies and partners in the work of reintegrating parolees into their communities and managing probationers so that they refrain from criminal activity."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Jannetta, Jesse; Lachman, Pamela
2011-05
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Homeless Encampments
"This guide addresses homeless encampments, also known as transient camps. It begins by describing the problem and reviewing factors that contribute to it. It then identifies a series of questions to help you analyze your local problem. Finally, it reviews responses to the problem and what is known about them from evaluative research and police practice. Homeless encampments are only one aspect of the larger set of problems related to homelessness, street life, and public disorder. This guide does not cover all aspects of homelessness, only those that pertain to the small proportion of homeless people who live in encampments. Throughout this guide, the term 'transient' is often used to refer to this small group. Further, it addresses only the particular harms created by homeless encampments, not the issues commonly associated with homeless people. These related problems, each of which requires separate analysis, include: 1) chronic public intoxication, 2) panhandling, 3) loitering, 4) trespassing, 5) shoplifting, 6) drug dealing, 7) mental illness, and 8) disorder at day laborer sites. A discussion of the broad economic and social conditions that give rise to homelessness and to homeless encampments is beyond the scope of this guide."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Chamard, Sharon
2010-01
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Asset Forfeiture
"This guide reviews the application of asset forfeiture to specific crime problems, examines the legal arrangements for its use, discusses the benefits and consequences to its use, and provides recommendations for launching an asset forfeiture program."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Worral, John L.
2008-11
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Sting Operations
"Sting operations have been part of the modern police response to crime for over 40 years, although artful deceptions and undercover operations have been part of police techniques for as long as policing has existed. This response guide for police by Graeme R. Newman, with the assistance of Kelly Socia, takes a broad approach to include a wide range of crime types, and the different sting operations that target them. This guide is intended to help law enforcement decide whether a sting operation would be right for them by reviewing both the benefits and negative consequences of sting operations."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Newman, Graeme R.; Socia, Kelly M.
2007-10
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Improving Street Lighting to Reduce Crime in Residential Areas
"This guide reviews the use of street lighting to help reduce crime in residential areas, discusses the factors to examine when considering upgrading or improving street lighting, and recommends steps to take when implementing a street lighting improvement plan. It explains why improved street lighting can help reduce fear of crime, summarizes the literature on the effectiveness of better lighting, and suggests measures that can be used to assess the effectiveness of lighting solutions that have been implemented."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Clarke, R. V. G.
2008-12
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Dealing with Crime and Disorder in Urban Parks
"Dealing With Crime and Disorder in Urban Parks reviews how a park's design, maintenance, and policing can affect its crime and disorder problems. This guide also makes recommendations to help police take an important leadership role in reclaiming an urban park and ensuring that its facilities can once again benefit a broad spectrum of citizens."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Hilborn, Jim
2009-05
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Crime Prevention Publicity Campaigns
"Developing innovative efforts to reduce crime and social disorder is an integral part of modern police work. Law enforcement agencies that undertake such interventions should consider advertising their work and ideas. This response guide shows how law enforcement agencies can help remove crime opportunities by teaching and encouraging the public to adopt better self-protection measures, or to warn offenders of increased police vigilance. When designed properly, publicity campaigns can offer law enforcement agencies another problem-solving tool in the fight against crime."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Barthe, Emmanuel
2006-06
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Methamphetamine Summit: A Process in Collaboration and Decision Making
"When the recent surge of methamphetamine use first appeared in the late 1990s, the nation was caught by surprise. Law enforcement officials, drug trend experts, and prevention and drug treatment specialists were unprepared to confront the highly addictive and easily 'homegrown' substance. Although the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) warned stakeholders that methamphetamine was no longer confined to the west coast but was rapidly moving into the Midwest and the South, few policymakers listened. Soon states other than California realized that methamphetamine could be easily produced using over-the-counter materials in makeshift clandestine labs. While methamphetamine was similar to other illegal drugs in generating violence, crime, and addiction, methamphetamine is distinct from other drugs in two aspects: meth labs pose nightmarish levels of long-lasting environmental damage, and there isn't a 'typical' methamphetamine user. Meth labs emit highly toxic fumes and involve volatile chemicals that cause severe injury or death if inhaled or touched, and are prone to fire and explosions. Once methamphetamine has been produced, the remaining waste and by-product residue pose an entire new level of hazard. The extensive environmental damage requires a response from biologists, ecologists, and toxic waste impact and disposal specialists."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Deutch, Heidi
2011-05
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Technologies for Public Safety in Critical Incident Response September 27, 2004
William F. Pelgrin of the New York Office of Cyber Security & Critical Infrastructure Coordination, gives this presentation on Technologies for Public Safety in Critical Incident Response at the 2004 National Institute of Justice Annual Technology Conference.
United States. Department of Justice; United States. Department of Homeland Security
Pelgrin, William F.
2004-09-27
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Interoperable Communications Technology Program (ICTP) Assessment: Best Practices and Lessons Learned
"From 2003 through 2006, the U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS Office) awarded 65 grants totaling $250 million to local law enforcement agencies across the United States under its Interoperable Communications Technology Program (ICTP). The purpose of these grants was to fund projects that explored uses of equipment and technologies to increase interoperability and data information sharing among the law enforcement, fire service, and emergency medical service communities. With thorough and rigorous planning, these projects helped to demonstrate how new technologies and operating methods could help communities achieve interoperability. This report describes the findings of an ICTP assessment study conducted by the Institute for Law and Justice (ILJ), in which they examined the grant implementation process of the ICTP grantees. The report describes successful practices to improve interoperability and build stronger multiagency and multidisciplinary partnerships. It also highlights ten best practices that could help improve agencies in both critical incident and day-to-day operations."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Webster, Barbara, 1947-; McEwen, J. Thomas
2012-03
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Violent Repeat Victimization: Prospects and Challenges for Research and Practice [audio]
In this audio presentation titled "Violent Repeat Victimization: Prospect and Challenges from Research and Practice," Dr. Janet Lauitsen, from the University of Missouri at St. Louis, presents on existing research, repeat victimization and the impact it has on violent crime rates. "Dr. Lauritsen summarizes existing research on repeat violent victimization, both here in the United States and abroad. She provides new findings from the National Crime Victimization Survey about the potential impact that reducing repeat victimization might have on rates of violence in the U.S. She discusses possible factors that can be used to predict whether victimization is likely to be repeated and suggest how such information can inform policy and practice. She also discusses several factors, such as persistent exposure to offenders, that appear to be unique to repeat victimization and most relevant to developing effective policies and practices.We also captured an interview with Dr. Lauritsen in which she discusses in three short segments: [1] What is the National Crime Victimization Survey? [2] Why is it so difficult to predict the likelihood of repeat victimization? [3] How should victim service providers be evaluated? This presentation requires Adobe Flash Player 11.2.202.235. The duration of the presentation is approximately 1:25:18. To find the transcript of the presentation and interview with Dr. Janet Lauritsen visit the following webpage: http://www.nij.gov/events/research-real-world.htm
National Institute of Justice (U.S.); United States. Department of Justice
Lauritsen, Janet L.
2012-04
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Integration of Crime Analysis into Patrol Work: A Guidebook
"Reviews of over 30 years of policing research show that the most effective police strategies are those that are focused on areas, places, and offenders that contribute to a disproportionate amount of crime and disorder. The evidence suggests that when police target 'hot spots' of crime, they can have a significant impact on overall crime levels. A common component in effective police strategies is the use of systematic crime analysis to help guide and prioritize crime reduction efforts, as police agencies are continually challenged with limited resources, deployment issues, and other pressures that test their capacity to provide quality public safety service and implement crime reduction strategies. [...] This guidebook has been developed for mid-level managers and commanders of police agencies who are looking for guidance in fully incorporating crime analysis into their agency, particularly into patrol. The guide presents a series of considerations and recommendations for crime analysis integration, provides crime analysis product examples that have been implemented into innovative police agencies around the United States, discusses key issues of implementation, and outlines an implementation framework strategy. Notably, this guide is not a detailed plan that can be taken and immediately adopted by any one agency, but is a practical overview of the importance of crime analysis and its usefulness and offers recommendations and examples for crime analysis integration."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Taylor, Bruce G.; Santos, Rachel Boba; Egge, Jeff
2011-09
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Guidelines for Access, Retention, Use, and Dissemination by the National Counterterrorism Center and Other Agencies of Information in Datasets Containing Non-Terrorism Information
"NCTC's [National Counterterrorism Center] access to, and acquisition, retention, use, and dissemination of, information covered by these Guidelines will be for authorized NCTC purposes. Pursuant to Executive Order 13388 and consistent with the National Security Act of 1947, as amended, and the March 4,2003 Memorandum ofUnderstanding between the Intelligence Community, Federal Law Enforcement Agencies, and the Department ofHomeland Security Concerning Information Sharing, NCTC shall be afforded prompt access to all federal information and datasets that may constitute or contain terrorism information. NCTC may access or acquire datasets that may constitute or contain terrorism information, including those identified as containing non-terrorism information, such as information pertaining exclusively to domestic terrorism and other information maintained by executive departments and agencies that has not been identified as terrorism information, in order to acquire, retain, and disseminate terrorism information pursuant to NCTC's statutory authorities consistent with these Guidelines."
United States. Office of the Director of National Intelligence; United States. Department of Justice
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Developing Interoperability: Standard Operating Procedures
"Standard operating procedures are one of the five 'critical success factors' essential for interoperable communications. This Issue Brief will describe: 1) the public safety community's need for standard operating procedure (SOP) models; 2) the SOP models that are available for use; 3) the five-step SOP development and testing process; 4) the critical importance of involving end users to ensure operational utility (that the policies actually work in the real world); and 5) the expected operational benefits."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Krauss, Benjamin R.
2012-03
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Law Enforcement Analytic Standards 2nd Edition
"The intelligence analyst is critical to the planning, intelligence, and investigative activities of a law enforcement agency. In this environment, analysts require the relevant experience, expertise, and training to perform their jobs effectively. [...] As a result of a review of subsequent publications on analytical standards since 2004, Global and the CICC have published this 2012 version that reflects current progress toward institutionalizing the role of the analyst. In its entirety, this version describes management's role in shaping the analyst's environment-from hiring and supervising through producing professional products for investigators and decision makers."
United States. Department of Justice. Global Justice Information Sharing Initiative
2012-04
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Tribal Law and Order Act (TLOA): Long Term Plan to Build and Enhance Tribal Justice Systems
In recent decades, Tribal Nations have faced significant problems in addressing public safety issues. Violent crime rates in Indian country are more than 2.5 times the national rate; some reservations face more than 20 times the national rate of violence. Some tribes lack the funding and infrastructure to address these problems. Indian country correctional facilities are inadequate in number and funding may not be sufficient for operations, maintenance and programming. In some Tribal Nations, there are insufficient alternatives to incarceration. In 2010 Congress passed the Tribal Law and Order Act (TLOA) to address these problems. The goal of TLOA is to improve public safety and justice systems in Indian country. TLOA mandates that the Departments of Justice (DOJ) and the Interior (DOI) develop, in consultation with Tribal Leaders and tribal justice professionals, a long term plan to address incarceration and the alternatives to it in Indian country. DOJ and DOI obtained substantial input from tribal justice officials, including law enforcement, courts, and corrections. DOJ and DOI conducted a series of consultations with Tribal Leaders across the country; conducted focus groups with tribal justice officials; hosted webinars; created a multi-agency Work Group on Corrections ('Work Group') to provide recommendations on action steps; and drafted a Tribal Justice Plan (Plan) for public comment. Those comments were incorporated into the final Plan submitted to Congress.
United States. Department of Justice; United States. Department of the Interior
2011-08
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Impact of the Economic Downturn on American Police Agencies
"Faced with these dramatic budget contractions, law enforcement leaders have begun identifying the most cost conscious ways to deliver police services, and developing a new model of policing that will ensure that communities continue to receive the quality police protection they are entitled to. In a 2011 survey of police chiefs conducted by the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), 94 percent of respondents agreed that they were seeing 'a new reality in American policing developing' (IACP 2011). Police agencies are some of the hardest hit by the current economic climate. Curtailing revenues nationwide have forced local governments to make cuts in spending across the board, which includes public safety operating budgets. While budget cuts threaten the jobs of law enforcement officers, the duties and responsibilities to ensure public safety remain. However, to date, there has been no systematic way of measuring the impact the economic downturn has had on police agencies across the country. This report intends to delve into the existing information, research the ways in which law enforcement agencies have been affected, and examine the ways they have responded."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
2011-10
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Drugs of Abuse: A DEA Resource Guide, 2011 Edition
"The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) places all substances which were in some manner regulated under existing federal law into one of five schedules. This placement is based upon the substance's medical use, potential for abuse, and safety or dependence liability. The Act also provides a mechanism for substances to be controlled (added to or transferred between schedules) or decontrolled (removed from control)."
United States. Drug Enforcement Administration; United States. Department of Justice
2011
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2011 National Drug Threat Assessment
"The illicit trafficking and abuse of drugs present a challenging, dynamic threat to the United States. Overall demand is rising, largely supplied by illicit drugs smuggled to U.S. markets by major transnational criminal organizations (TCOs). Changing conditions continue to alter patterns in drug production, trafficking, and abuse. Traffickers are responding to government counterdrug efforts by modifying their interrelationships, altering drug production levels, and adjusting their trafficking routes and methods. Major Mexican-based TCOs continue to solidify their dominance over the wholesale illicit drug trade as they control the movement of most of the foreign-produced drug supply across the U.S. Southwest Border."
National Drug Intelligence Center (U.S.); United States. Department of Justice
2011-08
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Stalking and Domestic Violence: Report to Congress
"The Violence Against Women Act (VAWA), Title IV of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (Public Law 103--322), improved our country's response to violence against women, including domestic violence, stalking, and sexual assault. VAWA and its recent reauthorization, the Violence Against Women Act of 2000, have transformed criminal and civil justice system efforts to address these serious crimes, bringing communities together to move forward to end violence against women. Police officers, prosecutors, victim advocates, and members of the judiciary are collaborating to leverage the coercive power of the criminal justice system to enhance victim safety and hold offenders accountable. To help support these initiatives, the U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs (OJP), has provided tools and resources to implement coordinated community responses to violence against women and to fund basic research to expand understanding of stalking and domestic violence. This report to Congress is part of an ongoing commitment to share information about strategies that show promise in the field and about the development of laws addressing stalking. It is produced in response to Subtitle F of VAWA, which directs the U.S. Attorney General to submit a report on these issues."
United States. Department of Justice. Office on Violence against Women
2001-05
