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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control [March 2022]
From the Overview: "Multiple and overlapping political, public health, and law enforcement challenges resulted in a mixed picture for global drug control in 2021. While addressing drug trafficking and abuse is always a formidable task, the intensity of these combined factors in 2021 was unprecedented. For the third year in a row the loss of life from drug overdoses in the United States reached devastating record highs, with over 91,000 deaths in 2020 and over 100,000 in the 12-month period ending in April 2021, according to preliminary figures from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). These figures represent 30 percent and 28.5 percent increases over the previous year, respectively. The deadly synthetic drug fentanyl was responsible for more than 60 percent of overdose deaths, although deaths from methamphetamine, cocaine, and prescription pain medication also increased."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2022-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Volume II: Money Laundering [March 2022]
From the Overview: "Despite COVID-19's [coronavirus disease 2019's] continued disruption of governments and commercial activity around the globe in 2021, money laundering remains a serious global threat. Its impact is considerable: it contributes to the breakdown of the rule of law; corruption of public officials; destabilization of economies; and threatens political stability, democracy, and free markets around the globe. Increasingly sophisticated criminal organizations, terrorists, kleptocrats, and other illicit actors continue to seek out the weak links in global anti-money laundering/combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) countermeasures. The 2022 edition of the Congressionally mandated 'International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Volume II: Money Laundering' focuses specifically on the threat of narcotics-related money laundering. The report reviews the AML legal and institutional infrastructure of jurisdictions and highlights the most significant steps each has taken to improve its AML regime. It also describes key vulnerabilities and deficiencies of these regimes, identifies each jurisdiction's capacity to cooperate in international investigations, and highlights the U.S. provision of AML-related technical assistance."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2022-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control [March 2021]
From the Introduction: "The Department of State's 2021 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) is one of several annual reports on foreign policy and foreign assistance that the United States Congress has mandated. Published in March 2021, the report covers the period January 1 to December 31, 2020 and includes two volumes: Volume I, Drug and Chemical Control, and Volume II, Money Laundering."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2021-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Volume II: Money Laundering [March 2021]
From the Overview: "The 2021 edition of the Congressionally mandated 'International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Volume II: Money Laundering' focuses on the exposure to this threat in the specific context of narcotics-related money laundering. The report reviews the anti-money laundering (AML) legal and institutional infrastructure of jurisdictions and highlights the most significant steps each has taken to improve its AML regime. It also describes key vulnerabilities and deficiencies of these regimes, identifies each jurisdiction's capacity to cooperate in international investigations, and highlights the United States' provision of AML-related technical assistance."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2021-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control [March 2020]
From the Introduction: "The Department of State's 2020 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR), published in March 2020, covers the period January 1 to December 31, 2019 and is published in two volumes, the second of which covers money laundering and financial crimes. The INCSR is one of a number of annual reports on foreign policy and foreign assistance issues that are mandated by the United States Congress."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2020-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: Volume II: Money Laundering [March 2020]
From the Document: "The 2020 volume on 'Money Laundering' is a legislatively-mandated section of the annual International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR). [...] The FAA [Foreign Assistance Act of 1961] requires the State Department to produce a report on the extent to which each country or entity that received assistance under chapter 8 of Part I of the Foreign Assistance Act in the past two fiscal years has 'met the goals and objectives of the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances' ('1988 UN Drug Convention') (FAA § 489(a)(1)(A)). In addition to identifying countries in relation to illicit narcotics, the INCSR is mandated to identify 'major money laundering countries' (FAA §489(a)(3)(C)). The INCSR also is required to report findings on each country's adoption of laws and regulations to prevent narcotics-related money laundering (FAA §489(a)(7)(C)). This volume is the section of the INCSR that reports on money laundering and country efforts to address it."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2020-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Volume II: Money Laundering [March 2019]
From the Document: "Money laundering, both at the country and multilateral levels, remains a significant crime issue despite robust, multifaceted efforts to address it. While arriving at a precise figure for the amount of criminal proceeds laundered is impossible, some studies by relevant international organizations estimate it may constitute 2-5 percent of global GDP [gross domestic product]. [...] The 2019 edition of the Congressionally-mandated 'International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Volume II: Money Laundering' focuses on the exposure to this threat - in the specific context of narcotics-related money laundering - of jurisdictions around the world. As with past reports, it provides a review of the AML [anti-money laundering] legal and institutional infrastructure of each jurisdiction, highlights the most significant steps each has taken to improve its AML regime, describes key vulnerabilities, and identifies each jurisdiction's capacity to share information and cooperate in international investigations."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2019-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control [March 2019]
From the Document: "Volume 1 of the 2019 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report provides an overview of actions taken during the previous year by the governments of nearly 70 countries to reduce illicit drug production, trafficking, and use. This global challenge bears more direct impact on the health and safety of Americans than at any time in our history. According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 70,000 people died in the United States from drug overdoses in 2017, making drug overdoses the leading cause of premature deaths in the country. The vast majority of the illicit drugs responsible for these deaths originate outside the United States, placing drug supply and demand reduction among the most urgent U.S. foreign policy priorities."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2019-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control [March 2018]
"The Department of State's International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) has been prepared in accordance with section 489 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended (the 'FAA,' 22 U.S.C. § 2291). The 2018 INCSR, published in March 2018, covers the year January 1 to December 31, 2017 and is published in two volumes, the second of which covers money laundering. In addition to addressing the reporting requirements of section 489 of the FAA (as well as sections 481(d)(2) and 484(c) of the FAA and section 804 of the Narcotics Control Trade Act of 1974, as amended), the INCSR provides the factual basis for the designations contained in the President's report to Congress on the major drug-transit or major illicit drug producing countries initially set forth in section 591 of the Kenneth M. Ludden Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2002 (P.L. 107-115) (the 'FOAA'), and now made permanent pursuant to section 706 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003 (P.L. 107-228) (the 'FRAA')."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2018-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: Volume II: Money Laundering [March 2018]
"As political stability, democracy, and free markets depend on solvent, stable, and honest financial, commercial, and trade systems, the continued development of effective AML regimes consistent with international standards and able to meet evolving challenges is vital. Money laundering facilitates drug trafficking and fuels criminal activity around the world. It is a key tool of drug traffickers, transnational criminal organizations, and terrorist groups, and it contributes to the breakdown of the rule of law, the corruption of public officials, and destabilization of economies. This threat is recognized as a national security priority of the United States in the 2018 National Security Strategy and the 2017 Executive Order 13773, Enforcing Federal Law with Respect to Transnational Criminal Organizations and Preventing International Trafficking. This report is one response to the threat."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2018-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Volume II: Money Laundering and Financial Crimes
"The 2017 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Money Laundering and Financial Crimes, highlights the most significant steps countries and jurisdictions categorized as 'Major Money Laundering Countries' have taken to improve their anti-money laundering (AML) regimes. The legislatively mandated annual report provides a snapshot of the AML legal infrastructure of each country or jurisdiction and its capacity to share information and cooperate in international investigations. The narrative for each jurisdiction also provides a link to the most recent mutual evaluation performed by or on behalf of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) or the FATF-style regional body to which the country or jurisdiction belongs, which will allow those interested readers to find additional detailed information on the country's AML capacity and the effectiveness of its programs."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2017-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control
"The Department of State's International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) [for 2017] […] covers the year January 1 to December 31, 2016 […] [T]he INCSR provides the factual basis for the designations contained in the President's report to Congress on the major drug-transit or major illicit drug producing countries […] The President is also required in that report to identify any country on the majors list that has 'failed demonstrably . . . to make substantial efforts' during the previous 12 months to adhere to international counternarcotics agreements and to take certain counternarcotics measures set forth in U.S. law. U.S. assistance under the current foreign operations appropriations act may not be provided to any country designated as having 'failed demonstrably' unless the President determines that the provision of such assistance is vital to U.S. national interests or that the country, at any time after the President's initial report to Congress, has made 'substantial efforts' to comply with the counternarcotics conditions in the legislation. […] The 2017 INCSR covers countries that range from major drug producing and drug transit countries, where drug control is a critical element of national policy, to small countries or entities where drug issues or the capacity to deal with them are minimal. The reports vary in the extent of their coverage. For key drug-control countries, where considerable information is available, we have provided comprehensive reports. For some smaller countries or entities where only limited information is available, we have included whatever data the responsible post could provide."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2017-03
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Cartels and the U.S. Heroin Epidemic: Combating Drug Violence and Public Health Crisis, Testimony of Daniel Foote, Deputy Assistant Secretary, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, Before the Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere, Transnational Crime, Civilian Security, Democracy, Human Rights, and Global Women's Issues, Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate, One Hundred Fourteenth Congress, Second Session, May 26, 2016
"The flow of illicit narcotics across our shared border with Mexico threatens citizen security in both countries. Recognizing that we have a shared responsibility to address common challenges, in 2007, the United States forged a comprehensive security partnership with Mexico. Through the Merida Initiative, we work in partnership with Mexico to build the capacity of Mexican institutions to counter organized crime, uphold the rule of law, and protect our shared border from the movement of illicit drugs, money, and goods. The need for effective collaboration is now more important than ever. Heroin and fentanyl-laced heroin is a public health crisis in the United States, and Mexican drug trafficking organizations are the primary suppliers of heroin to the United States. We must aggressively respond to this growing threat in concert with our broader work through the Merida Initiative to counter all illicit drugs and to end the impunity with which trafficking organizations are able to operate, putting their leaders in jail, seizing their weapons, drugs, and money, and dismantling their illicit businesses."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2016-05-26
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control [March 2016]
"The Department of State's International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) has been prepared in accordance with section 489 of the Foreign Assistance Act (FAA) of 1961, as amended (the 'FAA,' 22 U.S.C. § 2291) [United States Code]. The 2016 INCSR, published in March 2016, covers the year January 1 to December 31, 2015 and is published in two volumes, the second of which covers money laundering and financial crimes. In addition to addressing the reporting requirements of section 489 of the FAA (as well as sections 481(d)(2) and 484(c) of the FAA and section 804 of the Narcotics Control Trade Act of 1974, as amended), the INCSR provides the factual basis for the designations contained in the President's report to Congress on the major drug-transit or major illicit drug producing countries initially set forth in section 591 of the Kenneth M. Ludden Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2002 (P.L. 107-115) (the 'FOAA'), and now made permanent pursuant to section 706 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003 (P.L. 107-228) (the 'FRAA')."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2016-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: Volume II - Money Laundering and Financial Crimes [March 2016]
"The Money Laundering and Financial Crimes section of the Department of State's International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) has been prepared in accordance with section 489 of the Foreign Assistance Act (FAA) of 1961, as amended (the 'FAA,' 22 U.S.C. § 2291) [United States Code]. The 2016 INCSR is the 32nd annual report prepared pursuant to the FAA.1 The FAA requires a report on the extent to which each country or entity that received assistance under chapter 8 of Part I of the Foreign Assistance Act in the past two fiscal years has 'met the goals and objectives of the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances' ('1988 UN Drug Convention') (FAA § 489(a)(1)(A)). Although the 1988 UN Drug Convention does not contain a list of goals and objectives, it does set forth a number of obligations the parties agree to undertake. Generally speaking, it requires the parties to take legal measures to outlaw and punish all forms of illicit drug production, trafficking, and drug money laundering; to control chemicals that can be used to process illicit drugs; and to cooperate in international efforts to these ends. The statute lists action by foreign countries on the following issues as relevant to evaluating performance under the 1988 UN Drug Convention: illicit cultivation, production, distribution, sale, transport and financing, money laundering, asset seizure, extradition, mutual legal assistance, law enforcement and transit cooperation, precursor chemical control, and demand reduction."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2016-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control [March 2015]
From the U.S. Department of State Media Note, "The U.S. Department of State submitted the International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) to Congress today. The two-volume report offers a comprehensive assessment of the efforts of foreign governments to reduce illicit narcotics production, trafficking and use, in keeping with their international obligations under UN treaties, while also presenting information on governments' efforts to counter money laundering and terrorist financing. The Drugs and Chemical Control section of the INCSR covers the efforts of nearly 90 countries and jurisdictions. "
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2015-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: Volume II - Money Laundering and Financial Crimes [March 2015]
From the U.S. Department of State Media Note, "The U.S. Department of State submitted the International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) to Congress today. The two-volume report offers a comprehensive assessment of the efforts of foreign governments to reduce illicit narcotics production, trafficking and use, in keeping with their international obligations under UN treaties, while also presenting information on governments' efforts to counter money laundering and terrorist financing. [...] "The second section, Money-Laundering and Financial Crimes, describes the efforts of Major Money Laundering Countries to implement strong anti-money laundering and counterterrorist financing regimes. The Report is a requirement of section 489 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.""
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2015-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: Volume II - Money Laundering and Financial Crimes [March 2014]
"The Money Laundering and Financial Crimes section of the Department of State's 'International Narcotics Control Strategy Report' (INCSR) has been prepared in accordance with section 489 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [FAA], as amended […].The FAA requires a report on the extent to which each country or entity that received assistance under chapter 8 of Part I of the Foreign Assistance Act in the past two fiscal years has 'met the goals and objectives of the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances' […]. In attempting to evaluate whether countries and certain entities are meeting the goals and objectives of the 1988 UN Drug Convention, the Department has used the best information it has available. The 2014 INCSR covers countries that range from major drug producing and drug-transit countries, where drug control is a critical element of national policy, to small countries or entities where drug issues or the capacity to deal with them are minimal. In addition to identifying countries as major sources of precursor chemicals used in the production of illicit narcotics, the INCSR is mandated to identify major money laundering countries […].The INCSR also is required to report findings on each country's adoption of laws and regulations to prevent narcotics-related money laundering […]. This report is the section of the INCSR that reports on money laundering and financial crimes."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2014-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control [March 2014]
"The 2014 INCSR [International Narcotics Control Strategy Report], published in March 2014, covers the year January 1 to December 31, 2013 and is published in two volumes, the second of which covers money laundering and financial crimes. […] [T]he INCSR provides the factual basis for the designations contained in the President's report to Congress on the major drug-transit or major illicit drug producing countries initially set forth in section 591 of the Kenneth M. Ludden Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2002 […].The country chapters report upon actions taken - including plans, programs, and, where applicable, timetables - toward fulfillment of [the 1988 UN Drug] Convention obligations. Because the 1988 UN Drug Convention's subject matter is so broad and availability of information on elements related to performance under the Convention varies widely within and among countries, the Department's views on the extent to which a given country or entity is meeting the goals and objectives of the Convention are based on the overall response of the country or entity to those goals and objectives. Reports will often include discussion of foreign legal and regulatory structures. Although the Department strives to provide accurate information, this report should not be used as the basis for determining legal rights or obligations under U.S. or foreign law."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2014-03
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INL Guide to Justice Sector Assistance
From the Document: "The 'Guide to Justice Sector Assistance' is intended as a resource for the Department of State's Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL). It provides a general orientation to INL's justice sector assistance, as well as the guiding principles and programmatic approaches commonly used in justice sector reform, to aid INL staff in designing and administering assistance programs. For the purposes of this guide, the term 'justice sector' encompasses the core institutions and actors involved in the prosecution, defense, and adjudication of criminal matters, e.g., the judiciary and court system, prosecutorial services, criminal defense counsel, legal assistance providers (including civil society), government entities such as the Ministry of Justice, and the legal framework."
United States. Department of State; United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2013-11
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report [March 2013]
This document contains Volumes I and II of the 2013 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, released by the U.S. Department of State. Volume I examines drug and chemical control, while Volume II provides information on money laundering and financial crimes. "The 2013 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report provides an overview of steps taken during the previous year by the governments of over 90 countries to reduce illicit narcotics production, trafficking and use. Efforts towards these common goals are required by treaties endorsed by virtually all member states of the United Nations, and the United States strongly supports these legal instruments both through its own domestic efforts and by providing assistance to help reinforce the work of foreign partners to enhance their capacities to achieve sustainable results. U.S. assistance can play an important role in bolstering the efforts of committed governments to reduce illicit drug supplies, strengthen criminal justice systems and correctional institutions, and promote advances in prevention and treatment. By supporting international efforts to reduce the flow of illicit drugs to the United States, U.S. assistance directly supports the public health and safety of U.S. citizens. U.S. assistance also helps support key U.S. foreign policy objectives by strengthening the ability of international partners to provide security for their citizens and safeguard the rule of law. However, as this report underscores, U.S. assistance can only supplement domestic efforts by partner governments; there is no substitute for a host-nation's commitment to overcome the difficult, long-term challenges of confronting drug-related crime and corruption."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2013-03
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Illicit Financial Flows (Dirty Money) and Safe Havens as Enablers of Transnational Organized Crime
From the remarks of David M. Luna: "I would like to address an issue that is of increasing concern to those charged with protecting businesses and communities around the world: illicit financial hubs and how the provision of legal and professional services, either wittingly or unwittingly, facilitates the laundering of dirty money through illicit financial transactions. Such activities corrupt the integrity of financial systems around the world and the vitality of legitimate markets. Money is the common denominator of every type of illicit activity, from terrorism to wildlife trafficking. If kleptocrats, criminal organizations, and terrorists cannot launder their money, they will have a harder time spending it, thereby decreasing their ability to finance their illicit activities and enjoy their wealth."
United States. Department of State; United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
Luna, David M.
2012-11-17
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Destructive Impact of Illicit Trade and the Illegal Economy on Economic Growth, Sustainable Development, and Global Security
From the remarks of David M. Luna: "So why is there so much attention on illicit trade and the illegal economy? As Moises Naim underscored in his well-known book Illicit, 'Global criminal activities are transforming the international system, upending the rules, creating new players, and reconfiguring power in international politics and economics.' Moises penned those alarming words in 2005. Today, global criminal activities have transformed the system, changed the rules, and altered power dynamics across the globe. It is a fact that the global illicit economy is experiencing a boom thanks to a wide spectrum of illicit activities: narcotics, kidnapping-for-ransom, arms trafficking, human smuggling and trafficking, the trade in stolen and counterfeit goods, bribery, and money laundering, to name just a small cross-section. According to some estimates, the illegal economy accounts for 8 to 15 percent of world GDP, distorting local economies, diminishing legitimate business revenues, fueling conflict, and deteriorating social conditions. As some of our speakers will underscore, the reality of today's global economy is one of convergence. One in which legal business transactions and legitimate commerce both perpetuate and feed off the illegal economy; one in which illegal arms brokers and narcotics kingpins are acting in practice as the new CEOs and venture capitalists. From Wall Street to other financial centers across the globe, illicit networks are infiltrating and corrupting licit markets, reducing productivity, and dis-incentivizing investments in research and development--not to mention, jeopardizing public health, emaciating communities' human capital, and eroding the security of our institutions and destabilizing fragile governments."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
Luna, David M.
2012-10-26
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: Volume II, Money Laundering and Financial Crimes, March 2012
"The 2012 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Money Laundering and Financial Crimes, highlights the most significant steps countries and jurisdictions categorized as --Major Money Laundering Countries�- have taken to improve their anti-money laundering/counter-terrorist financing (AML/CFT) regimes. The report provides a snapshot of the AML/CFT legal infrastructure of each country or jurisdiction and its capacity to share information and cooperate in international investigations. For each country where they have been completed, the write-up also provides a link to the most recent mutual evaluation performed by or on behalf of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) or the FATF-style regional body to which the country or jurisdiction belongs. When applicable, relevant country reports also provide links to the Department of State's ―Country Reports on Terrorism so the reader can learn more about issues specific to terrorism and terrorism financing. Providing these links will allow those interested readers to find detailed information on the country's AML/CFT capacity and the effectiveness of its programs."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2012-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: Volume I, Drug and Chemical Control, March 2012
The following has been taken from the introduction: "The Department of State's International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) has been prepared in accordance with section 489 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended (the 'FAA,' 22 U.S.C. § 2291). The 2012 INCSR, published in March 2012, covers the year January 1 to December 31, 2011 and is published in two volumes, the second of which covers money laundering and financial crimes. … In attempting to evaluate whether countries and certain entities are meeting the goals and objectives of the 1988 UN Drug Convention, the Department has used the best information it has available. The 2012 INCSR covers countries that range from major drug producing and drug-transit countries, where drug control is a critical element of national policy, to small countries or entities where drug issues or the capacity to deal with them are minimal. The reports vary in the extent of their coverage. For key drug-control countries, where considerable information is available, we have provided comprehensive reports. For some smaller countries or entities where only limited information is available, we have included whatever data the responsible post could provide."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2012-03
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Money Laundering and Financial Crimes Country Database: May 2011
"Every year, U.S. officials from agencies with anti-money laundering responsibilities meet to assess the money laundering situations in 200 jurisdictions. The review includes an assessment of the significance of financial transactions in the country's financial institutions involving proceeds of serious crime, steps taken or not taken to address financial crime and money laundering, each jurisdiction's vulnerability to money laundering, the conformance of its laws and policies to international standards, the effectiveness with which the government has acted, and the government's political will to take needed actions. The 2011 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Money Laundering and Financial Crimes, highlights the most significant steps countries and jurisdictions categorized as 'Major Money Laundering Countries' have taken to improve their anti-money laundering/counter-terrorist financing (AML/CFT) regimes. The report provides a snapshot of the AML/CFT legal infrastructure of each country or jurisdiction and its capacity to share information and cooperate in international investigations. For each country where they have been completed, the write-up also provides a link to the most recent mutual evaluation performed by or on behalf of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) or the FATF-style regional body to which the country or jurisdiction belongs. When applicable, relevant country reports also provide links to the Department of State's 'Country Reports on Terrorism' so the reader can learn more about issues specific to terrorism and terrorism financing. Providing these links will allow those interested readers to find detailed information on the country's AML/CFT capacity and the effectiveness of its programs."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2011-05
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Counterfeit Pharmaceutical Inter-Agency Working Group Report to the Vice President of the United States and to Congress
"This Administration is focused on rebuilding the American economy, creating jobs, and increasing exports. To do so, we must be vigilant in enforcing our intellectual property rights. It is also of paramount importance to protect the public health. The U.S. has stringent statutory, regulatory and enforcement regimes to protect consumers against dangerous counterfeit, unapproved or illegally prescribed pharmaceuticals. However, increasing access to the Internet coupled with new methods of manufacturing and distributing illegal pharmaceuticals have created new challenges to safeguarding the legitimate pharmaceutical supply chain. Thousands of websites openly sell unapproved and/or counterfeit drugs, as well as prescription drugs without requiring a valid prescription, all in violation of federal and state law. Many of those sites are hosted by U.S. registrars, accept payment by U.S. payment processors, and shop their products via U.S.-based express courier companies or the U.S. Postal Service. In addition, other countries, particularly those in Africa, face extremely high percentages of counterfeits in their domestic supply chain and the United States is committed to helping them to address this scourge."
United States. Department of Justice; United States. Department of State; United States. Department of Agriculture . . .
2011-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: Volume I, Drug and Chemical Control, March 2011
"The Department of State's International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) has been prepared in accordance with section 489 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended (the 'FAA,' 22 U.S.C. § 2291). The 2011 INCSR, published in March 2011, covers the year January 1 to December 31, 2010 and is published in two volumes, the second of which covers money laundering and financial crimes. In addition to addressing the reporting requirements of section 489 of the FAA (as well as sections 481(d)(2) and 484(c) of the FAA and section 804 of the Narcotics Control Trade Act of 1974, as amended), the INCSR provides the factual basis for the designations contained in the President's report to Congress on the major drug-transit or major illicit drug producing countries initially set forth in section 591 of the Kenneth M. Ludden Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2002 (P.L. 107-115) (the 'FOAA'), and now made permanent pursuant to section 706 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003 (P.L. 107-228) (the 'FRAA'). Section 706 of the FRAA requires that the President submit an annual report no later than September 15 identifying each country determined by the President to be a major drug-transit country or major illicit drug producing country. The President is also required in that report to identify any country on the majors list that has 'failed demonstrably . . . to make substantial efforts' during the previous 12 months to adhere to international counternarcotics agreements and to take certain counternarcotics measures set forth in U.S. law. U.S. assistance under the current foreign operations appropriations act may not be provided to any country designated as having 'failed demonstrably' unless the President determines that the provision of such assistance is vital to U.S. national interests or that the country, at any time after the President's initial report to Congress, has made 'substantial efforts' to comply with the counternarcotics conditions in the legislation. This prohibition does not affect humanitarian, counternarcotics, and certain other types of assistance that are authorized to be provided notwithstanding any other provision of law."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2011-03
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International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: Volume II, Money Laundering and Financial Crimes, March 2011
"The Money Laundering and Financial Crimes section of the Department of State‟s International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) has been prepared in accordance with section 489 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended (the 'FAA,' 22 U.S.C. § 2291). The 2011 INCSR is the 28th annual report prepared pursuant to the FAA. The FAA requires a report on the extent to which each country or entity that received assistance under chapter 8 of Part I of the Foreign Assistance Act in the past two fiscal years has 'met the goals and objectives of the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances' (the '1988 UN Drug Convention') (FAA § 489(a)(1)(A)). Although the Convention does not contain a list of goals and objectives, it does set forth a number of obligations that the parties agree to undertake. Generally speaking, it requires the parties to take legal measures to outlaw and punish all forms of illicit drug production, trafficking, and drug money laundering, to control chemicals that can be used to process illicit drugs, and to cooperate in international efforts to these ends. The statute lists action by foreign countries on the following issues as relevant to evaluating performance under the 1988 UN Drug Convention: illicit cultivation, production, distribution, sale, transport and financing, money laundering, asset seizure, extradition, mutual legal assistance, law enforcement and transit cooperation, precursor chemical control, and demand reduction."
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2011-03
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Myths & Facts about Fighting the Opium Trade in Afghanistan
This United States Department of State fact sheet examines eleven myths about fighting the opium trade in Afghanistan.
United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
2010-05-25
