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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Children Left At Home Alone: Eleven Die in Two Fires
This technical report series looks at two separate fires in Detroit, MI. The causes of these fires and the factors which led to the tragic loss of these young lives provide vivid lessons about the dangers of leaving children home alone.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1993-02-01?
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: New York City Bank Building Fire - Compartmentation vs. Sprinklers
"A high-rise office complex in the heart of midtown Manhattan was the scene of a major fire on the night of January 31, 1993. It was the most destructive high-rise fire in New York City in more than a decade, resulting in direct property damage of more than $10 million and a much larger loss due to business interruption and secondary effects. [...] This fire is particularly significant as an evaluation of the effectiveness of Local Law 5, the retroactive requirements that were enacted for all high-rise office buildings in New York City, after a series of destructive fires in the 1960s and 1970s. It suggests that the compartmentation option offered by Local Law 5 may be inadequate to prevent fires from growing to extremely destructive proportions and placing both occupants and firefighters in danger of death or injuries. Although the extent of the fire was not as great as similar fires that occurred in Los Angeles and Philadelphia in recent years, it could have equalled or exceeded their magnitude if it had originated on a higher floor. This result reinforces the opinion of many fire experts and authorities having jurisdiction that automatic sprinklers should be required in all existing high-rise buildings, as well as new construction."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1993-01-31
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Eight-Fatality Row House Fire Chester, PA: Lessons Learned from Residential Fires with Five or More Fatalities
This technical report series analyzes a row house fire in Chester, PA. Eight children left unattended die in one room of a row house when they were unable to escape a rapidly spreading fire.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1992-12-05?
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Indianapolis Athletic Club Fire
This technical report series looks at a fire at a complex mixed-use facility in Indianapolis (IN). Two Indianapolis firefighters and an elderly guest died in this fire which occurred while the building housed the jury hearing testimony in heavyweight boxer Mike Tyson's trial.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1992-02-05?
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: National Guard Plane Crash at Hotel Site
This technical report series looks at a C-130 crash outside of a hotel in Evansville, IN resulting in fire extension to the structure which led to multiple deaths and injuries.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1992
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Four Firefighters Killed, Trapped by Floor Collapse
This technical report series analyzes a fire at a furniture refinishing business in Brackenridge, PA. This report provides several valuable lessons for the fire service to help prevent this type of accident from occuring in the future.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1991-12-20
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Special Report- 'Get Alarmed South Carolina' Lessons Learned From Its Success
This technical report series looks at the story of the successful public fire safety program Get Alarmed, South Carolina and other South Carolina public fire safety efforts since 1988.
United States. Office of Homeland Security; United States Fire Administration
1991-11-01?
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Chicken Processing Plant Fires Hamlet, North Carolina, and North Little Rock, Arkansas
This technical report series looks at chicken processing plant fires in Hamlet, NC and North Little Rock, AR. This document is an analysis of two similar incidents, each with dramatically different results.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration; National Fire Data Center (U.S.)
Yates, Jack
1991-09-07
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Major Ship Fire Extinguished by CO2
This technical report series looks at a major fire on a 324-foot seafood processing ship in the Greater Seattle, Washington area. This fire is the first-time that the Seattle Fire Department extinguished a ship fire with carbon dioxide.
United States. Office of Homeland Security; United States Fire Administration
1991-09
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Seven-Fatality Fire at Remote Wilderness Lodge
This tragic fire highlighted the need for public facilities, located in rural areas at a distance from fire and EMS services, to take extraordinary responsibility themselves for fire and life safety. LLIS Core Capability: Fire
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1991-07-01?
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United States Fire Administration Technical Report Series: Massive Leak of Liquified Chlorine Gas Henderson, Nevada
A massive leak of chlorine gas sent over 200 persons to a local hospital and required the evacuation of an estimated 2,400 people.
United States Fire Administration
Routley, J. Gordon
1991-05?
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United States Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Massive Leak of Liquified Chlorine Gas
"The reports are sent to fire magazines and are distributed at national and regional fire meetings. The International Association of Fire Chiefs assists USFA [United States Fire Administration] in disseminating the findings throughout the fire service. On a continuing basis the reports are available on request from USFA; announcements of their availability are published widely in fire journals and newsletters. This body of work provides detailed information on the nature of the fire problem for policymakers who must decide on allocations of resources between fire and other pressing problems, and within the fire service to improve codes and code enforcement, training, public fire education, building technology, and other related areas The Fire Administration, which has no regulatory authority, sends an experienced fire investigator into a community after a major incident only after having conferred with the local fire authorities to insure that USFA's assistance and presence would be supportive and would in no way interfere with any review of the incident they are themselves conducting. The intent is not to arrive during the event or even immediately after, but rather after the dust settles, so that a complete and objective review of all the important aspects of the incident can be made. Local authorities review USFA's report while it is in draft. The USFA investigator or team is available to local authorities should they wish to request technical assistance for their own investigation."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1991-05
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Ten Elderly Victims from Intermediate Care Facility Fire, Colorado Springs, Colorado
"An accidental fire determined to have originated above ceiling level occurred in the early morning hours of March 4, 199l to the Crystal Springs Estates personal care boarding home in Colorado Springs, Colorado. All indicators point to this fire as having been burning in the attic undetected for some period of time, perhaps as much as an hour or more before breaking through the ceiling drywall and having smoke detectors react. Heat detectors were found in the attic but had not functioned. A pull station's use and a 911 call alerted the fire department, but upon arrival they found a fire already ventilated through roof turbines. Nine elderly occupants perished, all as a result of carbon monoxide poisoning, in this fire. A tenth victim died months later of smoke aggravated lung problems."
United States Fire Administration
1991-03-04?
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Seven-Fatality Christmas Tree Fire
"On December 22,1990 at approximately 11:10 p.m. a Christmas tree fire originated in the family room of the Dell'Orco home. The father, in the family room at the time of the fire, made futile attempts to remove the burning tree from the house. The mother called the fire department and removed one child. They escaped, with injuries. She tried to reenter the home but could not because of heavy smoke and heat. The father abandoned the burning tree removal and attempted to rescue six of his children still in the home. The fire took the lives of the father and all six children."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1990-12-22?
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Four-Fatality Fire in Residential Board and Care Facility, Bessemer, Alabama
"A fire at the Wilson Home for the Elderly on September 19, 1990 killed four residents. The fire is believed to have been caused by an elderly resident dropping lighted pipe tobacco or a match on a sofa having a cloth material covering a polyurethane cushion. There was no indication of a slow smoldering fire having occurred, making investigators further believe that ignition was most probably a discarded lit match, causing immediate ignition. Eleven other residents were saved by the quick action of a 16-year-old son of an employee. Although the structure was equipped with an automatic sprinkler system, the system failed to extinguish or control the fire because it was being supplied only by a 1/2-inch domestic water line, rather than a 2-inch dedicated line off the main which it should have had. The fire resulted in the deaths of four residents who were asleep in their rooms in the rear portion of the structure. Presented in Appendix F is a supplementary fire report which shows, in contrast, the effective control of a fire by a sprinkler system. A fire started by a candle was contained to the room of origin in a large, 600-bed dormitory at Montevallo State College, Alabama, on October 4, 1990."
United States Fire Administration
1990-09
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Nine Elderly Fire Victims in Residential Hotel
"Early in the morning of April 6, 1990, a fire in a Miami Beach hotel killed nine occupants and injured 24, including 4 firefighters The building, known as the Fontana Hotel, was originally constructed in 1951. Although the building was officially designated as a hotel, most of its occupants were elderly and used the building as a permanent residence. Of the nine fatalities, the youngest was over 75 years old."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1990-04
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Sixteen-Fatality Fire in High-rise Residence for the Elderly, Johnson City, Tennessee
"A Christmas Eve fire that caused the death of 14 residents and two visitors occurred at the John Sevier Center, a high-rise residence for the elderly, in Johnson City, Tennessee. It also injured about 50 other people including 15 firefighters. [...] The building had a history of 'false alarms,' which may have caused some of the occupants not to be too concerned even if the alarm was heard. Many of those who were able to make it out on their own in the early stages of the fire simply wandered off, or were treated and released by rescue workers. Others were assisted by their families and friends. Red Cross workers tried desperately to determine who and how many occupants were still left in the building."
United States Fire Administration
1989-12
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Success Story at Retirement Home Fire
"On December 16, 1989, at 1629 a security guard at the Sommerset Retirement Home, 22355 Providence Village Drive in Sterling, Virginia, called 9-1-1 to report that alarm bells were sounding and that smoke was in the building. The facility was a new (one-year-old) three-story retirement home housing elderly people in apartment units. [...] An Incident Command System (ICS) was established immediately to address three tasks simultaneously: establish an emergency shelter and quickly and safely move the residents to that staging area; conduct a thorough search of every apartment; and locate the seat of the fire and extinguish it."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1989-12-01?
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Shenandoah Retirement Home Fire, Roanoke County, Virginia
"On December 14, 1989, at 0214 hours, a fire alarm was received by the Roanoke County Fire Dispatch Center from the Shenandoah Retirement Home Center. This is a 6-1/2-story masonry building housing 175 elderly persons. Many of the occupants require canes and walkers for mobility. The second floor of this home is licensed by the State as an adult care center for some 48 persons requiring custodial supervision. On December 14, the building was occupied by 135 residents and three staff members. The building actually houses more than this number, but several were visiting family members or were in the hospital. The first firefighting units arrived 18 minutes after notification of alarm and saw fire coming from a third floor apartment window at the front of the building. Firefighters entering into the building by way of stairwells located at each end of the structure were met by occupants leaving from the upper floors, and with smoke which was already permeating the stairwells. On the third floor they found heat and heavy black smoke from floor to ceiling. Additional fire personnel and equipment had already been alerted by fire dispatch as a result of an on-duty sheriff's deputy who witnessed the fire's progress prior to fire department arrival and radioed this information to the fire dispatch center."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1989-12
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Nine-Fatality Mobile Home Fire - Maxton, North Carolina
This technical report series looks at a mobile home fire in Maxton, NC that resulted in nine fatalities. This classic mobile home tragedy emphasizes the need for public fire education and working smoke alarms.
United States Fire Administration
Carpenter, Daniel J., Jr.
1989-11
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Twelve-Fatality Nursing Home Fire, Norfolk, Virginia
"On October 5, 1989, at 2218 hours, a fire in Norfolk, Virginia, was reported from the Hillhaven Rehabilitation and Convalescent Home, 1005 Hampton Boulevard. This was a 4-story masonry building, housing 161 elderly patients, most of whom were bedridden. First arriving firefighting units discovered fire coming out of the window of a second floor patient room located on the front of the building. The fire was lapping up to the third floor window. The second floor was completely filled with heavy smoke, and some flame at the ceiling level was observed. No alarms were heard and there was no apparent commotion. Second and third alarms were sounded immediately to assist in rescue efforts. Some patients were removed from their rooms by the use of ground ladders set up on the outside. Bedridden patients, trapped in their rooms, had to be carried by firefighters through heavy smoke and heat conditions. Rescue efforts on the second floor required approximately 35 minutes."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1989-10
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Fire Apparatus and Train Collision
This U.S. Fire Administration report details the circumstances of and emergency response to the fire apparatus/train collision that occurred near Catlett, Virginia, on September 28, 1989.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1989-09-28?
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Five-Fatality High-Rise Office Building Fire
"At 1029, June 30, 1989 in Atlanta, Georgia an electrical fire originating on the sixth floor of a 10-story office building killed five people, and injured 23 civilians and six firefighters. One woman had jumped from a sixth floor window prior to the Fire Department's arrival and was seriously injured. Firefighters removed approximately 14 people over aerial ladders and rescued five others from the interior of the building. The electric closet where the fire started opened directly onto the exit corridor. When the fire erupted, it immediately blocked the corridor, keeping most victims away from the two exits serving the floor. This fire was reported to be the first multiple death U.S. high-rise office building fire in over 10 years. The fire demonstrates the need for automatic sprinkler protection for high-rise buildings and illustrates the impact that occupant behavior can have on survival in fire situations."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1989-06-30
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Gasoline Tanker Incidents in Chicago, Illinois and Fairfax County, Virginia - Case Studies in Hazardous Materials Planning
This technical report series looks at two gasoline tanker incidents. Effective planning, incident command and agency cooperation led to successful control in these major roadway hazardous materials incidents.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
Jennings, Charles
1989-05
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Power Off to Hard-Wired Detector in Nine-Fatality House Fire
"A fire originating in the first floor of a two-story, wood-frame house with two rental units in Peoria, Illinois, killed two adults and seven children on April 11, 1989. Two other adults and a teenager were injured, though they were able to escape from the burning house onto a porch roof from a second story window. This was the worst life-loss fire in Peoria for at least the past three decades."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
Carpenter, Daniel J., Jr.; Jennings, Charles
1989-04
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Conservative Approach to Chemical Plant Fire
This technical report series looks at a chemical plant fire in Ventura County, CA. A conservative approach and planned tactics resulted in safe and effective handling of this fire.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1989-04
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Gasoline Tanker Incidents in Chicago, Illinois and Fairfax County, Virginia-Case Studies in Hazardous Materials Planning
"At approximately 0328, Thursday, March 30, 1989, a fully loaded 8,800 gallon gasoline tanker overturned on an exit ramp from I-495, the Washington, D.C. beltway. Approximately 150-180 gallons of gasoline leaked from the tanker's dome covers. The driver suffered minor injuries. Fairfax County Fire and Rescue Department units responded, stabilized the scene, contained the product, and supervised the off-loading operation. One major route to the beltway was partially closed for 12 hours; the beltway remained open throughout the incident. There were no additional injuries. A group known as the Freeway Incident Management Team (FIMT) was activated and coordinated response among several agencies to minimize the disruption of traffic for the morning rush hour. The Freeway Incident Management Team includes representatives of County and State Police, the state highway department, and fire departments who respond to incidents that can be disruptive to the flow of traffic (see Appendix A). The FIMT agreement establishes responsibility for incident command and defines the duties of each organization for particular types of incidents. Traffic problems as a result of this incident were minimal thanks to the effectiveness of that coordination."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1989?
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Eight Children and Two Adults Die in Rural House Fire
"The U.S. Fire Administration develops reports on selected major fires throughout the country. The fires usually involve multiple deaths or a large loss of property. But the primary criterion for deciding to do a report is whether it will result in significant 'lessons learned.' In some cases these lessons bring to light new knowledge about fire--the effect of building construction or contents, human behavior in fire, etc. In other cases, the lessons are not new but are serious enough to highlight once again, with yet another fire tragedy report. In some cases, special reports are developed to discuss events, drills, or new technologies which are of interest to the fire service. [...] This is Report 028 of the Major Fires Investigation Project conducted by TriData Corporation under contract EMW-88-C-2649 to the United States Fire Administration, Federal Emergency Management Agency."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
1989-01
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Six Firefighter Fatalities in Construction Site Explosion, Kansas City, Missouri
"The Kansas City, Missouri Fire Department lost six firefighters and their vehicles - two entire pumper companies - in an explosion that occurred while they were extinguishing a fire at a construction site. The fire involved a trailer/magazine containing blasting mixtures of ammonium nitrate and fuel oil, most containing aluminum pellets, too. The fire also involved two other vehicles and ultimately a second trailer/magazine that also exploded. A summary of the incident's key issues is present in table form on the following pages. The firefighters were not told specifically what was in the trailer/magazine, but had been cautioned by the dispatcher about explosives on the site. Exactly what they suspected was in the trailers will probably never be know."
United States Fire Administration
1988-11
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: Sprinklers Control Arson Fires in Rack-Storage Warehouse
This document looks at an arson case that took place in a warehouse in Mt. Prospect (IL). In this incident, the overhead sprinkler system operation and quick fire department response limited losses.
United States. Office of Homeland Security; United States Fire Administration
1988-10
