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Profile of Fire in the United States, 1989-1998: Twelfth Edition
"Each year, the U.S. Fire Administration publishes a statistical portrait of the fire problem in the United States. This brochure summarizes the Twelfth Edition of Fire in the United States, 1989-1998. The analysis addresses the national fire problem and subsets of this problem, such as residential and non-residential fires. The causes of 1998 fires and 10- year trends are shown. Regional and state profiles are included. Casualties to firefighters are also presented. The primary source of data is the National Fire Incident Reporting System (NFIRS). Its data are based on 13,000 participating fire departments. Other data sources include the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), National Center for Health Statistics, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Consumer Price Index, Bureau of the Census, and state fire marshals' offices."
United States Fire Administration; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; National Fire Data Center (U.S.)
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Changing Severity of Home Fires: Workshop Report
"On Dec. 11-12, 2012, in response to an invitation from the U.S. Fire Administration, leading national organizations representing the fire service, fire researchers and other stakeholders in home fire safety came together at the Maryland Fire and Rescue Institute in College Park, Md., to explore how changing building construction methods, materials and building contents are affecting the way fires grow and develop in today's homes. The expected outcomes, as stated by USFA, of the workshop were to: 1.) Enhance the awareness of fire service and life safety officials of the changing and emerging fire and products of combustion risks to residential building occupants; 2.) Produce a document that clearly identifies contributing factors to the marked increase in the speed of fire spread experienced in interior residential fires; 3.) Identify potential solutions to mitigate if not prevent those risks; and 4.) Determine which organizations or agencies are interested in further studying and ultimately developing implementation strategies. […] The overall goal of the program was to share our new understanding of these effects, gained through a recent body of research funded by the Department of Homeland Security and other government agencies, and to consider how we should respond as a community."
United States Fire Administration; United States. Department of Homeland Security; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Initial Response to Hazardous Materials Incidents: Basic Concepts
"Hazardous materials incidents are not the same as fire suppression or other 'normal' emergency operations. The nature of the hazard requires different protective equipment, operational approaches, skills, and attitudes. For you to respond safely to a hazardous materials incident, you have to be trained and prepared mentally. What you don't know can kill you. [...] The primary resource available to local government to defend against hazardous materials emergencies is well-trained and motivated first responders. The first responder is the individual who arrives first on the scene of a haz mat incident with the responsibility to act. For our purposes, first responders are emergency response personnel, not members of the public, who may arrive on the scene first. This includes fire service, law enforcement, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), public works, and industry personnel."
United States. Department of Homeland Security; National Fire Academy; United States Fire Administration
2003-07
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Vacant Residential Building Fires (2010-2012)
"From 2010 to 2012, an estimated 25,000 vacant residential
building fires were reported annually in the U.S.
Vacant residential building fires are considered part of the
residential fire problem and accounted for 7 percent of all
residential building fires, resulting in an estimated 60 deaths,
225 injuries and $777 million in property loss each year.
A large number of vacant residential buildings can present
various problems. These buildings are rarely maintained
and often serve as a common site for illicit or illegal activity.
In addition, vacant residential buildings are sometimes
used by homeless people as temporary shelters or housing.
A major concern when a vacant building catches fire is
that little is known about the building's overall condition.
Many buildings are in disrepair and can be missing certain
structures, such as staircases or portions of floors. If individuals
are known to use the vacant building as a residence,
the unknown condition of the building and the unknown
number of people using the building as shelter can put the
firefighters' lives in danger when they enter the building to
attempt a rescue during a fire."
United States Fire Administration; United States. Department of Homeland Security; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2015-03
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Urban Wildlands Fire: Pebble Beach, California
This report analyzes fire operations and describes residential construction features and vegetation control that saved some homes in this urban wildlands fire.
United States Fire Administration; United States. Department of Homeland Security; National Fire Data Center (U.S.)
Graham, Hugh W.
1987-05
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Chicken Processing Plant Fires Hamlet, North Carolina, and North Little Rock, Arkansas
This technical report series looks at chicken processing plant fires in Hamlet, NC and North Little Rock, AR. This document is an analysis of two similar incidents, each with dramatically different results.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration; National Fire Data Center (U.S.)
Yates, Jack
1991-09-07
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Fire Risk in 2015
"The risk of death or injury from fire is not the same for everyone. In 2015, 3,360 deaths and 15,700 injuries in the U.S. were caused by fires. These casualties were not equally distributed across the U.S. population, and the resulting risk of death or injury from fire is not uniform -- it is more severe for some groups than for others. Much can be learned from understanding why different segments of society are at a heightened risk from the fire problem. This topical fire report explores fire risk as it applies to fire casualties in the U.S. population and is an update to 'Fire Risk in 2014,' Volume 17, Issue 7. Risk is a factor, element or course of action involving uncertainty. It is an exposure to some peril, and it often implies a probability of occurrence, such as investment risk or insurance risk. In terms of the fire problem, risk is the potential for injury to or death of a person, or damage to or loss of property, as a result of fire. This topical report focuses on how fire risk, specifically the risks of death and injury, varies with age, and how other demographic and socioeconomic factors weigh upon that risk."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration; National Fire Data Center (U.S.)
2017-09
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Residential Building Fires (2013-2015)
"These topical reports are designed to explore facets of the U.S. fire problem as depicted through data collected in the U.S. Fire Administration's National Fire Incident Reporting System. Each topical report briefly addresses the nature of the specific fire or fire-related topic, highlights important findings from the data, and may suggest other resources to consider for further information. Also included are recent
examples of fire incidents that demonstrate some of the issues addressed in the report or that put the report topic in context. [...] Each year, from 2013 to 2015, fire departments responded to an estimated 380,200 fires in residential buildings across the nation. These fires resulted in an annual average of 2,695 deaths; 12,000 injuries; and $7 billion in property loss. The residential building portion of the fire problem is of great national importance, as it accounts for the vast majority of civilian casualties."
United States Fire Administration; National Fire Data Center (U.S.); United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2017-06
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One- and Two-Family Residential Building Fires (2013-2015)
"These topical reports are designed to explore facets of the U.S. fire problem as depicted through data collected in the U.S. Fire Administration's National Fire Incident Reporting System. Each topical report briefly addresses the nature of the specific fire or fire-related topic, highlights important findings from the data, and may suggest other resources to consider for further information. Also included are recent
examples of fire incidents that demonstrate some of the issues addressed in the report or that put the report topic in context. [...] From 2013 to 2015, fire departments responded to an estimated 243,700 fires in one- and two-family residences each year across the nation. These fires resulted in an annual average of 2,175 deaths; 7,575 injuries; and $5.3 billion in property loss. One- and two-family residential building fires accounted for 64 percent of all residential building fires and dominated the overall residential building fire profile."
National Fire Data Center (U.S.); United States Fire Administration; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2017-06
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Multifamily Residential Building Fires (2013-2015)
"These topical reports are designed to explore facets of the U.S. fire problem as depicted through data collected in the U.S. Fire Administration's National Fire Incident Reporting System. Each topical report briefly addresses the nature of the specific fire or fire-related topic, highlights important findings from the data, and may suggest other resources to consider for further information. Also included are recent
examples of fire incidents that demonstrate some of the issues addressed in the report or that put the report topic in context. [...] From 2013 to 2015, multifamily residential building fires accounted for an annual estimated 109,700 reported fires. These fires accounted for 29 percent of all residential building fires responded to by fire departments across the nation. These fires resulted in an annual average of 405 deaths; 3,975 injuries; and $1.4 billion in property loss."
National Fire Data Center (U.S.); United States Fire Administration; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2017-06
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Firefighter Fatalities in the United States in 2000
"This report continues a series of annual studies by the USFA [United States Fire Administration] of on-duty firefighter fatalities in the United States. The specific objective of this study is to identify all on-duty firefighter fatalities that occurred in the United States in 2000, and to analyze the circumstances surrounding each occurrence. The study is intended to help identify approaches that could reduce the number of firefighter deaths in future years. In addition to the 2000 overall findings, this study includes assessments of trends over the past 5 years and special analyses on heart attacks and ways to immediately prevent future firefighter deaths."
National Fire Data Center (U.S.); United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
IOCAD Emergency Services Group (Firm)
2001-08
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Firefighter Fatalities in the United States in 1999
"This report continues a series of annual studies by the USFA [United States Fire Administration] of on-duty firefighter fatalities in the United States. The specific objective of this study is to identify all on-duty firefighter fatalities that occurred in the United States in 1999, and to analyze the circumstances surrounding each occurrence. The study is intended to help identify approaches that could reduce the number of firefighter deaths in future years. In addition to the 1999 overall findings, this study includes special analyses on vehicle collisions and personal protective clothing and equipment use."
National Fire Data Center (U.S.); United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
IOCAD Emergency Services Group (Firm)
2000-07
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Residential Building Fires Involving Individuals with Mental Disabilities
"These topical reports are designed to explore facets of the U.S. fire problem as depicted through data collected in the U.S. Fire Administration's (USFA's) National Fire Incident Reporting System (NFIRS). Each topical report briefly addresses the nature of the specific fire or fire-related topic, highlights important findings from the data, and may suggest other resources to consider for further information." Some of the findings of this study include: " An estimated 1,700 residential building fires involving individuals with mental disabilities are reported to U.S. fire departments each year and cause an estimated 85 deaths, 250 injuries, and $61 million in total loss. Intentional is the leading cause of residential building fires (40 percent) where a mental disability is reported as a human factor contributing to ignition. Sixty-five percent of residential building fires involving individuals with mental disabilities are limited to the object or room of origin. Kitchens and bedrooms are the primary areas of origin for residential building fires involving people with mental disabilities (26 percent each). Residential building fires involving individuals with mental disabilities are more prevalent in January (9 percent) and December (9 percent) and peak between 4 and 6 p.m."
United States. Department of Homeland Security; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
2011-06
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Residential Building Fires Involving Individuals with Physical Disabilities
"These topical reports are designed to explore facets of the U.S. fire problem as depicted through data collected in the U.S. Fire Administration's (USFA's) National Fire Incident Reporting System (NFIRS). Each topical report briefly addresses the nature of the specific fire or fire-related topic, highlights important findings from the data, and may suggest other resources to consider for further information." Some of the findings of this study include: " An estimated 700 residential building fires involving individuals with physical disabilities are reported to U.S. fire departments each year and cause an estimated 160 deaths, 200 injuries, and $26 million in total loss. Cooking (22 percent) is the leading cause of residential building fires where a physical disability is reported as a human factor contributing to ignition. Sixty-five percent of residential building fires involving people with physical disabilities are limited to the object or room of origin. The cooking area or kitchen is the primary area of origin for residential building fires involving individuals with physical disabilities (38 percent). Residential building fires involving people with physical disabilities are more prevalent in January (12 percent) and December (10 percent)."
United States. Department of Homeland Security; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
2011-06
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Needs Assessment of the Fire Service: Michigan
"PL 106-398, Section 1701, Sec. 33 (b) required that the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) conduct a study in conjunction with the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) to (a) define the current role and activities associated with the fire services; (b) determine the adequacy of current levels of funding; and (c) provide a needs assessment to identify shortfalls. The Fire Service Needs Assessment Survey was conducted as a census, with appropriate adjustments for non-response. The NFPA used its own list of local fire departments as the mailing list and sampling frame of all fire departments in the US. The Fire Service Needs Assessment Survey was sent only to departments with administrative and reporting responsibilities, in order to minimize double-counting. This means that the total number of departments we contacted may be much lower than the total number of departments in the state, as reflected in the state's own records. The data in this state report is least affected by this discrepancy in results reported separately by community size. Any statistics for the entire state must be used with caution and may not give sufficient weight to conditions in the smallest communities. For Michigan, we analyzed responses from 514 of the 990 fire departments in the state. Analysis of the results by state was done by NFPA after and outside of the Fire Service Needs Assessment Survey contract. Those results have not been reviewed or approved by anyone at the Department of Homeland Security (new parent agency of FEMA). All statistics calculated as percents of firefighters are based on percents of departments by population interval, combined with national figures on ratios of firefighters per department between population intervals. Ratios have not been developed for individual states."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration; United States. Department of Homeland Security
Karter, Michael J.; Hall, John Raymond, 1948-
2004-06
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CIP Bulletin 7-07
This bulletin contains information on the June 29, 2007 attempted attack using a vehicle-borne improvised explosive device in London.
United States. Department of Homeland Security; United States Fire Administration; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2007-06-29
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Fire Risk in 2016
"The risk of death or injury from fire is not the same for everyone. In 2016, 3,515 deaths and 14,650 injuries in the U.S. were caused by fires. These casualties were not equally distributed across the U.S. population, and the resulting risk of death or injury from fire is not uniform -- it is more severe for some groups than for others. Much can be learned from understanding why different segments of society are at a heightened risk from the fire problem. This topical fire report explores fire risk as it applies to fire casualties in the U.S. population and is an update to 'Fire Risk in 2015,' Volume 18, Issue 6. Risk is a factor, element or course of action involving uncertainty. It is an exposure to some peril, and it often implies a probability of occurrence, such as investment risk or insurance risk. In terms of the fire problem, risk is the potential for injury to or death of a person, or damage to or loss of property, as a result of fire. This topical report focuses on how fire risk, specifically the risks of death and injury, varies with age and how other demographic and socioeconomic factors weigh upon that risk."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration; National Fire Data Center (U.S.)
2018-09
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Firefighter Fatalities in the United States in 2011
"For 35 years, the U.S. Fire Administration (USFA) has tracked the number of firefighter fatalities and con-ducted an annual analysis. Through the collection of information on the causes of firefighter deaths, USFA is able to focus on specific problems and direct efforts toward finding solutions to reduce the number of fire-fighter fatalities in the future. This information is also used to measure the effectiveness of current programs directed toward firefighter health and safety. Several programs have been funded by USFA in response to this annual report. For example, USFA has sponsored significant work in the areas of general emergency vehicle operations safety, fire department tanker/tender operations safety, firefighter incident scene rehabilitation, and roadside incident safety. The data developed for this report are also widely used in other firefighter fatality prevention efforts. In addition to the analysis, USFA, working in partnership with the National Fallen Firefighters Foundation (NFFF), develops a list of all onduty firefighter fatalities and associated documentation each year. If certain criteria are met, the fallen firefighter's next of kin, as well as members of the individual's fire department, are invited to the annual National Fallen Firefighters Memorial Weekend Service. The service is held at the National Emergency Training Center (NETC) in Emmitsburg, MD, during Fire Prevention Week in October of each year. [...] The specific objective of this study is to identify all onduty firefighter fatalities that occurred in the United States and its protectorates in 2011 and to analyze the circumstances surrounding each occurrence. The study is intended to help identify approaches that could reduce the number of firefighter deaths in future years."
United States Fire Administration; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States. Department of Homeland Security
2012-07
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Information for First Responders on Maintaining Operational Capabilities during a Pandemic
"First responders have a critical role in prehospital emergency care and must continue to provide this essential service and fill the many emergency response roles in a community. The first responder community includes: fire, emergency medical services, law enforcement, emergency management, and 9-1-1 telecommunications. During a severe pandemic, workloads will increase and staff sizes will diminish as employees and their families become ill. Contingency planning now can help reduce the worst impacts: smart planning can save lives. To help with planning for the impacts of a severe pandemic, this document provides the following kinds of information for first responders: (1) Potential ways to adjust operations to maintain readiness and response; (2) Potential ways for leaders in the first responder community at the local level, including two planning tools; [and] (3) Reference sheets with discipline-specific potential action steps."
United States Fire Administration; United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Health Affairs
2010
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Fire Spokesperson's Pocket Media Guide
"As someone who speaks with the news media about residential fires in your community, you play a major role in communicating important fire safety and prevention information to the public. This pocket media guide shows you how to make the most of these 'teachable moments' -- media interviews following a fire, when the public's interest and attention are at a peak. In addition to providing the facts about the fire, you also can share one or more messages that encourage the viewer/reader to take action that could save a life."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); United States Fire Administration; U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
2009?
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Residential Building Fires (2017-2019)
From the Document: "These topical reports are designed to explore facets of the U.S. fire problem as depicted through data collected in the U.S. Fire Administration's (USFA's) National Fire Incident Reporting System (NFIRS). Each topical report briefly addresses the nature of the specific fire or fire-related topic, highlights important findings from the data, and may suggest other resources to consider for further information. Also included are recent examples of fire incidents that demonstrate some of the issues addressed in the report or that put the report topic in context. [...] As part of a series of topical reports that address fires in types of residential buildings, this report addresses the characteristics of all residential building fires as reported to NFIRS. The focus is on fires reported from 2017 to 2019, the most recent data available at the time of the analysis. NFIRS data is used for the analyses throughout this report."
United States Fire Administration; National Fire Data Center (U.S.); United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Wildland Urban Interface Fire Operational Requirements and Capability Analysis: Report of Findings
From the Executive Summary: "In December of 2017, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Administrator requested the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology (S&T) research new and emerging technology that could be applied to wildland fire incident response, given the loss of life that occurred in California during the fall of 2017 in Santa Rosa and Ventura. [...] As a result, S&T formed an Integrated Project Team (IPT) and initiated the WUI [wildland urban interface] Fire Operational Requirements and Technology Capability Analysis Project. Over the course of the project, the IPT identified areas of innovation in wildland fire incident relating to wildland fire preparedness and mitigation and enhanced wildland fire suppression practices, including resistant infrastructure planning, building materials, and building codes."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Science and Technology Directorate; United States Fire Administration; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2019-05-31
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Firefighter Fatalities in the United States in 2018
From the Introduction: "This report continues a series of annual studies began in 1986 by the USFA [U.S. Fire Administration] of on-duty firefighter fatalities in the U.S. The specific objective of this study is to identify all on-duty firefighter fatalities that occurred in the U.S. and its territories in 2018 and to analyze the circumstances surrounding each occurrence. The study is intended to help identify approaches that could reduce the number of firefighter deaths in future years."
United States Fire Administration; United States. Department of Homeland Security; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency . . .
2019-09
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Trends in Firefighter Fatalities Due to Structural Collapse, 1979-2002
"Between the years 1979 and 2002 there were over 180 firefighter fatalities due to structural collapse, not including those firefighters lost in 2001 in the collapse of the World Trade Center Towers. Structural collapse is an insidious problem within the fire fighting community. It often occurs without warning and can easily cause multiple fatalities. As part of a larger research program to help reduce firefighter injuries and fatalities the U.S. Fire Administration (USFA) funded the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to examine records and determine if there were any trends and/or patterns that could be detected in firefighter fatalities due to structural collapse. If so, these trends could be brought immediately to the attention of training officers and incident commanders and investigated further to determine probable causes."
United States Fire Administration; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States. Department of Homeland Security . . .
Evans, David D.; Brassell, Lori D.
2003-11
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Fire Safety Program Toolkit: A Comprehensive Resource for Fire Safety Educators
"This toolkit was designed with fire safety education personnel in mind and aims to provide free tools and materials to assist in the development of educational programs. The toolkit breaks down the program development process into five basic steps to create or enhance a fire safety education program for your community. Additionally, a 'Beyond the Basics' in each section has even more resources, strategies, and tools. This overview gives you a snapshot of the process for developing a successful program." The five basic steps covered in this toolkit include the following: 1) Assess Your Community; 2) Develop Partnerships; 3) Plan & Implement Your Program; 4) Market Your Program, and 5) Evaluate.
United States. Department of Health and Human Services; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency . . .
2015-02-05?
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Firefighter Fatalities in the United States in 2015
"This report continues a series of annual studies by USFA of on-duty firefighter fatalities in the U.S. The specific objective of this study is to identify all on-duty firefighter fatalities that occurred in the U.S. and its protectorates in 2015 and to analyze the circumstances surrounding each occurrence. The study is intended to help identify approaches that could reduce the number of firefighter deaths in future years."
National Fire Data Center (U.S.); United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration . . .
2016-10
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Needs Assessment of the Fire Service: Mississippi
"PL 106-398, Section 1701, Sec. 33 (b) required that the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) conduct a study in conjunction with the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) to (a) define the current role and activities associated with the fire services; (b) determine the adequacy of current levels of funding; and (c) provide a needs assessment to identify shortfalls. The Fire Service Needs Assessment Survey was conducted as a census, with appropriate adjustments for non-response. The NFPA used its own list of local fire departments as the mailing list and sampling frame of all fire departments in the US. The Fire Service Needs Assessment Survey was sent only to departments with administrative and reporting responsibilities, in order to minimize double-counting. This means that the total number of departments we contacted may be much lower than the total number of departments in the state, as reflected in the state's own records. The data in this state report is least affected by this discrepancy in results reported separately by community size. Any statistics for the entire state must be used with caution and may not give sufficient weight to conditions in the smallest communities. For Mississippi, we analyzed responses from 151 of the 552 fire departments in the state.
Analysis of the results by state was done by NFPA after and outside of the Fire Service
Needs Assessment Survey contract. Those results have not been reviewed or approved by anyone at the Department of Homeland Security (new parent agency of FEMA). All statistics calculated as percents of firefighters are based on percents of departments by population interval, combined with national figures on ratios of firefighters per department between population intervals. Ratios have not been developed for individual states."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.); United States. Department of Homeland Security . . .
Karter, Michael J.; Hall, John Raymond, 1948-
2004-06
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Needs Assessment of the Fire Service: Florida
"PL 106-398, Section 1701, Sec. 33 (b) required that the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) conduct a study in conjunction with the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) to (a) define the current role and activities associated with the fire services; (b) determine the adequacy of current levels of funding; and (c) provide a needs assessment to identify shortfalls. The Fire Service Needs Assessment Survey was conducted as a census, with appropriate adjustments for non-response. The NFPA used its own list of local fire departments as the mailing list and sampling frame of all fire departments in the US. The Fire Service Needs Assessment Survey was sent only to departments with administrative and reporting responsibilities, in order to minimize double-counting. This means that the total number of departments we contacted may be much lower than the total number of departments in the state, as reflected in the state's own records. The data in this state report is least affected by this discrepancy in results reported separately by community size. Any statistics for the entire state must be used with caution and may not give sufficient weight to conditions in the smallest communities. For Florida, we analyzed responses from 240 of the 472 fire departments in the state. Analysis of the results by state was done by NFPA after and outside of the Fire Service Needs Assessment Survey contract. Those results have not been reviewed or approved by anyone at the Department of Homeland Security (new parent agency of FEMA). All statistics calculated as percents of firefighters are based on percents of departments by population interval, combined with national figures on ratios of firefighters per department between population intervals. Ratios have not been developed for individual states."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.); United States. Department of Homeland Security . . .
Karter, Michael J.; Hall, John Raymond, 1948-
2004-06
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Firefighter Fatalities in the United States in 2017
"For 41 years, the U.S. Fire Administration (USFA) has tracked the number of firefighter fatalities and conducted an annual analysis. Through the collection of information on the causes of firefighter deaths, the USFA is able to focus on specific problems and direct efforts toward finding solutions to reduce the number of firefighter fatalities in the future. This information is also used to measure the effectiveness of current programs directed toward firefighter health and safety. [...] The specific objective of this study is to identify all on-duty firefighter fatalities that occurred in the U.S. and its territories in 2017 and to analyze the circumstances surrounding each occurrence. The study is intended to help identify approaches that could reduce the number of firefighter deaths in future years."
United States Fire Administration; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States. Department of Homeland Security . . .
2018-09
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Interagency Prescribed Fire: Planning and Implementation Procedures Guide
"The purpose of this guide is to provide consistent interagency policy, establish common terms and definitions and identify planning and implementation processes for prescribed fire. The guide describes what is minimally acceptable for prescribed fire planning and implementation. Agencies may choose to provide more restrictive standards and policy direction, but must adhere to these minimums."
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs; United States. National Park Service . . .
2008-07-06?
