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• Economics of War Planning: An Addition to the Clausewitzian Trinity

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  From the thesis abstract: "The attached monograph seeks to analyze in general terms the economic dimension in war planning. It focuses on the causes and implications of the often inescapable incompatibility between political/economic objectives and military aims. Much of what the monograph argues has only recently been discerned from Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm. It was a modern war of the kind whose effects we anticipated in AirLand Battle, but resulted in compressing the doctrine into ways never before visualized. One preliminary use of this monograph is to help CINCs [Commander in Chief] and senior staff planners gain insight about economics as a vital element in military strategy and campaign plan formulation. Principally, the monograph seeks to analyze the economic domain through Clausewitz's framework of war. The author examines Clausewitz's trinity and suggests a modified version to his theory. Although the spectrum of the economic domain encompasses political, psychological, and military elements, the paper emphasizes the latter. This can be seen in the utility of finding economic features which may lead a planner to economic decisive points. The economic dimension is discussed to some degree, but only as a vehicle for continuity or for demonstrating the economic impact on military activities. The result of this research led the author to conclude that one cannot limit himself to the destruction of the enemy's forces as the main effort. Without considering other possible centers of gravity such as their economic capacity to wage war. Jean de Bloch once wrote that 'military writers look upon future war only from the point of view of attaining certain objects by destroying the armies of the enemy.' Switch his word writers for planners and you sense the issue before us. Bloch probably had Karl von Clausewitz or Henri de Jomini in mind when he wrote these words. It is time modern practitioners expand their thinking about the art of war to include economics."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Karhohs, Jeffrey W.

  1991-05-15
• Eternal Constant: The Influence of Political Ideology on American Defense Policy 1783-1800 and 1989-1994

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  "This study traces the historical origins, evolution, and continuing influence of liberal and conservative political ideology on American Defense policy. The study concentrates on a comparison of the periods 1783-1800, the military debates of the early republic; and 1989-1994, the current debates on the structure of the post-Cold War American Military. The central thesis is that the parallels between the public debates on the proposed downsizing of the United States' Armed Forces in the 1990s and the debates on the creation of a permanent American military establishment in the 1780s and 1790s reflect the continuing influence of fundamental republican/liberal and federalist/ conservative political ideologies."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Bowie, Edward L.

  1994-06-03
• Unity of Command for Homeland Security: Title 32, Title 10, or a Combination

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  From the thesis abstract: "Unit of command becomes a major issue when both federal and state militaries simultaneously provide Defense Support to Civil Authorities (DSCA) within the same area of operations as seen during Hurricane Katrina. Both federal and state militaries look alike and have similar equipment, but may respond to different authorities. Federal and state laws and policies regulate the missions each may perform based on the activated status (Title 10, Title 32, or State Active Duty) of the unit. This study examines laws and policies, such as the Posse Comitatus Act, the Stafford Act, the Insurrection Act, the National Response Plan, the National Defense Authorization Act of 2004, and the Emergency Management Assistance Compact that govern the permissive or restrictive measures of each status. It applies these as well as additional measures in examining the Los Angeles Riots and Hurricane Katrina to determine the feasibility of using National Guard versus federal military assets to establish unity of command. The study finds that the National Guard is truly the Army's first responder for DSCA missions, is well integrated with local and state emergency management authorities, and should command and control all military assets allocated to its area of responsibility."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Ebbighausen, John

  2006-06-16
• Invisible Scalpel: Low-Visibility Operations in the War on Terror

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  "The War on Terror (WOT) is actually a war against extremist insurgents comprised of numerous and varied organizations scattered across the globe. They are spurred to action by an extremist ideology that is nurtured, demonstrated, and led by al Qaeda and its leadership. This ideology serves as the insurgency's center of gravity whereby it gains all manner of support across a broad spectrum of functional resources in multiple operational domains. As operating environments change, these ideology-inspired decentralized insurgent organizations are able to quickly adapt their methods of operation. In order to defeat this evolving, ubiquitous yet elusive threat, the US must develop a comprehensive strategy that incorporates all instruments of US national power, as well as those of its allies. This strategy must also defeat or mitigate the enemy's center of gravity in order to have any chance of success. This thesis argues that as lead combatant command in the WOT, the US Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) should conduct continuous, global, preemptive low-visibility operations in order to disrupt insurgent operations. In order to accomplish its WOT missions, USSOCOM must effectively organize and array forces and resources to defeat insurgent functional resources across multiple operational domains."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  O'Quinn, Charles R.

  2006-06-16
• How Can the United States Best Prepare Army Federal Troops to Respond Quickly to Future National Emergencies Within the United States

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  Thesis, Master of Military Art and Science Strategy. From the abstract: "It is time that Congress, DOD and the Army end the confusion surrounding the usage of Federal troops within the United States and that they create an effective strategy for the timely integration of Federal forces with local and state efforts after a natural or manmade disaster occurs. This thesis lays out five major recommendations for policy makers. First, the Federal military must learn to efficiently support the National Guard, rather than prepare to assume their duties and responsibilities. Second, the Posse Comitatus Act, in its current form, has outlived its usefulness. The PCA must be updated to distinguish between combat and non-combat Federal forces. Third, a domestic War Powers Act is needed to lower the partisan politics surrounding the usage of Federal troops, while establishing checks and balances to prevent Presidential abuse. Fourth, Congress should spell out in clear language the dominant role local and state authorities have in responding to disasters. Federal organizations cannot respond fast enough to fill this role. Last, the Army must designate the Combined Arms Center (CAC) as the Army proponent for Defense Support to Civil Authorities (DSCA) operations, and make CAC responsible for managing all DOTMLPF related issues."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  King, David R.

  2006-06-16
• Assessment of Potential Soviet Responses to Evolving Theater Nuclear Systems

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  This thesis was presented to the faculty of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Military Art and Science. From the thesis abstract: "This study focuses on the Soviet perceptions and decision malting processes which influence Soviet reaction to US initiatives in modernizing or developing theater nuclear systems. Beginning with a discussion about the consequences of previous U.S. misperceptions of Soviet intentions, the study supports the need for ongoing analysis of Soviet actions from the Soviet perspect.ive. The Soviet view of the world is examined in terms of Marxist-Leninist ideology, Soviet fears of encirclement and invasion, and the Soviet perception of world power relationships or 'correlation of forces'. The effect of Soviet military theory on reactions and responses to the subject of U.S. military developments is assessed, specifically in the areas of military doctrine and military science. The influence of military art is discussed with emphasis on strategy and operational art. The Party political controls on Soviet military matters are described, including a breakdown of the military decision making process. Soviet responses to U.S. nuclear weapons initiatives, including the Pershing 11, Ground Launched Cruise Missile and Enhanced Radiation Weapons, are discussed in terms of military and political reactions. Soviet use of propaganda is highlighted. The importance of superiority and technology as an integral part of that superiority are examined, as is the Soviet use of 'technology transfer'. This study hypothesizes that any Soviet reaction to U.S. action is based upon unique Soviet perceptions which are strongly influenced by Marxist-Leninist ideology, insecurity, military theory, Party bureaucracy, and world correlation of forces. The findings of this thesis indicate that any US/NATO force modernization initiative which alters the Soviet perception of the correlation of forces in Europe will evoke some form of response. There is no indication, however, that this response will be a mirror image of the U.S. initiative. 'The thesis concludes with a discussion of the political and military responses the Soviets may undertake."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Wightman, Richard O. Jr.

  1987-06-05
• Role of the Department of Defense Embedded Reporter Program in Future Conflicts

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  From the thesis abstract: "The embedded reporter program in Operation Iraqi Freedom was a huge undertaking, requiring extensive planning and coordination to organize and implement. The Department of Defense (DOD) invested much time and resources to help give the media relatively unfettered access to soldiers on the battlefield. A search on Google or any other search engine will yield a proliferation of articles and references on the embedded reporter topic. At present, there is much information, but limited relevant analysis that is of specific value to the battlefield commander or the strategic decision maker. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of the DOD implementing the embedded reporter program again in future major conflicts. This research concludes that the embedded media program is a feasible and effective means for the DOD and the United States Army to facilitate the media on the battlefield and should be an element in media policy for future military conflicts."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Villarreal, Raymundo, Jr.

  2005
• U.S. Embargo on Cuba: A Time for Change?

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  From the thesis abstract: "The United States imposed an embargo on Cuba in 1959. Has the time come for the United States to lift the 44-year-old embargo? The embargo on Cuba was part of America's cold war strategy against the Soviet Union; imposed on the basis that Cuba was a threat to U.S. national security because of their alliance with the Soviet Union, Fidel Castro's support of revolutionary forces in Latin America and the expropriation of U.S. property. The cold war ended 12 years ago. Democracy and political stability in Latin America are at an all time high, with Cuba being the only non-democratic nation in Latin America. In 1998, the Defense Intelligence Agency concluded that Cuba no longer poses a significant threat to U.S. national security or other countries in the region. The expropriation of U.S. property will not be solved by an embargo and lastly, for the eleventh year in a row, the United Nations has called for the end to the embargo. The most recent vote of the General Assembly on 12 November 2002, overwhelmingly voted 173 in favor to 3 opposed. Yet America continues to endorse a policy of isolation with no intentions of removing the embargo now or any time in the near future."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Arzeno, Mario A.

  2003-06-03
• 9/11 Trade Center Support Operations

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  From the thesis abstract: "On September 11, 2001, the 107th Corps Support Group was transformed into 10th CSG Task Force. The unit was tasked with the logistical support for the World Trade Center Operations based out of their Park Avenue Armory. During the two weeks that followed, the unit had setup the armory and drill shed into a logistical operations center and warehouse that supported the rescue and recovery efforts at Ground Zero. The unit setup liaisons at various command posts throughout the city to provide logistical support. The Support Operations section coordinated the use of available transportation assets and other units to assist with bringing in and dispersing supplies to the workers at the site. As the CSSAMO [ Combat Service Support Automation Management Office] Senior Analyst of the Support Operations Section, it was my job to assist with tracking missions and supporting the section with their computer systems."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Glorius, Christian

  2011-02-15
• Exit Strategy not a Winning Strategy? Intelligence Lessons from the British 'Emergency' in South Arabia, 1963-67

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  From the thesis abstract: "The British Army is often praised for a particular skill in small wars or counter-insurgencies (COIN). Some attribute this to the special challenge of maintaining order across a global empire with a relatively small force; others cite the intellectual inheritance of great British military theorists and an inherent flexibility present within a small army that is used to adapting to overcome adversity. However, this view is challenged by recent scholars who suggest the UK record in COIN is not one of universal success. This thesis examines a less prominent British campaign-the war in South Arabia or 'Aden Emergency.' It was fought against a complex local enemy supported by a strong regional power in the Middle East with a public timeline for British withdrawal. This thesis focuses on the performance of the intelligence organization in South Arabia. There is much to learn from: extreme rural and urban terrain; cultural, religious and linguistic differences; an international political climate that condemned British actions but was sympathetic to the insurgency and its external sponsors. Finally, the issue of organizational learning is examined to identify the extent the British military was prepared to identify and address its experiences and incorporate lessons into its institutions."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Campbell, Stephen Andrew

  2012-12-14
• Protect and Defend: Adequacy of the Department of Defense Role Prescribed in the Federal Response to a Chemical or Biological Terrorist Attack Against the Homeland

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  From the thesis abstract: "President Bush's Executive Order 13228 establishes within the Executive Office of the President an Office of Homeland Security (OHS). The order directs the OHS to develop, coordinate, and implement a national strategy to secure the United States from terrorist attacks. One type of terrorist attack the United States may find itself responding to and recovering from is one involving chemical or biological Weapons of Mass Effects. This study finds that the 'not if, but when' school of thought is no longer the view of the alarmist, but the realist. The Federal Emergency Management Agency's Federal Response Plan (FRP), which coordinates the response of twenty-seven federal agencies and departments, inadequately addresses the role of the Department of Defense (DOD). This study finds there are roles necessitated by a chemical or biological terrorist attack against the homeland that are not prescribed to DOD in the FRP or in the supporting response plans of the Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Health and Human Services, or Federal Bureau of Investigation. Furthermore, this study finds some of those roles are feasible, suitable, and acceptable for the military. Those roles include chemical and biological protection, disease surveillance, epidemiological investigation, laboratory support, veterinary services, mental health services, civil disturbance support, disease containment, and coordination. This study recommends DOD resolve its dual use dilemma so that it is feasible for military assets to support the Lead Federal Agency while remaining ready to fight and win the nations wars."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Demaree, Richard

  2002
• United States Cybersecurity Strategy, Policy, and Organization: Poorly Postured to Cope with a Post-9/11 Security Environment?

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  From the thesis abstract: "Is United States cybersecurity strategy, policy, and organization postured to cope with the post-9/11 security environment? Through an exhaustive review of recurring and stand-alone strategic cybersecurity strategy and policy documents and a detailed assessment of the United States cyber organization within the Department of Homeland Security, Department of Defense, and Department of Justice, the United States is indeed vulnerable to a cyber attack. Despite the recent emphasis on cyber attacks against private and governmental organizations, the genesis of American interest and awareness of cyber threats began during the Clinton Administration. Unfortunately, the quest for improved cybersecurity has experienced uneven progress. Cybersecurity strategy, policy and organization have undergone numerous changes, and each change has attempted to adapt to the dynamic nature of cyberspace. While progress has been made on many fronts, cybersecurity strategy, policy, and organization has not incorporated some of the lessons the Intelligence Community learned from the 9/11 experience. Because of this shortfall, the United States is potentially vulnerable to a devastating cyber attack."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Tirrell, William K.

  2012-12-14
• Hegemon and Potential Peer Competitor: An Analysis of the United States' Security Security Strategy Towards China

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  From the thesis abstract: "China is in the middle of a comprehensive transformation process when it comes to economy, politics and military, and the economic interdependencies between China and the US are significant. The purpose of my thesis is to evaluate the US contemporary security strategy towards China with reference to both apparent strategy and policy and to the politics of implementation. The main research question is: Is the United States' contemporary national security strategy for dealing with China appropriate in the light of political and economic development in China? The analysis leads to the conclusion that the United States' contemporary security strategy for dealing with China is inconsistent, and it is not appropriate in the light of political and economic development in China. On the one hand, the United States is publicly proclaiming engagement, cooperation and good relations with China. On the other hand she invests heavily in defense to deter the Chinese from entering those areas that the US currently dominates. While China has chosen reform with strong elements of revolution as its main path, the US strategy is characterized by co-option and constrain. The consequence is uncertainty and to a certain degree instability."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Gjerde, Ingrid Margrethe

  2006-06-16
• Strategic Resource Dependence, Conflict, and Implications for U.S. National Security Policy in the Twenty-First Century

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  From the thesis abstract: "The purpose of this study was to examine technological strategic resource dependence, its potential for conflict in the twenty-first century, and subsequent influences on United States (U.S.) national security policy. In particular, the study explored whether or not the notion that nations were in a constant state of, or preparing for, armed conflict over strategic resources--specifically those linked to critical technologies that sustained economic prosperity and national security--is substantiated. To gain insight, the study explored five interrelated concepts within the context of three historical examples. The five concepts explored were macroinventions/microinventions, strategic resources and access, usage of instruments of national power--specifically military, effects on national security policy, and the concept of techno--resource--dependence transition periods. The study did not find what it expected with regards to historical strategic resource conflict. That is, it did not find that technological strategic resource dependence always led to 'armed' conflict; nor were nations in a constant state of, or preparing for, armed conflict over strategic resources. Instead, the study found that strategic resource dependence more often than not led to economic and informational conflict; with informational conflict increasing as technology progressed. More precisely, emergent technology tended to have a much greater and longer lasting influence on policy, which in turn shaped conflict, than the resource itself."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Mayfield, David W.

  2012-12-14
• United States' Vulnerability to Coercion by China in the Rare Earths Market

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  From the thesis abstract: "This thesis looks at the importation of rare earth elements which are considered vital to the security of the United States (U.S.) and are used to manufacture products for the U.S. defense industry. The purpose of this thesis is to answer the primary research question: Has the U.S. allowed itself to be placed in a position within the world economy which makes it vulnerable to coercion by another world actor, such as a foreign nation or super corporation? In order to answer the research question it was first necessary to identify why rare earth elements are so critical to key strategic programs within the defense industry. An additional analysis of where the world's rare earth mineral reserves are located and which nations are mining rare earths would identify weaknesses or strengths within the global supply chain. The supply chain for which the U.S. receives their rare earth elements and processed products was then tracked and analyzed in order to identify any vulnerability. Once a possible vulnerability was identified the research explores whether the U.S. Government had taken steps to mitigate the risks to the defense industry. The research shows that there is vulnerability in the U.S. supply chain for rare earth elements due to a single source supplier that is not a nation allied to the U.S. Solutions to this problem are currently being addressed by both the U.S. Government and the defense industry. A second and possible third source for rare earth minerals is currently on track to be operational by FY2013."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Hobbs, William D.

  2012-12-14
• Homegrown Terrorism Inside of Democratic States

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  From the thesis abstract: "This research study examines the 7/7 London bombings, the Murrah building attack by Timothy McVeigh, and the Japanese religious terrorist group Aum Shinrikyo. The three groups are analyzed against the recognized forms of human rights, as defined by the United Nations agreement to which all three countries in the case studies are signatories. By analyzing the effect of human rights which exist and are protected in democratic societies against the acts of the terrorist groups and individuals in the case study, an analysis will be presented to ascertain if there are aspects of a democracy which shield the activities of possible homegrown terrorist groups inside the country."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Miller, Warwick S.

  2012-12-14
• Integration of Department of Defense and State Department Efforts to Continue the Global Pursuit of Violent Extremist Organizations

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  From the thesis abstract: "The United States has been engaged in active conflict against Violent Extremist Organizations for over 11 years. This has given the U.S. the ability to effectively track and target hostile organizations before they could materialize enough manpower and resources to effectively target the U.S. homeland and significant interests abroad. As the U.S. draws down a majority of combat forces from the Middle East, the ability to effectively track organizations that are attempting to target American citizens must be maintained and expanded. The Department of Defense and State Department need to integrate their efforts and maximize their capabilities to maintain the pressure that has been maintained over the past eleven years. The Department of Defense should provide personnel and equipment to help track Violent Extremist Organizations, under the guidance and direction of the State Department, at embassies worldwide to ensure the U.S. maintains awareness of movements and actions of our adversaries. The State Department should conduct diplomatic negotiations, before the need for action arises, to ensure that the U.S. military can conduct rapid actions as needed once a threat is identified."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Lucas, Sean P.

  2012-12-14
• National Security Model: A Hybrid Approach for Determining the Legality of the Targeted Killings of U.S. Citizens

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  From the thesis abstract: "Is the targeted killing of United States citizens legal? There are two competing models which address the legality of targeted killings: the law-enforcement model and the armed-conflict model. This paper examines arguments for and against each model. Using the Issue, Rule, Analysis and Conclusion methodology for legal analysis, it analyzes the facts of the case of Anwar al-Awlaki under each model, and based on judicial balancing tests, concludes that neither serves both the interests of protecting constitutional rights and combating terrorism. This paper will show that while the law-enforcement model offers the greatest protection for the constitutional rights of U.S. citizens, it fails to adequately address the threat of terrorism, and that while the armed-conflict model effectively addresses threats, it risks violating constitutional rights. This paper considers proposals for mitigating violations of constitutional rights under the armed-conflict model and ultimately concludes that a third model, based on a system of national security courts, used to determine whether U.S. citizens performed continuous combat functions within organized armed groups, based on the preponderance of evidence, provides decision makers with the best basis from which to determine the permissibility of conducting targeted killings against U.S. citizens. As proposed, this national security model avoids the restrictions of the political question doctrine and allows for adequate protection of due process rights for U.S. citizens."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Ebarb, Omar

  2012-12-14
• Determining if the United States Military is Ready to Eliminate Its Pilots: Use of Combat Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

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  From the thesis abstract: "This study investigates the viability of replacing manned aircraft with unmanned combat aerial vehicles in the armed reconnaissance mission. Increased costs associated with operating a viable Air Force combined with a growing aversion to human, combat losses have prompted military leaders to look for alternate means of conducting warfare. The unmanned combat aerial vehicle provides the future warfighter the capability to strike at the enemy without placing a pilot at risk, and the costs associated with operating the system are much lower than those of manned aircraft. The study identifies the tasks required to conduct the armed reconnaissance mission and compares them to the tasks current unmanned systems can accomplish. Unmanned aerial vehicles currently perform many reconnaissance, surveillance and targeting missions, and unmanned combat aerial vehicles are in the military's concept development stage. They provide many of the capabilities needed to accomplish the armed reconnaissance mission. To determine if the United States military should pursue the goal to replace manned aircraft with unmanned combat aerial vehicles, the study compares the strengths and weaknesses of both systems. The study concludes that the military should continue to develop unmanned systems capable of conducting the armed reconnaissance mission, but emphasis should not center on replacing manned aircraft. Rather, the unmanned combat aerial vehicle should be developed as a force multiplier and employed when the combat situation favors its use."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Fingal, Tod R.

  2001
• Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence (C4I) Interoperability: Are We There Yet?

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  "Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence (C4I) Interoperability: Are We There Yet?" is a thesis written by USAF (US Air Force) Major Brian J. Worth in pursuance of a M.M.A.S (Master of Military Art and Science) in General Studies. From the thesis abstract: "This study examines command, control, communications, computer, and intelligence (C4I) systems interoperability progress within the United States (U.S.) military services and amongst coalition partners since the year 2000. This study uses national military strategy, joint military strategy, service unique strategy and doctrine, Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) and Defense Integrated Military Human Resource System (DIMHRS) case studies, Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) technological standards, C4I technical reports to establish trends, patterns, and gaps in coalition interoperability. C4I interoperability successes are abundant since 2000 but it is clear from current day operations and research that the U.S., its allies and coalition partners need further improvements in order to master the many moving parts required for true coalition C4I systems interoperability. Clearly, acquisition, development, testing, and fielding must be fully integrated into either a joint or coalition solution. In order to achieve C4I interoperability, this study recommends changes in law, namely to the Goldwater-Nichols Act of 1986 to further define the strategic intent of system interoperability among services of the DoD and foreign nations. Changes to national military strategy, joint military strategy, and service-unique military strategy are required to overhaul and emphasize the unequivocal need for fully interoperable C4I systems across the DoD and amongst coalition members. […] Training, operations and maintenance expenditures related to C4I across the services rise annually at exorbitant rates as authorized manpower shrinks and contractor support skyrockets. Efficiencies through standardization of training, joint operations and exercises, and common maintenance practices within DoD can yield substantial savings and concentrate efforts along similar planes. These efforts, along with a concerted C4I interoperability life cycle system, can yield the necessary interoperability to ensure warfighters of the future have at their disposal the most integrated, efficient, and lethal means of conducting military affairs."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Worth, Brian J.

  2008-06-13
• Developing a Cultural Intelligence Capability

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  From the thesis abstract: "The Global War on Terror (GWOT) requires that the military modify its methodology for conducting global operations. The military is transitioning from primarily lethal-focused offensive and defensive operations to full-spectrum operations that also include stability operations. The military must therefore address the need for personnel that can operate globally to accomplish missions. The contemporary areas of operation place United States (U.S.) military forces in foreign lands. The indigenous populations are now fully a component of the 'battlefield' and interaction with indigenous populations is common-place. The effect of cultural ignorance is directly linked to mission accomplishment. Therefore the military must improve its collective cultural capabilities to address this threat to military operations. The corporate and academic world also operates across established cultural boundaries. The stakes for these organizations are high as well. The solution is to address this issue through the development of cultural intelligence. Cultural intelligence is composed of two main aspects: cognitive intelligence (measured by Intelligence Quotient (IQ)) and Emotional Quotient (measured by Emotional Quotient (EQ)). The relative values of each are combined with one's life experience to provide a measure of an individual's Cultural Quotient (CQ). The military can address each component of CQ to develop its collective cultural intelligence. Raising the CQ of the U.S. military will facilitate success in the contemporary operating environment."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Clark, Todd J.

  2008-12-12
• Agroterrorism: Minimizing the Consequences of Intentionally Introduced Foreign Animal Disease

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  From the thesis abstract: "The United States agricultural industry generates more than $1 trillion in annual economic activity and provides an abundant food supply for the United States and other countries. Since the 9/11 attacks, the United States government has recognized the vulnerability of the agriculture industry and the potential for the deliberate introduction of animal and plant diseases or agroterrorism. An agroterrorist attack could have enormous economic consequences, disrupt the entire system of critical infrastructure and affect all Americans. The federal and state governments must establish a comprehensive foreign animal disease strategy that is equal to the risk posed by agroterrorism and/or natural outbreaks. Critical elements of this strategy must reconcile conflicting worldviews and existing tensions between the federal and state government to synchronize all remediation efforts while increasing the nation's preparedness. Finally, the national strategy must address the population of first responders by recognizing the unique authorities, restrictions, and capabilities they possess. The Department of Defense (DoD) has the opportunity to mitigate the risk of agroterrorism to the nation because it possesses the inherent dimension, organization and equipment to rapidly deploy, and conduct operations in austere and geographically distributed areas of operation."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Dykes, James P.

  2010-04-01
• US Army's Pre-Commissioning Programs: The Potential Application to US Civilian Intelligence Agencies as a Means to Increase Collaboration

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  From the thesis abstract: "This thesis examines the potential application of training and education methods utilized by the United States Army pre-commissioning programs to the civilian intelligence agencies with respect to how they might increase collaboration. Specifically, this thesis focuses on how the common basis of education and shared hardship provided by the United States Military Academy at West Point, Officer Candidate School, and ROTC [Reserve Officers' Training Corps] creates a collaborative environment and instills a sense of enduring collaboration for graduates. Research focused on the curriculum design and training found in each pre-commissioning program that builds long-term collaboration in the students such as immersive experiences and the building of a professional identity. Three distinct approaches to adapting the Army pre-commissioning programs to the civilian intelligence community are assessed using the structured-focused methodology, along with the use of evaluation criteria adapted from the Army course of action screening criteria of Feasible, Acceptable, Suitable, Distinguishable, and Complete (FAS-DC). Potential approaches for implementation are identified, along with options for future research and subsequent steps necessary to execute the recommended approach."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Wilder, Matthew K.

  2012-06-08
• Organization of the United States Army Special Forces in the Objective Force

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  From the thesis abstract: "The current task organization of Army Special Forces was developed fifty years ago to execute missions in a very specific operational environment against a threat that was simple to template. In the twenty-first century this organization is no longer suitable. The Army recognizes this and has initiated a program to transform all of its forces into an Objective Force with specific capabilities to successfully operate in the future operational environment in order to accomplish full spectrum dominance. This thesis examines research material revolving around the Army's Transformation Plan for the Objective Force and breaks the analysis into a four step process. The first step is to review the contemporary operational environment and the characteristics of the future threat. The second step is to identify those operations and mission areas of the Objective Force. The third step is to define unconventional operations and the required capabilities that Special Forces will need to embody in order to be successful at every point across the spectrum of operations. The paper concludes by proposing a realistic Special Forces task organization for Units of Employment and Units of Action that embody the requirements stated in the Army's vision for the Objective Force."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Prairie, John S.

  2002
• When Does the Coast Guard's Flag Come Forward?

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  From the thesis abstract: "The United States Coast Guard has strong historical ties to the Navy. Having participated in most of the nation's armed conflicts, the Coast Guard has clearly demonstrated its value as a naval force. Numerous times during the previous two hundred years however, this ability, viewed by some as redundant, has led to inquiries as to the suitability of disbanding the small service or having the Navy absorb it. Consistently preventing this was the fact the role as a naval force was only one of the numerous functions the Coast Guard performed. Many of these other missions, especially those involving law enforcement, could not be undertaken by any other service because of what is commonly known as the Posse Comitatus Act. This has had great significance in the aftermath of 9/11. With the formation of the Department of Homeland Security, the Coast Guard has been given the lead role in the maritime realm of preventing terrorist attacks and reducing vulnerabilities. Maybe now is the time for the Coast Guard to step out of the larger service's shadow and end the two-century-old struggle for parity with the Navy by concentrating on being what it really is . . . the world's best coast guard."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Nelson, Thomas G.

  2004
• Unmanned Systems: Operational Considerations for the 21st Century Joint Task Force Commander and Staff

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  From the thesis abstract: "The Fiscal Year (FY) 2001 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) signed into law a mandate directing the Department of Defense (DoD) to develop and procure Unmanned Systems through FY 2030. These unmanned air, ground, and sea systems are being designed to support Full Spectrum Operations (FSO) in a hybrid-threat environment.The impact for the 2020 Joint Task Force (JTF) is that it will operate with unmanned systems that will revolutionize the way it conducts its operations. Furthermore, the 2020 JTF will be required to leverage cutting-edge information technologies that will ensure a secure and collaborative command and control network in a security environment that is increasingly competitive due to the proliferation of advanced unmanned systems. The challenge then is to posture the 2020 JTF to integrate these revolutionary unmanned systems. The essential tasks are to ensure operational reach and establish operational access throughout operations which are increasingly ready to be accomplished with revolutionary unmanned systems in lieu of manned systems."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Vargas, Ronny A.

  2012-06-08
• New Use for the Aerial Reconnaissance Multi-Sensor (ARMS) Aircraft: How to Appropriately Use the ARMS Aircraft for Homeland Security without Infringement on the Posse Commitatus Act

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  From the thesis abstract: "The Army Reserve Aerial Reconnaissance Multi-Sensor (ARMS) Aircraft are no longer required to provide overwatch in Iraq. With budgetary constraints, both the Department of Defense (DoD) and Department of Homeland Security (DHS) must employ fiscal responsibility by sharing assets. The ARMS aircraft can provide DHS similar overwatch capability as in Iraq, limiting the need for other more costly aerial assets and adding capacity. Additional mapping missions would increase operational reach for DHS. Such missions can be conducted without infringing on the Posse Commitatus Act by establishing proper control measures. Both DoD and DHS will benefit and show fiscial [sic] responsibility."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Kennepp, Tracy L.

  2012-12-14
• Evaluation of Remotely Piloted Vehicles in the Antiarmor Role

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  From the document abstract: "There exists a need in the United States Army for a weapons system that is capable of engaging armored vehicles at ranges far exceeding the range of the main armament of the tank. This need is currently being filled by the TV guided bomb and the helicopter mounted TOW [Tube-launched, Optically-tracked, Wire command] missile. However, both of these systems suffer from the drawbacks of high cost and high vulnerability to antiaircraft artillery and missiles. The Remotely Piloted Vehicle (RPV) is a new weapons concept that is examined and compared with the two existing systems. The RPV is found to be far less expensive and much less vulnerable to antiaircraft fire but suffers some possible problems in an electronic countermeasures environment. Some possible solutions to this ECM [Electronic Counter Measures] problem are offered which promise to make the RPV a superior antitank weapon when used as a laser designator for a terminally guided, laser homing weapon."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  1974-01-10
• Protecting, Isolating, and Controlling Behavior: Population and Resource Control Measures in Counterinsurgency Campaigns

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  From the thesis abstract: "The classical counterinsurgency theorists emphasize that it is necessary for the government to gain and maintain control of the population in order to defeat the insurgency. They describe population and resource control measures as a means of doing so. However, some contemporary writers have questioned the legitimacy of such tactics and doubt that they can be employed effectively in modern campaigns. Four case studies from three different campaigns: the Philippines, Vietnam, and Iraq, examine how population and resource control measures can be employed effectively and legitimately by the counterinsurgent force. The case studies reveal that protecting and isolating the population is the most critical component of any such measures, without this condition the measures will not achieve their desired effect. The case studies also reveal that once the protection and isolation are in place, the government can focus on controlling the behavior of the population. That is, it can prevent behavior that supports the insurgency while enabling behavior that supports the government or is neutral. This denies the insurgency its means of support and facilitates the destruction of its armed and subversive elements by the counterinsurgent forces."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Battjes, Mark E.

  2011
• Is Current US Counterinsurgency Doctrine Applicable to Lebanese Hizballah and the Taliban?

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  From the thesis abstract: "This thesis explores the applicability of current US counterinsurgency doctrine in Joint Publication 3-24, Field Manual 3-24 and Field Manual 3-24.2 to the Lebanese Hizballah and Taliban insurgencies. In particular, this thesis examines the Cold War operational environment which influenced the writings of Mao Tse Tung, David Galula and Bard O'Neill and contrasts that to the current operational environment in which Lebanese Hizballah and the Taliban operate. Additionally, the thesis explores the historical evolution of Hizballah and the Taliban and the applicability of current US counterinsurgency doctrine to these two groups. In both case studies the applicability of current doctrine is mixed as doctrine downplays the role of religion and relies upon Maoist insurgency phasing to describe Hizballah and Taliban insurgency evolution. This is especially misleading with regard to how Hizballah converted itself into a major political party. The thesis concludes insurgency doctrine needs to be updated to reflect the current operational environment and recommends expanding the foreign area officer program, reexamining the Iraq, Lebanon and Afghanistan conflicts to guide counterinsurgency doctrinal development. By implementing these recommendations, senior US Army commanders will improve their ability to conduct Battle Command in counterinsurgency environments."

  U.S. Army Command and General Staff College

  Carlson, Sean P.

  2010-06-11