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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of SABRE 2000 Handheld Trace and Vapor Detector Against Chemical Warfare Agents--Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available SABRE 2000 Handheld Trace and Vapor Detector. This instrument was tested against HD, GB, and GA vapors under various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of these instruments.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.
2001-08
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of the VaporTracer Against Chemical Warfare Agents - Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available VaporTracer. The VaporTracer instruments were tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor under various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of the VaporTracer.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Baranoski, John M.; Ong, Kwok Y.
2002-05
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of MIRAN SapphIRe Portable Ambient Air Analyzers Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available MIRAN SapphIRe Portable Ambient Air Analyzer. These detectors were tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor at various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of these detectors.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.; Barnhouse, Jacob L.
2000-07
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of SAW MiniCAD mkII Detector Against Chemical Warfare Agents--Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available SAW MiniCAD mkII. The instrument was tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor at various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of the SAW MiniCAD mkII.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.; Johnson, Marcia A.
2001-09
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of RAE Systems ppbRAE Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Monitor Photo-Ionization Detector (PID) Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available ppbRAE Photo-ionization Detector (PID). The instrument was tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor under various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of the ppbRAE PID.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.
2001-09-19
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Domestic Preparedness Report: Testing of MSA Detector Tubes Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available MSA Detector tubes. These detectors were tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor at various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of these detector tubes.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.; Barnhouse, Jacob L. . . .
2000-07
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of the SCENTOSCREEN Gas Chromatograph Instrument Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available SCENTOSCREEN by Sentex. The instrument was tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor under various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of the SCENTOSCREEN.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Baranoski, John M.; Ong, Kwok Y.
2002-08
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of Photovac MicroFID Handheld Flame Ionization Detectors Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available Photovac MicroFID Handheld Flame Ionization Detector. These detectors were tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor at various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of these detectors.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.; Barnhouse, Jacob L. . . .
1999-10
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Biological Warfare Improved Response Program (BW-IRP) Response Decision Tree Workshop
"Based on PL 104-201, the Biological Warfare Improved Response Program (BW-IRP) was established in 1998 to identify, evaluate, and demonstrate the best practical approaches to improve domestic preparedness
for incidents of biological warfare (BW). The BW-IRP is a multi-year program under the auspices of the
Department of Defense and operated by the US Army Soldier Biological and Chemical Command (SBCCOM). During its first year of operation, the BW-IRP assembled an experienced, multi-agency team from the medical and responder communities to develop two primary products: a BW Response Template summarized in Figure 1 and a prioritized list of response gaps and improvements that would be the basis for additional study. The workshop participants concluded that development of the BW Decision Tree was a significant aid in
identifying and tracking the difficult but necessary decisions that must be made during an ongoing large scale medical emergency. Additionally, the participants concluded that the BW Decision Tree is
extremely helpful in providing a quick overview of the BW Response Template, facilitating its use, and
understanding the rationale for why it is needed."
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
1999-08
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Guidelines for Use of Personal Protective Equipment by Law Enforcement Personnel During a Terrorist Chemical Agent Incident
The challenges facing law enforcement officers vary greatly between those of a hazardous materials (HazMat) incident and a deliberate attack using chemical agents. The CWIRP
undertook this study to characterize these challenges in terms that are understandable to the law enforcement departments and individuals that may find themselves in these situations. In doing so, the CWIRP has attempted to identify and evaluate various personal protective equipment (PPE) alternatives that law enforcement officials may choose to use based on the types of missions being performed at the incident scene. Primary consideration was given to the protection of patrol officers operating on the perimeters of the incident and performing necessary
crowd control and security functions as well as tactical teams that may be called on to perform operations inside of the Warm Zone. Protective clothing options for bomb technicians are basically limited due to the inherent dangers associated with the mission. The CWIRP did not identify any alternative protective ensembles beyond the already available chemical/biological (C/B) bomb suit. It is the Program's intent to provide law enforcement officials with sufficient information to make informed decisions about how to equip their departments for responding to
a chemical terrorist attack.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
2001-06
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Alternative Health Care Facility: Concept of Operations for the Off-Site Triage, Treatment, and Transportation Center (OST3C) Mass Casualty Care Strategy for a Chemical Terrorism Incident
The Chemical Weapons Improved Response Program (CWIRP) has developed an alternative health care facility, herein referred to as the Off-site Triage, Treatment, and Transportation Center (OST3C or Center). This facility will supplement a community's existing health care system in managing the overwhelming number of casualties, both actual and psychosomatic, following a terrorist incident. Specifically the OST3C is meant to care for those patients who have been triaged 'Minimal' at the scene, those patients who are worried that they might have been exposed, and those who self-refer to the Center. The Concept of Operations for the Off-Site Triage, Treatment, and Transportation Center was written to assist planners, administrators, responders, medical professionals, public health, and emergency management personnel better prepare for and provide mass casualty care. This document presents the philosophy of care for the OST3C as well as operational planning considerations. The OST3C Concept of Operations is meant to be flexible and modular. The intention of this document is to provide jurisdictions with a basic understanding of the OST3C so that they can customize the concept to fit their specific needs and incorporate their version of the Center into the larger response effort.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
2001-03
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Medical Disaster Conference
The Medical Disaster Conference held at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, on June 13-15, 2001 was designed to address recommendations for the application of emerging technologies for counter-terrorism and discuss ongoing work concerning response strategies for biological incidents. The conference focused on two key goals: 1) developing a resource, logistic, and command and control strategy to respond to different scales of biological incidents, and 2) conceptualizing a future biological response system that employs distributed command and control, telemedicine, and robotics. Communities and military bases throughout the country would benefit from a practical resource and logistics response strategy that also includes plans for future technological advancements. As a result of the conference, participants were able to devise a regional response concept for identifying, obtaining, and applying response resources in the timeframe dictated by the temporal sequence of consequences during the course of a biological incident. The concept, based on the rapid integration of diverse resources, requires local, state, and federal agencies to plan and understand the strategy before an event. Participants also developed a biological response resource and allocation model and a long-term strategy that centers on a national distributed command and control system and simulator. The system is designed to integrate response and communication at the local, state, and federal levels. A distributed command and control system would provide a platform for advanced cybercare systems to reduce the impact of a biological incident by providing rapid detection, identification, and treatment. It was suggested that the near and long-term strategies be adopted as a national strategy for responding to biological terrorism. A 10-point action plan was developed to assist with the implementation of this national strategy.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
2001-06
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Acute Care Center: A Mass Casualty Care Strategy for Biological Terrorism Incidents
The purpose of this pamphlet is to provide basic information on the mass casualty care concept known as the Acute Care Center (ACC). The ACC is one component of a disaster medical system developed by the Domestic Preparedness Biological Weapons Improved Response Program (BWIRP). The system is intended to assist emergency planners and health care providers in planning and coordinating an effective medical response following a large-scale terrorism attack involving the use of a biological weapon in a civilian community. The concept represents one approach that addresses a response to a major noncontagious BW incident. The information contained in this pamphlet is not a final solution but can be tailored for individual community application. A more comprehensive description of the ACC can be found in the Concept of Operations for the Acute Care Center.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
2001-12
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Guidelines for Cold Weather Mass Decontamination During a Terrorist Chemical Agent Incident (Final Report)
This report provides guidance on cold weather mass decontamination procedures for emergency responders. All methods discussed in this report are potential options under extreme circumstances. As the ambient air temperature decreases, some wet decontamination processes, while potentially life-saving, present risks that must be balanced against the hazards posed by the chemical agents. The guidelines presented in this document are intended to provide responders with mass decontamination options based on decreasing ambient air temperatures. These recommendations were developed with input from cold weather experts and rescue personnel. Responders should use whatever resources are available in time of need and should select the fastest method available because decontamination is most effective when performed immediately. The key to successful decontamination is to use the fastest approach that will cause the least harm and do the most good for the majority of the people. Despite misconceptions among responders, the risk of hypothermia as a result of cold weather mass casualty decontamination is minimal. Less well recognized is the risk of cold shock, which can be minimized by following the recommended guidelines presented in the report (see 6.0, Conclusions and Recommendations: The Bottom Line). Special populations, such as the elderly and the very young, should be given priority for limited resources such as blankets and indoor shelter because of limited or impaired ability to maintain body temperature. Regardless of the ambient temperature, people who have been exposed to a known life-threatening level of chemical contamination should disrobe, undergo decontamination with copious amounts of high-volume, low-pressure water or alternative decontamination method, and be sheltered as soon as possible.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
2002-01
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Advantages of Using a Negative Pressure Respirator Hood: Guidance On The Use Of Hoods With Chemical Protective Respirators And Chemical Protective Suits
The U.S. Army Soldier and Biological Chemical Command (SBCCOM) conducts tests to measure the protection that chemical protective ensembles provide against vapor exposure of the skin. These tests are called Man-In-Simulant Tests (MIST). Although a negative pressure respirator hood does not significantly increase respiratory protection, it does protect the skin about the head and neck from vapor exposure. This is particularly true when the respirator hood is worn in combination with a suit hood. Our testing shows that when the respirator hood is tucked down into the neck opening of the protective suit, and the protective suit hood is worn over the respirator hood, protection against vapor exposure is significantly increased. We call this hood configuration double-hooded. The double-hooded configuration significantly reduces vapor exposure about the head, neck, ears, and backs of the cheeks. In these body regions, the skin absorbs many vapors faster than it does in many other body regions. Therefore, vapor exposures about the head present greater hazards than vapor exposures in many other regions of the body. Wearing a suit hood over the respirator hood, with the respirator hood tucked down into the neck opening of the protective suit, provides significantly better protection of the overall individual against vapor exposures. We recommend that a negative pressure respirator hood always be worn with Level C chemical protective suit ensembles, even if the suit has an attached hood. When used in the double-hooded configuration, two protective hoods are better than one for skin protection about the neck and cheeks.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
2002
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Chemical Weapons Improved Response Program (CWIRP) Playbook: Guidelines for Responding to and Managing a Chemical Weapons of Mass Destruction Terrorist Event
This Playbook, one of several products of the Chemical Weapons Improved Response Program (CWIRP) process, serves to identify the key issues that the program studied and provides basic recommendations and guidelines for enhancing response and management of a chemical incident. This document, along with the referenced material in Part VII, provides a comprehensive collection of knowledge of the CWIRP. The Playbook and other referenced documents are designed to build upon the DPP WMD training program awareness and operations training. The issues covered in the Playbook are intended to be applicable to the majority of jurisdictions across the country (large, small, metropolitan, rural). Jurisdictions and agencies using the Playbook to assist in preparation of plans, policies, and procedures for response to a chemical WMD incident are expected to adapt these recommendations to fit their current level of preparedness and staffing.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
2001
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Chemical Weapons Improved Reponse Program: 2000 Summary Report
The purpose of this summary report is to inform members of the first responder and emergency management communities about the on-going activities, initiatives, and lessons learned from the Chemical Weapons Improved Response Program (CWIRP). It is the intent of this program to relay information to these communities that will result in improved procedures, organizations, individual personnel knowledge base, and awareness of equipment capabilities surrounding a terrorist use of chemical agents. The information and experience shared among members of the national response community will hopefully be used as a tool to better prepare our nation as a whole against the inevitability of the use of chemical agents of mass destruction on U.S. soil.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
2000
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Chemical Protective Clothing for Law Enforcement Patrol Officers and Emergency Medical Services when Responding to Terrorism with Chemical Weapons
This report contains information related to the testing of commercially available chemical protective suits. The information contained in this report is intended for use by law enforcement patrol officers in the event of a terrorist attack that involves the use of Chemical Warfare Agents (CWA). Additionally, this information may also be applicable for Emergency
Medical Services (EMS) personnel and other first responders at this type of incident. For easy dissemination, this report is available at the following web-site: http://www.nbc-prepare.org. This report covers Man In Simulant Testing (MIST) of the following commercially available, Level C chemical protective suits: the Tyvec Protective Wear suit (garage-type, for mechanics), the Kappler CPF4 suit (model # 4T434), the TyChem 9400 (style 94160) suit, the TyChem SL (style 72150) suit, and the Tyvec ProTech F suit. These suits are being considered by law enforcement agencies for use at scenes where chemical warfare agents have been used by terrorists. This testing examined how well the complete protective suit ensembles protect the wearer against vapor adsorption at the skin by exposing test participants wearing the suits to a chemical agent simulant (methyl salicylate) and measuring the Physiological Protective Dosage Factor (PPDF) the wearers received while performing a set of typical law enforcement activities. The results showed that the suits provided the wearers an average Overall Physiological Protective Dosage Factor (PPDF) of: standard police uniform - 2.0; Tyvec - 4.0; CPF4 - 17.6; TyChem 9400 - 16.5; TyChem SL - 23.7, and the Tyvec ProTech F - 41.8.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
1999-11
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Guidelines for Responding to a Chemical Weapons Incident
This "Guidelines for Responding to a Chemical Weapons Incident" document has been developed by the Domestic Preparedness Program (DPP). Through the U.S. Army Soldier and Biological Chemical Command (SBCCOM), Chemical Weapons Improved Response Program (CWIRP), members of the Law Enforcement, Health and Safety, and the Emergency Response Functional Groups designed these guidelines with the intent to give assistance to all response personnel in dealing with critical incident management decisions consistent with an actual chemical weapons (CW) emergency response. These guidelines are neither mandated nor required procedures for response to the scene of a chemical terrorism incident. Rather, they are presented to provide technical and operational guidance for those agencies wishing to improve their response and related operations should a CW incident occur in their community. The focus of these guidelines was to validate the procedures and recommendations developed through the series of emergency response technical reports that have already been published by the CWIRP. That validation process was conducted via a forum consisting of representatives from the fire, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), police, and health and safety communities.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
2001
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Two Test Methods for Personal Protective Clothing Systems in Chemical Environments
Infiltration tests tell us if personal protective clothing (PPC) systems leak. They also show how much leakage occurs when the individual moves around and conducts normal activity. Infiltration tests best apply to fully encapsulating, Level-A, protective systems, because these tests measure overall system leakage and show how long it takes the leakage to infiltrate the system. For fully protective, Level-A systems, the aerosol infiltration test should give a high protection factor, indicating very little leakage. When leakage is small enough, hazards are precluded. MIS tests tell us if leakage creates a toxic hazard to the wearer. MIS tests are best suited for systems that are not fully encapsulating. These protective systems do not provide protection factors as high as Level-A systems. We use MIS tests with these systems to evaluate the toxic hazard associated with using the system in a contaminated environment. For protective systems receiving MIS testing, protection factors are not as large as those for Level A systems, however protection factors should be large enough to reduce toxic hazards to an acceptable level for the given emergency situation.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Fedele, Paul D.
2001
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Final Report of the Biological Warfare Improved Response Program (BW-IRP): CDC/DoD Smallpox Workshop to U.S. Army Soldier and Biological Chemical Command (SBCCOM)
The Biological Warfare Improved Response Program (BW IRP) participants determined that there is a gap in the handling of communicable diseases. A response to a bioterrorist incident involving a communicable disease agent is substantially complicated by the possible diverse sources of infection. In an effort to close this gap, SBCCOM teamed with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to sponsor a workshop in April 2000. The goal of the workshop was "To refine the CDC Smallpox Control Plan/Strategy by applying it against a manufactured outbreak scenario. Specific areas to be evaluated were vaccination, quarantine/isolation, and medical surveillance. These focus areas will provide information that is valuable to CDC to improve their plan and help to better define unique elements of a response to an event involving use of a communicable disease agent." The report is divided into three primary sections. The first section discusses the process used to arrive at the conclusions in this report. The second section briefly discusses the focus areas described in the purpose, and the third section provides the proposed segments of the decision tree, based on the breakout groups' discussions, and recommendations on the response template as they relate to a communicable disease.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Kussman, Richard L.; Adler, Suman; Ayala, Eddie
2000-04
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Biological Warfare Improved Response Program: Executive Summary: 1998 Summary Report on BW Response Template and Response Improvements
The work reported here was started in April 1998 and completed in December 1998. The work was performed as a part of the Nunn-Lugar-Domenici Domestic Preparedness Program. This report presents results of an analysis of domestic response to an act of biological terrorism. Findings contained in the report will be reduced to practice and tested before they are offered to U.S. cities for their possible adaptation and implementation. This report suggests future work to validate findings, fill gaps and assess other aspects of biological domestic preparedness. The BW IRP team identified the need for and proceeded to formulate a generic BW Response Template that embodies the concepts and the specific activities that a city could perform to respond effectively to a BW incident. The template, described in detail in the report, is a listing of activities that would need to be performed to respond to major BW terrorist incident. These are organized into groups that we refer to as components of the response template. Together the components represent an integrated response system. The Team developed timelines for each response activity in order to
see how the activities could work together to deal with the dynamics of the onset of casualties for different attack scenarios. The Team then analyzed the personnel and material resources needed to perform each response activity. Lastly, the Team estimated the sources and timing of personnel resources from local, State, and Federal assets in order to determine the overall practicality of the response template and identify shortfalls. Throughout, the Team took a "bottom up" approach and let the problem drive the solution.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
1999-03-10
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Domestic Preparedness Program Evaluation of the Agilent GC-FPD/MSD (Gas Chromatograph-Flame Photometric Detector/Mass Selective Detector) System Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available Agilent GCFPD/ MSD linked to a Dynatherm system. This system is a thermal desorption, sample concentrating GC-FPD/MSD (gas
chromatograph-flame photometric detector and mass selective detector). The system was tested against HD, GB, and GA with the intent to detect the AEL level concentration. This report is to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection and verification an overview of the capabilities of the system. The system is planned for use in a mobile analytical laboratory.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Baranoski, John M.; Ong, Kwok Y.
2002-10
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of HAZMATCAD Detectors Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available HAZMATCAD. Three HAZMATCAD instruments were tested against HD, GB, and GA vapors under various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of the HAZMATCAD. The test concept was as follows: determine the minimum detectable level (MDL), the lowest concentration where repeatable detection readings are achieved for each selected CW agent, (the current military Joint Services Operational Requirements (JSOR) for point sampling detectors served as a guide for detection sensitivity objectives); investigate the effects of humidity and temperature on instrument performance; observe the effects of potential interfering vapors upon instrument performance in the laboratory and in the field.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Baranoski, John M.; Ong, Kwok Y.
2002-02
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of Detectors Against Chemical Warfare Agents - Summary Report (UC AP2C Portable Chemical Contamination Control Monitor Collective Unit)
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available UC AP2C Portable Chemical Contamination Control Monitor Collective Unit. These detectors were tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor at various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of these detectors.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.
2001-05
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of the CAM-Chemical Agent Monitor (Type L) Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available CAM Chemical Agent Monitor (Type L). This instrument was tested against HD, GB and GA vapor at various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of these instruments.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.
2001-08
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Testing of Commercially Available Detectors Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
Five commercial detector types including photoionization, flame ionization, anc colorimetric detector tubes, were tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor at various conditions. These detectors were also challenged with potential interferent vapors. This summary report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of these detectors. It is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of these detectors' characteristics based on results of the evaluation.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.; Barnhouse, Jacob L. . . .
1999-02
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of APD2000 Chemical Warfare Agent Detector Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available APD2000 Chemical Agent Detector. These detectors were tested against HD (Mustard), GB (Sarin), and GA (Tabun) vapor at various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of these detectors.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.; Barnhouse, Jacob L.
2000-08
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of M90-D1-C Chemical Warfare Agent Detector Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available M90-D1-C Chemical Agent Detector. These detectors were tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor at various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of these detectors.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.; Barnhouse, Jacob L.
2000-12
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Transforming Chemical and Biological Defense Acquisition
A presentation from the World Wide Chemical Conference XIX by the U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Agency about the current and future capabilities chemical and biological acquisition process.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Reeves, Stephen, V.
2002-09
