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Risk Communications and the Chemical Stockpile Emergency-Preparedness Program
"The Source Book has been developed for the Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program (CSEPP) in support of the training course on risk communications. The purpose of the document is to provide a fairly comprehensive document on risk communication research and recommended practices, especially as they relate to the CSEPP. In a world of increasing risks, appropriate and continual dialogue with affected publics about risks should be one of the foremost concerns of public agencies, especially those involved in risk communications for the CSEPP. How that information is interpreted or modified by existing beliefs remains problematical. To enhance risk communication efforts, we need communications of risks in a language easily understood by the majority of publics. Effective public participation also depends substantially upon the development of indigenous technical and analytic resources and upon the institutional means to act upon and incorporate that increased knowledge."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
Sorensen, John H.; Vogt, Barbara M.
1994-09
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Communication of Emergency Public Warnings: A Social Science Perspective and State-of-the-Art Assessment
More than 200 types of warning systems and warning response were reviewed for this social science perspective and state-of-the-art assessment of communication of emergency public warnings. [...] different methods of warning the public are not equally effective at providing and alert and notification in different physical and social settings. Most systems can provide a warning given three or more hours of available warning time. Special systems such as tone-alert radios are needed to provide rapid warning.
United States. Department of Energy
Mileti, Dennis S.; Sorensen, John H.
1990-08
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Guide to Public Alerts and Warnings for Dam and Levee Emergencies
"The guidebook's purpose is to assist the emergency manager in issuing more timely and effective public alert and warning messages for floods caused by dam breaches, controlled dam releases, and levee breaches or overtopping. The guidebook is not about how to install, maintain and operate emergency public communication technologies. Designing and implementing an effective public education campaign to enhance household preparedness is also outside the scope of this guidebook, although alert/warning topics should be addressed in general public education/information programs. This guidebook is based on findings from decades of research on disaster warnings. It presents best practices derived from these findings. The guidebook is supported by the data presented in three technical papers on warning issuance, alert/warning diffusion, and public alert/warning response referenced at the end of this document."
United States. Army. Corps of Engineers
Mileti, Dennis S.; Sorensen, John H.
2015-06-05
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Will Duct Tape and Plastic Really Work? Issues Related to Expedient Shelter-In-Place
"Expedient sheltering involves the use of common materials to enhance the safety of a room inside a building against the impacts of a chemical plume. The central premise behind taping and sealing with duct tape and plastic is to reduce airflow into a room. This paper reviews issues associated with the use of expedient sheltering materials and the effectiveness of this strategy."
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Sorensen, John H.; Vogt, Barbara M.
2001-08
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Planning Protective Action Decision-Making: Evacuate Or Shelter-In-Place?
"Deciding whether to evacuate or to shelter-in-place is one of the most important questions facing local emergency planners responding to a toxic chemical release. That such a complex decision with such important potential consequences must be made with such urgency places tremendous responsibility on the planners and officials involved. Researchers have devoted considerable attention to the evacuation/shelter-in-place protection decision. While several decision aids have been developed, no single approach has achieved widespread acceptance based on validity, utility, and effectiveness (Ujihara 1989, Mannan and Kilpatrick 2000). In the absence of an agreed-upon methodology for making this decision, the best strategy for local emergency planners and officials is a thorough understanding of all the components affecting the decision. This paper summarizes what is currently known about the evacuation/shelter-in-place protection decision and points to available literature that more thoroughly explores the individual components of the decision. The next section summarizes the major issues in protective action decision process. This is followed by a discussion of all the factors that may bear on the protective action decision process. The final section address how to make a protective action decision."
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Sorensen, John H.; Vogt, Barbara M.; Shumpert, Barry
2002-06
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Shelter-In-Place
This presentation provides an overview concept of Sheltering-In-Place. It presents several sheltering-in-place strategies, different infiltration and protections in sheltering-in-place, an overview of public compliance for sheltering-in-place, and sheltering-in-place effectiveness.
United States. Department of Energy
Sorensen, John H.
2001-12
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