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Earthquake Forewarning in the Cascadia Region
"This report, prepared for the National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council (NEPEC), is intended as a step toward improving communications about earthquake hazards between information providers and users who coordinate emergency-response activities in the Cascadia region of the Pacific Northwest. NEPEC charged a subcommittee of scientists with writing this report about forewarnings of increased probabilities of a damaging earthquake. We begin by clarifying some terminology; a 'prediction' refers to a deterministic statement that a particular future earthquake will or will not occur. In contrast to the 0- or 100-percent likelihood of a deterministic prediction, a 'forecast' describes the probability of an earthquake occurring, which may range from >0 to
Geological Survey (U.S.)
Gomberg, Joan S., 1957-; Atwater, Brian F.; Beeler, Nicholas . . .
2015
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CREST Project: Consolidated Reporting of Earthquakes and Tsunamis
"In 1997 the U.S. Geological Survey, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, and the five western states joined in a partnership to enhance t he quality and quantity of seismic data provided to the NOAA tsunami warning centers in Alaska and Hawaii. The project, named t he Consolidated Reporting of Earthquakes and Tsunamis (CREST), now provides the warning centers with real-time seismic data over dedicated communication links and the Internet from regional seismic networks monitoring earthquakes in the five western states, the U.S. National Seismic Network in Colorado) and from domestic and global seismic stations operated by other agencies. The goal of t he project is to reduce the time needed to issue a tsunami warning by providing the warning centers with high-dynamic range, broadband waveforms in near real-time. An additional goal is to reduce the likelihood of issuing false tsunami warnings by rapidly providing to the warning centers parametric information on earthquakes that could indicate their tsunamigenic potential, such as hypocenters, magnitudes) moment tensors, and shake distribution maps. At the end of the 5-year project new or upgraded field instrumentation will be installed at about 56 seismic stations in the five western states. Data from these instruments has been integrated into t he CREST network utilizing Earthworm software. The CREST system has significantly reduced the time needed to respond to teleseismic earthquakes. Notably, the West Coast/Alaska Tsunami Warning Center responded to the 28 February 2001 Mw 6.8 Nisqually earthquake beneath Olympia ) Washington within 2 min) compared to an average response time of over 10 min for the previous 18 years."
United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Oppenheimer, D.; Bittenbinder, Alex; Bogaert, Barbara
2001-08-07
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National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program 2009 - 2013 Strategic Plan
From the Executive Summary: "This Strategic Plan describes how, over the next five years (2009 -- 2013), the NTHMP [National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Plan] will help U.S. coastal communities threatened by tsunamis improve their preparedness and mitigation efforts. The successful implementation of this strategic plan will result in the following outcomes: (1) Reduction of loss of life and property damage from tsunami; (2) Successful execution of NTHMP tsunami mapping, modeling, mitigation, planning and education efforts; (3) Tsunami inundation maps that support informed decision making in tsunami-threatened communities; (4) Tsunami evacuation maps that support effective preparedness and response; (5) A culture of tsunami preparedness and response (6) Establishment of more tsunami resilient communities; (7) Effective and reliable warning dissemination to people at risk (8) Understandable and effective Tsunami Warning Center products."
National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program (U.S.)
Oppenheimer, D.; Rhoades, Jenifer; Roberts, Mark W. . . .
2009-08-13
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