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Effectiveness of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program
"The Advisory Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction (ACEHR) was established in 2004 as part of the reauthorization of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) (Public Law 108-360). ACEHR's members are non-Federal employees serving three-year terms from research and academic institutions, earthquake-related professions, and state and local governments. We are charged with assessing trends and developments in the science and engineering of earthquake hazards reduction; the effectiveness of NEHRP in performing its statutory activities and any need to revise NEHRP; and the management, coordination, implementation, and activities of NEHRP. This report is provided to the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) who serves as the Director of the Interagency Coordinating Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction (referred to in this report as the 'ICC')2. Its recommendations are also directed to the NEHRP Secretariat and the four NEHRP agencies--the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), NIST, National Science Foundation (NSF), and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The report is structured to reflect on the Program's achievements and challenges since its inception in 1977, new trends and developments in the science and engineering of earthquake hazards reduction, and concerns about the future of NEHRP. Two critical and overarching needs for NEHRP's future are then discussed, followed by a series of programmatic and agency-specific assessments and recommendations."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2017-09-11
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Effectiveness of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program: A Report from the Advisory Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction [May 2008]
This report form the Advisory Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction discusses the severity of the diminishing funds appropriated for the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) and the recommendations for its participating agencies, FEMA, NSF, NIST and the USGS. "This report is a brief synthesis of the Committee's observations, conclusions, and recommendations related to the current status of NEHRP. It does not attempt to repeat information received by ACEHR on NEHRP activities to date of strategic plans. It also does not attempt to outline the process used to develop the recommendations, as that is well noted in the meeting summaries, the trends and developments papers and the assessment scorecard used to gather opinions related to effectiveness. The report is organized around the task assigned to ACEHR by its authorizing legislation. Section 2, Program Effectiveness and Needs, is organized by NEHRP agency and focuses on past and current accomplishments, future plans, and modifications needed to address the goals of the 2008-2012 NEHRP Strategic Plan. Two or three prioritized recommendations are included that related to augmenting each agency's activities beyond their current efforts. Section 3, Management, Coordination, and Implementation of NEHRP, includes complimentary assessments of the "new" NEHRP office within NIST, the effectiveness of the Program Coordination Working Group (PCWG), and the intrinsic agencies and the Directors of the White House OMB and OSTP. This report also includes some suggestions on future ACEHR activities and membership and a single recommendation related to post-earthquake investigations."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2008-05
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Strategic Plan for the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program: Fiscal Years 2008-2012
"This Strategic Plan for the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) for Fiscal Years 2008-2012 is submitted to Congress by the Interagency Coordinating Committee (ICC) of NEHRP, as required by the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977, as amended by Public Law 108-360. The Plan outlines a cooperative program of earthquake monitoring, research, implementation, education, and outreach activities performed by the NEHRP agencies. […] This Plan provides a straightforward and executable strategy for NEHRP. Successful strategic planning and Program accomplishment must be consistent with existing policies, based on realistic assumptions, and responsive to changing conditions. The pace of Program accomplishment will depend on the funding that is requested by NEHRP agencies and appropriated by Congress for NEHRP purposes during the 2008-2012 Plan period. This Plan should be used to guide relevant funding decisions by NEHRP agencies. Following the adoption of this Plan, the NEHRP agencies will jointly develop an annual Management Plan that details Strategic Plan implementation activities that are consistent with agency appropriations and funding priorities. The NEHRP agencies will keep abreast of advancements in science and technology, adjusting both short-and long-term developmental efforts to take advantage of new results. NEHRP will remain focused on the elements of this Strategic Plan, but will adapt to contingencies and opportunities that may arise. If a major earthquake occurs in the United States during the Plan period, NEHRP will initiate efforts to study the effects and impacts of that event, including successes, failures, and unforeseen problems that arose in mitigation, response, and recovery practices and policies, and adjust this Plan as needed."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2008-04
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National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Fact Sheet: Indian Ocean Earthquake/Tsunami of December 26, 2004
"The December 26, 2004 event in the Indian Ocean was a rare magnitude 9.0 earthquake with an undersea source that triggered a massive tsunami. The effects of the earthquake-induced tsunami were felt throughout the Indian Ocean rim countries, resulting in estimates of more than 155,000 fatalities, 500,000 injured, and damages well in excess of $10 billion. The fact sheet was developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which serves as the NEHRP lead agency, and reflects inputs from the other NEHRP agencies: the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2005-01-15
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Annual Report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program for Fiscal Year 2011
"This is the annual report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) for fiscal year (FY) 2011, 1 presented by the NEHRP Interagency Coordinating Committee (ICC). This report, required by Public Law 108--360, describes the 2011 activities of the NEHRP agencies, and their progress toward reducing the impacts of future earthquakes in the United States. The report also lists program budgets for FY 2012 and those proposed for FY 2013."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2012-09
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Annual Report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program for Fiscal Year 2009
"Public Law 108--360 requires that NEHRP [National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program] annual reports include, for each agency participating in the program and for each program 'activity' defined in the legislation, a program budget for the current fiscal year and a proposed program budget for the next fiscal year. […] The remaining activity, concerning the development, operation, and maintenance of NEHRP facilities, was incorporated directly into the plan."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2010-10
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Annual Report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program: To Accompany the President's Budget Request to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008, March 2007
"Earthquakes represent the largest single potential source for casualties and damage from a natural hazard in the United States. Although damaging earthquakes occur infrequently, they strike without warning, resulting in catastrophic consequences. 'When the Big One Strikes Again,' a regional scenario developed for last year's Quake '06 conference, projects that the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake, if it would occur today, would affect nearly 10 million residents within a 19 county area and would cost between $90 and $120 billion to repair or replace more than 90,000 damaged buildings and their contents. Depending upon when the earthquake occurs--day or night--building collapses would cause 800 to 3,400 deaths. Although earthquakes cannot be prevented, their impact on life and property can be managed to a large degree. The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), which is authorized by the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977, as amended, seeks to mitigate earthquake losses in the United States through both basic and directed research and implementation activities in the fields of earthquake science and engineering. […] This report to Congress describes the achievements of the NEHRP agencies and their partners in Fiscal Year (FY) 2005 and FY 2006 in mitigating earthquake losses nationwide."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
Marburger, John H. (John Harmen); Paulison, Robert David, 1947-; Jeffrey, William Alan, 1960-
2007-03
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Annual Report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program for Fiscal Year 2012
"This is the annual report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) for fiscal year (FY) 2012, presented by the NEHRP Interagency Coordinating Committee (ICC). This report, required by Public Law 108--360, describes the 2012 activities of the NEHRP agencies, and their progress toward reducing the impacts of future earthquakes in the United States. The report also lists program budgets for FY 2013 and those proposed for FY 2014."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2014-02
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Annual Report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program for Fiscal Year 2014
"This is the annual report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) covering fiscal year (FY) 2014, presented by the NEHRP Interagency Coordinating Committee. This report, required by Public Law 108-360, describes the FY 2014 activities of the NEHRP agencies and their progress toward reducing the impacts of future earthquakes in the United States. This report also summarizes actual program budgets for FY 2015 and budgets requested by the Administration for FY 2016. The four Federal agencies participating in NEHRP are the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). NIST serves as the NEHRP lead agency. The NEHRP agencies have distinct roles and responsibilities that are mutually supportive."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2016-03
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Annual Report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program for Fiscal Year 2015
"This is the annual report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) covering FY 2015, presented by the NEHRP Interagency Coordinating Committee. This report, required by Public Law 108-360, describes the FY 2015 activities of the NEHRP agencies and their progress toward reducing the impacts of future earthquakes in the United States. This report also summarizes actual program budgets for FY 2016 and budgets requested by the Administration for FY 2017. The four federal agencies participating in NEHRP are the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). NIST serves as the NEHRP lead agency. The NEHRP agencies have distinct roles and responsibilities that are mutually supportive."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2018-03
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Annual Report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program for Fiscal Year 2013
"This is the annual report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) for fiscal year (FY) 2013, presented by the NEHRP Interagency Coordinating Committee (ICC). This report, required by Public Law 108-360, describes the FY 2013 activities of the NEHRP agencies, and their progress toward reducing the impacts of future earthquakes in the United States. The report also lists actual program budgets for FY 2014 and budgets for FY 2015 proposed by the Administration. The four Federal agencies participating in NEHRP are the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). NIST serves as the NEHRP lead agency and the Director of NIST chairs the ICC. Within NEHRP, the participating agencies have distinct roles and responsibilities that are mutually dependent and supportive."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2015-01
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Annual Report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program for Fiscal Year 2008
"This document is the annual report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) for fiscal year (FY) 2008 presented by the NEHRP Interagency Coordinating Committee (ICC). This report, required by Public Law 108-360, describes the activities of the NEHRP agencies during the year and their progress toward reducing the impacts of future earthquakes in the United States. Additionally, this report gives program budgets for FY 2009 and those proposed for FY 2010. The NEHRP ICC is composed of the Directors of the four NEHRP agencies and the Directors of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy and Office of Management and Budget. The four NEHRP agencies are the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). NIST serves as the NEHRP lead agency and its Director chairs the ICC." The accomplishments reviewed in this report include: "NEHRP Strategic Plan for Fiscal Years 2009-2013"; "George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES)"; "International Codes"; and "Earthquake hazards of the Hayward Fault in California's East Bay region."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2009-08
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Annual Report of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program, March 2008
"The Interagency Coordinating Committee (ICC) of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) presents the NEHRP 2007 Annual Report. This has been an active and productive year for NEHRP with significant progress toward long-term goals and objectives for reducing losses from future earthquakes. As required by Public Law 108-360, this report describes these activities and progress, and gives program budgets for fiscal year (FY) 2008 and those proposed for FY 2009. The four NEHRP agencies are the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The ICC is composed of the Directors of the NEHRP agencies and the Directors of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy and Office of Management and Budget. NIST serves as the NEHRP lead agency and its Director chairs the ICC." The accomplishments of NEHRP in FY 2007 are: "NEHRP Leadership"; "NSF Research Centers"; "George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES)"; "Earthquake Safety in Building Design and Construction Standards and Codes"; "Earthquake Monitoring"; and "Assessing Seismic Hazards."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2008-04
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National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program [website]
The United States National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) mission "is to develop, disseminate, and promote knowledge, tools, and practices for earthquake risk reduction-through coordinated, multidisciplinary, interagency partnerships among the NEHRP agencies and their stakeholders-that improve the Nation's earthquake resilience in public safety, economic strength, and national security." The four NEHRP agencies are the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the United States Geological Survey (USGS).
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
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Strategic Plan for the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program: Fiscal Years 2009-2013
"This Strategic Plan for the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) for Fiscal Years 2009--2013 is submitted to Congress by the Interagency Coordinating Committee (ICC) of NEHRP, as required by the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (Public Law 95-124, 42 U.S.C. 7701 et. seq.), as amended by Public Law 108-360. The Plan outlines a cooperative program of earthquake monitoring, research, implementation, education, and outreach activities performed by the NEHRP agencies. [...] Accomplishing the NEHRP mission requires developing and applying knowledge based on research in the geological, engineering, and social sciences; educating leaders and the public; and assisting State, local, and private-sector leaders to develop standards, policies, and practices. The NEHRP agencies have established three overarching, long-term Strategic Goals: Improve understanding of earthquake processes and impacts; Develop cost-effective measures to reduce earthquake impacts on individuals, the built environment, and society at large; and improve the earthquake resilience of communities nationwide. [...] The Plan adds nine new cross-cutting Strategic Priorities that directly support the goals and augment other ongoing agency activities needed to satisfy them. The NEHRP agencies plan to emphasize these priorities during the Strategic Plan period. The priorities are: Fully implement the Advanced National Seismic System; Improve techniques for evaluating and rehabilitating existing buildings; Further develop Performance-Based Seismic Design; Increase consideration of socioeconomic issues related to hazard mitigation implementation; Develop a national post-earthquake information management system; Develop advanced earthquake risk mitigation technologies and practices; Develop guidelines for earthquake-resilient lifeline components and systems; Develop and conduct earthquake scenarios for effective earthquake risk reduction and response and recovery planning; Facilitate improved earthquake mitigation at State and local levels."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2008-10
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Effectiveness of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program: A Report from the Advisory Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction [June 2012]
"The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), first authorized in 1977, is embodied in Public Law 108--360. The program has grown to embrace an overarching vision of 'a nation that is earthquake-resilient in public safety, economic strength, and national security, and its mission to develop, disseminate, and promote knowledge, tools, and practices for earthquake risk reduction--through coordinated, multidisciplinary, interagency partnerships among the NEHRP agencies and their stakeholders--that improve the Nation's earthquake resilience in public safety, economic strength, and national security'. NEHRP is a highly successful program that for more than 30 years has uniquely contributed to improving earthquake awareness and preparedness in the United States and around the world. Through its four member agencies, it has significantly advanced our understanding of the earthquake process and related hazards and risks. This enhanced understanding has led to earthquake-safe design and construction techniques that when properly applied serve to secure communities against catastrophic failure. The earthquake community is beginning to understand how to best deal with seismic hazards and risks, and today, there is a growing understanding that we need to expand our goals from safety to resilience."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2012-06
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Seismic Waves: Can Wood Buildings Safely Grow Taller in Seismic Regions?
Seismic Waves is a newsletter published by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. "This past summer in rural Japan, the largest building ever seismically tested was subjected to the maximum credible earthquake for Los Angeles on the world's biggest shake table. This 'capstone' test of the tallest wood-frame building ever tested marked the culmination of the NEESWood research project. The project was launched in the fall of 2005 with ongoing support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) and NSF's George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES). Since then, NEESWood researchers have marshaled academic, industry, and international collaboration to successfully produce and validate a new design methodology that has major implications for wood-frame construction in seismic regions of the United States and around the world."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2009-10
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Seismic Waves: New Help for States Most at Risk
Seismic Waves is a newsletter published by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. "Through its participation in the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) plays a leading role in disseminating and implementing earthquake risk reduction knowledge and strategies cultivated by NEHRP and others. To carry out this work, the agency collaborates with many partners, none more important than state governments. This year FEMA reestablished a dedicated program designed to strengthen its partnerships with state earthquake programs. The Earthquake Hazards Reduction State Assistance Program is one part of FEMA's activities under the NEHRP Reauthorization Act of 2004, which directs the agency to support state efforts to mitigate seismic risks and thereby reduce future losses from earthquakes. FEMA will be providing program funds annually to states and U.S. territories that face serious earthquake hazards and that develop ways to effectively reduce risks posed by these hazards. Recipients can use program funds for a range of eligible activities, including 1. assessing needs for mitigation by delineating the seismic threats that are faced, their potential impacts on people and property, and the vulnerability of critical structures and lifelines; 2. developing plans for mitigating existing vulnerabilities; 3. updating building codes, zoning codes, and ordinances to enhance earthquake safety and resilience and to reduce the propagation of new vulnerabilities; and 4. strengthening public awareness of earthquake risks to promote support for and engagement in mitigation and preparedness efforts. Program funds are intended to supplement and leverage states' existing support for such activities."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2009-12
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Seismic Waves: Drilling Toward a New Level of Preparedness
Seismic Waves is a newsletter published by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. "Drills and response exercises are vital components of earthquake preparedness. Drills teach behavior that helps people protect themselves once the ground starts shaking, and in response exercises, trained personnel practice what to do when the shaking stops. Preparedness can be heightened when it is understood that preparation is the responsibility not just of trained responders but of everyone in earthquake-prone regions, and that it involves not only learning what to do when earthquakes strike, but also doing things before they strike to mitigate their effects on people and property. Depending on how they are designed and executed, drills and exercises can help cultivate such understanding."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2009-05
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Seismic Waves: Growing Earthquake-Resilient Americans
Seismic Waves is a newsletter published by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. "As relatively infrequent but potentially cataclysmic events, earthquakes can sow a sense of fatalism and resignation among those they threaten. This can be countered through education about how seismic risks are reduced. Primary and secondary schools are important venues for such instruction, not only because of the unique access that they afford to emerging citizens, but also because children are no less vulnerable than adults to earthquake hazards and because tomorrow's earthquake professionals must be cultivated among today's youth. The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) is facilitating seismic education in schools through the production of resources designed for teachers and children. These efforts are led by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the U.S. Geological Survey. This article highlights some of the earthquake- related materials that FEMA has developed for this important audience."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2010-02
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Seismic Waves: Safely Spreading the Benefits of Precast Construction
Seismic Waves is a newsletter published by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. "Should scientific research advance knowledge, commercial activity, or the public good? These objectives are sometimes viewed as competitors in a zero-sum game or as rivals for increasingly scarce societal resources. The Diaphragm Seismic Design Methodology (DSDM) Project is serving all of these objectives, however, and that is just one of several attributes that make this a remarkable research effort."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2009-07
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Seismic Waves: A Stitch in Time Can Save the Whole Business
Seismic Waves is a newsletter published by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. "Earthquakes and other disasters can be damaging to general business activity, but downright lethal to individual businesses. Surviving enterprises can emerge with a competitive advantage and help their communities recover. But which organizations are more likely to survive? Although smaller or less-well-established businesses are generally recognized to be at greater risk from disasters, firms of any size are more likely to survive when they take action to reduce the costs that such extreme events can inflict. While it can be tempting to trust in providence to spare people and property from the ravages of an earthquake, it should be noted that 'providence' comes from the Latin 'providentia,' meaning foresight, foreknowledge, or precaution. Helping businesses to foresee the potentially devastating consequences of earthquakes and take sensible precautions to avoid them is the purpose of the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) new business outreach program, QuakeSmart--Mitigation Works For Business."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2009-03
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Seismic Waves: New Findings to Keep Flate-Plate Frames from Flattening
Seismic Waves is a newsletter published by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. "Infrastructure, so often taken for granted, is attracting more attention these days. In such times, it is worth noting that infrastructure encompasses not just the many constructed resources that directly support our daily routines, but also the research facilities that make those resources safer and more efficient. Researchers from the University of Michigan and the University of Minnesota recently highlighted the value of such facilities. Taking advantage of the unique capabilities of the George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES), they developed important new findings that will help to make a popular building system safer and more efficient to use in earthquake-prone regions."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2009-01
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Seismic Waves: Funneling Seismic Design Knowledge to Those Who Can Apply It
Seismic Waves is a newsletter published by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. "The gap between engineering and scientific knowledge and its practical application (for design and construction of economical, earthquake-safe structures) has dramatically widened. his was the consensus reached in a 2002 gathering of national leaders from the fields of earthquake engineering design, practice, regulation, and construction. Brought together by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to assess the state of earthquake engineering knowledge and practice, these leaders affirmed the significant expansion of earth science and engineering knowledge that the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) had helped bring about. They concluded, however, that the potential benefits of this knowledge were not being fully realized. With support from NIST and the Applied Technology Council (ATC), a nonprofit corporation working to advance engineering applications for risk mitigation (www.atcouncil.org), the leaders formulated a broad plan of action through which NEHRP could strengthen 'the informational link between theory, research results, and practice.' One of the important ideas from this influential plan that NEHRP has subsequently embraced is that of technical brief (TechBrief) publications."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2010-03
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Seismic Waves: Forecasting What's Coming Up from Down Below
Seismic Waves is a newsletter published by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. "California has a greater than 99 percent probability of experiencing one or more highly damaging magnitude-6.7-or-larger earthquakes during the next 30 years. The two faults most likely to generate a major earthquake during that period are the southern segment of the San Andreas Fault and the San Francisco Bay Area's Hayward Fault. These are among the findings of the first-ever statewide earthquake rupture forecast developed for California. A team of federal, state, and university scientists and engineers named the Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities (WGCEP) issued this forecast in April 2008, building upon earlier forecasts generated for selected areas of the state. The group incorporated the latest data, methods, and expert opinion to develop a state-of-the-art forecasting methodology and an unprecedented set of earthquake probabilities that are advancing earthquake safety in several important ways."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2009-08
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Seismic Waves: The Mid-America Earthquake Center: Managing Seismic Risks from Source to Society
Seismic Waves is a newsletter published by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. "Seismic hazards present unusual challenges in the central United States. Major earthquakes in this area occur at time intervals longer than those in California, but impact much larger areas that are much less prepared. Despite facing similar risks from such earthquakes, midwesterners are generally less aware of them than are Californians since the smaller earthquakes that serve as reminders of seismic hazards are less frequent in the Midwest. These challenges prompted the National Science Foundation (NSF) to establish the Mid-America Earthquake (MAE) Center in 1997, and to support the Center through its first decade in operation under grant award EEC-9701785. The Center is a consortium of nine core institutions headquartered at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC). The MAE Center has developed an approach called Consequence- based Risk Management (CRM), for managing the risks posed by earthquake hazards in the central and eastern United States. It has also led the development of a comprehensive new software system, MAEviz, that employs the CRM approach. The Center has conducted targeted research that has generated the fundamental knowledge and enabling technologies needed to develop CRM and MAEviz. And it has tested CRM and MAEviz in real-world applications both in the United States and overseas."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2008-09
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Seismic Waves: Getting the Word Out to Save Lives and Property
Seismic Waves is a newsletter published by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. "Through its participation in the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) promotes the dissemination and use of the latest advances in earthquake hazard mitigation and risk reduction. These advances are brought about through basic and applied research and through consensus-building efforts undertaken or supported by the NEHRP agencies and their many partners in the public and private sectors. The FEMA-NEHRP publications program is a key element of FEMA's dissemination and implementation activities. Over the past 30 years, this program has produced and distributed, in cooperation with a number of publishing partners, more than 170 authoritative publications aimed at reducing earthquake casualties and losses in the United States."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2008-10
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Seismic Waves: MCEER Research: Enabling Disaster-Resilient Communities
Seismic Waves is a newsletter published by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. "This is the last in an intermittent series of articles about the earthquake engineering research centers funded over the past decade by the National Science Foundation. These centers have 'graduated' from the Foundation's engineering research centers program and are transitioning into the next chapters of their organizational lives. The articles briefly review their accomplishments and future plans. Although resilience cannot stop all disasters from occurring, it can have a major impact on their severity. Earthquakes and other natural and manmade hazards repeatedly test the resilience of our physical, social, and economic systems, often with little or no warning. MCEER (The Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research) is enabling communities at risk to improve their resilience and better withstand these unwelcome tests. Headquartered at the University at Buffalo, State University of New York, MCEER is a consortium of researchers from many disciplines working at the Center's 16 member institutions. From 1997 through 2007, the National Science Foundation (NSF) provided substantial support for MCEER under grant award EEC-9701471, enabling the Center to develop the distinctive research competencies that it offers to NSF and other clients today."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2008-11
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Seismic Waves: The 1868 Hayward Earthquake Alliance
Seismic Waves is a newsletter published by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. "Although social scientists are still studying how to communicate risk effectively, they have offered some guidance: Repetition of a consistent message is needed to achieve audience penetration. How carefully audience members consider the message 'can affect what they remember . . . and their intent to comply with the message,' and careful consideration is more likely when the message is personally relevant to the recipient.1 Facing an unprecedented level of seismic risk in California's San Francisco Bay Area, the 1868 Hayward Earthquake Alliance has carried out an effective risk-communication campaign much in keeping with such guidance. The Alliance, a Bay Area-wide coalition of 140 public- and private-sector organizations led by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), has used an array of channels to disseminate a consistent message about the urgent importance of earthquake preparedness, and has developed innovative tools to make this message resonate with the local populace."
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2008-12
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Seismic Waves: How Many People Were Impacted? and How Severely?
Seismic Waves is a newsletter published by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. "Magnitude is popularly used as a shorthand measure of earthquake size and severity. Usually, though, when people assess 'how bad' a quake was, they consider not only the size of the earthquake and how hard the ground shook, but also its effects on people and the built environment. Magnitude alone is not a reliable indicator of such impacts. In 2002, a magnitude 7.9 earthquake struck a sparsely populated region in the southern interior of Alaska, causing no deaths and little damage to structures.1 The magnitude 7.9 quake that struck China's densely populated Sichuan province in May 2008, however, killed more than 69,000 people. As these examples illustrate, the impact of an earthquake depends on how many people are exposed to it. Also important is how well protected these people are from the quake. Have most of the buildings where they live and work been built to resist earthquake damage, or are many of them relatively vulnerable to ground shaking?"
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (U.S.)
2008-07
