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Public Switched Network Security Assessment Guidelines
The Public Switched Network (PSN) of the United States has undergone significant changes over the past decade as a result of new technologies, regulatory changes, and network consolidation. With the rash of new entrants, security measures applied to the infrastructure are more diverse and varied with respect to the technologies in use and the pervasiveness of their application.
As a companion to that primer, this assessment guide offers guidelines and methodologies for conducting a security assessment for service providers. This guide describes a risk assessment procedure to identify high-value, high-risk components of a service provider's network and information assets. The descriptions have been designed to drive a comprehensive review of these important pieces of a service provider's security program. The OMNCS and Telcordia Technologies created this publication in an effort to provide practical security measures for the protection of communications networks, which are one
of the Critical Infrastructures upon which the United States is dependent for its national security, as identified in Presidential Decision Directive 63 (PDD 63).
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
2002-09
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Fiscal Year 2002 National Communications System
"This document, prepared by the Office of the Manager, National Communications System (NCS), reports on national security and emergency preparedness (NS/EP) activities and telecommunications events, and highlights the agency's innovations, programs, and achievements during fiscal year 2002."
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
2003
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Virtual Private Networks and Their Use in Support of National Security and Emergency Preparedness (NS/EP)
This report examines potential use of VPNs to provide NS/EP capabilities for the NCS and its member agencies. This technical information bulletin presents an overview of an effort which is contributing to the development of compatible Federal and national standards in the area of NS/EP.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
2002-03
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Network Planning for 21st Century Intelligent Systems and Smart Structures: Advanced Concepts in Telecommunications for National Security and Emergency Preparedness (NS/EP)
The purpose of this report is to assess the state-of-the-art and state-of-the-practice in these technologies and in intelligent software agents related to these concepts. Further, the ability of the telecommunications infrastructure to support agent-based monitoring, detection, planning, cooperation, and decision-making in support of National Security and Emergency Preparedness (NS/EP) situations was also investigated.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
2002-02
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Selected ATM/Internet Protocol (IP) Technical Interface Considerations
Connection-oriented and connectionless transport modes are the two fundamental types of service used to support the flow of information in today's communications networks. Each of the two transport modes is designed to support specific applications and meet specific quality of service (QoS) requirements. However, because of its capability to support high data rates, provide gains in bandwidth use efficiency, and accommodate a broad range of traffic from diverse sources, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)-a connection-oriented transport mode-is gaining broad acceptance as the preferred transport mode for both connection-oriented and connectionless communications services across multiple public networks. This report provides: (1) a general overview of salient features of connection-oriented ATM architectures and of the Internet Protocol (IP) used to support the connectionless transfer of data; and (2) selected technical interface considerations with potential impact on the transfer of IP data over ATM virtual connections.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
1998-01
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Bluetooth Area Network Technology
The National Telecommunications Act opened new public access to the ultra high frequency (UHF) and very high frequency (VHF) bands. As a direct consequence, wireless local area networking is becoming the communications standard for small and mobile corporations. Hybrid networks composed of fixed and wireless assets appear to be the next step. An important aspect of these new wireless networks is the integration of household (and business office) appliances, laptop computers, and personal communications service (PCS) devices. The facile connectivity promised but unrealized by infrared (IR) technology may now be available via embedded omni-directional transceivers based on breakthrough radio technology chips. This technology, called Bluetooth, seamlessly connects each intelligent appliance in a household or an office in a piconet wireless network. Bluetooth is an embedded, low-power, short-range, radio-frequency (RF) technology. Also, this mobile network technology is IR media-based with moderate bandwidth. It will be a network-ready unit that meets the radio link, protocol, profile, and information requirements in the emerging standards.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
Karty, Steven L.
2000-07
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Channel Reservations vs. PACA Queuing: A Comparison of Priority Call Handling Techniques
Recently, the Technology and Standards Division of the National Communications System (NCS) completed a study that compares channel reservation and priority access channel allocation (PACA) queuing. The study simulated these priority
call handling techniques under stress to observe how the techniques would handle
periods of extreme congestion. The results of this study are clear: the PACA queuing technique consistently handles network stress most efficiently, providing the best completion rates to national security/emergency preparedness
(NS/EP) callers. This Technical Note explores how channel reservation and PACA queuing treat priority calls, analyzes the simulation's results and presents
implications of this study to NS/EP users.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
Young, Ray
1999-01
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NS/EP Implications of GPS Timing
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based positioning and navigation system that is funded and operated by the United States Department of Defense. Although originally developed for use by the U.S. military, GPS now supports thousands of civilian users worldwide and is employed in a wide range of applications. This technical note focuses on the use of GPS for telecommunications network timing and synchronization. The following sections describe the GPS system, how GPS calculates and transmits its timing signals, and how GPS timing is used in networks. Lastly, potential National Security/Emergency Preparedness (NS/EP) implications are discussed.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
Brutt, LeeAnne
1999-08
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Standards for Protection of Telecommunications Links
Public and Government attention has been focused not only on better methods of understanding stresses on public telecommunications networks, but also on protecting against these stresses. The development of new standards provides one method of understanding the issues of telecommunications stress. Likewise, these standards provide guidelines and data for building specifications to protect public telecommunications networks from stress threats.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
Bain, Greg
1999-08
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National Security and Emergency Preparedness Telecom News 2000, Issue 1
NS/EP Telecom News is published quarterly under the auspices of Ms. Diann
McCoy, Deputy Manager, National Communications System (NCS), to provide
readers with analytical reports on issues relating to NS/EP telecommunications. This edition includes the following articles: Y2K Bug Doesn't Infect
NS/EP Telecommunications; What Happened to Y2K? Koskinen Speaks Out; When is a New Year Not a Millennium?; Early Training Helped Y2K Preparation Effort; Y2K Investments Were Sound, Industry Spokesmen Say Warnings, Remediation Believed Necessary; Washington Officials List Lessons from Y2K Experience; McConnell Says Localized Y2K Glitches May Continue to Emerge; Y2K: Looking Ahead, Looking Back; and Y2K Made Public Better Prepared for Disasters.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
2000
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National Security and Emergency Preparedness Telecom News 2001, Issue 1
NS/EP Telecom News is published quarterly under the auspices of Mr. Brenton Greene, Deputy Manager, National Communications System (NCS), to provide readers with analytical reports on issues relating to NS/EP telecommunications. This edition includes the following articles: NSTAC Chairman Addresses, Praises Industry Executive Subcommittee; Burnham, Ruhl Swear In as NSTAC Principals; Ultra-Wideband Technology Could Improve Wireless Communications; NSTAC Holds Fourth R&D Exchange at University of Tulsa; TSP Program Provides Priority Telecommunications for National Security and Emergency Preparedness Missions; NIST Seeks Final Comments on Advanced Encryption Standard; FBI, NIPC Introduce National InfraGard Program; High-Tech Industry Announces New Information Sharing and Analysis Center for Information Security; Ruhl Receives NSTAC Certificate; President Names Michael Powell as FCC Chairman; and FCC Adopts Interoperability Standard to Ensure Effective Public Safety Communications Between Different Agencies.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
2001
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National Security and Emergency Preparedness Telecom News 1999, Issue 3
NS/EP Telecom News is published quarterly under the auspices of Ms. Diann
McCoy, Deputy Manager, National Communications System (NCS), to provide
readers with analytical reports on issues relating to NS/EP telecommunications. This edition includes the following articles:Manager Says Information Assurance is Key to Warfighter; DOD Business Enterprise Success; Emergency Responders Battle Hurricane Floyd Along U.S. East Coast; Hamre Provides NSTAC DOD Perspectives on Y2K, Technology Challenges; IES Recaps Accomplishments during NSTAC XXII Meeting; Cohen Listens, Answers Questions on NSTAC Concerns; President Names AT&T's Armstrong as an NSTAC Member; President Renews NSTAC Through 2001; ITAA Awarded Funding for Cybercitizen Partnership; Y2K Officials Say Canada, United States, Mexico are in Good Position Approaching 2000; DOD Conducts Largest Y2K Test Ever; and President Signs Executive Order Creating National Infrastructure Assurance Council.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
1999
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National Security and Emergency Preparedness Telecom News 1999, Issue 2
NS/EP Telecom News is published quarterly under the auspices of Ms. Diane Fountaine, Deputy Manager, National Communications System (NCS), to provide
readers with analytical reports on issues relating to NS/EP telecommunications. This edition includes the following articles: NS/EP Implications of GPS Timing; Basic Internet Structures Expected to be Y2K Ready; Intelligence on the Edge; Hamre "Cuts" JTF-CND Operations Center Ribbon, Thanks Cyberwarriors; President Clinton Names Richard Brown to the President's National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee; OMNCS Reaches for the Stars! Memorandum Establishes Collaborative Effort with Mobile Service Provider ICO; U.S. Telecommunications Industry on Track to Achieve Year 2000 Readiness; and Gov. Ridge Leads Regional Agreement for Cooperative Information Sharing on Year 2000 Challenge.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
1999
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National Security and Emergency Preparedness Telecom News 2002, Issue 1
NS/EP Telecom News is published quarterly under the auspices of Mr. Brenton Greene, Deputy Manager, National Communications System (NCS), to provide readers with analytical reports on issues relating to NS/EP telecommunications. This edition includes the following articles: NSTAC Chair Recaps Committee's Recent Accomplishments At March Meeting; Powell asks NSTAC to Keep Nation Inside the Information Loop; President Creates Homeland Security Advisory System; Eberhart Tabbed to Head United States Northern Command; NCS IMAs Support 2002 Winter Olympics; Five Individuals Named to the NS/EPC; Executive Order Establishes the President's Homeland Security Council and Senior Advisory Committees for Homeland Security; New Congressional Joint Economic Committee Compendium Examines Cyberterrorist Threat; and Seven Corporate Leaders Take Oath to Become Members of NSTAC.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
2002
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National Security and Emergency Preparedness Telecom News 1999, Issue 1
NS/EP Telecom News is published quarterly under the auspices of Ms. Diane Fountaine, Deputy Manager, National Communications System (NCS), to provide
readers with analytical reports on issues relating to NS/EP telecommunications. This edition includes the following articles: NCC Monitors Plains Tornado
Telecommunications Assistance; John A. Koskinen: Attempting to Ensure the Y2K is Last Headache of the 20th Century; President Clinton Names Five Members to the Nationial Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee (NSTAC); FEMA Director Witt Announces New Project Impact Communities; Joint Task Force on Computer Network Defense Now Operational; Deputy Commerce Secretaty Announces Consortium of Private Sector Coordinators for Critical Infrastructure Protection of the Communications and Information Sector; PSN Security Primer Now Available; Justice Department, ITAA Annouce Cybercitizen Partnership; 1999 is 'Year of Testing' Y2K Solutions, Hamre Says; and DSS Expansion Broadens Federal IT Security Choices.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
1999
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Characterization of Above-Baseline Physical Threats to Telecommunications Links
This report provides a characterization of above baseline physical threats to telecommunication links of public telecommunication networks (PTNs). These above baseline physical threats may lead to stresses that can affect the telecommunication links but which are not ordinarily protected against by telecommunications providers. The report will provide information for providers and users of telecommunications links to help in developing, where required, measures against above baseline physical threats. The above baseline physical stresses characterized in this report include the following: vibration; liquid penetration in optical fiber cables; radiation; temperature; wind and ice; construction threats; corrosion of above-ground links; corrosion of below-ground links; lightning and exposure to ac power; and telecommunications power.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
1997-11
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E-mail Over High Frequency (HF) Radio: Filling the Communications Gap During Unexpected Telephone Outages
High frequency radio can provide a communications path to the Internet for sending and receiving E-mail messages in times of telephone network failures. With a laptop computer, and HF radio data modem, and an HF radio transceiver with Automatic Link Establishment (ALE), even an operator who has no radio knowledge or experience can send and receive E-mail messages. A major drawback to using HF E-mail systems is that most systems are proprietary and not interoperable with any others. This document compares the advantages and disadvantages of different HF E-mail systems including: Clover II, Clover 2000, STANAG 5066, STANAG 4285, MIL-STD-188-110B, and MIL-STD-188-110A, as well as sytems still in development.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
Karty, Steven L.
2000-11
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Adopting the Defense Message System (DMS: A Guidebook
This paper is a high-level guide to inform National Communications System (NCS) member agencies that will be implementing the current version of the Defense Message System (DMS). Normally, DMS is implemented by transitioning from the Automatic Digital Network (AUTODIN) or via an upgrade from an earlier version of DMS. Organizations need to determine whether they will be adopting or upgrading DMS. If an agency is required to do so, then this paper will assist in the process of adopting or upgrading DMS. The first section of the guide presents a brief background on AUTODIN and DMS, including a summary of the status of DMS implementation and a description of how DMS messages are transmitted. The second section covers key steps and recommendations for implementing DMS. The guide also offers several appendixes, including a detailed step-by-step plan for transitioning from AUTODIN to DMS, a guide for upgrading from earlier versions of DMS, and a tutorial on DMS security services.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
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National Security and Emergency Preparedness Telecom News 2000, Issue 3
NS/EP Telecom News is published quarterly under the auspices of Ms. Diann
McCoy, Deputy Manager, National Communications System (NCS), to provide
readers with analytical reports on issues relating to NS/EP telecommunications. This edition includes the following articles: Raytheon's Burnham is
New NSTAC Chairman; Internet Security Requires Collaboration; Six Others Named to NSTAC, Sugar Departs for Litton Position; CSC's Honeycutt Thanked for Service as NSTAC Chair; National Communications System Assigned to Administer Priority Access Service; FCC Takes Steps to Implement the Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act of 1999; Hogan, Miller to Serve on NCS Committee of Principals; OMNCS Network Design and Analysis Capability; DBS Could Provide Nationwide Coverage for NS/EP Issues; Digital Subscriber Line Technology; and Commerce Department Announces Winner of Global Information Security Competition.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
2000
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Wireless IP - Internet Without Wires
This Technical Note explores wireless IP from its roots in the Mobile IP standard, defines the emerging architecture, and projects wireless IP's impact on National Security and Emergency Preparedness communications.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
Young, Ray
2000-08
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Differentiated Services--One Solution for Priority Over the Internet
The Internet is becoming increasingly important for national security and emergency preparedness (NS/EP) communications as the circuit-switched telecommunication infrastructure is integrated with emerging Internet Protocol (IP) based networks. It is now more likely that mission-critical communications could be delayed as a result of congested IP networks. One solution in development that could help NS/EP communications traverse congested IP networks is Differentiated Services (DS). This technical note explores DS and projects how this suite of protocols could be used to ensure NS/EP communications reach their destination.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
Young, Ray
2000-04
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Electronic Intrusion Threat to National Security and Emergency Preparedness (NS/EP) Internet Communications: An Awareness Document
The threat posed by electronic intrusion and its impact upon national security and emergency preparedness is discussed vis-à-vis government communications over the internet. From the text: "The threat posed by electronic intrusion grows concurrently with the increased use of electronic media, widespread availability of intrusion tools on the Internet, and the increased use of the Internet and IT applications by adversarial actors such as foreign agencies, terrorist and radical organizations, criminals and criminal organizations, and hackers. An additional threat actor is the insider. The aforementioned threat actors continue to become more sophisticated and security breaches show no sign of ebbing. According to a study published in March 2000 by the Computer Security Institute (CSI), 90 percent of the respondents reported security breaches in the last 12 months. These respondents were primarily large corporations and government agencies. The respondents who were willing to provide financial data reported an aggregate annual loss of $265,589,540. No governing body has the authority to enforce security policy on the Internet. Security on the Internet must be addressed and precautions taken if NS/EP operations are to be conducted safely on the Internet."
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
2000-12
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National Security and Emergency Preparedness Telecom News 2003, Issue 1
NS/EP Telecom News is published quarterly under the auspices of Mr. Brenton Greene, Deputy Manager, National Communications System (NCS), to provide readers
with analytical reports on issues relating to NS/EP telecommunications. This edition includes the following articles: NCS Transfers to Homeland Security Department; President Bush Welcomes Agencies to Homeland Security Department; Ridge Confirmed as First Secretary of Homeland Security; Lieutenant General Winston D. Powers, Former NCS Manager, Dies; NCS Deploys Initial Wireless Priority Capability; New Members Named to NCS Council of Representatives; NCS, Canadian Representatives Tackle SNMP Issue; Science and technology Key to Administration's Comments; Incompatible Information Systems Pose a Homeland Security Challenge, White House Info Czar Says; NS/EPC Addresses Critical Infrastructure Issues; NIST Offers a Non-Traditional UWB Antenna Measurement Approach; and FCC Chairman and Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information Meet to Plan and Coordinate Spectrum Policy.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
2003
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Technical Information Bulletin 99-2: Relationships of Popular Transmission Characteristics to Perceived Quality for Digital Video Over ATM
Managing video quality and its delivery, especially during NS/EP events, requires a coordinated effort between network design, video codec design, and network operating practice. Four sets of standards impact the ability of ATM networks to deliver quality video and provide for NS/EP preferences: MPEG-2 video communication standards, ITU-T transport protocol standards, ATM standards, and network carrier standard operating practices. There is a need for an overarching standard or set of standards that define the relationship between MPEG-2 traffic generation, traffic transport, and ATM switching. Creation of this overarching standard would highlight deficiencies within the underlying standards, i.e., MPEG-2, ITU-T, and ATM, thereby leading to their eventual enhancement. In so doing, traffic management for commercial and NS/EP-related traffic would improve with an overall benefit to video quality. Finally, there will be a need for network quality standards and standard network operating procedures within the network operators. The number of switches and the quality of the bearer channels have significant impact upon video quality. Therefore, network organization has significant implications to congestion management. Network quality standards would define the expected behavior of these networks. Quality standards would lead to uniform network design and operating practice in much the same way as AT&T's "Notes on Direct Distance Dialing" and Bell Telephone's technical publications defined high-quality practices within the telephone network years ago.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
Ragsdale, Gary L.; Lynch, Gerard P.
1999-01
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Technical Information Bulletin 99-5: ITU-T GII Standardization Initiative
This Technical Information Bulletin was prepared by ARTEL, Inc. for the National
Communications System (NCS), Technology and Standards Division, under contract DCA100-97-C-0069. The purpose of this Bulletin is twofold: First to describe a major initiative on the part of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) to facilitate the development of a global information infrastructure (GII). In this regard, the Figures contained in Section 2 have been extracted from the relevant ITU documentation with permission from the Deputy Director, ITU
Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB). The second purpose of this Bulletin is to provide an independent assessment of the significance of
the GII Program Initiative for achieving national security and emergency preparedness standardization objectives. It will be pointed out that the basic framework concepts that have been developed under the ITU program initiative, and published in the "Y-series" of ITU-T Recommendations, provide the essential core foundation upon which all future developmental
efforts will depend.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
1999-06
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Photonic Network Architecture: Next Generation Internet Applications
National Communications System Technical Information Bulletin 01-2, Photonic Network Architecture: Next Generation Internet applications. This document was prepared under contract to the Office of the Manager National Communications System. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), and many other organizations are working on standards for everything from submarine cable systems to optical signal routing.
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
2001-07
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FY 1999 National Communications System
"The Office of the Manager, National Communications System (OMNCS), in coordination with the National Communications System (NCS) Committee of Principals (COP), publishes the FY99 National Communications System Report. This report highlights significant national security and emergency preparedness (NS/EP) telecommunications events and major NCS initiatives, activities, and accomplishments during fiscal year 1999 (FY 1999)."
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
2000
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Fiscal Year 1998 National Communications System
"The FY 1998 National Communications System, developed by the Office of the Manager, National Communications System (OMNCS) in coordination with the National Communications System's (NCS) Committee of Principals (COP), highlights significant telecommunications events, activities, and accomplishments during fiscal year (FY)1998. This report also reviews the national security and emergency preparedness (NS/EP) telecommunications posture of the Nation; significant internal and external factors affecting the NCS; and major NCS interagency plans, programs, and initiatives."
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
1999
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FY97 National Communications System
"The FY97 National Communications System, developed by the Office of the Manager, National Communications System (OMNCS) in coordination with the National Communications System (NCS) Committee of Principals (COP), highlights significant telecommunications events, activities, and accomplishments during fiscal year 1997 (FY97). This report also reviews the national security and emergency preparedness (NS/EP) telecommunications posture of the Nation; significant internal and external factors affecting the NCS; and major NCS interagency plans, programs, and initiatives."
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
1999
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Fiscal Year 2007 Report: National Communications System
"This report, prepared by the Office of the Manager, National Communications System (OMNCS), describes national security and emergency preparedness (NS/EP) activities and telecommunications events, and highlights the agency's innovations, programs, and achievements during fiscal year (FY) 2007."
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
2008
