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Information as Power: An Anthology of Selected United States Army War College Student Papers [Volume 6]
This Information in Warfare Working Group (I2WG) anthology presents selected student work from the U.S. Army War College (USAWC) Academic Year 2011. It includes examples of well-written and in-depth analyses on the vital subject of Information as Power. Section 1, "Information Effects in the Cyberspace Domain," includes the following: "Introduction," "Securing Cyberspace: Approaches to Developing an Effective Cybersecurity Strategy," "A Strategic Approach to Network Defense: Framing the Cloud," and "Crime or War: Cyberspace Law and its Implications for Intelligence." Section 2, "Information Effects in the Cognitive Dimension," includes the following: "Introduction," " Can't Count it, Can't Change it: Assessing Influence Operations Effectiveness ," and "Strategic Communication: The Meaning is in the People ." Section 3, "Information Sharing," includes the following: includes the following: "Introduction," "DOD Information Sharing with Domestic Emergency Partners for Defense Support of Civil Authorities Missions ," and "Coalition Mission Command: Balancing Information Security and Sharing Requirements."
Army War College (U.S.). Information in Warfare Group
Murphy, Dennis M.; Leitzel, Benjamin; Groh, Jeffrey L.
2012-05
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Talking the Talk: Why Warfighters Don't Understand Information Operations
"The value of information as a military enabler has always been a factor in warfare. But the rapid evolution of the information environment has caused information to rise in importance to where it is effectively used by adversaries as an asymmetric weapon of choice. The improvised explosive device may be a tactical kinetic weapon, but it is, more importantly, a strategic information weapon when the detonator is paired with a videographer. In an attempt to both counter this information-savvy enemy, as well as exploit that same environment to achieve military objectives, the United States military has struggled to establish definitions and doctrine concurrent with applying those nascent concepts in combat. The result is a developmental process that has muddied the waters outside the very narrow subset of military service members and academicians who claim some form of 'information' as their primary specialty; ironic, given the communications and marketing expertise espoused by some of those very same practitioners. A review of current military and U.S. government information-related lexicon and definitions points out a very obvious flaw: this stuff is confusing…and in some cases, self-defeating. It's time for a doctrinal pause to allow a clean slate review of information operations, strategic communication and, yes, cyberspace operations. Such a review may find that simpler is better."
Army War College (U.S.). Center for Strategic Leadership
Murphy, Dennis M.
2009-05
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Fighting Back: New Media and Military Operations
"These enabling technological capabilities have popularly been tagged 'new media.' Broadly, new media has been described as 'that combustible mix of 24/7 cable news, call-in radio and television programs, Internet bloggers and online websites, cell phones and iPods.'4 But, of course this menu limits the definition to present day capabilities and is quickly outdated given current and expected future technological advances. New media in this context quickly becomes 'old' media, especially in light of projected asymptotic increases in speed and capacity. So, a more timeless definition should consider new media as any capability that empowers a broad range of actors (individuals through nation-states) to create and disseminate near-real time or real time information with the ability to affect a broad (regional or worldwide) audience. If the United States military hopes to fight and win in a future information environment dominated by new media it must fully understand both the opportunities and challenges of that environment. This includes the ability to exploit new media to achieve military objectives and defeat an adversary's skilled use of it within real and perceived bureaucratic and legal constraints. A review of these capabilities and their use reveals a requirement for a significant cultural shift within the military, while recognizing that current planning processes remain valid. It also points to the importance of competing on the information battlespace, not only in counterinsurgency operations, but across the spectrum of conflict."
Army War College (U.S.). Center for Strategic Leadership
Murphy, Dennis M.
2008-11
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Strategic Communication in Domestic Disasters: The Military and the Media in an Intergovernmental Environment (CSL Issue Paper, August 2006, Volume 08-06)
"The United States Army War College's Center for Strategic Leadership, in conjunction with the National Guard Bureau and the United States Army Reserve, conducted a symposium from 11-12 July 2006 entitled Improving the Military's Domestic Crisis Response -- Leveraging the Reserves. Building on insights discovered through After Action Reviews of the military's response to Hurricane Katrina, the forum examined areas critical to any future domestic response and identified and leveraged specifically applicable capabilities available throughout those components essential to domestic response. The event took place at the U.S. Army War College's Center for Strategic Leadership, Carlisle Barracks Pennsylvania. The symposium brought together leaders from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) including the U.S. Coast Guard and the Federal Emergency Management Administration (FEMA), the Department of Defense (DOD), United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM), the military service's active and reserve components, and other homeland security stakeholders from both the public and civil sectors. The format of the symposium provided both plenary panel reports and breakout work groups that focused on specific strategic issues regarding Defense Support to Civil Authorities (DSCA). One of those breakout groups specifically considered recommendations to best enable the military to more effectively and efficiently perform its mission in response to an Incident of National Significance (INS) as part of the national response and recovery efforts, and instill public confidence through Strategic Communication. This report reflects the consensus effort of that breakout group in addressing this challenging and important issue."
Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute
Kerr, Carol; Murphy, Dennis M.
2006-08
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Information Operations and Winning the Peace: Wielding the Information Element of Power in the Global War on Terrorism (CSL Issue Paper. December 2005, Volume 14-05)
This issue paper summarizes a U.S. Army War College workshop addressing the effects of information operations (IO) on counterinsurgencies (COIN) in the Global War on Terror (GWOT). "The workshop's objective was to define and analyze how IO influences both adversaries and internal and external actors in order to better contribute to a positive end state. Participants used the case study [of the second Israeli / Palestinian intifada] to drive critical discussions of the interplay between the tactical, operational, and strategic dimensions of IO in a complex conflict / stability and reconstruction environment." Plenary sessions focused on "tactical (Israeli Defense Forces incursion into Jenin), operational (Israel's Operation Defensive Shield), and strategic (Israeli withdrawal from Gaza) scenarios." Breakout groups then delved into four topical areas: tactical means / strategic ends, boundaries between military and political responsibility, definitions and categories of enemies who "provide goods and services to the general population whom you wish to influence," and operating environment and wild cards. The workshop included a discussion on the definition of "counterinsurgency" and "information operations." The document also provides recommendations for counterinsurgency planning that take into account cultural awareness.
Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute
Murphy, Dennis M.
2005-12
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Network Enabled Operations in Operation Iraqi Freedom: Initial Impressions
"The first Gulf War was conducted with legacy systems straddling the industrial and emergent information age. The major combat operations phase of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), on the other hand, put into practice information age constructs and theory for the first time in warfare and was an unprecedented success in its speed and lethality. The impact of that network enabled campaign (often referred to as Network Centric Warfare) is the topic of a study conducted by the Center for Strategic Leadership, U.S. Army War College and commissioned by the Office of Force Transformation, U.S. Department of Defense. The study will be completed by the fall of 2005, but first drafts of the study hint at valuable operational and strategic insights."
Army War College (U.S.). Center for Strategic Leadership
Murphy, Dennis M.
2005-03
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Day After: The Army in a Post-Conflict Iraq
"The world's geostrategic environment, dramatically influenced by terrorism, continues to undergo change marked by a wide array of economic, technical, societal, religious, cultural, and physical challenges. Nowhere is this more apparent than in recent calls by the United States for regime change in Iraq. And assuming a regime change does occur, forced by ground combat in a "coalition of the willing" led by the U.S., the most challenging and important phase of the operation may not be the actual combat, but the post-conflict requirements that follow. Determining the role of the Army "the day after" and beyond in Iraq is critical to understanding the ability of the United States to continue the Global War on Terror while preparing for other unforeseen future contingencies. This issue paper summarizes the results of several post-conflict requirements symposia sponsored by the U.S. Army War College's Center for Strategic Leadership over a period of three years and considers these results in light of the Army's Title 10 responsibilities in post-conflict Iraq. In particular, it provides an outline of the general resource requirements for the major subordinate commands (MACOMs) of the Army who are responsible for planning and executing these responsibilities. Additionally, it considers the impact of other ongoing operations and plausible future operations that may drive risk management decisions by the MACOMs as they plan and execute tasks required by the strategic environment in Iraq and the region."
Army War College (U.S.). Center for Strategic Leadership
Hesse, Bob; Turner, Curtis; Murphy, Dennis M.
2002-12
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Business and Security in a Wired World
Strategic Leadership (CSL) conducted a "Business Security in a Wired World" seminar in Rye, New York on 24-25 April 2002. Participants in the event included business executives representing critical infrastructure segments, government participants, and executives of two industry associations. The College's objective in the session was to obtain a better understanding of private sector concerns for information assurance and homeland security. Following the panels, CSL facilitators led a "crisis exercise" which examined key aspects of policy implementation, information sharing, stakeholder expectations, incident response and recovery, and organizational culture.
Army War College (U.S.). Center for Strategic Leadership
Murphy, Dennis M.
2002-07
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Role of Information and Communication in Disaster Response: An Overview
This report is part of chapter five of five chapters in the series: Threats at Our Threshold: Homeland Defense and Homeland Security in the New Century: A Compilation of the Proceedings of the First Annual Homeland Defense and Homeland Security Conference. The following is taken from the introduction of the report: "Only recently has emphasis (at least in words if not deeds) on the information element of power surfaced as a key contributor to strategic success. In fact the United States is just getting around to coming up with an acceptable term to describe the way the nation wields information as power: Strategic Communication. The government is still arguing about the pure definition of this term, but, in order to establish a baseline, consider the definition from the Department of Defense's Quadrennial Defense Review. Strategic Communication is defined as: Focused United States Government (USG) processes and efforts to understand and engage key audiences in order to create, strengthen, or preserve conditions favorable to advance national interests and objectives through the use of coordinated information, themes, plans, programs, and actions synchronized with other elements of national power. In its simplest form, strategic communication in disasters and catastrophes serves several purposes: first, prior to the event, it can serve to manage the expectations of the public regarding the capabilities and potential assistance provided at all levels of government; second it provides public information prior to and during the event to facilitate the safety and security of U.S. citizens; and finally, it can, if proactively and effectively used in conjunction with visible ongoing relief efforts, serve to increase the credibility of government and serve as a calming influence to the citizenry. Strategic communication during domestic disasters also serves a foreign policy role. Effective USG strategic communication can portray the United States as a capable, efficient and effective responder to the needs of its people and so send a message to emerging democracies regarding the role of government toward the needs of its citizens. On the other hand, poor USG strategic communication can contribute to the opposite perception world-wide."
Army War College (U.S.). Center for Strategic Leadership
Murphy, Dennis M.
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