Homeland Security Digital Library

Homeland Security Digital Library

SEARCH THE HSDL

Advanced search Help

Searching for terms: EXACT: "Morrison, Wayne M." in: author

Set an Alert to get future results

Results 1 - 30 (of 262) sorted by relevance sort by date

Clear all search criteria

Only 2/3! You are seeing results from the Public Collection, not the complete Full Collection. Sign in to search everything (see eligibility).

Taiwan: Issues for Congress [October 30, 2017]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"Taiwan, which officially calls itself the Republic of China (ROC), is an island democracy of 23 million people located across the Taiwan Strait from mainland China. It is the United States' tenth-largest trading partner. Since January 1, 1979, the U.S. relationship with Taiwan has been unofficial, a consequence of the Carter Administration's decision to establish diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China (PRC) and break formal diplomatic ties with self-ruled Taiwan, over which the PRC claims sovereignty. The Taiwan Relations Act (TRA, P.L. 96-8; 22 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.), enacted on April 10, 1979, provides a legal basis for the unofficial U.S.- Taiwan relationship. It also includes commitments related to Taiwan's security. The PRC considers unofficiality in the U.S.-Taiwan relationship to be the basis for the U.S.-PRC relationship. Some Members of Congress have urged the executive branch to re-visit rules intended to distinguish the unofficial U.S.-Taiwan relationship from official U.S. relationships with diplomatic partners, in order to accord Taiwan greater dignity and respect."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Lawrence, Susan V.; Morrison, Wayne M.

2017-10-30
China-U.S. Trade Issues [August 26, 2017]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"Economic and trade reforms begun in 1979 have helped transform China into one of the world's biggest and fastest-growing economies. China's economic growth and trade liberalization, including comprehensive trade commitments made upon its entry to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, have led to a sharp expansion in U.S.-China commercial ties. Yet, bilateral trade relations have become increasingly strained in recent years over a number of issues, including China's: mixed record on implementing its WTO obligations; infringement of U.S. intellectual property (such as through cyber-theft of U.S. trade secrets and forced technology requirements placed on foreign firms); increased use of industrial policies to promote and protect domestic Chinese firms (especially state-owned firms); extensive trade and foreign investment restrictions; lack of transparency in trade rules and regulations; distortionary economic policies that have led to overcapacity in several industries; and its large merchandise trade surplus with the United States. China's economic and trade conditions, policies, and acts have a significant impact on the U.S. economy as whole as well as specific U.S. sectors and thus are of concern to Congress. This report provides an overview of U.S.-China commercial ties identifies major issues of contention, describes the Trump Administration's trade policies toward China, and reviews possible outcomes."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2017-08-26
China's Economic Rise: History, Trends, Challenges, and Implications for the United States [August 30, 2017]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"Prior to the initiation of economic reforms and trade liberalization 36 years ago, China maintained policies that kept the economy very poor, stagnant, centrally-controlled, vastly inefficient, and relatively isolated from the global economy. Since opening up to foreign trade and investment and implementing free market reforms in 1979, China has been among the world's fastest-growing economies, with real annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaging nearly 10% through 2016. In recent years, China has emerged as a major global economic power. It is now the world's largest economy (on a purchasing power parity basis), manufacturer, merchandise trader, and holder of foreign exchange reserves."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2017-08-30
China's Economic Rise: History, Trends, Challenges, and Implications for the United States [August 06, 2017]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"Prior to the initiation of economic reforms and trade liberalization 36 years ago, China maintained policies that kept the economy very poor, stagnant, centrally-controlled, vastly inefficient, and relatively isolated from the global economy. Since opening up to foreign trade and investment and implementing free market reforms in 1979, China has been among the world's fastest-growing economies, with real annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaging nearly 10% through 2016. In recent years, China has emerged as a major global economic power. It is now the world's largest economy (on a purchasing power parity basis), manufacturer, merchandise trader, and holder of foreign exchange reserves."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2017-08-06
China's Economic Rise: History, Trends, Challenges, and Implications for the United States [September 15, 2017]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"Prior to the initiation of economic reforms and trade liberalization 36 years ago, China maintained policies that kept the economy very poor, stagnant, centrally-controlled, vastly inefficient, and relatively isolated from the global economy. Since opening up to foreign trade and investment and implementing free market reforms in 1979, China has been among the world's fastest-growing economies, with real annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaging nearly 10% through 2016. In recent years, China has emerged as a major global economic power. It is now the world's largest economy (on a purchasing power parity basis), manufacturer, merchandise trader, and holder of foreign exchange reserves."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2017-09-15
Enforcing U.S. Trade Laws: Section 301 and China [June 25, 2018]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
From the Document: "U.S. innovation and the intellectual property that it generates have been cited by various economists as a critical source of U.S. economic growth and global competitiveness. China has been a particular concern to U.S. IPR [intellectual property rights] stakeholders for many years. On August 14, 2017, President Trump directed the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) to determine whether it should launch a Section 301 investigation into any of China's laws, policies, practices, or actions that may be unreasonable or discriminatory and that may be harming American intellectual property rights (IPR), innovation, or technology development. On August 18, 2017, the USTR announced it had decided to proceed with Section 301 case against China's IPR policies. On June 15, 2018, the White House announced its intent to impose 25% ad valorem tariffs on $50 billion worth of Chinese products."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2018-06-25
U.S. - Taiwan Trade Relations [September 11, 2018]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"With a population of 23 million people, Taiwan has evolved to become a highly developed, dynamic, and globally competitive economy. In 2017, Taiwan's gross domestic product (GDP) on a purchasing power parity (PPP) basis was $1.2 trillion, making it the world's 21st largest economy. Its per capita GDP on a PPP basis (a common measurement of living standards) was 15% greater than Japan's and about 75% of the U.S. level. In 2017, Taiwan was the world's 18th largest trading economy. The World Economic Forum ranked Taiwan as the world's 15th most competitive economy in 2017. Taiwan is a major global producer of information and communications technology (ICT) products (e.g., notebook PCs, tablets, smartphones, and computer peripherals) and semiconductors."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2018-09-11
Trump Administration Tariff Actions: Frequently Asked Questions [February 22, 2019]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
From the Document, "The Constitution grants Congress the sole authority over the regulation of foreign commerce. Over the past several decades, Congress has authorized the President to adjust tariffs and other trade restrictions in certain circumstances through specific trade laws. Using these delegated authorities under three trade laws, President Trump has imposed increased tariffs, largely in the range of 10% - 25%, on a variety of U.S. imports to address concerns related to national security, injury to competing industries, and China's trade practices on forced technology transfer and intellectual property rights, among other issues. Several U.S. trade partners argue that these tariff actions violate existing U.S. commitments under multilateral and bilateral or regional trade agreements and have imposed tariffs on U.S. exports in retaliation. Congress continues to actively examine and debate these tariffs, and several bills have been introduced either to expand, limit, or revise existing authorities."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Williams, Brock R.; Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Fefer, Rachel F. . . .

2019-02-22
Enforcing U.S. Trade Laws: Section 301 and China [Updated March 13, 2019]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
From the Document: "Concerns over China's policies on intellectual property (IP), technology, and innovation policies led the Trump Administration in August 2017 to launch a Section 301 investigation of those policies. Since then, the United States has implemented three rounds of tariff increases under Section 301 on a total of $250 billion worth of Chinese products, while China has increased tariffs on $110 billion worth of U.S. products. Several rounds of talks have been held to resolve the trade dispute."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2019-03-13
Trade Dispute with China and Rare Earth Elements [June 28, 2019]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
From the Background: "Since 2018, the United States and China have been engaged in a trade dispute resulting from U.S. use of Section 301 provisions (which deals with foreign trade barriers). The dispute has led to several rounds of tariff hikes. The United States has imposed 25% tariff hikes on $250 billion worth of products from China while China has hiked tariffs on $110 billion worth of U.S. products. On May 10, 2019, President Trump directed the U.S Trade Representative (USTR) to begin the processes of raising tariffs on essentially all remaining imports from China, which it valued at approximately $300 billion. A week later, the USTR published a list of Chinese products that could be subject to 25% 'ad valorem' tariffs. The notice specified that certain products, including rare earth elements (REEs), would not be included on the list."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2019-06-28
U.S. Trade Friction with China Intensifies [June 19, 2019]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
From the Document: "Commercial relations between the United States and China are experiencing an increasing level of tension and uncertainty. In August 2017, the Trump Administration launched a Section 301 investigation of Chinese policies relating to technology transfer, intellectual property, and innovation policies deemed harmful to U.S. economic interests. In March 2018, the Administration announced it would take specified action against China in response to such policies, including increased tariffs. The Administration subsequently raised tariffs on three tranches of import products from China, (with estimated combined worth of $250 billion). China imposed retaliatory tariff increase on three tranches of imported products from the United States (with estimated combined worth of $110 billion). On February 14, 2019, President Trump tweeted that trade negotiations with China were in 'advanced stages' and suggested that an agreement could soon be reached."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2019-06-19
China's Economic Rise: History, Trends, Challenges, and Implications for the United States [Updated June 25, 2019]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
From the Summary: "Prior to the initiation of economic reforms and trade liberalization nearly 40 years ago, China maintained policies that kept the economy very poor, stagnant, centrally controlled, vastly inefficient, and relatively isolated from the global economy. Since opening up to foreign trade and investment and implementing free-market reforms in 1979, China has been among the world's fastest-growing economies, with real annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaging 9.5% through 2018, a pace described by the World Bank as 'the fastest sustained expansion by a major economy in history.' Such growth has enabled China, on average, to double its GDP every eight years and helped raise an estimated 800 million people out of poverty. China has become the world's largest economy (on a purchasing power parity basis), manufacturer, merchandise trader, and holder of foreign exchange reserves. This in turn has made China a major commercial partner of the United States. China is the largest U.S. merchandise trading partner, biggest source of imports, and third-largest U.S. export market. China is also the largest foreign holder of U.S. Treasury securities, which help fund the federal debt and keep U.S. interest rates low."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2019-06-25
Enforcing U.S. Trade Laws: Section 301 and China [Updated June 26, 2019]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
From the Overview: "Concerns over China's policies on intellectual property (IP), technology, and innovation led the Trump Administration in August 2017 to launch a Section 301 investigation of those policies. Consequently, the United States has implemented three rounds of tariff increases on a total of $250 billion worth of Chinese products, while China has increased tariffs on $110 billion worth of U.S. products. The Trump Administration has threatened to increase tariffs on nearly all remaining imports from China."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2019-06-26
U.S. Accession to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations' Treaty of Amity and Cooperation (TAC) [October 26, 2009]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"On July 22, 2009, during Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton's visit to Southeast Asia, the United States acceded to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations' (ASEAN) Treaty of Amity and Cooperation (TAC), one of the 10-nation organization's core documents, as had been amended by the 1987 and 1998 TAC Protocols. The move came less than six months after Secretary of State Clinton announced in Jakarta that the Obama Administration would launch its formal interagency process to pursue accession. This report analyzes the legal and diplomatic issues involved with accession to the TAC."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.; Garcia, Michael John; Manyin, Mark E.

2009-10-26
U.S. Trade Concepts, Performance, and Policy: Frequently Asked Questions [March 25, 2016]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"Congress plays a major role in U.S. trade policy through its legislative and oversight authority. There are a number of major trade issues that are currently the focus of Congress. For example, bills were introduced in the 113th Congress to reauthorize Trade Promotion Authority (TPA), the U.S. Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), and the U.S. Export-Import Bank, and legislative action on these issues could be forthcoming in the 114th Congress. Additionally, Congress has been involved with proposed free trade agreements (FTAs), including the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) involving the United States and 11 other countries and the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) between the United States and the European Union (EU). Also of interest to Congress are current plurilateral negotiations for a Trade in Services Agreement (TISA) and an updated multilateral Information Technology Agreement (ITA) in the World Trade Organization (WTO). Trade and investment policies of major U.S. trading partners (such as China), especially when they are deemed harmful to U.S. economic interests, are also of continued concern to Congress. Recent improved U.S. relations with Cuba have resulted in the introduction of several bills to boost bilateral commercial ties. The costs and benefits of trade to the U.S. economy, firms, workers, and constituents, and the future direction of U.S. trade policy, are the subject of ongoing debates in Congress. This report provides information and context for these and many other trade topics."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.; Jackson, James K., 1949-; Jones, Vivian Catherine . . .

2016-03-25
U.S.-China Trade Issues [Updated March 11, 2019]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
From the Document: "The U.S.-China trade and economic relationship has expanded significantly over the past three decades. In 2018, China was the United States' largest U.S. merchandise trading partner (total trade at $660 billion), third-largest export market ($120 billion), and largest source of imports ($535 billion). China is also the largest foreign holder of U.S. Treasury securities (at $1.1 trillion year-end 2018). However, tensions have grown sharply in recent years over a number of economic and trade issues."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2019-03-11
U.S.-China Relations [Updated April 11, 2019]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
From the Document: "United States and the People's Republic of China (PRC or China) Are This Year Marking the 40th Anniversary of Their Establishment of Diplomatic Relations. Both Are Permanent Members of the United Nations Security Council. Today, They Lead the World in the Size of Their Economies, Their Defense Budgets, and Their Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions. In 2018, They Were Each Other's Largest Trading Partners."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Lawrence, Susan V.; Morrison, Wayne M.; Langan-Marmur, Jonah

2019-04-11
U.S.-China Trade Issues [Updated April 8, 2019]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
From the Document: "The U.S.-China trade and economic relationship has expanded significantly over the past three decades. In 2018, China was the United States' largest U.S. merchandise trading partner (total trade at $660 billion), third-largest export market ($120 billion), and largest source of imports ($540 billion). China is also the largest foreign holder of U.S. Treasury securities (at $1.1 trillion year-end 2018). However, tensions have grown sharply in recent years over a number of economic and trade issues."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2019-04-08
U.S.-China Trade Issues [August 2, 2018]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"The U.S.-China trade and economic relationship has expanded significantly over the past three decades. In 2017, China was the United States' largest U.S. merchandise trading partner (at $636 billion), third-largest export market ($130 billion), and largest source of imports ($506 billion). China is also the largest foreign holder of U.S. Treasury securities (at nearly $1.2 trillion as of May 2018). However, tensions between the two countries have grown sharply in recent years over a number of economic and trade issues."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2018-08-02
U.S.-China Trade Issues [Updated June 23, 2019]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
From the Background: "The U.S.-China trade and economic relationship has expanded significantly over the past three decades. In 2018, China was the United States' largest U.S. merchandise trading partner (total trade at $660 billion), third-largest export market ($120 billion), and largest source of imports ($540 billion). China is also the largest foreign holder of U.S. Treasury securities (at $1.1 trillion as of April 2019 2018). However, tensions have grown sharply in recent years over a number of economic and trade issues."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.

2019-06-23
U.S.-Taiwan Relationship: Overview of Policy Issues [November 6, 2013]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"The purpose and scope of this CRS [Congressional Research Service] report is to provide a succinct overview with analysis of the major issues in the U.S. policy on Taiwan. This report will be updated as warranted. Taiwan formally calls itself the sovereign Republic of China (ROC), tracing its political lineage to the ROC set up after the revolution in 1911 in China. The ROC government retreated to Taipei in 1949. The United States recognized the ROC until the end of 1978 and has maintained a non-diplomatic relationship with Taiwan after recognition of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Beijing in 1979. The State Department claims an 'unofficial' U.S. relationship with Taiwan, despite official contacts that include arms sales. The Taiwan Relations Act (TRA) of 1979, P.L. 96-8, has governed policy in the absence of a diplomatic relationship or a defense treaty. Other key statements that guide policy are the three U.S.-PRC Joint Communiqués of 1972, 1979, and 1982; as well as the 'Six Assurances' of 1982."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Kan, Shirley; Morrison, Wayne M.

2013-11-06
U.S.-Taiwan Relationship: Overview of Policy Issues [November 18, 2013]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"The purpose and scope of this CRS [Congressional Research Service] report is to provide a succinct overview with analysis of the major issues in the U.S. policy on Taiwan. This report will be updated as warranted. Taiwan formally calls itself the sovereign Republic of China (ROC), tracing its political lineage to the ROC set up after the revolution in 1911 in China. The ROC government retreated to Taipei in 1949. The United States recognized the ROC until the end of 1978 and has maintained a nondiplomatic relationship with Taiwan after recognition of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Beijing in 1979. The State Department claims an 'unofficial' U.S. relationship with Taiwan, despite official contacts that include arms sales. The Taiwan Relations Act (TRA) of 1979, P.L. 96-8, has governed policy in the absence of a diplomatic relationship or a defense treaty. Other key statements that guide policy are the three U.S.-PRC Joint Communiqués of 1972, 1979, and 1982; as well as the 'Six Assurances' of 1982."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Kan, Shirley; Morrison, Wayne M.

2013-11-18
China's Currency: An Analysis of the Economic Issues [January 12, 2011]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
From the Summary: "Since 1994, the Chinese government has maintained a policy of intervening in currency markets to limit or halt the appreciation of its currency, the renminbi (RMB), against the U.S. dollar and other currencies. Critics charge that this policy has made Chinese exports to the United States significantly cheaper, and U.S. exports to China much more expensive, than would occur under free market conditions. Some policymakers argue that China's currency policy is a major factor behind the large annual U.S. trade deficits with China and has lead to the widespread loss of U.S. manufacturing jobs. Some economists have argued that China's currency policy is disruptive to global economic recovery because it induces many countries to intervene in currency markets in an effort to hold down the value of their currencies against the dollar in order to enable their firms to remain competitive vis-à-vis Chinese firms. Some economists have expressed concern that these actions may worsen economic imbalances and could undermine the world trading system. From July 2005 to July 2008, the central bank of China allowed the RMB to appreciate against the dollar by about 21%. However, once the effects of the global economic crisis began to become apparent, China halted appreciation of the RMB in an effort to limit job losses in industries dependent on trade. From July 2008 to late June 2010, China kept the exchange rate of the RMB at roughly 6.83 yuan (the base unit of the RMB) to the dollar. On June 19, 2010, the China's central bank stated that, based on current economic conditions, it had decided to 'proceed further with reform of the RMB exchange rate regime and to enhance the RMB exchange rate flexibility.' From June 18 to December 24, 2010, China allowed the RMB/dollar exchange rate to rise by about 2.9%% overall. U.S. officials have criticized the slow pace of RMB's appreciation, especially given the rapid growth in Chinese exports and trade surplus over the past year, and have urged China to quicken the pace of currency reform and flexibility."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Labonte, Marc; Morrison, Wayne M.

2011-01-12
U.S.-Taiwan Relationship: Overview of Policy Issues [January 4, 2013]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"The purpose and scope of this CRS [Congressional Research Service] report is to provide a succinct overview with analysis of the issues in the U.S.-Taiwan relationship. This report will be updated as warranted. Taiwan formally calls itself the sovereign Republic of China (ROC), tracing its political lineage to the ROC set up after the revolution in 1911 in China. The ROC government retreated to Taipei in 1949. The United States recognized the ROC until the end of 1978 and has maintained a non-diplomatic relationship with Taiwan after recognition of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Beijing in 1979. The State Department claims an 'unofficial' U.S. relationship with Taiwan, despite official contacts that include arms sales. The Taiwan Relations Act (TRA) of 1979, P.L. [Public Law] 96-8, has governed policy in the absence of a diplomatic relationship or a defense treaty. Other key statements that guide policy are the three U.S.-PRC Joint Communiqués of 1972, 1979, and 1982; as well as the 'Six Assurances' of 1982."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Kan, Shirley; Morrison, Wayne M.

2013-01-04
U.S.-Taiwan Relationship: Overview of Policy Issues [October 10, 2012]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"The purpose and scope of this CRS [Congressional Research Service] report is to provide a succinct overview with analysis of the issues in the U.S.-Taiwan relationship. This report will be updated as warranted. Taiwan formally calls itself the sovereign Republic of China (ROC), tracing its political lineage to the ROC set up after the revolution in 1911 in China. The ROC government retreated to Taipei in 1949. The United States recognized the ROC until the end of 1978 and has maintained a non-diplomatic relationship with Taiwan after recognition of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Beijing in 1979. The State Department claims an 'unofficial' U.S. relationship with Taiwan, despite official contacts that include arms sales. The Taiwan Relations Act (TRA) of 1979, P.L. 96-8, has governed policy in the absence of a diplomatic relationship or a defense treaty. Other key statements that guide policy are the three U.S.-PRC Joint Communiqués of 1972, 1979, and 1982; as well as the 'Six Assurances' of 1982. (See also CRS Report RL30341, China/Taiwan: Evolution of the 'One China' Policy--Key Statements from Washington, Beijing, and Taipei.)"

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.; Kan, Shirley

2012-10-10
U.S.-Taiwan Relationship: Overview of Policy Issues [August 16, 2012]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"The purpose and scope of this CRS [Congressional Research Service] report is to provide a succinct overview with analysis of the issues in the U.S.-Taiwan relationship. This report will be updated as warranted. Taiwan formally calls itself the sovereign Republic of China (ROC), tracing its political lineage to the ROC set up after the revolution in 1911 in China. The ROC government retreated to Taipei in 1949. The United States recognized the ROC until the end of 1978 and has maintained a non-diplomatic relationship with Taiwan after recognition of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Beijing in 1979. The State Department claims an 'unofficial' U.S. relationship with Taiwan, despite official contacts that include arms sales. The Taiwan Relations Act (TRA) of 1979, P.L. 96-8, has governed policy in the absence of a diplomatic relationship or a defense treaty. Other key statements that guide policy are the three U.S.-PRC Joint Communiqués of 1972, 1979, and 1982; as well as the 'Six Assurances' of 1982. (See also CRS Report RL30341, 'China/Taiwan: Evolution of the 'One China' Policy--Key Statements from Washington, Beijing, and Taipei'.)"

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Kan, Shirley; Morrison, Wayne M.

2012-08-16
U.S.-Taiwan Relationship: Overview of Policy Issues [June 15, 2012]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"The purpose and scope of this CRS [Congressional Research Service] report is to provide a succinct overview with analysis of the issues in the U.S.-Taiwan relationship. Taiwan has been of significant security, economic, and political interest to the United States. Although the United States does not diplomatically recognize Taiwan, it is a de facto, significant autonomous actor in the world. Today, 23 countries including the Vatican have diplomatic relations with Taiwan as the Republic of China (ROC). In what many consider to be a model democracy, Taiwan's 23 million people enjoy self-governance with free elections. In 2011, Taiwan was the 10th-largest U.S. trading partner and the 6th-largest market for U.S. agricultural exports. With active congressional involvement, the United States has played critical roles in Taiwan's economic development, political liberalization from an authoritarian dictatorship to a dynamic democracy, self-defense against the People's Republic of China (PRC's) military threats, and preservation of international space. Overall, U.S. policy seeks to support security, political, and economic interests that involve peace and stability, the status quo in the Taiwan Strait, Taiwan's efforts to maintain international space, democracy and human rights in Taiwan, and U.S. businesses in Taiwan. As a critical concern, the United States has interests in the ties or tension across the Taiwan Strait, which affect international security (with potential U.S. intervention), the U.S.-Taiwan relationship, and U.S.-PRC cooperation. The cross-strait relationship has grown closer since the 1980s. When James Lilley arrived as the U.S. representative in Taipei in 1982, he was one of the first officials to encourage cross-strait economic ties as the driver in a trend toward greater peace and security. Indeed, closer economic engagement gradually has increased regular contacts and reduced tension across the Taiwan Strait."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Kan, Shirley; Morrison, Wayne M.

2012-06-15
U.S.-Taiwan Relationship: Overview of Policy Issues [August 4, 2011]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"For decades, Taiwan has been of significant security, economic, and political interest to the United States. While the United States does not diplomatically recognize Taiwan, it is a significant autonomous actor in the world. [...] After Taiwan's presidential election in 2008, the United States congratulated Taiwan as a 'beacon of democracy.' Taiwan donates official foreign aid, including $3.5 million to Japan after its catastrophes in March 2011. Taiwan's economy is the 17th largest in the world. Taiwan is the 9th-largest U.S. trading partner, including the 6th-largest market for U.S. agricultural exports. U.S. cumulative investment in Taiwan totaled $21 billion. Taiwan is a major innovator of information technology (IT) products. Ties or tension across the Taiwan Strait affect global peace and stability, the U.S.-Taiwan relationship, and U.S.-PRC [People's Repubic of China] engagement. Taiwan's democracy has allowed its people a greater say in their status, given competing party politics about Taiwan's sovereignty and priorities. The next presidential election is scheduled for January 14, 2012, two months earlier than in previous electoral cycles. Particularly since Taiwan and the PRC resumed the cross-strait dialogue in 2008, one view has stressed concerns that the U.S.-Taiwan relationship has not strengthened. Another approach has seen closer cross-strait engagement as allowing U.S. attention to shift to expand cooperation from a rising China, which opposes U.S. arms sales and other dealings with Taiwan. In any case, Washington and Taipei have put more efforts into their respective relations with Beijing. Taiwan's President Ma Ying-jeou has sought U.S. support for his policies, prioritizing U.S. arms sales and Taiwan's inclusion in the U.S. Visa Waiver Program (VWP). Taiwan also has asked for an extradition treaty. Another issue has concerned whether to resume Cabinet-level visits. The United States and Taiwan have sought to resume trade talks under the Trade and Investment Framework Agreement (TIFA), but there have been U.S. concerns about Taiwan's restrictions on U.S. beef."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Kan, Shirley; Morrison, Wayne M.

2011-08-04
U.S.-Taiwan Relationship: Overview of Policy Issues [May 8, 2013]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"The purpose and scope of this CRS [Congressional Research Service] report is to provide a succinct overview with analysis of the issues in the U.S.-Taiwan relationship. This report will be updated as warranted. Taiwan formally calls itself the sovereign Republic of China (ROC), tracing its political lineage to the ROC set up after the revolution in 1911 in China. The ROC government retreated to Taipei in 1949. The United States recognized the ROC until the end of 1978 and has maintained a non-diplomatic relationship with Taiwan after recognition of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Beijing in 1979. The State Department claims an 'unofficial' U.S. relationship with Taiwan, despite official contacts that include arms sales. The Taiwan Relations Act (TRA) of 1979, P.L. [Public Law] 96-8, has governed policy in the absence of a diplomatic relationship or a defense treaty. Other key statements that guide policy are the three U.S.-PRC Joint Communiqués of 1972, 1979, and 1982; as well as the 'Six Assurances' of 1982."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Kan, Shirley; Morrison, Wayne M.

2013-05-08
U.S.-Taiwan Relationship: Overview of Policy Issues [July 2, 2013]

Show summary Open resource [pdf] (open full abstract)
"The purpose and scope of this CRS [Congressional Research Service] report is to provide a succinct overview with analysis of the major issues in the U.S. policy on Taiwan. This report will be updated as warranted. Taiwan formally calls itself the sovereign Republic of China (ROC), tracing its political lineage to the ROC set up after the revolution in 1911 in China. The ROC government retreated to Taipei in 1949. The United States recognized the ROC until the end of 1978 and has maintained a non-diplomatic relationship with Taiwan after recognition of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Beijing in 1979. The State Department claims an 'unofficial' U.S. relationship with Taiwan, despite official contacts that include arms sales. The Taiwan Relations Act (TRA) of 1979, P.L. [Public Law] 96-8, has governed policy in the absence of a diplomatic relationship or a defense treaty. Other key statements that guide policy are the three U.S.-PRC Joint Communiqués of 1972, 1979, and 1982; as well as the 'Six Assurances' of 1982."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morrison, Wayne M.; Kan, Shirley

2013-07-02

1 2 3 4 5 6