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Advances in Satellite Methane Measurement: Implications for Fossil Fuel Industry Emissions Detection and Climate Policy [April 1, 2022]
From the Document: "On November 15, 2021, under the authority of Section 111 of the Clean Air Act, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a rulemaking that 'proposes comprehensive standards of performance for GHG [greenhouse gas] emissions (in the form of methane limitations) ... for new, modified, and reconstructed sources in the Crude Oil and Natural Gas source category, including the production, processing, transmission and storage segments' (86 'Federal Register' 63110, November 15, 2021). Lessening unintended emissions known as 'fugitive emissions' is one set of actions in this proposal to constrain large emissions sources known as 'super-emitters.' The rulemaking requests both information and comments on alternative measurement technologies for methane emissions, especially those attributed to super-emitters. The EPA is seeking input on technologies that could distinguish large emission events and a definitional emissions level for designating an event as 'large.' It is specified in the rulemaking that 'any emissions visible by satellites should qualify as large emission events' (86 'Federal Register' 63110, November 15, 2021). The role of evolving satellite technologies that have the ability to monitor methane and contribute to the identification of 'large emission events' is discussed here."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Haskett, Jonathan D.
2022-04-01
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Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Sixth Assessment Report [April 29, 2022]
From the Document: "In 2021, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released 'Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis--Contribution of Working Group I', as part of its Sixth Assessment (AR6 WGI). The role of the IPCC as endorsed by the United Nations in plenary session in 1988 is 'to provide internationally coordinated scientific assessments of the magnitude, timing and potential environmental and socio-economic impact of climate change and realistic response strategies.' This CRS report serves as a primer for the AR6 WGI assessment. It is not comprehensive, instead presenting key findings pertinent to congressional consideration of risks related to natural and human-induced climate change and possible legislative responses. The AR6 WGI presents current evidence of changes in the climate, including, but not limited to, the following: Global average surface temperature in 2011-2020 increased by approximately 1.0 [degrees] C [Celsius] above the preindustrial period of 1850-1900; heatwaves have occurred more often and with greater intensity since the 1950s, while cold extremes have occurred less often in the same time period; scientists have high confidence that there has been a global increase in co-occurring droughts and heatwaves since 1950; terrestrial global average precipitation has increased, as has the frequency of heavy precipitation events; Arctic sea ice has decreased, while Antarctic sea ice has remained largely unchanged."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Haskett, Jonathan D.
2022-04-29
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