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• American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics [September 14, 2018]

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  "This report provides war casualty statistics. It includes data tables containing the number of fatalities and the number of wounded among American military personnel who served in principal wars and combat actions from 1775 to the present. It also includes information such as race and ethnicity, gender, branch of service, and, in some cases, detailed information on types of casualties and causes of death.Casualty statistics for wars that ended long ago are updated periodically, sometimes yearly. These updates almost always reflect the identification of remains of persons previously listed as missing in action and the reclassification of those persons as dead. Other reasons, much less frequent, include the discovery of errors in casualty records for individuals or categories such as race and ethnicity."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2018-09-14
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Issues in the 115th Congress [Updated January 22, 2019]

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  "Geographic proximity has ensured strong linkages between the United States and Latin America and the Caribbean, based on diverse U.S. interests, including economic, political, and security concerns. The United States is a major trading partner and the largest source of foreign investment for many countries in the region, with free-trade agreements enhancing economic linkages with 11 countries. The region is a large source of U.S. immigration, both legal and illegal; proximity and economic and security conditions are major factors driving migration. Curbing the flow of illicit drugs has been a key component of U.S. relations with the region for more than three decades and currently involves close security cooperation with Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. U.S. support for democracy and human rights in the region has been long-standing, with particular current focus on Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Sullivan, Mark P.; Beittel, June S.; DeBruyne, Nese F. . . .

  2019-01-22
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections [Updated March 9, 2020]

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  From the Document: "This report provides the results of recent presidential elections in Latin America and the Caribbean. Below are three tables organized by region, that include the date of each country's independence, the name of the most recently elected president or prime minister, and the projected date of the next presidential election. Information in this report was gathered from numerous sources, including the U.S. State Department, Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA's) World Fact Book, International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) Election Guide, Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), and other news sources."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Davis-Castro, Carla Y.; DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2020-03-09
• Latin America and the Caribbean: U.S. Policy and Issues in the 116th Congress [Updated March 10, 2020]

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  From the Document: "The United States maintains strong linkages with neighboring Latin America and the Caribbean based on geographic proximity and diverse U.S. interests, including economic, political, and security concerns. The United States is a major trading partner and source of foreign investment for many countries in the region, with free-trade agreements enhancing economic linkages with 11 countries. The region is a large source of U.S. immigration, both legal and illegal; proximity and economic and security conditions are major factors driving migration. Curbing the flow of illicit drugs has been a key component of U.S. relations with the region for more than four decades and currently involves close security cooperation with Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. U.S. support for democracy and human rights in the region has been long-standing, with particular current focus on Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Sullivan, Mark P.; Beittel, June S.; DeBruyne, Nese F. . . .

  2020-03-10
• Defense Authorization and Appropriations Bills: FY1961-FY2020 [Updated March 3, 2020]

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  From the Summary: "The passage of the Department of Defense (DOD) authorization and appropriations bills through Congress often does not follow the course laid out in textbooks on legislative procedure. Tracking DOD authorization or appropriation bills can be confusing and time-consuming. This has been particularly true in recent years, when continuing resolutions (CRs) and consolidated appropriations bills containing the DOD and other appropriations bills have been enacted in lieu of the 12 regular appropriations bills for the entire U.S. government. This report is a research aid that lists the DOD authorization bills (Table 1 and Table 2) and appropriations bills (Table 3 and Table 4) for FY1961-FY2020. This report includes pertinent information on the passage of these bills through the legislative process: bill numbers, report numbers, dates reported and passed, recorded vote numbers and vote tallies, dates of passage of the conference reports with their numbers and votes, vetoes, substitutions, dates of final passage, and public law numbers. Significant definitions are also included. This report will be updated as legislative activity warrants."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.; Torreon, Barbara Salazar

  2020-03-03
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections [Updated January 17, 2020]

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  From the Document: "This report provides the results of recent presidential elections in Latin America and the Caribbean. Below are three tables organized by region, that include the date of each country's independence, the name of the most recently elected president or prime minister, and the projected date of the next presidential election. Information in this report was gathered from numerous sources, including the U.S. State Department, Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA's) World Fact Book, International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) Election Guide, Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), and other news sources."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Davis-Castro, Carla Y.; DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2020-01-17
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections [Updated April 27, 2021]

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  This report was originally written by Nese F. DeBruyne while employed as a CRS [Congressional Research Service] Librarian. It has been updated by Carla Y. Davis-Castro. From the Document: "This report provides the results of recent presidential elections in Latin America and the Caribbean. Below are three tables organized by region, that include the date of each country's independence, the name of the most recently elected president or prime minister, and the projected date of the next presidential election. Information in this report was gathered from numerous sources, including the U.S. State Department, Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA's) World Fact Book, International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) Election Guide, Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), and other news sources."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Davis-Castro, Carla Y.; DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2021-04-27
• American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics [Updated September 24, 2019]

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  From the Summary: "This report provides U.S. war casualty statistics. It includes data tables containing the number of casualties among American military personnel who served in principal wars and combat operations from 1775 to the present. It also includes data on those wounded in action and information such as race and ethnicity, gender, branch of service, and cause of death. [...] Wars covered include the Revolutionary War, the War of 1812, the Mexican War, the Civil War, the Spanish-American War, World War I, World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam Conflict, and the Persian Gulf War. Military operations covered include the Iranian Hostage Rescue Mission; Lebanon Peacekeeping; Urgent Fury in Grenada; Just Cause in Panama; Desert Shield and Desert Storm; Restore Hope in Somalia; Uphold Democracy in Haiti; Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF); Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF); Operation New Dawn (OND); Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR); and Operation Freedom's Sentinel (OFS)."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2019-09-24
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections [November 5, 2018]

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  "This report provides the results of recent presidential elections in Latin America and the Caribbean. Below are three tables organized by region, including the date of each country's independence, the name of the newly elected president or prime minister, and the projected date of the next presidential election. Information in this report was gathered from numerous sources, including the U.S. State Department, Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA's) World Fact Book, International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) Election Guide, Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), and other news sources"

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2018-11-05
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Issues in the 115th Congress [October 4, 2018]

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  "Geographic proximity has ensured strong linkages between the United States and Latin America and the Caribbean, based on diverse U.S. interests, including economic, political, and security concerns. The United States is a major trading partner and the largest source of foreign investment for many countries in the region, with free-trade agreements enhancing economic linkages with 11 countries. The region is a large source of U.S. immigration, both legal and illegal; proximity and economic and security conditions are major factors driving migration. Curbing the flow of illicit drugs has been a key component of U.S. relations with the region for more than three decades and currently involves close security cooperation with Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. U.S. support for democracy and human rights in the region has been long-standing, with particular current focus on Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Sullivan, Mark P.; Beittel, June S.; DeBruyne, Nese F. . . .

  2018-10-04
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections [October 4, 2018]

  Show summary     Open resource [pdf]     (open full abstract)

  "This report provides the results of recent presidential elections in Latin America and the Caribbean. Below are three tables organized by region, including the date of each country's independence, the name of the newly elected president or prime minister, and the projected date of the next presidential election. Information in this report was gathered from numerous sources, including the U.S. State Department, Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA's) World Fact Book, International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) Election Guide, Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), and other news sources."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2018-10-04
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections [Updated February 7, 2019]

  Show summary     Open resource [pdf]     (open full abstract)

  "This report provides the results of recent presidential elections in Latin America and the Caribbean. Below are three tables organized by region, including the date of each country's independence, the name of the newly elected president or prime minister, and the projected date of the next presidential election. Information in this report was gathered from numerous sources, including the U.S. State Department, Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA's) World Fact Book, International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) Election Guide, Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), and other news sources."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Davis-Castro, Carla Y.; DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2019-02-07
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections [Updated April 20, 2020]

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  From the Document: "This report provides the results of recent presidential elections in Latin America and the Caribbean. Below are three tables organized by region, that include the date of each country's independence, the name of the most recently elected president or prime minister, and the projected date of the next presidential election. Information in this report was gathered from numerous sources, including the U.S. State Department, Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA's) World Fact Book, International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) Election Guide, Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), and other news sources."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Davis-Castro, Carla Y.; DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2020-04-20
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Issues in the 115th Congress [March 12, 2018]

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  "Geographic proximity has ensured strong linkages between the United States and Latin America and the Caribbean, based on diverse U.S. interests, including economic, political, and security concerns. The United States is a major trading partner and the largest source of foreign investment for many countries in the region, with free-trade agreements enhancing economic linkages with 11 countries. The region is a large source of U.S. immigration, both legal and illegal; geographic proximity and economic and security conditions are major factors driving migration trends. Curbing the flow of illicit drugs has been a key component of U.S. relations with the region for more than three decades and currently involves close security cooperation with Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. U.S. support for democracy and human rights in the region has been long-standing and currently focuses on Cuba and Venezuela."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Sullivan, Mark P.; Beittel, June S.; DeBruyne, Nese F. . . .

  2018-03-12
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections [April 11, 2018]

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  "This report provides the results of recent presidential elections in Latin America and the Caribbean. Below are three tables organized by region, including the date of each country's independence, the name of the newly elected president or prime minister, and the projected date of the next presidential election. Information in this report was gathered from numerous sources, including the U.S. State Department, Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA's) World Fact Book, International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) Election Guide, Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), and other news sources."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2018-04-11
• Defense Authorization and Appropriations Bills: FY1961-FY2018 [April 19, 2018]

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  "The passage of the Department of Defense (DOD) authorization and appropriations bills through Congress often does not follow the course laid out in textbooks on legislative procedure. Tracking DOD authorization or appropriation bills can be confusing and time-consuming. This has been particularly true in recent years, when continuing resolutions (CRs) containing the DOD and other appropriation bills have been enacted in lieu of the 12 regular appropriations bills for the entire U.S. government."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.; Torreon, Barbara Salazar

  2018-04-19
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections [April 6, 2017]

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  "This report provides the results of recent presidential elections in Latin America and the Caribbean. Below are three tables organized by region, including the date of each country's independence, the name of the newly elected president or prime minister, and the projected date of the next presidential election. Information in this report was gathered from numerous sources, including the U.S. State Department, Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA's) World Fact Book, International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) Election Guide, Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), and other news sources."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2017-04-06
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections [August 24, 2017]

  Show summary     Open resource [pdf]     (open full abstract)

  "This report provides the results of recent presidential elections in Latin America and the Caribbean. Below are three tables organized by region, including the date of each country's independence, the name of the newly elected president or prime minister, and the projected date of the next presidential election. Information in this report was gathered from numerous sources, including the U.S. State Department, Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA's) World Fact Book, International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) Election Guide, Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), and other news sources."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2017-08-24
• Confederate Symbols: Relation to Federal Lands and Programs [September 20, 2017]

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  "The iconography of the Confederate states in the U.S. Civil War is a contested part of American historical memory. Confederate flags, statues, plaques, and similar memorials have been valued historical symbols for some Americans, but for others have symbolized oppression and discrimination. Further, Confederate symbols have sometimes been associated with violent confrontations and hate crimes in the United States, including in recent years. Recent prominent incidents in which Confederate symbols were invoked--in particular, the June 2015 shooting deaths of nine people in a historically black church in Charleston, SC, and violence at an August 2017 rally in Charlottesville, VA--have led to renewed consideration of the presence of Confederate symbols in public spaces. Some local and state governments have elected to remove Confederate statues, flags, and other symbols from places of public prominence."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Comay, Laura B.; Szymendera, Scott; Torreon, Barbara Salazar . . .

  2017-09-20
• Confederate Names and Military Installations [August 22, 2017]

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  "After the recent events in Charlottesville, Virginia, on August 12, 2017, surrounding the removal of the Robert E. Lee statue, some Members of Congress have expressed interest in military installations named after Confederate leaders, and the process for renaming these bases. Currently, the Department of Defense (DOD) does not have a review process to reevaluate the naming of specific installations. Instead, each military department has its own naming convention that is summarized below. A list of Navy ships named after Confederate commanders and a battle is also included."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Torreon, Barbara Salazar; DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2017-08-22
• Defense Authorization and Appropriations Bills: FY1970-FY2017 [January 18, 2017]

  Show summary     Open resource [pdf]     (open full abstract)

  "The passage of the Department of Defense (DOD) authorization and appropriations bills through Congress often does not follow the course laid out in textbooks on legislative procedure. Tracking DOD authorization or appropriation bills can be confusing and time-consuming. This has been particularly true in recent years, when continuing resolutions (CRs) containing the DOD and other appropriation bills have been enacted in lieu of the 12 regular appropriations bills for the entire U.S. government. This report is a research aid that lists the DOD authorization bills (Table 1) and appropriations bills (Table 2) for FY1970-FY2017. This report includes all the pertinent information on the passage of these bills through the legislative process: bill numbers, report numbers, dates reported and passed, recorded vote numbers and vote tallies, dates of passage of the conference reports with their numbers and votes, vetoes, substitutions, dates of final passage, and public law numbers. Significant definitions are also included. This report will be updated as legislative activity warrants."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2017-01-18
• Defense Authorization and Appropriations Bills: FY1970-FY2014 [March 27, 2014]

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  "The passage of the Department of Defense (DOD) authorization and appropriations bills through Congress often does not follow the course laid out in textbooks on legislative procedure. Tracking DOD authorization or appropriation bills can be confusing and time-consuming. This has been particularly true in recent years, when continuing resolutions (CRs) containing the DOD and other appropriation bills have been passed in lieu of the 12 regular appropriations bills for the entire U.S. government. This report is a research aid which lists the DOD authorization bills (Table 1) and appropriations bills (Table 2) for FY1970-FY2014. This report includes all the pertinent information on the passage of these bills through the legislative process: bill numbers, report numbers, dates reported and passed, recorded vote numbers and vote tallies, dates of passage of the conference reports with their numbers and votes, vetoes, substitutions, dates of final passage, and public law numbers. Key definitions are also included. This report will be updated as legislative activity warrants."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2014-03-27
• Defense Authorization and Appropriations Bills: FY1970-FY2015 [March 10, 2015]

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  "The passage of the Department of Defense (DOD) authorization and appropriations bills through Congress often does not follow the course laid out in textbooks on legislative procedure. Tracking DOD authorization or appropriation bills can be confusing and time-consuming. This has been particularly true in recent years, when continuing resolutions (CRs) containing the DOD and other appropriation bills have been passed in lieu of the 12 regular appropriations bills for the entire U.S. government. This report is a research aid which lists the DOD authorization bills (Table 1) and appropriations bills (Table 2) for FY1970-FY2015. This report includes all the pertinent information on the passage of these bills through the legislative process: bill numbers, report numbers, dates reported and passed, recorded vote numbers and vote tallies, dates of passage of the conference reports with their numbers and votes, vetoes, substitutions, dates of final passage, and public law numbers. Key definitions are also included. This report will be updated as legislative activity warrants."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2015-03-10
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections [August 11, 2016]

  Show summary     Open resource [pdf]     (open full abstract)

  "This report provides the results of recent elections in Latin America and the Caribbean. Below are three tables organized by region, including the date of each country's independence, the name of the newly elected president or prime minister, and the projected date of the next election. Information in this report was gathered from numerous sources, including the U.S. State Department, Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA's) World Fact Book, International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) Election Guide, Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), and other news sources."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2016-08-11
• Defense Authorization and Appropriations Bills: FY1970-FY2016 [April 20, 2016]

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  "The passage of the Department of Defense (DOD) authorization and appropriations bills through Congress often does not follow the course laid out in textbooks on legislative procedure. Tracking DOD authorization or appropriation bills can be confusing and time-consuming. This has been particularly true in recent years, when continuing resolutions (CRs) containing the DOD and other appropriation bills have been enacted in lieu of the 12 regular appropriations bills for the entire U.S. government. This report is a research aid that lists the DOD authorization bills (Table 1) and appropriations bills (Table 2) for FY1970-FY2016. This report includes all the pertinent information on the passage of these bills through the legislative process: bill numbers, report numbers, dates reported and passed, recorded vote numbers and vote tallies, dates of passage of the conference reports with their numbers and votes, vetoes, substitutions, dates of final passage, and public law numbers. Significant definitions are also included. This report will be updated as legislative activity warrants."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2016-04-20
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections [August 24, 2016]

  Show summary     Open resource [pdf]     (open full abstract)

  "This report provides the results of recent elections in Latin America and the Caribbean. [The] three tables [are] organized by region, including the date of each country's independence, the name of the newly elected president or prime minister, and the projected date of the next election. Information in this report was gathered from numerous sources, including the U.S. State Department, Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA's) World Fact Book, International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) Election Guide, Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), and other news sources."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2016-08-24
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections [March 1, 2016]

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  "This report provides the results of recent elections in Latin America and the Caribbean. Below are three tables organized by region, including the date of each country's independence, the name of the newly elected president or prime minister, and the projected date of the next election. Information in this report was gathered from numerous sources, including the U.S. State Department, Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA's) World Fact Book, International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) Election Guide, Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), and other news sources."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2016-03-01
• American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics [January 2, 2015]

  Show summary     Open resource [pdf]     (open full abstract)

  "This report provides U.S. war casualty statistics. It includes data tables containing the number of casualties among American military personnel who served in principal wars and combat actions from 1775 to the present. It also includes data on those wounded in action and information such as race and ethnicity, gender, branch of service, and cause of death. The tables are compiled from various Department of Defense (DOD) sources. Wars covered include the Revolutionary War, the War of 1812, the Mexican War, the Civil War, the Spanish-American War, World War I, World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam Conflict, and the Persian Gulf War. Military operations covered include the Iranian Hostage Rescue Mission; Lebanon Peacekeeping; Urgent Fury in Grenada; Just Cause in Panama; Desert Shield and Desert Storm; Restore Hope in Somalia; Uphold Democracy in Haiti; and the ongoing Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), Operation New Dawn (OND), and Operation Inherent Resolve. For the more recent conflicts, starting with the Korean War, the report includes additional detailed information on types of casualties and, when available, demographics. It also cites a number of resources for further information, including sources of historical statistics on active duty military deaths, published lists of military personnel killed in combat actions, data on demographic indicators among U.S. military personnel, related websites, and relevant Congressional Research Service (CRS) reports."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.; Leland, Anne

  2015-01-02
• American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics [April 26, 2017]

  Show summary     Open resource [pdf]     (open full abstract)

  "This report provides U.S. war casualty statistics. It includes data tables containing the number of casualties among American military personnel who served in principal wars and combat operations from 1775 to the present. It also includes data on those wounded in action and information such as race and ethnicity, gender, branch of service, and cause of death. The tables are compiled from various Department of Defense (DOD) sources. [...] Starting with the Korean War and the more recent conflicts, this report includes additional detailed information on types of casualties and, when available, demographics. It also cites a number of resources for further information, including sources of historical statistics on active duty military deaths, published lists of military personnel killed in combat actions, data on demographic indicators among U.S. military personnel, related websites, and relevant Congressional Research Service (CRS) reports."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2017-04-26
• Defense Authorization and Appropriations Bills: FY1970-FY2013 [June 5, 2013]

  Show summary     Open resource [pdf]     (open full abstract)

  "The passage of the Department of Defense (DOD) authorization and appropriations bills through Congress often does not follow the course laid out in textbooks on legislative procedure. Tracking DOD authorization or appropriation bills can be confusing and time-consuming. This has been particularly true in recent years, when continuing resolutions (CRs) containing the DOD and other appropriation bills have been passed in lieu of the 12 regular appropriations bills for the entire U.S. government. This report is a research aid which lists the DOD authorization bills (Table 1) and appropriations bills (Table 2) for FY1970-FY2013. This report includes all the pertinent information on the passage of these bills through the legislative process: bill numbers, report numbers, dates reported and passed, recorded vote numbers and vote tallies, dates of passage of the conference reports with their numbers and votes, vetoes, substitutions, dates of final passage, and public law numbers. Key definitions are also included. This report will be updated as legislative activity warrants."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  DeBruyne, Nese F.

  2013-06-05