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Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties [March 28, 2013]
"U.S.-Russian trade is governed by Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974, which sets conditions on Russia's normal trade relations (NTR), or nondiscriminatory, status, including the 'freedom-ofemigration' requirements of the Jackson-Vanik amendment (Section 402). Changing Russia's trade status to unconditional NTR or 'permanent normal trade relations status (PNTR)' requires legislation to lift the restrictions of Title IV as they apply to Russia and authorize the President to grant Russia PNTR by proclamation. On November 16, 2012, the House passed (365-43), and on December 6, 2012, the Senate passed (92-4) H.R. 6156, which does just that, among other things. The legislation also included provisions--the Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act of 2012--that impose sanctions on individuals linked to the incarceration and death of Russian lawyer Sergei Magnitsky. H.R. 6156 also authorized PNTR status for Moldova. President Obama signed the legislation into law on December 14, 2012. PNTR for Russia became an issue for the 112th Congress because, on August 22, 2012, Russia joined the WTO after having completed a 19-year accession process. The WTO requires each member to accord newly acceding members 'immediate and unconditional' most-favored-nation (MFN) status, or PNTR. In order to comply with WTO rules, the United States had to extend PNTR to Russia."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, William H., 1949-
2013-03-28
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Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties [December 17, 2012]
"U.S.-Russian trade is governed by Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974, which sets conditions on Russia's normal trade relations (NTR), or nondiscriminatory, status, including the 'freedom-of-emigration' requirements of the Jackson-Vanik amendment (section 402). Changing Russia's trade status to unconditional NTR or 'permanent normal trade relations status (PNTR)' requires legislation to lift the restrictions of Title IV as they apply to Russia and authorize the President to grant Russia PNTR by proclamation. On November 16, 2012, the House passed (365-43), and on December 6, 2012, the Senate passed (92-4) H.R. 6156, which does just that, among other things. The legislation also included provisions-the Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act of 2012-that impose sanctions on individuals linked to the incarceration and death of Russian lawyer Sergei Magnitsky. H.R. 6156 also authorizes PNTR status for Moldova. President Obama signed the legislation into law on December 14, 2012. PNTR for Russia became an issue for the 112th Congress because, on August 22, 2012, Russia joined the WTO after having completed a 19-year accession process. The WTO requires each member to accord newly acceding members 'immediate and unconditional' most-favored-nation (MFN) status, or PNTR. In order to comply with WTO rules, the United States has to extend PNTR to Russia."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, William H., 1949-
2012-12-17
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Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties [November 20, 2012]
"U.S.-Russian trade is governed by Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974, which sets conditions on Russia's normal trade relations (NTR), or nondiscriminatory, status, including the 'freedom-of-emigration' requirements of the Jackson-Vanik amendment (section 402). Changing Russia's trade status to unconditional NTR or 'permanent normal trade relations status (PNTR)' requires legislation to lift the restrictions of Title IV as they apply to Russia and authorize the President to grant Russia PNTR by proclamation. On November 16, 2012, the House passed (365-43) H.R. 6156, which would do just that, among other things. A similar bill, S. 3406, awaits action in the Senate. Both bills include contain provisions of proposed legislation--the Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act of 2012--that would impose sanctions on individuals linked to the incarceration and death of Russian lawyer Sergei Magnitsky. Both bills would also authorize PNTR status for Moldova. PNTR for Russia has become an issue for the 112th Congress because, on August 22, 2012, Russia joined the WTO after having completed a 19-year accession process. The WTO requires each member to accord newly acceding members 'immediate and unconditional' most-favored-nation (MFN) status, or PNTR. In order to comply with WTO rules, the United States would have to extend PNTR to Russia, or invoke the non-application provision of the WTO."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, William H., 1949-
2012-11-20
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Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties [July 26, 2012]
"U.S.-Russian trade is governed by Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974, which sets conditions on Russia's normal trade relations (NTR), or nondiscriminatory, status, including the 'freedom-of-emigration' requirements of the Jackson-Vanik amendment (section 402). Changing Russia's trade status to unconditional NTR or 'permanent normal trade relations status (PNTR)' requires legislation to lift the restrictions of Title IV as they apply to Russia and authorize the President to grant Russia PNTR by proclamation. On July 19, 2012, the Senate Finance Committee marked-up and favorably reported S. 3406 to remove the application of Title IV to trade with Russia. S. 3406 also includes the text of S. 1039--the Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act of 2012--which had been reported out by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on July 23, 2012. On July 19, House Ways and Means Committee Chairman Dave Camp introduced H.R. 6156. It contains the same language as S. 3406 but does not include the Magnitsky Act provisions. On July 26, the Ways and Means Committee ordered H.R. 6156 to be reported favorably on a voice vote. PNTR for Russia has become an issue for the 112th Congress because, on December 16, 2011, the members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) invited Russia to join the organization, after Russia completed an 18-year accession process. Russia will formally join the WTO on August 22, 2012. The WTO requires each member to accord newly acceding members 'immediate and unconditional' most-favored-nation (MFN) status, or PNTR. In order to comply with WTO rules, the United States would have to extend PNTR to Russia, or invoke the non-application provision of the WTO."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, William H., 1949-
2012-07-26
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Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties [June 15, 2012]
"U.S.-Russian trade is governed by Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974, which conditions Russia's normal trade relations (NTR) status, including the 'freedom-of-emigration' requirements of the Jackson-Vanik amendment. On December 16, 2011, the 153 members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) invited Russia to join the organization, after Russia completed an 18-year accession process. The WTO requires each member to accord newly acceding members 'immediate and unconditional' most-favored-nation (MFN) status, which is called NTR in U.S. law. Russia is expected to formally join the WTO sometime in the summer after its parliament has approved the accession package, which is expected to occur sometime in early July. In order to comply with the WTO rule, the United States would have to change Russia's status from conditional NTR to unconditional or permanent NTR (PNTR). The change in Russia's trade status will require legislation to lift the restrictions of Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974 as they apply to Russia and authorize the President to grant Russia PNTR. On June 12, 2012, Senator Max Baucus, chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, introduced legislation (S. 3285) to remove the application of Title IV to trade with Russia. Therefore, Members of the 112th Congress confront the issue of whether to authorize PNTR for Russia. Some Members of Congress want to link congressional consideration of PNTR for Russia with S. 1039 and H.R. 4405-the Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act of 2012."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, William H., 1949-
2012-06-15
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Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties [June 13, 2012]
"U.S.-Russian trade is governed by Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974, which conditions Russia's normal trade relations (NTR) status, including the 'freedom-of-emigration' requirements of the Jackson-Vanik amendment. On December 16, 2011, the 153 members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) invited Russia to join the organization, after Russia completed an 18-year accession process. The WTO requires each member to accord newly acceding members 'immediate and unconditional' most-favored-nation (MFN) status which is called NTR in U.S. law. Russia is expected to formally join the WTO sometime in the summer after its parliament has approved the accession package which is expected to occur sometime in early July. In order to comply with the WTO rule, the United States would have to change Russia's status from conditional NTR to unconditional or permanent NTR (PNTR). The change in Russia's trade status will require legislation to lift the restrictions of Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974 as they apply to Russia and authorize the President to grant Russia PNTR. On June 12, 2012, Senator Max Baucus, Chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, introduced legislation to remove the application of Title IV to trade with Russia. Therefore, Members of the 112th Congress confront the issue of whether to authorize PNTR for Russia. Some Members of Congress want to link congressional consideration of PNTR for Russia with S. 1039 and H.R. 4405--the Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act of 2012."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, William H., 1949-
2012-06-13
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Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties [January 30, 2012]
"The change in Russia's trade status will require legislation to lift the restrictions of Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974 as they apply to Russia, which includes the 'freedom-of-emigration'
requirements of the Jackson-Vanik amendment. The process for Russia's accession has been completed. As a result, Members of the 112th Congress confront the issue of whether to grant Russia permanent normal trade relations (PNTR)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, William H., 1949-
2012-01-30
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Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties [November 4, 2011]
"The change in Russia's trade status will require legislation to lift the restrictions of Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974 as they apply to Russia, which includes the 'freedom-of-emigration' requirements of the Jackson-Vanik amendment. The process for Russia's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) is proceeding and may be completed soon. As a result, Members of Congress may confront the issue of whether to grant Russia permanent normal trade relations (PNTR) status during the 112th Congress."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, William H., 1949-
2011-11-04
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Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties [June 16, 2011]
"The change in Russia's trade status will require legislation to lift the restrictions currently applied to Russia under Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974, which includes the 'freedom-of-emigration' requirements of the Jackson-Vanik amendment. The process for Russia's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) is proceeding and may be completed soon. As a result, Members may confront the issue of whether to grant Russia permanent normal trade relations (PNTR) status during the 112th Congress. […] Granting Russia permanent normal trade relations (PNTR) status requires a change in law because Russia is prohibited from receiving unconditional and permanent NTR under Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974. This provision includes the so-called Jackson-Vanik amendment. Extension of PNTR has implications for Russia's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO). This report examines this legislative issue in the context of Russian accession to the WTO and U.S.-Russian economic ties."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, William H., 1949-
2011-06-16
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Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties [December 22, 2010]
"The change in Russia's trade status will require legislation to lift the restrictions currently applied to Russia under Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974, which includes the 'freedom-of-emigration' requirements of the Jackson-Vanik amendment. The process for Russia's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) is proceeding and may be completed soon. As a result, members may confront the issue of whether to grant Russia permanent normal trade relations (PNTR) status during the 112th Congress."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, William H., 1949-
2010-12-22
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Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties [February 24, 2010]
"The change in Russia's trade status will require legislation to lift the restrictions currently applied to Russia under Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974, which includes the 'freedom-of-emigration' requirements of the Jackson-Vanik amendment. On November 19, 2006, U.S. and Russian officials signed the bilateral agreement on Russia's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO). This step allowed Russia to move closer to acceding to the WTO. Members may confront the issue of whether to grant Russia PNTR [Permanent Normal Trade Relations] during the 111th Congress."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, William H., 1949-
2010-02-24
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Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties [January 4, 2008]
"At several meetings with Russian President Vladimir Putin, President George W. Bush stated that his administration will work with the Congress to grant Russia permanent 'normal trade relations' (PNTR) status. The change in Russia's trade status will require legislation to lift the restrictions currently applied to Russia under Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974, which includes the 'freedom-of-emigration' requirements of the Jackson-Vanik amendment. On November 19, 2006, U.S. and Russian officials signed the bilateral agreement on Russia's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO). This step allowed Russia to move much closer to acceding to the WTO. Members may confront the issue of whether to grant Russia PNTR during the second session of the 110th Congress. This report will be updated as events warrant."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, William H., 1949-
2008-01-04
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Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties [Updated July 18, 2006]
"At several meetings with Russian President Vladimir Putin, President George W. Bush stated that his administration will work with the Congress to grant Russia permanent 'normal trade relations' (PNTR) status. The change in Russia's trade status will require legislation to lift the restrictions currently applied to Russia under Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974, which includes the 'freedom-of-emigration' requirements of the Jackson-Vanik amendment. The Bush Administration requested the 108th Congress to act. Two bills were introduced in the Senate and one in the House but none of them received further congressional action. The second session of the 109th Congress may take up the issue. This report will be updated as events warrant."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, William H., 1949-
2006-07-18
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Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties [January 28, 2002]
"During his November 13-15, 2001 meetings with Russian President Vladimir Putin, President George W. Bush stated that his administration will work with the Congress to grant Russia permanent 'normal trade relations' (PNTR) status. The change in Russia's trade status will require legislation to lift the restrictions currently applied to Russia under Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974, which includes the 'freedom-of-emigration' requirements of the Jackson-Vanik amendment. Two bills have been introduced in the 107th Congress, H.R. [House Resolution] 3553 (Thomas) and S. 1861 (Lugar) to grant PNTR status to Russia. This report will be updated as events warrant."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, William H., 1949-
2002-01-28
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