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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated June 19, 2006]From the Summary: "Under the Administration's FY2006 foreign assistance request, U.S. aid to sub- Saharan Africa would continue to grow, due to sharp increases through the State Department's Global HIV/AIDS Initiative. Twelve 'focus countries' in Africa are benefiting substantially under this program. Assistance through the Child Survival and Development Assistance programs would decline, although the Foreign Operations Appropriations Act (P.L. [Public Law] 109-102) provides more than requested worldwide for these programs. Overall, non-food aid to Africa would total about $3.6 billion under the request, compared with an estimated $3.4 billion being allocated in FY2005...U.S. assistance finds its way to Africa through a variety of channels, including the USAID [U.S. Agency for International Development]-administered DA [Development Assistance] and Child Survival programs, food aid programs, and refugee assistance. The Peace Corps is expanding in Africa and plans to have about 2,700 volunteers there by the end of FY2005. The U.S. African Development Foundation makes small grants to African cooperatives, youth groups, and other self-help organizations. U.S. security assistance, though still far below levels seen in the 1980s, has increased in recent years, primarily because of U.S. support for African peacekeeping initiatives. The World Bank's International Development Association (IDA) is the principal multilateral channel for U.S. aid, but the United States also contributes to the African Development Bank and Fund, and to United Nations activities in Africa."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceDagne, Theodore S.2006-06-19
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated January 26, 2006]"Under the Administration's FY2006 foreign assistance request, U.S. aid to sub- Saharan Africa would continue to grow, due to sharp increases through the State Department's Global HIV/AIDS Initiative. Twelve 'focus countries' in Africa are benefitting substantially under this program. Assistance through the Child Survival and Development Assistance programs would decline, although the Foreign Operations Appropriations Act (P.L.109-102) provides more than requested worldwide for these programs. Overall, non-food aid to Africa would total about $3.6 billion under the request, compared with an estimated $3.4 billion being allocated in FY2005. […] USAID [United States Agency for International Development] reported on September 30, 2005, that in FY2005, the United States had provided $134.3 million in emergency assistance to Niger and surrounding countries, which have been stricken by drought and locust infestation. France's President Jacques Chirac announced on August 29 that France would propose a tax on air travel to fund additional aid to Africa. […] Some heads of state spoke favorably about the proposal, but some developing country delegates expressed concern that the new proposal was offered to draw attention away from the point that official development aid (ODA) was allegedly too low to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MGD). The Foreign Operations Appropriations Act (P.L. 109-102) was signed by President Bush on November 14, 2005. As in previous years, appropriations for most Africa-specific programs are not earmarked, but the legislation provides more than requested for major worldwide programs, suggesting that the Administration would have ample resources for funding its Africa assistance request."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceLangton, Danielle2006-01-26
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated October 25, 2005]"Under the Administration's FY2006 foreign assistance request, U.S. aid to sub- Saharan Africa would continue to grow, due to sharp increases through the State Department's Global HIV/AIDS Initiative. Twelve 'focus countries' in Africa are benefitting substantially under this program. Assistance through the Child Survival and Development Assistance programs would decline, although House and Senate versions of the Foreign Operations Appropriations (H.R. 3057) provide more than requested worldwide for these programs. Overall, non-food aid to Africa would total about $3.6 billion under the request, compared with an estimated $3.4 billion being allocated in FY2005. […] USAID [United States Agency for International Development] reported on September 30, 2005, that in FY2005, the United States had provided $134.3 million in emergency assistance to Niger and surrounding countries, which have been stricken by drought and locust infestation. France's President Jacques Chirac announced on August 29 that France would propose a tax on air travel to fund additional aid to Africa. The proposal would be made at the United Nations World Summit, expected to bring more than 170 heads of state and government to U.N. headquarters in New York, September 14-16. James Morris, head of the World Food Program, said on August 15 that additional food aid was needed for southern Africa, where food stocks were nearly exhausted in several countries due to drought. The House and Senate versions of the Foreign Operations Appropriations (H.R. 3057) were passed on June 28, 2005 and July 20, respectively. As in previous years, appropriations for most Africa-specific programs are not earmarked, but the legislation would provide more than requested for major worldwide programs, suggesting that the Administration would have ample resources for funding its Africa assistance request."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2005-10-25
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [May 10, 2005]"Under the Administration's FY2006 foreign assistance request, U.S. aid to sub- Saharan Africa would continue to grow, due to sharp increases through the State Department's Global HIV/AIDS Initiative. Twelve 'focus countries'in Africa are benefitting substantially under this program. Assistance through the Child Survival and Development Assistance programs would decline, but a new Transition Initiatives program would provide $95 million to Ethiopia and Somalia. Overall, non-food aid to Africa would total about $3.6 billion under the request compared with an estimated $3.4 billion being allocated in FY2005. […] USAID Administrator Andrew Natsios has testified that in FY2005, the aid program is emphasizing peace in Sudan, ending famine in Ethiopia, and combating HIV/AIDS. He has also stressed the importance of agricultural development. In a June 26, 2003 speech, President Bush described a 'partnership' with Africa including support for security and development. In August 2002, the Administration announced initiatives on access to potable water, clean energy, reducing hunger, and development and conservation in the Congo River basin. The initiatives are to make extensive use of public-private partnerships. As part of its counterterrorism efforts, the Administration has also launched initiatives to strengthen security forces in the Sahel region and in East Africa. The overall level of funding for aid to Africa remains a continuing subject of debate. Other issues include the eligibility of African countries for aid through the Millennium Challenge Account and U.S. support for the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD), an African initiative linking increased aid with policy reform."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2005-05-10
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated March 21, 2005]"Under the Administration's FY2006 foreign assistance request, U.S. aid to sub- Saharan Africa would continue to grow, due to sharp increases under the State Department's Global HIV/AIDS Initiative. Twelve 'focus countries' in Africa are benefitting substantially under this program. Assistance through the Child Survival and Development Assistance programs would decline, but a new Transition Initiatives program would provide $95 million to Ethiopia and Somalia. Overall, non-food aid to Africa would total about $3.6 billion under the request compared with an estimated $3.5 billion being allocated in FY2005. […] On March 16, 2005, the House passed its version of the FY2005 emergency supplemental appropriations (H.R. 1268), which includes $342.4 million for emergency humanitarian relief in Sudan's Darfur region and eastern Chad, $100 million more than requested by the Administration. The bill would also provide $37 million in peace implementation aid for southern Sudan; a requested $63 million for reconstruction programs in southern Sudan was not included. […] On March 11, 2005, the Commission for Africa, appointed by British Prime Minister Tony Blair, released a report calling for $25 billion in new annual aid for Africa, to be followed by an additional $25 billion increase if African countries improve their managerial and administrative capabilities. The Commission's proposals are expected to be taken up at the July 2005 G8 summit, which Blair will chair. […] Press reports during March indicated that Africa's nascent textile industry was facing mounting difficulties due to the January 1, 2005, expiration of the global textile quota system, rising competition from China, and the weakness of the dollar, which was cutting into profits."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2005-03-21
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated September 5, 2003]"Amounts requested by the Bush Administration for assistance to sub-Saharan Africa in FY2004 closely parallel amounts provided in FY2003. Child Survival and Health Assistance, combined with Development Assistance (DA), would total $1.041 billion under the FY2004 request, as compared with a projected $1.062 billion in FY2003. Foreign operations appropriations bills currently before Congress (H.R. 2800 and S. 1426) appear to provide enough funding worldwide to allow the Administration to fulfill its overall spending plans for Africa. A number of African countries would receive additional funding under the President's Global AIDS Initiative, and a few would also benefit under the Millennium Challenge Account proposal. […] The overall level of funding for aid to Africa remains a continuing subject of debate. Other issues include the eligibility of African countries for aid through the Millennium Challenge Account, and U.S. support for the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD), an African initiative linking increased aid with policy reform."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2003-09-05
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated July 22, 2003]"Amounts requested by the Bush Administration for assistance to Africa in FY2004 closely parallel amounts provided in FY2003. Child Survival and Health Assistance, combined with Development Assistance (DA), would total $1.041 billion under the FY2004 request, as compared with a projected $1.062 billion in FY2003. A number of African countries would receive additional assistance if the President's GlobalAIDS Initiative, to be administered by the Department of State, is funded by Congress. A few would also benefit if the Millennium Challenge Account proposal is approved. […] The overall level of funding for aid to Africa remains a continuing subject of debate. Other issues include the eligibility of African countries for aid through the Millennium Challenge Account, and U.S. support for the New Partnership for Africa's Development, an African initiative linking increased aid with policy reform."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2003-07-22
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated AMay 20, 2003]"Amounts requested by the Bush Administration for assistance to Africa in FY2004 closely parallel amounts provided in FY2003. Child Survival and Health Assistance, combined with Development Assistance (DA), would total $1.041 billion under the FY2004 request, as compared with a projected $1.062 billion in FY2003. A number of African countries would receive additional assistance if the President's Global AIDS Initiative, to be administered by the Department of State, is funded by Congress. A few would also benefit if the Millennium Challenge Account proposal is approved. […] During April and May 2003, the U.S. Agency for International Development published fact sheets on the U.S. response to emergencies in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Sudan, and Angola. To date in FY2003, the largest emergency expenditures have been $322 million to the combat the effects of drought in Ethiopia and $101 million to meet the complex emergency in Angola. On April 1, 2003, Andrew Natsios, Administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), testified that during the next five years, his agency would be 'renewing its leadership in agricultural development assistance.'"Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2003-05-20
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated April 11, 2003]"Amounts requested by the Bush Administration for assistance to Africa in FY2004 closely parallel amounts provided in FY2003. However, Africa would receive aid increases if the President's Global AIDS Initiative and the proposed Millennium Challenge Account are funded. […] On April 1, 2003, the House Committee on International Relations held a hearing on the U.S. response to famines in East Africa. Andrew Natsios, Administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), testified that over the next five years, his agency would be 'renewing its leadership in agricultural development assistance.' In March 2003, USAID issued fact sheets detailing U.S. emergency assistance being provided in response to droughts in Ethiopia and Eritrea; the food security crisis, partly related to HIV/AIDS, in southern Africa; and a complex emergency in Burundi involving ethnic strife and food shortages."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2003-04-11
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated February 28, 2003]"Amounts requested by the Bush Administration for assistance to Africa in FY2004 closely parallel amounts provided in FY2003. However, Africa would receive aid increases if the President's Global AIDS Initiative and the proposed Millennium Challenge Account are funded. […] On February 20, 2003, President Bush signed into law the FY2003 Omnibus Appropriations measure (H.J.Res. 2/P.L. 108-7), funding Africa-related foreign assistance programs. […] The President, in his January 28 State of the Union Message, announced a major new commitment of resources to the struggle against the international HIV/AIDS pandemic. As part of the commitment, a proposed Global AIDS Initiative, to be headquartered at the Department of State, would provide assistance to twelve African countries. […] Andrew Natsios, Administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), said on February 13 that his Agency would be restoring a focus on agricultural development, which had been diminished due to budget reductions in the 1980s. On January 17, the Administrator announced additional food aid for famine-stricken Ethiopia. In a speech at the Heritage Foundation on January 7, he said that apart from humanitarian assistance, U.S. aid should focus on 'good performers' with respect to democracy and governance reforms. The speech echoed findings of a major USAID report, 'Foreign Aid in the National Interest', released the same day."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2003-02-28
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated January 9, 2003]"The Bush Administration is requesting just over $1 billion in Development Assistance (DA) for sub-Saharan Africa for FY2003, as compared with an estimated $887 million going to the region in FY2002. The request for aid through the Economic Support Fund (ESF), however, has dropped to $77 million from estimated ESF assistance of $100 million in FY2002. […] On January 8, 2003, the U.S. Agency for International Development released a fact sheet stating that the United States had provided $266 million in humanitarian food aid in response to food shortages in southern Africa, as well as $198 million to meet shortages in the Horn of Africa. Sudan had received $40.1 million in food aid, and another $100 million had gone to Angola. For further information, see CRS [Congressional Research Service] Report RS21301, The Food Crisis in Southern Africa: Background and Issues. USAID Administrator Andrew Natsios, in a speech at the Heritage Foundation on January 7, said that apart from humanitarian assistance, U.S. aid should focus on 'good performers' with respect to democracy and governance reforms. The speech echoed findings of a major USAID [United States Agency for International Development] report, Foreign Aid in the National Interest, released the same day. On December 6, 2002, the U.S. Department of State issued a fact sheet listing 'performance indicators' for aid eligibility under the Millennium Challenge Account, a foreign assistance program that the Bush Administration proposes establishing as an independent corporation in FY2004, with funding to reach $5 billion annually by FY2006. Proposed indicators with respect to government effectiveness, corruption, and credit ratings, among others, brought speculation that few African countries would qualify. Press accounts had mentioned Ghana, Tanzania, Mozambique, and Senegal as possible recipients."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2003-01-09
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated December 3, 2002]"The Bush Administration is requesting just over $1 billion in Development Assistance (DA) for sub-Saharan Africa for FY2003, as compared with an estimated $887 million going to the region in FY2002. The request for aid through the Economic Support Fund (ESF), however, has dropped to $77 million from estimated ESF assistance of $100 million in FY2002. […] The level of funding and other aspects of these initiatives have become subjects of debate. Other issues in 2002 may include the eligibility of African countries to participate in the Administration's proposed Millennium Challenge Account, and U.S. support for the New Partnership for Africa's Development, an African initiative linking increased aid with policy reform. […] Press reports appearing on November 27, 2002, indicated that the Administration had clarified eligibility criteria for the Millennium Challenge Account, a foreign assistance program that would be established as an independent corporation. Under the proposal, the Millennium Challenge Corporation would be launched in FY2004 and funded at $5 billion annually by FY2006. Development grants would go to countries committed to good governance, transparency, and open markets. Press accounts mentioned Ghana, Tanzania, Mozambique, and Senegal as possible recipients in Africa. On November 25, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) announced a $20 million public-private partnership with Chevron Texaco for enterprise development in Angola; USAID and the oil company would each contribute $10 million over 5 years. In a November 15 report on the food security crisis in southern Africa, USAID reported that the United States has responded to date by providing $276 million in emergency humanitarian assistance, primarily food aid."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2002-12-03
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated October 24, 2002]"The Bush Administration is requesting just over $1 billion in Development Assistance (DA) for sub-Saharan Africa in FY2003, as compared with an estimated $887 million going to the region in FY2002. The request for aid through the Economic Support Fund (ESF), however, has dropped to $77 million from estimated ESF assistance of $100 million in FY2002. […] In an October 18, 2002 report on the food security crisis in southern Africa, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) reported that the United States has responded to date by providing $276 million in emergency humanitarian assistance, primarily food aid. […] The Foreign Operations Appropriations bill, a major vehicle for assistance to Africa, was reported to the House as H.R. 5410 on September 19. On August 29, the U.S. Under Secretary of State for Global Affairs, Paula Dobriansky, announced new aid initiatives, or 'signature partnerships,' intended to expand access to clean water and sanitation, promote clean energy use, cut hunger in Africa, and promote development and conservation in the Congo River basin. Dobriansky was speaking at the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg, South Africa."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2002-10-24
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated September 23, 2002]"The Bush Administration is requesting just over $1 billion in Development Assistance (DA) for sub-Saharan Africa in FY2003, as compared with an estimated $887 million going to the region in FY2002. The request for aid through the Economic Support Fund (ESF), however, has dropped to $77 million from estimated ESF assistance of $100 million in FY2002. […] U.S. assistance finds its way to Africa through a variety of channels, including the USAID-administered DA program, food aid programs, and indirect aid provided through international financial institutions and the United Nations. U.S. assistance through all such channels, though problematic to calculate, will probably total well above $2 billion in FY2002. […] USAID Administrator Andrew Natsios has testified that the Bush Administration is focusing on conflict prevention and resolution, working with NGOs [Non-Governmental Organizations] and faith-based organizations, poverty reduction, agricultural development, and health, including HIV/AIDS. In August 2002, at the World Summit on Sustainable Development, the Administration announced new initiatives on access to potable water, clean energy, reducing hunger, and development and conservation in the Congo River basin. The initiatives would make extensive use of public-private partnerships. The level of funding and other aspects of these initiatives have become subjects of debate. Other issues in 2002 may include the eligibility of African countries to participate in the Administration's proposed Millennium Challenge Account, and U.S. support for the New Partnership for Africa's Development, an African initiative linking increased aid with policy reform."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2002-09-23
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated August 30, 2002]"The Bush Administration is requesting just over $1 billion in Development Assistance (DA) for sub-Saharan Africa in FY2003, as compared with an estimated $887 million going to the region in FY2002. The request for aid through the Economic Support Fund (ESF), however, has dropped to $77 million from estimated ESF assistance of $100 million in FY2002. […] U.S. assistance finds its way to Africa through a variety of channels, including the USAID-administered DA program, food aid programs, and indirect aid provided through international financial institutions and the United Nations. U.S. assistance through all such channels, though problematic to calculate, will probably total well above $2 billion in FY2002. […] USAID Administrator Andrew Natsios has testified that the Bush Administration is focusing on conflict prevention and resolution, working with NGOs [Non-Governmental Organizations] and faith-based organizations, poverty reduction, agricultural development, and health, including HIV/AIDS. In August 2002, at the World Summit on Sustainable Development, the Administration announced new initiatives on access to potable water, clean energy, reducing hunger, and development and conservation in the Congo River basin. The initiatives would make extensive use of public-private partnerships. The level of funding and other aspects of these initiatives have become subjects of debate. Other issues in 2002 may include the eligibility of African countries to participate in the Administration's proposed Millennium Challenge Account, and U.S. support for the New Partnership for Africa's Development, an African initiative linking increased aid with policy reform."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2002-08-30
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated August 2, 2002]"'The Bush Administration is requesting just over $1 billion in Development Assistance (DA) for sub-Saharan Africa in FY2003, as compared with an estimated $887 million going to the region in FY2002. The request for aid through the Economic Support Fund (ESF), however, has dropped to $77 million from estimated ESF assistance of $100 million in FY2002. […] In a July 26, 2002 report on the food security crisis in southern Africa, the U.S. Agency for International Development reported that to date in FY2002, the United States has provided $144.6 million in emergency humanitarian assistance, primarily food aid, to the region. On June 27, the G-8 countries meeting in Canada pledged $6 billion in aid to African countries undertaking reforms in accordance with the New Partnership for Africa's Development [NEPAD]. Nigeria's President Olusegun Obasanjo, a NEPAD leader, said he was 'satisfied' with the pledge, but critics said it included little money that had not already been promised. President Bush, speaking at the Leon Sullivan Summit in Washington on June 20, promised to double U.S. aid for education in Africa, bringing total spending to $200 million over the next 5 years. The President also announced that he would visit Africa in 2003."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2002-08-02
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated June 13, 2002]"The Bush Administration is requesting just over $1 billion in Development Assistance (DA) for sub-Saharan Africa in FY2003, as compared with an estimated $887 million going to the region in FY2002. The request for aid through the Economic Support Fund (ESF), however, has dropped to $77 million from estimated ESF assistance of $100 million in FY2002. […] In a June 7, 2002 report on the food security crisis in southern Africa, the U.S. Agency for International Development reported that to date in FY2002, the United States has provided $52.7 million in emergency humanitarian assistance, primarily food aid, to the region. Treasury Secretary Paul O'Neill, speaking at a meeting of the African Development Bank in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia on May 29, 2002, said that boosting human productivity and promoting private sector development were key to sparking economic growth in Africa. O'Neill called for close measurement and monitoring of development assistance, and said that donors should insist on results. Ethiopia was the last stop in a four-nation Africa tour O'Neill had undertaken with Irish rock star Bono. At sites visited during the tour, the Treasury Secretary expressed concern over the lack of clean water and schoolbooks, corruption, and the HIV/AIDS pandemic."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2002-06-13
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated May 8, 2002]"The Bush Administration is requesting just over $1 billion in Development Assistance (DA) for sub-Saharan Africa in FY2003, as compared with an estimated $887 million going to the region in FY2002. The request for aid through the Economic Support Fund (ESF), however, has dropped to $77 million from estimated ESF assistance of $100 million in FY2002. […] U.S. assistance finds its way to Africa through a variety of channels, including the USAID-administered DA program, food aid programs, and indirect aid provided through international financial institutions and the United Nations. U.S. assistance through all such channels, though problematic to calculate, will probably total well above $2 billion in FY2002. […] USAID Administrator Andrew Natsios has testified that the Bush Administration is focusing on conflict prevention and resolution, working with NGOs [Non-Governmental Organizations] and faith-based organizations, poverty reduction, agricultural development, and health, including HIV/AIDS. The Clinton Administration pushed African recipients to undertake economic and political reforms, and placed increased emphasis on population and environmental programs. It also launched special Africa-related initiatives, including HIV/AIDS, democracy, and internet initiatives, as well as programs to promote African conflict resolution. Issues that might arise in 2002 include the overall level of funding and U.S. support for the New Partnership for African Development. This African initiative calls for intensified African efforts to eradicate poverty in exchange for debt relief, aid, and investment."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2002-05-08
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated March 29, 2002]"The Bush Administration is requesting just over $1 billion in Development Assistance (DA) for sub-Saharan Africa in FY2003, as compared with an estimated $887 million going to the region in FY2002. The request for aid through the Economic Support Fund (ESF), however, has dropped to $77 million from estimated ESF assistance of $100 million in FY2002. […] U.S. assistance finds its way to Africa through a variety of channels, including the USAID-administered DA program, food aid programs, and indirect aid provided through international financial institutions and the United Nations. U.S. assistance through all such channels, though problematic to calculate, will probably total well above $2 billion in FY2002. […] USAID Administrator Andrew Natsios has testified that the Bush Administration is focusing on conflict prevention and resolution, working with NGOs [Non-Governmental Organizations] and faith-based organizations, poverty reduction, agricultural development, and health, including HIV/AIDS. The Clinton Administration pushed African recipients to undertake economic and political reforms, and placed increased emphasis on population and environmental programs. It also launched special Africa-related initiatives, including HIV/AIDS, democracy, and internet initiatives, as well as programs to promote African conflict resolution. Issues that might arise in 2002 include the overall level of funding and U.S. support for the New Partnership for African Development. This African initiative calls for intensified African efforts to eradicate poverty in exchange for debt relief, aid, and investment."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2002-03-29
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated February 19, 2002]"The Bush Administration is requesting just over $1 billion in Development Assistance (DA) for sub-Saharan Africa in FY2003, as compared with an estimated $887 million going to the region in FY2002. The request for aid through the Economic Support Fund (ESF), however, has dropped to $77 million from estimated ESF assistance of $100 million in FY2002. […] U.S. assistance finds its way to Africa through a variety of channels, including the USAID [United States Agency for International Development]-administered DA program, food aid programs, and indirect aid provided through international financial institutions and the United Nations. U.S. assistance through all such channels, though problematic to calculate, will probably total well above $2 billion in FY2002. […] USAID Administrator Andrew Natsios has testified that the Bush Administration is focusing on conflict prevention and resolution, working with NGOs [Non-Governmental Organizations] and faith-based organizations, poverty reduction, agricultural development, and health, including HIV/AIDS. The Clinton Administration pushed African recipients to undertake economic and political reforms, and placed increased emphasis on population and environmental programs. It also launched special Africa-related initiatives, including HIV/AIDS, democracy, and internet initiatives, as well as programs to promote African conflict resolution. Issues that might arise in 2002 include the overall level of funding and U.S. support for the New Partnership for African Development. This African initiative calls for intensified African efforts to eradicate poverty in exchange for debt relief, aid, and investment."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2002-02-19
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Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues [Updated January 22, 2002]"The Bush Administration requested $789.4 million in Development Assistance (DA) for sub-Saharan Africa in FY2002, $4.2 million less than was provided in FY2001. However, the Foreign Operations Appropriations bill that became law (P.L. 107-115) on January 10, 2002, provides more than requested worldwide for the Child Survival and Health Fund portion of DA, suggesting that the Administration's Africa DA proposal will be met or exceeded. The appropriations legislation provides requested funding levels for the African Development Bank and the African Development Foundation. […] USAID [United States Agency for International Development] Administrator Andrew Natsios has testified that the Bush Administration is focusing on conflict prevention and resolution, working with NGOs and faith-based organizations, poverty reduction, agricultural development, and health, including HIV/AIDS. The Clinton Administration pushed African recipients to undertake economic and political reforms, and placed increased emphasis on population and environmental programs. It also launched special Africa-related initiatives, including HIV/AIDS, democracy, and internet initiatives, as well as programs to promote African conflict resolution."Library of Congress. Congressional Research ServiceCopson, Raymond W.2002-01-22
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