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Defense Primer: Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE) Process [Updated May 20, 2022]
From the Introduction: "Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE) is the Department of Defense (DOD) process for allocating resources among the armed services, defense agencies, and other components. The annual process serves as the framework for DOD civilian and military leaders to decide which programs and force management requirements to fund based on strategic objectives. This product describes a notional PPBE process from the perspective of the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD). In practice, aspects of the process may differ based on current events or leadership preferences. [...] The process is designed to produce DOD's portion of the President's annual budget request to Congress, as well as updates to the department's five-year spending plan, known as the Future Years Defense Program (FYDP). PPBE is one of DOD's three main acquisition-related decision support systems, along with the Joint Capabilities Integration and Development System (JCIDS) for developing requirements to address capability gaps and the Defense Acquisition System (DAS) for managing acquisition programs."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
McGarry, Brendan W.; Williams, Lynn M.
2022-05-20
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Defense Primer: Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE) Process [Updated December 22, 2021]
From the Introduction: "Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE) is the Department of Defense (DOD) process for allocating resources among the armed services, defense agencies, and other components. The annual process serves as the framework for DOD civilian and military leaders to decide which programs and force management requirements to fund based on strategic objectives. This product describes a notional PPBE process from the perspective of the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD). In practice, aspects of the process may differ based on current events or leadership preferences. DOD Directive 7045.14 states that PPBE serves as the annual resource allocation process for the department over a multi-year planning cycle. According to the directive, the objective of the process is 'to provide the DOD with the most effective mix of forces, equipment, manpower, and support attainable within fiscal constraints.' Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Instruction 3100.01E describes the process as the Secretary of Defense's 'institutional strategic planning system and the primary decision-making process for translating strategic guidance into resource allocation decisions.' The process is designed to produce DOD's portion of the President's annual budget request to Congress, as well as updates to the department's five-year spending plan known as the Future Years Defense Program (FYDP)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
McGarry, Brendan W.; Williams, Lynn M.
2021-12-22
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Defense Primer: Planning, Programming, Budgeting and Execution (PPBE) Process [Updated December 11, 2020]
From the Introduction: "Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE) is the Department of Defense (DOD) process for allocating resources. The annual process serves as the framework for DOD civilian and military leaders to decide which programs and force structure requirements to fund based on strategic objectives. This product describes the notional process from the perspective of the Office of the Secretary of Defense. In practice, aspects of the process can change based on current events or leadership preferences. DOD policy states that PPBE serves as the annual resource allocation process for the department over a multi-year planning cycle. According to DOD policy, the objective of the process is 'to provide the DOD with the most effective mix of forces, equipment, manpower, and support attainable within fiscal constraints.' Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Instruction describes the process as 'the Secretary of Defense's institutional strategic planning system' and the 'primary decision-making process for translating strategic guidance into resource allocation decisions.' The process is designed to produce DOD's portion of the President's annual budget request to Congress and updates to the department's five-year spending plan known as the Future Years Defense Program, or FYDP (sometimes pronounced 'fiddip'). The process is also one leg of a triad of acquisition-related decision support systems that includes the Joint Capabilities Integration and Development System (JCIDS) for developing requirements to address capability gaps and the Defense Acquisition System (DAS) for managing acquisition programs."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
McGarry, Brendan W.
2020-12-11
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Defense Primer: Planning, Programming, Budgeting and Execution (PPBE) Process [Updated January 27, 2020]
From the Introduction:"Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE) is the Department of Defense (DOD) process for allocating resources. The annual process serves as the framework for DOD civilian and military leaders to decide which programs and force structure requirements to fund based on strategic objectives. The department's Defense Acquisition University (DAU) defines PPBE in part as 'a formal, systematic structure for making decisions on policy, strategy, and the development of forces and capabilities to accomplish anticipated missions.' DOD Directive 7045.14 states the objective of PPBE 'is to provide the DOD with the most effective mix of forces, equipment, manpower, and support attainable within fiscal constraints.' The process is designed to produce DOD's portion of the President's annual budget request to Congress and updates to the department's five-year spending plan known as the Future Years Defense Program, or FYDP (pronounced 'fiddip'). The process is also one leg of a triad of acquisition-related decision support systems that includes the Joint Capabilities Integration and Development System (JCIDS) for developing requirements to address capability gaps and the Defense Acquisition System (DAS) for managing acquisition."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
McGarry, Brendan W.
2020-01-27
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Defense Primer: Planning, Programming, Budgeting and Execution (PPBE) Process [Updated November 30, 2018]
From the Introduction: "Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE) is an annual Department of Defense (DOD) process for allocating resources. It serves as the framework for DOD civilian and military leaders to decide which programs and force structure requirements to fund based on strategic objectives. The department's Defense Acquisition University (DAU) defines PPBE in part as 'a formal, systematic structure for making decisions on policy, strategy, and the development of forces and capabilities to accomplish anticipated missions.' DOD Directive 7045.14 states the objective of PPBE 'is to provide the DOD with the most effective mix of forces, equipment, manpower, and support attainable within fiscal constraints.' The process is designed to produce DOD's portion of the President's annual budget request to Congress and updates to the department's five-year spending plan known as the Future Years Defense Program, or FYDP (pronounced 'fiddip')."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
McGarry, Brendan W.; Peters, Heidi M.
2018-11-30
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Defense Primer: Planning, Programming, Budgeting and Execution Process (PPBE) [September 22, 2016]
From the Document: "The Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE) process is one leg of a triad that makes up the Defense Acquisition System (DAS), and serves as the primary mechanism for the Secretary of Defense to request, allocate, track and expend funds within the Department of Defense (DOD). The other two components of the DAS are the Acquisition process, which manages the development and procurement of DOD systems, and the Joint Capability Integration Development System (JCIDS), which is responsible for the requirements process. PPBE comprises five different fiscal year budget cycles at any given point in time (see Figure 1), and is further complicated by numerous federal, department, and agency-specific timelines, missions and priorities. In 1961, then-Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara created the Planning, Programming and Budgeting System (PPBS) to allocate DOD resources; the last revision to the process took place in 2003 and was renamed PPBE. Since then, the PPBE process has remained the system by which DOD manages its funding. On an annual basis, the military services (Army, Navy, Marine Corps and Air Force) and defense agencies submit to the Secretary of Defense (SECDEF) a Program Objective Memorandum (POM) that plans a five-year funding period. The Deputy SECDEF (DEPSECDEF) manages the PPBE on a day-to-day basis and provides overall leadership and oversight. The annual PPBE process provides the overall planning direction, develops the DOD POM, and creates a Budget Estimate Submission (BES) for years one and two of the POM."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Williams, Lynn M.
2016-09-22
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