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Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza and Pandemic Influenza MEOP Supplement
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) is a virulent type of Avian Influenza that spreads rapidly through flocks and kills most birds within 48 hours. This document provides planning guidance and outlines operational concepts for a HPAI or Pandemic Influenza outbreak in Minnesota.
Minnesota
2007-02-09
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Nevada Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response Plan: Annex to the Mass Illness Plan
"This Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response Plan is a guide on how to prepare, detect, and respond to an influenza pandemic in the state of Nevada. This plan is written in accordance with guidelines set forth by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and describes the emergency management concepts and structure under which the Nevada State Health Division (NSHD) may operate. The plan outlines the roles and strategies of NSHD in coordinating the public health response to a pandemic with local health authorities, the healthcare community, the federal government, and other key partners. Consistent with NSHD's mission 'to promote, preserve and protect the health of all Nevadans and visitors to the state through its leadership in public health and enforcement of laws and regulations pertaining to public health,' this plan provides a framework for NSHD pandemic influenza preparedness and response activities. The goal of these activities is to reduce the morbidity, mortality, and social and economic disruption caused by pandemic influenza. The plan is an annex to the NSHD Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) and is consistent with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Pandemic Influenza Plan, November 2005. Additionally, this plan may be utilized by local public health authorities as a guide for local pandemic influenza response. Finally, it may inform those who review it of the assumptions used for the development of this plan, the planning activities that must take place in developing a pandemic influenza response, the policies and authorities that regulate a pandemic influenza response and the appropriate actions that must be taken during each of the six phases of a pandemic."
Nevada. Health Division
2007-02-09
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Pandemic Influenza
This document briefly outlines the characteristics and challenges posed by pandemic influenza. "A pandemic is a global disease outbreak. An influenza pandemic occurs when a new influenza virus emerges for which there is little or no immunity in the human population, begins to cause serious illness and then spreads easily person-to-person worldwide."
North Dakota. Department of Health
2007-02-01?
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Airborne Infectious Disease Management: Methods for Temporary Negative Pressure Isolation
From the Introduction: "Hospital preparedness for bioterrorism and other public health emergencies such as emerging airborne infectious diseases requires strategic planning to ensure that all components of respiratory protection programs, including environmental controls, are in place for airborne infection isolation rooms (AIIRs). Hospitals have insufficient facilities to provide airborne infection isolation for large numbers of patients with airborne infectious diseases presenting in a short time period. However, AIIRs have been increased recently, due to requirements of National Bioterrorism Hospital Preparedness Program. [...] This guide will assist health care facility plant maintenance and engineering staff, in coordination with infection control professionals, to prepare for a natural or terroristic event, involving an infectious agent transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei. Examples of such agents include measles, varicella, and tuberculosis."
Minnesota. Department of Health
Anderson, Jeanne; Geeslin, Andrew; Streifel, Andrew
2007-02
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APHA's Prescription for Pandemic Flu
"APHA recommends key changes to the nation's strategy for preparing and responding to a flu pandemic to ensure the health and safety of all individuals. Among its top concerns is the need for additional resources for an already overburdened public health work force that may lack the resources to fully respond to a flu outbreak. Other needs include clear federal guidance on school closures, quarantine and occupational health in the event of a pandemic."
American Public Health Association
2007-02
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Akron Health Department Emergency Operations Plan: Disease Surveillance Annex
The purpose of the Disease Surveillance Annex is to provide for disease surveillance during an emergency/disaster area to ensure that public health is not compromised.
Akron (Ohio) Health Department
2007-02
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Community Strategy for Pandemic Influenza Mitigation
"This document provides interim planning guidance for State, territorial, tribal and local communities that focuses on several measures other than vaccination and drug treatment that might be useful during an influenza pandemic to reduce its harm. Communities, individuals and families, employers, schools, and other organizations will be asked to plan for the use of these interventions to help limit the spread of a pandemic, prevent disease and death, lessen the impact on the economy, and keep society functioning. This interim guidance introduces a Pandemic Severity Index to characterize the severity of a pandemic, provides planning recommendations for specific interventions that communities may use for a given level of pandemic severity, and suggest when these measures should be started and how long they should be used. The interim guidance will be updated when significant new information about the usefulness and feasibility of these approaches emerges."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services
2007-02
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Telework and Continuity of Operations (COOP)
This document looks at the advantages and technologies involved with telecommuting.
Homeland Defense Journal (Firm)
Philpott, Don
2007-02-01?
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Interim Pre-pandemic Planning Guidance: Community Strategy for Pandemic Influenza Mitigation in the United States
This document contains a comprehensive guide to pre-pandemic planning. It covers strategies and tactics designed to mitigate the effects of an outbreak.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2007-02
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Akron Health Department Emergency Operations Plan: Appendix B: Pandemic Influenza Plan
This annex describes the Akron Health Department's Emergency Operations Plan specific to pandemic influenza.
Akron (Ohio) Health Department
2007-02
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Interim Pre-pandemic Planning Guidance: Community Strategy for Pandemic Influenza Mitigation in the United States - Early, Targeted, Layered Use of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions
This document provides interim planning guidance for State, territorial, tribal, and local communities that focuses on several measures other than vaccination and drug treatment that might be useful during an influenza pandemic to reduce its harm. Communities, individuals and families, employers, schools, and other organizations will be asked to plan for the use of these interventions to help limit the spread of a pandemic, prevent disease and death, lessen the impact on the economy, and keep society functioning. This interim guidance introduces a Pandemic Severity Index to characterize the severity of a pandemic, provides planning recommendations for specific interventions that communities may use for a given level of pandemic severity, and suggests when these measures should be started and how long they should be used.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2007-02
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Federal and State Quarantine and Isolation Authority [Updated January 23, 2007]
From the Summary: "This report provides an overview of federal and state public health laws as they relate to the quarantine and isolation of individuals, a discussion of constitutional issues that may be raised should individual liberties be restricted in a quarantine situation, and federalism questions that may arise where federal and state authorities overlap. In addition, the possible role of the armed forces in enforcing public health measures is discussed, specifically whether the Posse Comitatus Act would constrain any military role, and other statutory authorities that may be used for the military enforcement of health measures."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Swendiman, Kathleen S.; Elsea, Jennifer
2007-01-23
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Pandemic Influenza: Appropriations for Public Health Preparedness and Response [January 23, 2007]
"The spread of H5N1 avian influenza ('flu') on three continents, and the human deaths it has caused, raise concern that the virus could morph and cause a global human pandemic. Congress has provided specific funding for pandemic flu preparedness since FY2004, including $6.1 billion in emergency supplemental appropriations for FY2006. These funds bolster related activities to prepare for public health threats, and to control seasonal flu. This report discusses appropriations for pandemic flu, primarily to the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and will be updated as needed."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Lister, Sarah A.
2007-01-23
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Pandemic Influenza: Local Preparedness [Presentation]
Presentation on pandemic influenza and how local organizations can prepare to mitigate an outbreak. Topics include characteristics of an influenza pandemic, planning challenges, the epidemiology of avian influenza, and clinical features of avian influenza.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. School of Public Health; The North Carolina Institute for Public Health
Weber, David J. (David Jay), 1951-
2007-01-18
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Early Warning Infectious Disease Surveillance (EWIDS)
"This document presents the summary findings and conclusions of the survey referred to in the title. In addition, the recommendations emanating from this document reflect the survey results and other information gleaned from interviews and interactions during the application of the survey. The purpose of this survey was to assess infectious disease surveillance, epidemiology and laboratory capacity along the U.S.-Mexico border for both routine and emergent public health issues. […] The goals of the survey were met. The resources that exist for infectious disease surveillance, epidemiology and laboratory functions were identified. Mechanisms for reporting both routine and emergent infectious diseases, as well as the personnel and agencies responsible for reporting, were documented. The systems in existence for infectious disease outbreaks and the coordination of investigations were described. Key personnel and systems responsible for infectious disease reporting, epidemiology, response and laboratory testing are listed in the Directory below. Surveys were distributed to personnel in agencies from the States of New Mexico, Texas and Chihuahua, Mexico, and medical providers located within this tri-state 'Border Region' responsible for infectious disease surveillance and epidemiology. Results of the analysis of the 43 survey respondents indicates there is currently limited binational coordination of epidemiology, surveillance, and reporting of infectious disease, but that many opportunities exist for improvement. The number of personnel adequately trained to conduct infectious disease investigation and control, and especially those with bilingual capability, is inadequate to meet epidemiology and surveillance demands. Nearly all respondents indicated that they are aware of required procedures for reporting infectious diseases found on the respective States' Notifiable Conditions lists and report accordingly."
New Mexico. Department of Health
2007-01-15
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Interventions to Mitigate the Reduced Ability and Willingness to Work of Health Care Workers During a Pandemic Influenza Public Health Emergency
From the Document: "Several widely publicized articles were released in the past two years which suggest that health care and public health employees may be unable or unwilling to report to work during a public health emergency involving contagion or contamination such as pandemic influenza, SARS [severe acute respiratory syndrome], smallpox, or a terrorist attack using disease or radiation: [1] A 2006 study of public health department workers, only 54% of those surveyed indicated that they would 'likely report to work' during a pandemic influenza outbreak. [2] In 2005 a national survey of pre-hospital care workers indicated that only 65% of EMTs [emergency medical technicians] were willing to report for duty during a smallpox outbreak. [3] Also in 2005, only 48% of health care workers in the greater New York City area reported that they were 'willing to work' during a widespread outbreak of SARS-like illness. Although a recurrence of pandemic influenza is inevitable, it was not until recently that there has been a very public acknowledgement of the impact it will potentially place upon society in terms of the delivery of medical care."
National Center for Disaster Preparedness
Garrett, Andrew L.; Gill, Kimberly
2007-01-12
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Managing an Infectious Disease Outbreak in a School
This document highlights a Tuscan School District incident that provides valuable insight for state and local health officials, school administrators, school nurses, teachers, families and students nationwide as they work to create and implement an all-hazards emergency management plan that includes partnerships with multiple agencies' response to infectious diseases of all magnitudes. Lessons learned include: revise district and school-based emergency management plans following and incident; implement an incident command system to identify roles and responsibilities; incorporate a communications component into the emergency management plan; establish a partnership with media before an event occurs; develop a continuity of operations (COOP) plan; plan for alternative school uses; and enlist staff familiar to families to support response and recovery efforts.
United States. Department of Education
2007
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Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response Guidance for Healthcare Workers and Healthcare Employers [2007]
"The guidance document is organized into four major sections: Clinical background information on influenza; Infection control; Pandemic influenza preparedness; and OSHA standards of special importance. Given the technical nature and breadth of information available in the document, each section has been subdivided (see Table of Contents) in order to allow readers to quickly focus on areas of interest. The document also contains appendices which provide pandemic planners with samples of infection control plans, examples of practical pandemic planning tools and additional technical information. Topic areas include Internet resources, communication tools, sample infection control programs, selftriage and home care resources, diagnosis and treatment of staff during a pandemic, planning and supply checklists and risk communication. This educational material has been provided for informational purposes only and should be used in conjunction with the entire document in order to ensure that healthcare workers are adequately protected during a pandemic. OSHA does not recommend one option over the many effective alternatives that exist. OSHA has prepared additional, general information to assist workplaces in their preparation for an influenza pandemic entitled, Guidance on Preparing Workplaces for an Influenza Pandemic which is available at www.osha.gov."
United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
2007
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SFDPH Isolation and Quarantine Plan
This presentation details San Francisco Department of Public Health's isolation and quarantine plan and its relevance to business owners in the city. The PowerPoint lists diseases requiring quarantine and the possible effect this would have on the private sector.
San Francisco (Calif.). Department of Public Health
Cardenas, Celina
2007-01-01?
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World Health Report 2007: A Safer Future, Global Public Health Security in the 21st Century
"The World Health Report 2007 is dedicated to promoting global public health security - the reduced vulnerability of populations to acute threats to health. This year's World Health Day, celebrated in April, launched WHO's discussion on global public health security. Around the world, academics, students, health professionals, politicians and the business community are engaged in dialogue on how to protect the world from threats like pandemic influenza, the health consequences of conflict and natural disasters, and bioterrorism. The World Health Report 2007 addresses these issues, among others, in the context of new tools for collective defence, including, most notably, the revised International Health Regulations (2005). These Regulations are an international legal instrument designed to achieve maximum security against the international spread of diseases. They also aim to reduce the international impact of public health emergencies."
World Health Organization
2007
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Privacy & Pandemic Flu Guide
"The Privacy and Pandemic Flu Guide is designed to aid public health professionals when privacy concerns are raised about activities related to pandemic flu planning and response. The guide describes four steps that will walk a public health professional through an analysis of the activities. The guide was developed as a result of a May 2007 discussion among a small group of experts in privacy and preparedness. This guide is intended to be a dynamic document, and it is hoped that feedback from the field on its utility will inform future iterations. In recent years, much attention has been given to public health legal preparedness, including emergency powers and quarantine and isolation implementation. Public health legal preparedness also involves awareness of federal and state laws that relate to the collection, protection, use, and disclosure of information during public health emergency planning and response. In May 2007, ASTHO convened a group of subject matter experts to discuss privacy issues related to pandemic flu preparedness and response. The group was made of representatives from ten public health jurisdictions, as well as the private sector, national organizations, and federal agencies. This guide is a product of that discussion. It is designed to support public health professionals in protecting the public's health while balancing the need to protect information from wrongful or harmful disclosure."
Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (U.S.)
2007
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Law Enforcement Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Checklist
This checklist from Seattle & King County's Public Health department provides guidance for law enforcement agencies in developing and improving influenza pandemic response and preparation plans. LLIS Core Capability: Community Preparedness Please Note: This record has been imported to the HSDL as part of the LLIS Consolidation project and has not yet been reviewed by HSDL staff. Some information may be incomplete, missing, or inaccurate. For more information on the LLIS Consolidation project, please see here: [http://www.hsdl.org/?llis]
Seattle and King County Department of Public Health
2007-01-01?
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Ethical Considerations in Developing a Public Health Response to Pandemic Influenza
"The purpose of this document is to assist social and political leaders at all levels who influence policy decisions about the incorporation of ethical considerations into national influenza pandemic preparedness plans (for link to national plans see Annex). The document focuses on priority setting and equitable access to resources, restriction of individuals' movements as a result of non-pharmaceutical interventions (including isolation of cases, quarantine of contacts, and limitation of social gatherings), the respective obligations of health-care workers and their employers and governments, and the obligations of countries vis-à-vis each other. Key ethical principles emphasized include equity, utility/efficiency, liberty, reciprocity, and solidarity. The document also addresses the need for transparent and timely sharing of information to improve evidence-based policy design and facilitate public engagement in the decision-making process. This document addresses issues related to public health, primarily those likely to arise during the pandemic alert period and the pandemic period (see Glossary). Since specific decisions will depend on local circumstances and cultural values, it will be necessary to adapt this global guidance to the regional and country-level context, with full respect to the principles and laws of international human rights."
World Health Organization
2007
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Financial Services Sector Coordinating Council; 2006 Annual Report
The finance and banking industry is critically for the operations within and without the United States and provides a potential target for terrorist organizations. Keeping the financial sector operating whether it be terrorists, power outages or pandemic flu requires a well coordinated strategy among the principle organizations. This report identifies the risks and strategy for keeping the financial sector operating in times when its continuity could be compromised.
Financial Services Sector Coordinating Council
2007
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Influenza Pandemic Preparedness in Ireland: Joint Assessment Report, 2007
This report was created "to support national Irish authorities in jointly evaluating and improving the status of pandemic influenza preparedness in Ireland, including the interoperability of its plans with other countries in Europe" and to evaluate the current status of preparedness for influenza. The report has a special focus on "strengths of pandemic influenza preparedness and areas where further work is needed and specific steps for improvement and areas where support from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and other organizations may be requested. The end product is an agreed recommended action list for improvement and a follow-up programme which also clarifies the further support needed from the ECDC."
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
2007
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Talking To Your Patients About Pandemic Flu
This guide summarizes common questions and concerns patients may have about a pandemic flu outbreak.
Johns Hopkins University
2007
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Blue Cascades IV: Critical Infrastructure and Pandemic Preparedness
"Participants in the BLUE CASCADES IV tabletop exercise held January 26, 2007 in Seattle, WA, reconvened on June 5 at the WaMu Center in Seattle for a Puget Sound Partnership Quarterly Meeting and to develop a pandemic resilience Action Plan based on the exercise results. After hearing updates on state, local and regional federal infrastructure security activities, attendees participated in breakout group sessions to discuss the exercise findings and recommendations and identify and prioritize projects and other activities to address them. […] Topics for the breakout sessions were: Understanding vulnerabilities, consequences, and interdependencies-related impacts/communications and critical IT reliability, resilience and security; Cross-jurisdiction, cross-sector coordination, cooperation and information-sharing/roles and responsibilities; Response, recovery and reconstitution challenges/business continuity and supply chain assurance, and Public information, the media/education and training. Each breakout group had a public and private co-moderator who reported the outcome of their respective breakout group deliberations and recommended projects to the collective participants. Participants further revised and finalized them for the Action Plan, noting whether they were short-term activities (less than a year in duration), medium-term (two years), or longer-term. It was determined that lead organizations for each identified activity would be determined after the Action Plan was finalized. The top priority identified was the development of a regional holistic pandemic resilience strategy for which key stakeholders with local, state, federal agency partners would develop detailed requirements and then implement. Workshop participants also called for creation of various working groups and subgroups within the Puget Sound Partnership to focus on 'low hanging fruit' activities and to hold further workshops and targeted exercises to explore pandemic preparedness and management challenges."
Puget Sound Partnership for Regional Infrastructure Security; Pacific NorthWest Economic Region (Organization)
2007
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Are You Ready? Implementing the National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza: Full Hearing Before the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, Second Session, Mary 16, 2006
From the opening statement of John Linder: "The pillars that are laid out in the President's implementation plan are a good start. We need to ensure plans are being made for a potential pandemic everywhere, and what every American should be doing, and how the Federal Government will help them. Communication of rules and responsibility is very important. We need to have the most effective surveillance tools to detect possible outbreaks, and we must be able to quickly respond and hopefully contain the spread of any outbreak. I look forward to the testimony of our witnesses as they lay out their respective roles for preparing for potential pandemic. We need to be able to separate fact from fiction and make the public more confident that we will be ready in the case of a influenza pandemic." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Peter T. King, Donna M. Christensen, Peter A. DeFazio, Norman D. Dicks, Bob Etheridge, John Linder, Eleanor Holmes-Norton, Mike Rogers, Rob Simmons, John Agwonubi, John Clifford, Jeffrey W. Runge, Peter F. Verga.
United States. Government Printing Office
2007
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Pandemic Influenza Preparedness in the Financial Services Sector: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Financial Services U.S. House of Representatives. One Hundred Ninth Congress. Second Session. June 29, 2006.
From the opening statement of Sue W. Kelly: "This morning, we will discuss the state of preparedness in the financial services sector for an influenza pandemic. We are all aware of growing awareness and concern over bird flu and its potential development into a global pandemic. The term 'bird flu' is used for a type of influenza common among wild birds and easily transmitted to domestic fowl, and as such, is a major concern to the poultry industry. In its present genetic form, it can be transmitted from birds or other host animals to humans, and can cause very serious illness and death. It is a most critical health concern, however, with its potential problem to mutate into a form that could readily pass from human to human. Should this mutation occur and should the disease then spread widely throughout the globe, we would face a true pandemic, something we have not dealt with in this country since 1918. Presently, the H5N1 strain of the avian flu has not become a pandemic. It has, however, cropped up in humans in various locations, primarily in Asia." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Edwin J. Collins, Gregory J. Ferris, Robert Gleeson, Scott D. Parsons, Edward L. Yingling, and Andrew J. Cataldo.
United States. Government Printing Office
2007
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Protecting the Homeland: Fighting Pandemic Flu from the Front Lines: Joint Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Prevention of Nuclear and Biological Attack Joint With the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Science, and Technology of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, Second Session, February 8, 2006
"The subcommittees are meeting today to hear testimony on protecting the homeland in fighting pandemic flu on the frontlines. I would like to welcome and thank our distinguished panel of witnesses for appearing today before this joint hearing of these two subcommittees. Imagine this scenario. On September 29, seven deaths were reported in Washington. By October 2, there had been a total of 35. By the middle of October, 60 to 90 people were dying each day. By then, the city's commissioners had taken drastic steps, first closing the schools, then prohibiting any large indoor public gatherings, including church services. The Red Cross nurses were caring for the sick, who were flooding area hospitals, or worse, suffering unattended in their homes. Disposal of bodies became a particular problem. On October 12, the U.S. Capitol shut its door to visitors. Ladies and gentlemen, this is an account of life in the fall of 1918 here in Washington, D.C., reported in The Washington Post. The United States, like most of the rest of the world, was gripped with a pandemic of Spanish influenza. With over 50 million deaths worldwide, it was the third-largest epidemic in recorded history, and the largest since the Middle Ages. Today, the possibility exists that the world may face yet another deadly outbreak, this time from an avian influenza strain known as H5N1. While the virus has not yet evolved into a form easily transmissible between humans, should it acquire that capability, it is similar to the 1918 pandemic."
United States. Government Printing Office
2007
