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COVID-19 Technical Brief for Maternity Services
From the Background: "The UNFPA [United Nations Population Fund] response to the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease] pandemic within maternity care involves a 3-pronged approach: 1. Protect maternity care providers and the maternal health workforce; 2. Provide safe and effective maternity care to women; 3. Maintain and protect maternal health systems. Detailed practical recommendations across these 3 prongs are outlined for antenatal care, intrapartum and postnatal care. The aim of these recommendations is to provide interim guidance to reduce the risk of infection from the mother/newborn to the maternity care provider and from the maternity care provider to mother/newborn in the immediate clinical care situation."
United Nations Population Fund
Axelrod, Nicolas
2020-04
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Estimated Employment Impacts of COVID-19 on Northern California
From the Document: "In this report, The Center for Business and Policy Research makes an initial projection of the impact of the COVID‐19 [coronavirus disease] pandemic on payrolls and unemployment for metropolitan areas across the Northern California Megaregion. The projection is built up from estimates of layoffs by occupation, applied to data on occupational employment in each metro area, with further adjustments for self‐employment and commuting patterns to generate local estimates of unemployment. For California, we estimate a loss of 3.86 million jobs and an unemployment rate of 18.8% by May 2020. The overall Northern California megaregion is projected to peak at 17.7% unemployment, more than a full percentage point lower than the statewide average. We also project an additional 2.2 million California jobs are seeing a significant reduction in hours, meaning that over 6 million California jobs will be significantly impacted by COVID‐19."
University of the Pacific. Eberhardt School of Business
Michael, Jeff; Pogue, Thomas E.
2020-04
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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Information for Pediatric Healthcare Providers
From the Document: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic is changing rapidly and continues to affect communities across the United States differently. Some of the strategies used to slow the spread of disease in communities include postponing or cancelling non-urgent elective procedures and using telemedicine instead of face-to-face encounters for routine medical visits. Ensuring the delivery of newborn and well-child care, including childhood immunization, requires different strategies. Healthcare providers in communities affected by COVID-19 are using strategies to separate well visits from sick visits. [...] Because of personal, practice, or community circumstances related to COVID-19, some providers may not be able to provide well child visits, including provision of immunizations, for all patients in their practice. If a practice can provide only limited well child visits, healthcare providers are encouraged to prioritize newborn care and vaccination of infants and young children (through 24 months of age) when possible. CDC [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] is monitoring the situation and will continue to provide guidance."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2020-04-01
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Mitigating the Adverse Effects of COVID-19 on Your Business: Lessons Learnt from China
From the Introduction: "In this article, we aim to provide an overview of successful practices companies adopted to safeguard their employees and operations in China. We will also look at what leaders did to prepare their business for the months ahead, and how they plan to assess long-term consequences. Finally, we want to show that this crisis also presents an opportunity for companies to seize upon. We have gathered insights from companies and other stakeholders of China's business ecosystem, practices shared by colleagues, partners, and customers, as well as our observations and recommendations based on our own experience on the ground in China. Hopefully, these observations and best practices serve you to provide some guidance during these challenging times."
IoT ONE
2020-04
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Strengthening the Health System Response to COVID-19: Recommendations for the WHO European Region
From the Document: "The early experience in countries with large-scale community transmission (China, Iran, Italy and Spain) shows that COVID-19 [coronavirus disease] requires unprecedented mobilization of health systems. By acting urgently, countries that have not yet entered community transmission may have a narrow opportunity to slow transmission and prepare their health systems to mitigate the impact of the outbreak. This note summarizes recommendations to strengthen the health system response to COVID-19 in the WHO [World Health Organization] European Region, to break chains of transmission and to diagnose and treat cases while maintaining essential services. The 16 recommendations reflect the characteristics of COVID-19, existing evidence and experience-informed practices in health system organization and financing, and emergent practices in the response to COVID-19 within the Region and globally."
World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe
2020-04-01
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Officer Wellness During a Global Pandemic: Long Term Recommendations for Police Leaders as They Navigate the Aftermath of COVID-19
From the Introduction: "[D]ue to the nature of police work, specifically the need for officers to violate national guidelines on social distancing to carry out their critical functions, members of law enforcement are likely at higher risk of exposure than many others in the public, save for front-line medical staff. [...] Painfully, the cost of this global pandemic on the law enforcement community will not stop at the direct loss of officer lives. Based on medical professionals' experiences with other illnesses like SARS [severe acute respiratory syndrome], there is some indication that those who contract this illness and survive may still have longer lasting health complications, particularly with their respiration. While this suggestion will require additional time and evidence to prove, the lasting emotional and psychological toll of the pandemic on the law enforcement community is certain as more officers become ill and others come face-to-face with the human toll of the disease. The issue of officer wellness will never be more important than in the coming months."
Center for Public Safety Initiatives
Drake, Gregory; Altheimer, Irshad
2020-04
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Recommendations to Member States to Improve Hand Hygiene Practices to Help Prevent the Transmission of the COVID-19 Virus
From the Document: "Member States to improve hand hygiene practices widely to help prevent the transmission of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease] virus by: 1. Providing universal access to public hand hygiene stations and making their use obligatory on entering and leaving any public or private commercial building and any public transport facility. 2. Improving access to hand hygiene facilities and practices in health care facilities."
World Health Organization
2020-04-01
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RAND Critical Care Surge Response Tool: An Excel-Based Model for Helping Hospitals Respond to the COVID-19 Crisis
From the Document: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease] pandemic is placing extraordinary strains on the U.S. medical system, most especially hospitals. Hospitals are searching for ways to ramp up their surge capacity to provide critical care for the sickest COVID-19 patients. A team of RAND researchers undertook a quick-turn-around study to examine a range of strategies for creating critical care surge capacity in the nation's hospitals. As a part of the project, they developed a user-friendly, Microsoft Excel- based tool that allows decisionmakers at all levels--hospitals, health care systems, states, regions--to estimate current critical care capacity and rapidly explore strategies for increasing it."
RAND Corporation
Abir, Mahshid; Nelson, Christopher; Chan, Edward W. . . .
2020-04
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Executive Order in Response to COVID-19: (COVID-19 Executive Order No. 17)
From the Webpage: "WHEREAS, I, JB Pritzker, Governor of Illinois, declared all counties in the State of Illinois as a disaster area on March 9, 2020 (First Gubernatorial Disaster Proclamation) in response to the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). "
Illinois. Executive Department.
Pritzker, Jay Robert
2020-04-01
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IAFC Guidance on Public Safety Communications and 9‐1‐1 Centers During COVID‐19 Pandemic
From the Document: "During the coronavirus pandemic, it is critical that departments evaluate their communications posture and take steps to ensure the right resources, mitigation strategies, and tools are in place to manage uncertainties. Innovative thinking and rapid adaptation of procedures will enable departments to safeguard themselves and their communications during the outbreak. Based on input from the IAFC's [International Association of Fire Chiefs] Communications Committee, the association recommends that departments SCREEN, PLAN, and REEVALUATE as they prep their communications for the demands of the public health emergency."
International Association of Fire Chiefs
2020-04
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COVID-19 Models: Forecasting the Pandemic's Spread
From the Document: "With our evolving understanding of the details of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease] infection and transmission, the impact of social-distancing measures and other factors, hospitals and health systems face complex forecasting challenges. A growing number of models have been developed by health care systems, academic institutions, consulting firms and others to help forecast COVID-19 cases and deaths, medical supply needs, including ventilators, hospital beds and intensive care unit (ICU) beds, timing of patient surges and more. We recognize that all forecasting is imperfect and that models often change as data are revised to reflect evolving conditions in the population. The American Hospital Association (AHA) offers this resource in response to members' interest in tools and resources that can help them make decisions that are consistent with their organizations' values and community needs."
American Hospital Association
2020-04
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COVID-19: Partnering to Address COVID-19 in Under an Hour
From the Document: "During the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease] pandemic, hospitals and health systems are challenged with a limited supply of screening/testing kits as well as a lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) for staff, ventilators, respirators, space, etc. Hospitals cannot adequately respond to these challenges alone. You will need to collaborate, and quickly, with stakeholders in the health care field and beyond to leverage your collective resources, skills and expertise. This three-step guide provides strategic considerations to form partnerships during the COVID-19 pandemic. In less than an hour, think through what you should be collaborating on, who your partners should be, and how you can work together to combat COVID-19."
American Hospital Association
2020-04
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Cleaning and Disinfection for Community Facilities
From the Purpose: "This guidance provides recommendations on the cleaning and disinfection of rooms or areas occupied by those with suspected or with confirmed COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019]. It is aimed at limiting the survival of SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2] in key environments. These recommendations will be updated if additional information becomes available. These guidelines are focused on community, non-healthcare facilities such as schools, institutions of higher education, offices, daycare centers, businesses, and community centers that do, and do not, house persons overnight. These guidelines are not meant for cleaning staff in healthcare facilities or repatriation sites, households, or for others for whom specific guidance already exists."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2020-04-01
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Interim Guidance: Supportive Supervision for Volunteers Providing Mental Health and Psychosocial Support During COVID-19
From the Introduction: "During outbreaks of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease], the Red Cross and Red Crescent volunteers provide services to those affected. Those impacted by the pandemic may face an array of distress because of the ongoing situation. Red Cross and Red Crescent volunteers are providing crucial mental health and psychological support (MHPSS) to those who are isolated, who have lost loved ones, and who are fighting loneliness and feelings of anxiousness and feelings of depression. Volunteers are impacted by COVID-19 like everyone else worldwide. They worry about being stigmatized by family and community members, fear contracting the virus, having to be in isolation or quarantine, losing colleagues etc. Volunteers may also be affected by witnessing the death of someone they supported or be exhausted by having challenging tasks. To effectively care for and support volunteers involved in a COVID-19 response and to ensure that high quality MHPSS is being provided to the community, National Societies must establish robust volunteer care system, one that includes supportive supervision, to enhance their safety and psychosocial well-being."
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
2020-04?
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Mental Health and Psychosocial Considerations: Key Actions for National Societies on Caring for Volunteers in COVID-19
From the Introduction: "Volunteers are impacted by COVID-19 [coronavirus disease] like everyone else worldwide. They worry about being stigmatized by family and community members, fear contracting the virus, having to be in isolation or quarantine, losing colleagues etc. Volunteers may also be affected by witnessing the death of someone they supported or be exhausted by having challenging tasks. To effectively care for and support volunteers involved in a COVID-19 response, National Societies must establish robust volunteer care system to enhance their safety and psychosocial well-being. If not adequately supported, volunteers may experience stress responses that could have a long-term negative impact on their psychological well-being. How volunteers cope with the impact of stressors related to corona virus responses will depend on their personal resources and resilience as well as the supports at home, in the community and organization. Furthermore, if not supported poor performance, high turnover and disillusionment among volunteers are to be expected. This guidance note is a quick reference tool for National Societies to provide effective care and support to volunteers during the different phases of a COVID-19 response."
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
2020-04
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Shielding High-Risk Populations from COVID-19 [video]
From the Webpage: "This first webinar in the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease] & Humanitarian Settings series on shielding high risk populations against COVID-19 featured Francesco Checchi, Professor of Epidemiology and International Health at LSHTM [London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine], David Skinner, Save the Children Team Leader for the Rohingya Response, and was moderated by Paul Spiegel, Director of the Johns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Health and Professor at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. The webinar presented a range of guiding principles for protecting the most vulnerable from COVID infection in a safe and dignified manner until COVID can be controlled or a vaccine/treatment options become available."
Johns Hopkins Center for Public Health Preparedness
Checchi, Francesco; Skinner, C. David; Spiegel, Paul B.
2020-04-01
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Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Healthcare Settings
From the Document: "Key Concepts in This Guidance: [1] Limit how germs can enter the facility. Cancel elective procedures, use telemedicine when possible, limit points of entry and manage visitors, screen patients for respiratory symptoms, encourage patient respiratory hygiene using alternatives to facemasks (e.g., tissues to cover cough). [2] Isolate symptomatic patients as soon as possible. Set up separate, well-ventilated triage areas, place patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] in private rooms with door closed and private bathroom (as possible), prioritize AIIRs [airborne infection isolation room] for patients undergoing aerosol-generating procedures. [3] Protect healthcare personnel. Emphasize hand hygiene, install barriers to limit contact with patients at triage, cohort COVID-19 patients, limit the numbers of staff providing their care, prioritize respirators and AIIRs for aerosol-generating procedures, implement PPE [personal protective equipment] optimization strategies to extend supplies."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2020-04-01
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Academy Policies and Procedures in Time of Pandemic
From the Document: "Policies and Procedures being used nationwide to address the challenges of managing a public safety academy during the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease] emergency."
International Association of Directors of Law Enforcement Standards and Training
2020-04-01
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Unemployment, Health Insurance, and the COVID-19 Recession
From the Introduction: "The sharp reduction in US economic activity associated with public health efforts to slow the spread of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease] virus is likely to result in millions of Americans losing their jobs and livelihoods, at least temporarily. The global economy is likely already in recession. Economic forecasts suggest that job losses in the second quarter of 2020 could exceed those experienced during the Great Recession. Whereas the monthly U.S. unemployment rate peaked at 10.0 percent in October 2009, Morgan Stanley forecasts unemployment to rise to 12.8 percent in the coming months, and the head of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis predicts it could rise as high as 30 percent in the second quarter. During the week ending March 21, 3.3 million workers filed initial claims for unemployment insurance, up from 211,000 claims just two weeks earlier. Adding insult to injury, many Americans who lose their jobs during this health and economic crisis could also lose their health insurance."
Urban Institute; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Gangopadhyaya, Anuj; Garrett, Bowen
2020-04
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Military, Policing, and COVID-19
From the Executive Summary: "Already today, the U.S. armed forces are providing important help here at home in the struggle against the novel coronavirus. Well over 10,000 members of the Army National Guard and Air Force National Guard have been mobilized to help with things like setting up more hospital capacity, transporting supplies, and providing other logistics. Other personnel, some retired, who have 'Individual Ready Reserve' status are in some cases being activated when their particular skills in medicine or other crucial fields can help. They are typically doing so under what is called Title 32 of the U.S. code, whereby they are paid by the federal government but controlled by the governors of the individual states where they operate. We need to prepare for a much larger, and more fraught, potential role for the American armed forces in this crisis as well. In short, they may need to backstop and backfill certain police forces. With 15% of the New York Police Department recently reporting sick due to COVID-19, self-quarantining measures, and other ailments -- and even higher absentee rates reported in places like Detroit -- hard-hit communities may soon need major assistance with tasks like patrolling streets, enforcing restrictions on movement, deterring crime, defusing situations of domestic violence, and sometimes arresting suspects. Such police work is legal for the National Guard, though not the active-duty military, under the 1878 Posse Comitatus law."
Brookings Institution
Allen, John R., 1953-; Donohue, John; Fuentes, Rick . . .
2020-04
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Korean Democracy in Times of Coronavirus
From the Document: "The Covid-19 [coronavirus disease] pandemic has laid bare a series of troublesome truths, both about healthcare infrastructures in Western nations and the state of their democracies. The quarantine they prescribed, albeit after periods of irresoluteness, drew embarrassing parallels to measures taken by China just a few weeks earlier. Social life has come to a near standstill without citizens being given a chance to deliberate, as procedures were discussed for the most part in closed-door meetings between the executive branch and appointed experts: the White House Coronavirus Task Force in the United States, the Scientific Council of France, etc. The general public has been hardly more involved in the West than in China. In contrast, South Korea has thus far been the only significantly affected country to contain the spread of Covid-19 'without shutting itself down or compromising even temporarily democratic institutions.'"
French Institute of International Relations (IFRI)
Gaudin, Christophe, 1981-
2020-04-01
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COVID-19 Pandemic in Russia: No Applause for Putin's Political Play?
From the Document: "'In Russia, the confirmed Covid-19 [coronavirus disease] infections have been suspiciously few. The official numbers do not reflect reality as there has been no systematic testing at any phase of the epidemic. Now, however, the number of cases has risen rapidly, and the new situation has an effect on the Kremlin's position in the eyes of the people.'"
Finnish Institute of International Affairs (FIIA)
Laine, Veera; Lassila, Jussi
2020-04
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Tackling COVID-19 Calls for Trust: Building Confidence is Part of Containing a Pandemic
From the Document: "'Covid-19 [coronavirus disease] highlights the relevance of sharing information at a time of crisis. The revision of International Health Regulations in 2005 aimed to prevent the international spread of diseases, but the response to the novel virus shows that gaps in global health security remain. At the same time, authorities at all levels need to gain citizens' trust in order to design an effective response.'"
Finnish Institute of International Affairs (FIIA)
Karjalainen, Tyyne
2020-04
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Monterey County Daily Situation Report [April 1, 2020]
All data current as of 08:25 AM April 1, 2020. From the Document:"Novel Coronavirus is an outbreak of respiratory disease caused by a novel (new) coronavirus that was first detected in China and which has now been detected in more than 100 locations internationally, including in the United States. The virus has been named 'SARS-CoV-2'[severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] and the disease it causes has been named 'coronavirus disease 2019' (abbreviated 'COVID-19'). 11:59pm, March 30, 2020, there have been 42 confirmed cases and 616 tests of COVID-19 among Monterey County residents."
Monterey County (Calif.). Health Department
McKee, Charles; Malais, Gerry; Moreno, Edward . . .
2020-04-01
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Centering on Coronavirus: Voting During a Pandemic
From the Document: "The outbreak of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease] across the U.S. has touched every facet of our society, and our democracy has been no exception. The pandemic poses unique challenges with respect to the 2020 election, and several states have already rescheduled spring primaries for the summer. State election officials are weighing not only the public health concerns of in-person voting but also the possibility of voter disenfranchisement for those who would inevitably choose to stay home. Uncertainty surrounding the duration of the outbreak also raises concerns about voter safety for the general election in November. This issue brief from The New Center discusses various state decisions, the state-specific provisions governing the postponement of elections, implications for the general election, and how a combination of drastically expanding mail-in voting alongside in-person voting may offer the best option to conduct a fair, secure, and inclusive 2020 election."
The New Center
Baumel, Julia
2020-04
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Facing the Human and Economic Costs of Fighting COVID-19
From the Document: "Today we live in a time of pandemic and economic recession in Canada and elsewhere. And both may get worse. There are tough choices to make, and we need to strike a balance so that measures taken today do not have even more devastating consequences in the future. In dealing with a crisis, we need the correct facts, we need to do a rational cost-benefit analysis, and we need to understand and work through our biases, to make proper policy and achieve the best result for all. We need to fight the pandemic appropriately with social distancing practices as a new way of life; we need to continue to use measures to alleviate the strains, current or coming, to our limited health care resources; we need governments to provide leadership to fight the disease, to support the financial system and economy, to alleviate the pain of economic disruption; and we need to keep the economy moving and get the economy moving again as soon as possible because of the economic and social tragedies that will come if we don't. People need to work; they need to be productive to take care of themselves and their families, and that too is great social policy. The cure to the COVID [coronavirus disease]-19 threat must not be worse, short-, medium- or long-term, than the disease. At some point, we have to restart the broader economy. A tipping point to do that will come, and I believe needs to come as soon as possible."
Macdonald-Laurier Institute
Wildeboer, Rob
2020-04
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COVID-19 Resource Guide: 'Mayors and Cities'
From the Document: "The COVID-19 pandemic is the largest public health and economic crisis our state and county have faced in a lifetime. Many people have lost their jobs, kids are out of school, and businesses have closed their doors. This situation requires bold action to provide relief to the most affected and provide a strong recovery. [...] Congress has now passed three emergency bipartisan funding bills to address this pandemic and provide relief to our communities. This guide contains information about the resources available to mayors and cities impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This guide is meant to be reference tool and the information within is not exhaustive. Inside you will find a compilation of existing federal and state resources."
United States. Congress. House
DelBene, Suzan K.
2020-04-01
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New Findings on Links Between Urban Expansion and Viral Disease in Vietnam Offer Lessons for COVID-19
From the Document: "Several studies have suggested that unplanned, poorly serviced areas surrounding Asia's cities are at special risk for outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza or coronavirus. Today, the identification of possible links between disease outbreaks and urban growth is particularly critical because rural-to-urban migration is overwhelming the resources for urban planning all across Asia. Specifically, rapid urbanization is outpacing the provision of sanitation, clean water supplies, modern construction, and other infrastructure. For a number of reasons, Vietnam offers a special opportunity to study possible links between urbanization and emerging infectious disease. Vietnam is urbanizing quickly, and the country has experienced major outbreaks of bird flu in its large and growing poultry industry. Outbreaks between 2003 and 2005 killed millions of chickens and, in a few troubling cases, 'jumped' from infected birds into the human population. At the same time, Vietnam has a strong, national-scale data collection and monitoring capability. The government collects and publishes detailed information on disease outbreaks, infrastructure development, and many other relevant factors from across the country."
East-West Center
Spencer, James H., 1967-; Saksena, Sumeet; Fox, Jefferson, 1951-
2020-04-01
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Estimating the True Number of China's COVID-19 Cases
From the Key Points: "[1] China's COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] figures are not arithmetically sensible. The Communist Party has deliberately made estimation difficult, but outside of Wuhan city and Hubei province, cases are low by a factor of 100 or more. [2] In late January, Chinese media provided information about migrant outflow from Wuhan before quarantine. Using a lower number than theirs, the conservative figures for migrants' infection rate and time in circulation before national lockdown, generates an estimate of 2.9 million cases. [3] This is partly due to China's huge population. That population can also hide COVID-19 among tens of millions of respiratory illnesses. Along with harshly enforced censorship, the population can hide tens of thousands of deaths."
American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
Scissors, Derek
2020-04
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Countering the Health 'Infodemic'
From the Document: "The dissemination of mis- and disinformation in traditional media and on social media has surged in recent years, with wide-ranging consequences in various policy areas - from elections to geopolitics to healthcare. The prevalence of false information regarding health issues threatens to undermine trust in official health advice and institutions responsible for countering threats to public health, potentially posing a serious threat to the health and wellbeing of individuals, a threat exacerbated in the current COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic."
European Parliament. European Parliamentary Research Service
Bentzen, Naja; Smith, Thomas
2020-04
