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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: Seeing Eye Drones: How the DoD Can Transform CBRN and Disaster Response in the Homeland [video]
"The threat of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) disasters is one of the most dangerous threats to the homeland. The United States has an opportunity to harness emerging technology to increase responder safety and improve situational awareness for civil authorities during response to natural or manmade CBRN disasters. In his thesis, Matt Jonkey, Commander of the 92nd Civil Support Team at the Nevada National Guard, explores the possibility of integrating small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) with video capability and CBRN detection and identification sensors for use by National Guard civil support teams. Existing policy and doctrine are insufficient to accommodate the fielding of such a capability. This thesis identifies and discusses these gaps. This thesis also conducts an analysis of similar Department of Defense and other national UAS policy and programs and offers recommendations to implement a new domestic sUAS policy. The recommendations provide the framework for implementing an innovative technology while addressing complicated issues, such as national airspace system integration, intelligence oversight, and training programs."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
2017-03-01
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: Fracking: Unintended Consequences for Local Communities [video]
"The advent of hydraulic fracturing and the ability to bore horizontal wells have changed the energy industry for better and worse since 2005. Advancements have dramatically increased the extraction of oil from shale, but the controversial process, commonly known as fracking, has transformed North Dakota's Bakken into a major producer of oil that has affected global oil markets. In his thesis, Chad Stangeland, Assistant Chief for the Moorhead Fire Department, examines the following questions. What are the effects of unconventional shale oil exploration on local communities? How can they prepare for, prevent, mitigate, and recover from the socioeconomic impacts associated with shale oil exploration? How did what happened at the Bakken serve as a case study to evaluate the holistic impact of fracking on the environment and socioeconomics of local communities at the epicenter of shale oil production?"
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Stangeland, Chad David
2017-02-15
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: Sociotechnical Identity Influences Threats to Security? [video]
"As man and machine have become ever more intertwined, technology is altering the perception of self-identity. This holds implications for homeland security. Sevan Gerard, a Firefighter/Paramedic with the Los Angeles Fire Department, is aiming to refine the 'analytical frame of Social Identity Theory into a framework encompassing both social identity and technological identity within the context of homeland security.' Academic studies abound focusing on the interface between man and machine, but the modern environment raises the question whether technology has graduated to a facet of individual identity. Gerard writes on the concept of 'technoself,' and he delves into whether technology exists beyond its simple physical form as a component of human identity and how that may influence behavior, particularly in the context of Homeland Security."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Gerard, Sevan D.
2017-02-15
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: Grand Challenges in Homeland Security [video]
"What global grand challenges we face today that will have an impact on the homeland security landscape twenty-five years from now? Today, a grand challenge is intended as a call-to-action for a given field, to find the potential solution for a moonshot problem. Calvin Bowman, Chairman of the Urban Area Security Initiative and Senior Policy Advisor for the Mayor's Office of Emergency Management in Baltimore City, recommends using the potential methods and organizational capacity requirements for Department of Homeland Security (DHS) science and technology (S&T) based on a focused comparison of three cases: XPRIZE, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), and DHS S&T. Through a contemporary application of smart practices used by XPRIZE and DARPA, DHS can better prepare for today's shifting technological threat environment. DHS' current approach to grand challenges is local and linear when it should be global and innovative."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Bowman, Calvin J.
2017-02-01
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: Increasing Road Infrastructure Capacity Through the Use of Autonomous Vehicles [video]
"Roadway infrastructure is a critical component to U.S. homeland security. Overland transportation affects the national economy, emergency services, defense, and communication systems. This thesis by Don Simko, Emergency Management Program Specialist at FEMA Headquarters, illustrates the capacity increases to roadways enabled by autonomous vehicle technology. Public policy can enhance the adoption rate of autonomous vehicles to maximize the benefit of this emergent technology on the roadway system. A policy analysis provides a comparison of options, and outlines regulations that will be needed to ensure safe adoption of autonomous vehicle technology nationally."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Simko, Donald John
2017-01-26
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: Moral Hazard in Flooding Disasters [video]
"Moral hazard occurs when people do not assume the full risk of an action or decision; they are not inclined to make a fully responsible or moral choice. Kevin Starbuck, the Assistant City Manager, Community Services at the the City of Amarillo states that over the course of the last half-century, federal government involvement in providing disaster assistance has greatly expanded. With this expansion, many believe that in providing disaster assistance, the federal involvement limits risk reduction and contributes to the rise of a moral hazard. Flooding and flood-related hazards are the most prominent and significant hazards in the United States, accounting for the highest percentage of major disaster declarations and direct economic losses. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) aims to reduce the impact of flooding through hazard identification and risk assessment, floodplain management, and flood insurance."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Starbuck, Kevin T.
2017-01-23
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: Unmanned Aerial Systems Policy [video]
"Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) and their meteoric rise in popularity among hobbyists and commercial users has created a sense of urgency among lawmakers to develop a strategic policy to facilitate domestic UAS integration into the national airspace. Brian, Employment Services Bureau Commander with the Phoenix Police Department talks about how local municipalities and state agencies are initiating legislative efforts to develop 'best practices,' ordinances, and policies in the absence of a structured legal framework for UAS expansion. The City of Phoenix is among those seeking solutions to the question of how the city and police department can develop and implement a strategic guidance policy governing UAS integration to best serve the interests government and community."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Lee, Brian R.
2017-01-11
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: Beyond Sister City Agreements: Exploring the Challenges to Full International Interoperability [video]
"Communities on the international border are often interconnected by more than simple proximity. They are connected through social networks, economy, culture, and shared natural resources. Despite this interdependent relationship, and in spite of international agreements that support mutual aid between countries, crossing the border with emergency resources, even for a humanitarian purpose, can be problematic. In this Viewpoints video, Calvin Shanks, Senior Director of Safety Services at the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center in El Paso , discusses his CHDS [Center for Homeland Defense and Security] Master's thesis which examined existing agreements on both the northern and southern U.S. borders to determine how various regions address their cross-border agreements. Research indicated that unique challenges-such as liability concerns, local politics, and border violence-along the Mexican border must be addressed. By examining the fuller context, this thesis recommends that local entities examine their specific challenges to establishing fully interoperable agreements. Local interoperability agreements just might move us beyond 'sister city agreements' and put us on the path toward functional international partnerships."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Shanks, Calvin D.
2016-07-21
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: The Ethical Imperative of Reason: How Anti-Intellectualism, Denialism, and Apathy Threaten National Security [video]
"This thesis explores the roots and manifestations of anti-intellectualism, denialism and apathy. Philosophical in its design, this research explores the following question: What are the potential effects of cultural anti-intellectualism on the construction and execution of national security and homeland security policy? Specifically, it focuses on how anti-intellectualism can affect how a course of action is created, presented, messaged, supported, and executed. The thesis amasses a review of previous research on the nature and manifestations of this issue and offers an account of the prospective implications for the securities field. Utilizing a case study model, this research explores three examples to highlight the manifestation of this current problem. The findings indicate that anti-intellectualism impacts the highest levels of the political, media, and security processes and, as such, requires practitioners to acknowledge and address its influence. This thesis concludes by arguing that widespread ignorance of objective reality poses a threat to the democratic process. It provides three overarching strategies designed to limit the impact of anti-intellectualism in the policy process and demonstrates that, in the intricate and dynamic matters of our nation's security, there is an ethical imperative for 'reason' and factual discussion to rule the policy process. Greggory Favre is a Captain, Special Operations & Strategic Planning, with the St. Louis Fire Department."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Favre, Greggory J.
2016-05-26
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: A Different Shade of Blue: An Evaluation of the Civilian Detective Concept and Its Impact on Police Capabilities [video]
"Financial distress and shrinking police candidate pools have diminished cities' abilities to protect the public. In this Viewpoints video, David Green, Lieutenant for the San Bernardino Police Department, discusses his CHDS [Center for Homeland Defense and Security] Master's thesis, which examines the manner in which cities have adapted by using civilians to perform the duties of sworn detectives. Specifically, he looks at whether this practice enhances cities' contributions to public safety. Nine law enforcement organizations across the country that applied this policy were analyzed. It focused on cost implications, impacts on investigative and emergency response capabilities, job qualifications, training standards, scope of duties, and overall efficacy. Similar themes include the ability of cities to reduce costs and to achieve equivalent work output from civilian personnel. Dissimilar themes surrounded the reasons cities adopted the policy and how they trained the personnel. From the analysis, this thesis determined that the use of civilian personnel does enhance cities' contributions to public safety. This thesis also identified a need for a uniform national framework for policy adoption and for state peace officer accrediting commissions to develop guidelines for training and certification."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Green, David B.
2016-05-02
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: Suicide in the Fire Service: Saving the Lives of Firefighters [video]
"Steve Heitman, Fire Chief of the Mercer Island WA Fire Department, talks about his CHDS [Center for Homeland Defense and Security] Master's thesis research, looking at whether Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and firefighter suicide are on the rise in the U.S. fire service and how fire chiefs can implement programs to curb PTSD-related firefighter suicide. The research was limited, however, by imprecise statistics on PTSD and suicide in the fire service, caused in part by the firefighter culture. To work toward a proactive solution, this research examined current, effective mental health programs that can be utilized in-house by fire departments, including Critical Incident Stress Debriefing, Psychological First Aid, and Stress First Aid. Research on professional mental health focused on therapies used by the Department of Veterans Affairs, including psychotherapy, medication, and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Through a critical review of available programs, this thesis identifies best practices for collecting accurate firefighter suicide data, and suggests development of a tiered approach to decrease PTSD and firefighter suicide. A limitation of the research was the inability to verify results of a firefighter being 'cured' of PTSD."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Heitman, Steven C.
2016-05-02
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: Flight Plight: An Examination of Contemporary Humanitarian Immigration from Honduras, Cuba and Syria to the United States with Considerations for National Security [video]
"CHDS [Center for Homeland Defense and Security] graduate Catherine Ventura, Immigration Officer for U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, received the March 2016 award for Outstanding Thesis. In this Viewpoints video, she discusses her work, which examines contemporary U.S. immigration for humanitarian populations from Honduras, Cuba, and Syria. Humanitarian immigration refers to refugees, asylum-seekers, and those who are forcibly displaced from their homelands. The study explores how the United States can balance its identity as a nation of immigrants with its increasing security concerns within forced migrant populations. The research describes various philosophies of and motives for migration and the United States' role as an international destination for refugees. The study also provides a comprehensive review of all U.S. humanitarian immigration programs available to forced migrants from Honduras, Cuba, and Syria. These unique reviews, or case studies, are introduced with descriptions of each country's social, political, and historical context for migration and feature fictional scenarios in which immigrant families interact directly with country conditions and the U.S. humanitarian immigration programs available to them. Finally, the thesis reviews national security concerns presented by humanitarian immigration programs and explains how national priorities and legislative remedies can temper public fear."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Ventura, Catherine Schroeck
2016-05-02
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: Saving the Savable: Using Bystanders to Increase Survival From Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest in NYC [video]
"Every year in America, thousands of people needlessly die following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Because first responders in New York City (NYC) have difficulty arriving soon enough, cardiac arrest survival rates lag significantly behind jurisdictions around the country. One successful approach used elsewhere to increase OHCA survival rates is encouraging bystanders to perform CPR [cardiopulmonary resuscitation] prior to first responders' arrival. Regarding bystanders as the 'first' first responders requires a shift in thinking as well as an understanding of the modern bystander. In this Viewpoints video, Frank Leeb, Battalion Chief for the Fire Department City of New York, discusses his Master's thesis, which examines the people, policies, and technology that are available--some of them already tested in other jurisdictions--and presents specific recommendations for NYC. Bridging the gap from the time a person stops breathing until the arrival of first responders may not be as difficult as it seems."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Leeb, Frank A.
2016-05-02
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: Armed to Learn: Aiming at California K-12 School Gun Policy [video]
"Although the idea of a school shooting strikes fear in the hearts of school administrators, school employees, and parents, there is no agreement on whether arming employees is a sound strategy to counter this threat. There is a wide gap in viewpoints between gun control advocates who want tighter gun control and constitutionalists who believe as strongly in the Second Amendment right to bear arms. Whether or not to implement a weapons policy is an issue every school superintendent or school authority may need to face sooner or later. In this Viewpoints video, Catherine Jones, Director of Risk Management Services for the Kern County CA Superintendent of Schools Office, discusses her Master's thesis, entitled, 'Armed to Learn: Aiming at California K-12 School Gun Policy.' This research does not seek to answer the question of whether school districts should arm their employees, but rather it seeks to provide a framework for each educational agency to explore, contemplate, and determine its course of action based upon risk management principles that take into account the values, goals, and capabilities of the community in which the policy would apply. Possible outcomes include the policy options of MoreGuns (allow teachers to be armed), BanGuns (no one is armed), or SomeGuns (trained security or law enforcement can be armed but not teachers). This research is intended to stand as a resource for stakeholders, such as legislators, parents, and employees, to equip them to engage in the policy debate and to empower their participation in making informed decisions about school district weapons policy."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Jones, Catherine Wilson
2016-04-25
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: Team of Advisors: The Social Science of Advice in Homeland and National Security [video]
"The establishment of the homeland security enterprise within the United States created new challenges for executive decision makers at the federal, state and local levels of government. In the second decade of the 21st century, matters of homeland security and national security seemingly grow closer to one another, as transnational threats abroad increasingly influence events at home. Executive decision makers at all levels of government face significant challenges, often under the pressures and constraints of crisis conditions. Public leaders need not face significant decisions alone and in a vacuum, devoid of subject matter expertise and guidance. The role of advisors in supporting public leaders is broad and underexplored, particularly in the evolving homeland security space. In this Viewpoints video, Theodore Berger, Chief of Staff for the City of Chicago Office of Emergency Management and Communications, discusses his Master's thesis, which examined the relationship between advisors who support executive decision-makers in the homeland security enterprise and national security domain and the factors that influence the advice process. This thesis seeks to tie the experiences of high ranking practitioners with the viewpoints of academics in social science to derive a better understanding of what leads to success as an advisor."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Berger, Theodore D.
2016-04-21
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Viewpoints in Homeland Defense and Security: Unmanned Aircraft Systems for Emergency Management [video]
"Responding to disasters is a critical function for first responders and the emergency management community. The primary mission when responding to disasters is saving lives, which often requires the use of multiple resources. Rotary and fixed-winged aircraft have traditionally performed disaster response missions, such as overhead damage assessments, reconnaissance, and missing person searches. However, with the advancement of unmanned aircraft systems (UASs), there is an opportunity to perform many conventional aerial missions in a safer, more expeditious, and cost effective manner. In this Viewpoints video, Darren Price, Regional Operations Supervisor for the Ohio Emergency Management Agency, discusses his Master's thesis, which explores the introduction of UASs for disaster response missions into the national airspace system of the United States. His thesis also includes a review of traditional disaster response missions and opportunities for the utilization of UASs; a comparison of UAS programs, both military and civilian, as well as international UAS programs; a review of barriers to implementation; offers policy and program considerations for agencies and jurisdictions to consider when implementing a UAS program; and recommends future research concerning the topic of autonomous UASs. Lastly, his thesis provides a decision guide to assist policy makers and practitioners with determining the need and feasibility of a UAS program."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Price, Darren E.
2016-04-19
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