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Domestic Intelligence Agency for the United States? A Comparative Analysis of Domestic Intelligence Agencies and Their Implications for Homeland Security
"The intelligence community has attempted to refocus to track terrorists that use unconventional means - a more complex task. This complexity is compounded by terrorist disregard for borders, laws, and transnational financing. As a result, the U.S. has attempted to change its concept of domestic intelligence through enactment of legislation and other initiatives. There is uncertainty whether these initiatives have resulted in better intelligence. The challenge for developing domestic intelligence capabilities centers on establishing them within a larger framework, to ensure information sharing and to implement oversight mechanisms to protect civil liberty. Organizational mechanisms, information sharing, and oversight are the critical components. An alternative is to create a domestic intelligence agency. This article examines the issues of instituting such an agency. It assesses the intelligence organizations of countries that possess democratic institutions - the United Kingdom, Australia, and India. This examination will determine whether U.S. intelligence reforms are targeting intelligence shortfalls. It will also determine whether the establishment of a domestic intelligence agency is viable for meeting the asymmetric threats of the 21st Century."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Burch, James A.
2007-06-01
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Capacity Building and Sustainment: Focusing on the End-State for Homeland Security
"Since 9/11, the U.S. has developed policies to counter the terrorist threat. Integral to those policies is preparedness. Homeland Security Presidential Directive 8 states that preparedness will include, "capacity building prevention activities such as information gathering, detection, deterrence, and collaboration related to terrorist attacks." Despite the criticality of capacity building in relation to preparedness, the term is not defined. There has been no discussion on what capacity building means. The term is often equated to federal assistance or used interchangeably with capabilities and capability based planning. Capacity building strategies, however, are distinct and link into wider economic, political, and societal issues. Despite capacity building's criticality to preparedness and sustainment, various or ambiguous interpretations will translate to differences in strategic priorities. This thesis will examine the existing strategies to determine the linkage between capacity building, preparedness, sustainment, capability, capability based planning, and the envisioned end-state. It will also address sustainment issues and homeland security costs based on differing capacity building interpretations. The end product is a capacity building definition that captures the costs and variables with building and sustaining capabilities. This thesis will also demonstrate how capacity building measures serve as the foundational premise for a sound homeland security strategic plan."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security; Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.)
Burch, James A.
2007-03
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Domestic Intelligence Gap: Progress Since 9/11?
"9/11 was a strategic event and a mandate for change. The inability to 'connect the dots' led to significant debates to improving intelligence. Post-9/11 intelligence reforms led to significant organizational change. These changes and the emphasis on information sharing have also resulted in the significant application of resources. Reorganization and reform raise other questions -- particularly concerning domestic intelligence. First, are these changes improving security? Major changes lead to implementation challenges. Second, has information sharing improved? Information sharing carries multiple meanings, which lead to differences in expectations. Lastly, has intelligence oversight improved? Domestic intelligence remains a sensitive issue. This article examines the issue of post-9/11 reforms within the context of organizational mechanisms, information sharing, and intelligence oversight and how they stem from enduring community challenges since the founding of the peacetime intelligence apparatus in 1947. It also examines these issues within the context of transformation and identifies challenges for the future."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Burch, James A.
2008-05
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