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Racial and Ethnic Equity in U.S. Agriculture: Selected Current Issues [April 11, 2022]
From the Introduction: "Issues concerning racial and ethnic equity in the United States have increased in profile among the general public, policymakers, and Members of Congress. The media has reported on racial inequity across various sectors and industries, including agriculture. Similarly, Congress has drawn attention to the challenges facing Black farmers and ranchers and other producers of color through hearings, legislation, and oversight of federal agencies. [...] This report reviews actions taken by the 116th and 117th Congresses to enhance equity for producers of color in the United States in the areas of agricultural credit; USDA civil rights complaints; farmland ownership; and USDA research, education, and extension."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Benson, Lisa S.; Croft, Genevieve K.; Monke, Jim . . .
2022-04-11
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Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act: Funding for USDA Rural Broadband Programs [Updated November 19, 2021]
From the Document: "On November 15, 2021, President Biden signed the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act into law (P.L. [Public Law] 117- 58). The act invests $1.2 trillion in the nation's infrastructure, including roads, highways, and electric, water, and railway systems. The act also invests in broadband (i.e., high-speed internet) infrastructure, including in rural areas where households have historically had lower access to broadband compared with households in urban and suburban areas. P.L. 117-58 includes funding for two U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) broadband programs that serve rural communities: the ReConnect Program and the Rural Broadband Program. This is in addition to provisions that amend or provide funding to broadband programs administered by the U.S. Department of Commerce's National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) and the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). This InFocus summarizes the provisions in the infrastructure act related to the ReConnect Program and the Rural Broadband Program."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Benson, Lisa S.; Casey, Alyssa R.
2021-11-19
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Federally Supported Projects and Programs for Wastewater, Drinking Water, and Water Supply Infrastructure [Updated August 24, 2021]
From the Introduction: "This report focuses on programs that support drinking water and wastewater infrastructure projects and also municipal and industrial (M&I) water supply projects and activities. This report generally does not address water projects and programs for irrigation, flood control, hydroelectricity, and recreation. However, in some cases [...], a federal program or agency (e.g., Reclamation and USDA) may primarily support one or more of these other objectives while providing some support for M&I activities, even if only incidentally. Other federal authorities (e.g., those of Reclamation and USACE [U.S. Army Corps of Engineers]) may be available to assist with the provision of emergency water and wastewater needs, such as improving access to water supplies during a drought. Such authorities are generally not discussed in this report."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Ramseur, Jonathan L.; Lawhorn, Julie M.; Normand, Anna E. . . .
2021-08-24
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Drought in the United States: Science, Policy, and Selected Federal Authorities [Updated February 8, 2022]
From the Introduction: "Drought--a deficiency of moisture that results in adverse impacts--occurs to some extent almost every year in areas of the United States. Drought has the potential to create economic and environmental impacts on local, regional, and national scales, as well as disruptions in water supplies for households and communities. For example, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) estimates the United States has experienced 29 billion-dollar drought events since 1980, at an estimated total cost of over $285.5 billion. Although droughts are a component of climate variability and may be seasonal, multiyear, or multi-decadal in duration, variable precipitation and rising temperatures are intensifying droughts in some regions. Severe droughts in California from 2012 to 2016, as well as widespread drought in the western United States in 2021, have raised the profile of drought and led to increasing congressional and administrative proposals to prepare for and respond to its impacts. [...] This report provides an overview of drought in the United States, including information on drought science, monitoring, and forecasts and on drought types and intensity classifications. It also discusses federal authorities related to drought planning and response, with a focus on selected water-related agricultural, environmental, and natural resource-related authorities with explicit ties to drought. It does not discuss broader disaster-related authorities and their potential nexus to drought, such as the programs and authorities of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and interactions between drought and other hazards and concerns (e.g., wildfire, dust, and public health)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Stern, Charles V.; Lipiec, Eva; Humphreys, Elena H. . . .
2022-02-08
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Drought in the United States: Science, Policy, and Selected Federal Authorities [September 16, 2021]
From the Document: "Drought―a deficiency of moisture that results in adverse effects―occurs to some extent almost every year in areas of the United States. Droughts can simultaneously reduce available water supplies and increase demands for water. Drought has the potential to affect economic and environmental conditions on local, regional, and national scales, as well as to cause disruptions in water supplies for households and communities. Droughts are a component of climate variability and may be seasonal, multiyear, or multi-decadal in duration. According to an August 2021 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report on the physical science of climate change, variable precipitation and rising temperatures are intensifying droughts in some U.S. regions. According to the report, certain types of droughts, such as those causing agricultural impacts, are expected to be more likely in the western and central regions of the United States in the future."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Stern, Charles V.; Lipiec, Eva; Benson, Lisa S. . . .
2021-09-16
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