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COVID-19 and the State of Global Mobility in 2020
From the Executive Summary: "The year 2020 was a landmark for human mobility, with dramatically reduced cross-border movements of all kinds. The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic decimated tourism and business travel; severely curtailed labour migration; and dampened movement of all stripes, from that of international students to family reunification. The International Organization for Migration (IOM) has been tracking the surge in travel restrictions, border closures and health-related travel requirements imposed by governments since the onset of the pandemic. This report, produced through collaboration between the IOM and the Migration Policy Institute (MPI), marks the first comprehensive analysis of these data to understand how the pandemic has reshaped border management and human mobility - and what the lasting ramifications may be throughout 2021 and beyond. While the overall picture of human mobility in 2020 is of movement dramatically curtailed, the picture varies over time and by region. This reflects the diverse range of strategies employed to minimize cross-border mobility and step up the screening of travellers to reduce the spread of the virus."
Migration Policy Institute; International Organization for Migration
Benton, Meghan; Batalova, Jeanne, 1974-; Davidoff-Gore, Samuel . . .
2021-04
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Integration of Immigrant Health Professionals: Looking Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis
From the Executive Summary: "During the first wave of the pandemic, in March and April 2020, several states adopted emergency measures to rapidly expand the number of health-care workers and inject flexibility into health systems. One innovative strategy was to create pathways for internationally trained health professionals to be licensed and practice. The policies represented a unique opportunity for underemployed immigrants and refugees with degrees in health and medicine to join the fight against the pandemic--at least in theory, given the obstacles that continue to prevent many from doing so. The Migration Policy Institute (MPI) has estimated that, before the pandemic began, there were approximately 270,000 immigrant and refugee health professionals either employed in jobs that require no more than a high school education or out of work. [...] [H]ow can these professionals--who bring both technical knowledge, and linguistic and cultural skills--become a resource in a health-care system that lacks diversity and that faces both staffing shortages and geographic mismatches? This issue brief, which draws on rich discussions with medical and public-health professionals, hospital administrators, labor market and health policy experts, and representatives of organizations promoting the integration of immigrant professionals, explores key trends and policy opportunities[.]"
Migration Policy Institute
Batalova, Jeanne, 1974-; Fix, Michael; Fernández-Peña, José Ramón
2021-04
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Immigrant and Other U.S. Workers a Year into the Pandemic: A Focus on Top Immigrant States
From the Introduction: "More than a year since the onset of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic, and six months into U.S. vaccination efforts, the economy is starting to rebound from the worst of the economic recession induced by stay-at-home mandates, social-distancing measures, supply chain disruptions, and other pandemic impacts. The economy added 559,000 jobs in May 2021, and the official unemployment rate fell to 5.8 percent. Yet, there were still 7.6 million fewer jobs in the country in May 2021 compared to February 2020, the month immediately before the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. Throughout the pandemic, foreign-born workers have had higher unemployment rates than U.S.-born workers, due partly to their higher concentrations in industries and occupations in which layoffs were more widespread. [...] This issue brief describes the state contexts for employment and unemployment trends among immigrant and U.S.-born workers, including their differing mix of industries, lengths of stay-at-home orders, definitions of essential workers, stringency of restrictions on restaurants and bars, and timing and intensity of COVID-19 outbreaks. The analysis focuses on the ten states with the largest number of immigrant residents in recent years."
Migration Policy Institute
Gelatt, Julia; Batalova, Jeanne, 1974-; Levesque, Christopher
2021-06
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Immigrants' U.S. Labor Market Disadvantage in the COVID-19 Economy: The Role of Geography and Industries of Employment
From the Executive Summary: "While the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic and its economic fallout have hit many workers in the United States hard, lockdowns in response to the initial wave of infections affected the employment of immigrants more than U.S.-born workers. Immigrants experienced steeper job losses and are more heavily concentrated in industries and regional economies with relatively high unemployment compared to the U.S. born. But after rising to higher peaks in 2020, the unemployment rates for immigrant men and women dropped below those of U.S.-born men and women by July 2021. This issue brief uses monthly U.S. Census Bureau data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) to examine the extent of job losses and shifts in employment patterns among immigrant and U.S.-born workers from mid-2019 to mid-2021. It looks at the same three-month period in each year (May to July), as opposed to the last months immediately before the pandemic, in order to account for seasonal employment patterns."
Migration Policy Institute
Capps, Randy; Batalova, Jeanne, 1974-; Gelatt, Julia
2021-09
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Early Readout on the Economic Effects of the COVID-19 Crisis: Immigrant Women Have the Highest Unemployment
From the Executive Summary: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic and efforts to slow its spread through social distancing, lockdowns, and other measures have led to historically high U.S. unemployment rates, which at their peak in April 2020 far surpassed those seen during the recession of 2008-09. More than half a year after the first measures to combat the public-health crisis were taken in mid-March 2020, some groups of Americans faced much higher unemployment than others, with immigrant women among those hit hardest."
Migration Policy Institute
Gelatt, Julia; Batalova, Jeanne, 1974-; Capps, Randy
2020-11
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